Chemical Engineering Journal Advances最新文献_第2页

Extraction of fermentable sugars and phenolic compounds from Colombian cashew (Anacardium occidentale) nut shells using subcritical water technology: Response surface methodology and chemical profiling 利用亚临界水技术从哥伦比亚腰果（Anacardium occidentale）果壳中提取可发酵糖和酚类化合物：响应面方法和化学分析

IF 5.5 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Chemical Engineering Journal Advances

Pub Date : 2024-10-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceja.2024.100661

Luis J. Cruz-Reina , Jader Rodríguez-Cortina , Fabrice Vaillant , Israel Herrera-Orozco , Chiara Carazzone , Rocío Sierra

Subcritical water extraction (SCWE) is a novel technology that uses water at high pressure and temperature to recover bioactive compounds. While promising, further studies are needed to fully understand the potential of SCWE when applied to cashew nut shells (CNS), which are rich in phenolic compounds, carbohydrates, and other natural substances. This study aimed to evaluate SCWE applied to CNS from Vichada, Colombia, using a surface response methodology and to perform a comprehensive chemical profiling of the recovered extracts and the remaining solids. A Box-Behnken experimental design was employed to study the extraction process, focusing on variables such as temperature, pressure, and solid-to-solvent ratio. The liquid extracts were analyzed using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry, while the extracted solids were characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The liquid extracts revealed a variety of compounds, including xylose, glucose, arabinose, long-chain phenols, organic acids, and furans. Extraction conditions significantly influenced the distribution of these compounds, with the optimal conditions for extracting fermentable sugars and organic acids identified as 180 °C, 15 bar, and a 20:1 mL/g solid-to-solvent ratio. The resulting hydrochar comprised lignin (58.82 ± 3.44 %) and structural carbohydrates (approximately 40 %), showing thermal stability up to 200 °C, OH functional groups on its surface, and a textured morphology under microscopy. These by-products have potential applications in various fields. This study demonstrates that SCWE effectively recovers valuable compounds from CNS for use in fermentation processes, suggesting that the resulting hydrochar could be utilized in soil amendment, adsorption, or energy applications. SCWE is highlighted as an innovative and environmentally friendly technology for managing cashew residual biomass, promoting sustainability and circularity in this production chain.

亚临界水萃取（SCWE）是一种利用高压高温水回收生物活性化合物的新型技术。腰果壳富含酚类化合物、碳水化合物和其他天然物质，虽然前景广阔，但要充分了解亚临界水萃取应用于腰果壳的潜力，还需要进一步的研究。本研究旨在采用表面响应方法对应用于哥伦比亚维查达腰果壳的 SCWE 进行评估，并对回收的提取物和剩余固体进行全面的化学分析。在研究萃取过程时采用了箱式贝肯实验设计，重点关注温度、压力和固溶比等变量。液体提取物采用超高效液相色谱法和气相色谱-质谱法进行分析，提取的固体则采用傅立叶变换红外光谱法和扫描电子显微镜进行表征。液体提取物中发现了多种化合物，包括木糖、葡萄糖、阿拉伯糖、长链酚、有机酸和呋喃。萃取条件极大地影响了这些化合物的分布，确定萃取可发酵糖和有机酸的最佳条件为 180 °C、15 巴和 20:1 mL/g 的固体与溶剂比。所得水碳由木质素（58.82 ± 3.44 %）和结构碳水化合物（约 40 %）组成，热稳定性高达 200 °C，表面有羟基官能团，显微镜下呈现纹理形态。这些副产品在各个领域都有潜在的应用价值。本研究表明，SCWE 能有效地从 CNS 中回收有价值的化合物用于发酵过程，这表明所产生的水炭可用于土壤改良、吸附或能源应用。SCWE 作为一种创新型环保技术，可用于管理腰果残余生物质，促进生产链的可持续性和循环性。

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引用次数: 0

The impairment of joint tetracycline and copper oxide nanoparticle exposure on activated sludge 四环素和纳米氧化铜联合暴露对活性污泥的损害

IF 5.5 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Chemical Engineering Journal Advances

Pub Date : 2024-10-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceja.2024.100652

Rongshan He , Shan Ding , Danyang Liu , Zhi Yang , Rui Liu , Li Cao , Qiang He , Hainan Ai

The increasing usage of two emerging contaminants (i.e., tetracycline (TET) and copper oxide nanoparticles (CuONPs)) has raised wide concerns about their potential impacts on the efficiency of wastewater treatment. However, the joint effects of TET and CuONPs on activated sludge processes have rarely been documented. This study investigated the sludge characteristics and bioactivities under both individual and joint exposure to TET (1 mg/L) and CuONPs (2 mg/L) for 60 days. The results demonstrated that both individual and joint exposures of TET and CuONPs deteriorated the flocculation ability and dewatering of sludge by inducing non-filamentous bacteria. The joint exposure showed higher effects on sludge when compared with individual exposure. Sludge characterization analysis attributed this deterioration partly to the increased extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) secretion (especially loose-bound EPS). In addition, exposure to CuONPs would result in an inhibition of total nitrogen removal due to impairment of the denitrification process (i.e., nitrate reductase, nitrous reductase, and electron-transfer associated enzyme), but not for TET. The inhibition of nitrogen removal could be exacerbated when simultaneously exposed to CuONPs and TET. 16S rRNA analysis further revealed that the long-term joint exposure to TET and CuONPs resulted in a significant decrease in microbial community richness, diversity, and associated functional bacteria abundance. The results of this study suggest that joint exposure to TET and CuONPs results in the deterioration of sludge function efficiency.

两种新出现的污染物（即四环素（TET）和纳米氧化铜（CuONPs））的使用量不断增加，引起了人们对它们对污水处理效率的潜在影响的广泛关注。然而，TET 和 CuONPs 对活性污泥工艺的共同影响却鲜有文献记载。本研究调查了单独和联合接触 TET（1 毫克/升）和 CuONPs（2 毫克/升）60 天后的污泥特性和生物活性。结果表明，单独接触和联合接触 TET 和 CuONPs 都会通过诱导非丝状菌来降低污泥的絮凝能力和脱水效果。与单独接触相比，联合接触对污泥的影响更大。污泥特性分析表明，这种恶化的部分原因是细胞外聚合物质（EPS）分泌增加（尤其是松散的 EPS）。此外，由于反硝化过程（即硝酸还原酶、亚硝酸还原酶和电子传递相关酶）受损，接触 CuONPs 会导致总氮去除受到抑制，但 TET 不会。当同时接触 CuONPs 和 TET 时，脱氮抑制作用会加剧。16S rRNA 分析进一步表明，长期同时接触 TET 和 CuONPs 会导致微生物群落丰富度、多样性和相关功能菌丰度显著下降。研究结果表明，同时接触 TET 和 CuONPs 会导致污泥功能效率下降。

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引用次数: 0

Feasibility of vanadium ion adsorption/desorption using nickel–aluminum complex hydroxides with different molar ratios 使用不同摩尔比的镍铝复合氢氧化物吸附/解吸钒离子的可行性

IF 5.5 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Chemical Engineering Journal Advances

Pub Date : 2024-10-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceja.2024.100656

Fumihiko Ogata , Yuya Teranishi , Noriaki Nagai , Yugo Uematsu , Megumu Toda , Masashi Otani , Chalermpong Saenjum , Naohito Kawasaki

Herein, metal complex hydroxides containing nickel (Ni) and aluminum (Al) at different molar ratios (Ni:Al = 1:1 (NA11), 1:2 (NA12), 2:1 (NA21), 3:1 (NA31), and 4:1 (NA41)) were prepared. Scanning electron microscopy images, X-ray diffraction patterns, specific surface area, number of hydroxyl groups, and pH_pzc were evaluated. Further, the adsorption capacity of vanadium ions was assessed, with NA21 showing a high potential to adsorb vanadium ions from the aqueous phase (177.5 mg/g). In addition, the effects of various factors, including pH, contact time, initial concentration, and temperature, on the adsorption of vanadium ions were demonstrated in this study using NA21. The optimal pH value for adsorbing vanadium ions was 5.0. Adsorption isotherms and kinetic data were fitted to a pseudo-second-order model (correlation coefficient: 0.958) and a Freundlich model (correlation coefficient: 0.930–0.982), respectively. This study elucidated that a part of the adsorption mechanism of vanadium was related to ion exchange and characteristics of NA21 surface. Moreover, NA21 showed capability to selectively adsorb vanadium ions from binary solution system containing chloride, nitrate, or sulfate ions. Vanadium ions adsorbed onto NA21 were more easily desorbed by a sodium hydroxide solution than a sodium sulfate solution. NA21 demonstrated consistent performance over at least three adsorption and desorption cycles under experimental conditions of this study. These findings provided valuable insights into the recovery of vanadium ions from aqueous media via adsorption/desorption treatment using NA21.

本文制备了不同摩尔比（Ni:Al = 1:1 (NA11)、1:2 (NA12)、2:1 (NA21)、3:1 (NA31) 和 4:1 (NA41)）的含镍（Ni）和铝（Al）的金属复合氢氧化物。对扫描电子显微镜图像、X 射线衍射图样、比表面积、羟基数量和 pHpzc 进行了评估。此外，还对钒离子的吸附能力进行了评估，结果表明 NA21 具有很高的吸附水相中钒离子的潜力（177.5 mg/g）。此外，本研究还利用 NA21 验证了 pH 值、接触时间、初始浓度和温度等各种因素对钒离子吸附的影响。吸附钒离子的最佳 pH 值为 5.0。吸附等温线和动力学数据分别拟合为假二阶模型（相关系数：0.958）和 Freundlich 模型（相关系数：0.930-0.982）。这项研究阐明了钒的部分吸附机理与离子交换和 NA21 表面的特性有关。此外，NA21还能选择性地吸附含有氯离子、硝酸根离子或硫酸根离子的二元溶液体系中的钒离子。与硫酸钠溶液相比，NA21更容易被氢氧化钠溶液解吸。在本研究的实验条件下，NA21至少在三个吸附和解吸循环中表现出一致的性能。这些发现为利用 NA21 通过吸附/解吸处理从水介质中回收钒离子提供了宝贵的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Silver oxide integrated ionic polymer composite for wearable sensing and water purification 用于可穿戴传感和水净化的氧化银集成离子聚合物复合材料

IF 5.5 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Chemical Engineering Journal Advances

Pub Date : 2024-10-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceja.2024.100651

Priya Khanduri , Varij Panwar , Pradeep Kumar Sharma , Gopinathan Anoop , Sanjeev Kumar , Sukho Park

Integrating metal nanoparticles (NPs) with ionic polymer blends/composites showed immense interest for their potential in wearable sensors, soft robotic arms, flexible man-machine interfaces of biomedical devices, and water purification applications. However, conventional NPs attached ionic polymer composites exhibit limitations such as low sensitivity (ΔR/R), low total dissolved solids (TDS) reduction, and low phosphate (PO4-P) removal rate. Herein, ionic polymer composites (IPCs) using flower-shaped silver oxide (Ag₂O) attached Poly (vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF)/ polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)/ionic liquid (IL) were designed and developed for wearable sensing and water purification. The IPCs demonstrated remarkably high ΔR/R values of 50, 10, and 3.5 corresponding to the wrist movement of 50°, finger movement of 180°, and chin movements respectively. The Ag₂O-based IPC recorded a significant reduction of TDS from sewage water from 3405 ppm to 1035 ppm, elevated the dissolved oxygen (DO) levels in the sewage water from 1.2 mg/l to 6.8 mg/l, and removed approximately 87.38 % phosphate from sewage water. Due to the uniform distribution of Ag₂O within pores of IPC, it demonstrated enhanced performance for wearable and wastewater treatment applications.

将金属纳米粒子（NPs）与离子聚合物混合物/复合材料结合在一起，在可穿戴传感器、软机械臂、生物医学设备的柔性人机界面以及水净化应用方面具有巨大的潜力，因此引起了人们的极大兴趣。然而，传统的 NPs 附着离子聚合物复合材料表现出一些局限性，如灵敏度（ΔR/R）低、降低总溶解固体（TDS）和磷酸盐（PO4-P）去除率低。在此，我们设计并开发了附着聚偏二氟乙烯（PVDF）/聚乙烯吡咯烷酮（PVP）/离子液体（IL）的花形氧化银（Ag2O）离子聚合物复合材料（IPCs），用于可穿戴传感和水净化。这些 IPC 分别在手腕运动 50°、手指运动 180°和下巴运动时显示出 50、10 和 3.5 的高 ΔR/R 值。根据记录，基于 Ag2O 的 IPC 显著降低了污水中的 TDS，从 3405 ppm 降至 1035 ppm，污水中的溶解氧（DO）水平从 1.2 mg/l 升至 6.8 mg/l，并去除污水中约 87.38% 的磷酸盐。由于 Ag2O 在 IPC 的孔隙中分布均匀，它在可穿戴设备和污水处理应用方面的性能得到了提高。

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引用次数: 0

Prospects and challenges of energy storage materials: A comprehensive review 储能材料的前景与挑战：全面回顾

IF 5.5 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Chemical Engineering Journal Advances

Pub Date : 2024-10-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceja.2024.100657

Md Mir Shakib Ahmed , Md. Jahid Hasan , Md. Shakil Chowdhury , Md Khaledur Rahman , Md Saiful Islam , Md Shakhawat Hossain , Md. Aminul Islam , Nayem Hossain , Md Hosne Mobarak

Energy storage technologies, which are based on natural principles and developed via rigorous academic study, are essential for sustainable energy solutions. Mechanical systems such as flywheel, pumped hydro, and compressed air storage rely on inertia and gravitational potential to store and release energy. On the other hand, electrochemical systems, which include different types of batteries, effectively store and release energy by utilizing materials like metal hydrides and transition metal oxides. These materials are known for their high energy densities and reversible chemical properties. Although they have shown potential, issues such as high costs, limited availability of materials, and negative environmental effects continue to remain. This requires the development of sustainable and scalable production methods and presents difficulties in integrating with current infrastructure. To tackle these problems, a multidisciplinary strategy is necessary. This approach should involve the creation of effective materials, the implementation of sustainable manufacturing methods, and the establishment of comprehensive policy frameworks. Enhanced global collaboration and increased investment in research and development are crucial as well. Through promoting collaboration among scientists, engineers, policymakers, and industry stakeholders, we can address existing constraints, improve energy efficiency, and advance the ability of the energy sector to withstand challenges. This will enable the development of a strong, environmentally friendly energy future that can meet global energy needs in a sustainable and fair manner.

基于自然原理并通过严谨的学术研究开发的储能技术对于可持续能源解决方案至关重要。飞轮、抽水蓄能和压缩空气蓄能等机械系统依靠惯性和重力势能来储存和释放能量。另一方面，电化学系统（包括不同类型的电池）利用金属氢化物和过渡金属氧化物等材料有效地储存和释放能量。这些材料以其高能量密度和可逆化学特性而著称。虽然这些材料已显示出潜力，但仍存在成本高、材料供应有限以及对环境造成负面影响等问题。这就需要开发可持续和可扩展的生产方法，并在与现有基础设施整合时遇到困难。要解决这些问题，必须采取多学科战略。这种方法应包括创造有效的材料、实施可持续的生产方法以及建立全面的政策框架。加强全球合作和增加研发投资也至关重要。通过促进科学家、工程师、政策制定者和行业利益相关者之间的合作，我们可以解决现有的制约因素，提高能源效率，增强能源行业抵御挑战的能力。这将有助于发展一个强大、环保的能源未来，以可持续和公平的方式满足全球能源需求。

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引用次数: 0

Radiation defect formation and effect on mechanical property in octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine investigated by molecular dynamics method 分子动力学方法研究八氢-1,3,5,7-四硝基-1,3,5,7-四佐辛的辐射缺陷形成及其对力学性能的影响

IF 5.5 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Chemical Engineering Journal Advances

Pub Date : 2024-10-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceja.2024.100653

Weiyi Li , Tao Wang , Wanxiao Guo , Miaosen Yu , Jintao Wang , Zongxiang Ma , Ning Gao

Energetic materials (EMs) are generally used in various conditions including under the neutron irradiation environment. To understand the radiation damages and related effects on mechanical property of EMs is important and necessary for their further applications under radiation conditions. In this paper, the displacement cascades are firstly simulated with molecular dynamics method in an octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (HMX) with the maximum energy of a primary knock-on atom (PKA) up to around 5 keV. The bond breaking, formation of free radicals, new gas molecules and interstitial and vacancy clusters, are all observed after displacement cascades, which can be used to explain the change of color and release of gas after irradiation as reported in experiments. Furthermore, the effect of above defect formation on mechanical property is calculated based on tensile stress simulations on damaged HMX. The results clearly show the appearance of strong stress gradient around defect formation region, resulting in lower external stress needed to deform the system. Thus, the radiation softening can be explored according to these results, same to experimental reports. Therefore, all these results indicate the radiation damages induced by energetic particles should be considered seriously for further application of energetic materials in nuclear conditions.

高能材料（EMs）通常用于各种条件下，包括中子辐照环境下。了解辐射损伤及其对电磁材料力学性能的相关影响对于电磁材料在辐射条件下的进一步应用是非常重要和必要的。本文首先用分子动力学方法模拟了八氢-1,3,5,7-四硝基-1,3,5,7-四佐辛（HMX）在一次击穿原子（PKA）的最大能量达到 5 keV 左右时的位移级联。在位移级联之后，可以观察到键的断裂、自由基的形成、新气体分子以及间隙和空位簇，这些都可以用来解释实验中报告的辐照后颜色的变化和气体的释放。此外，根据对受损 HMX 的拉伸应力模拟，计算了上述缺陷形成对机械性能的影响。结果清楚地表明，在缺陷形成区域周围出现了很强的应力梯度，导致系统变形所需的外应力降低。因此，根据这些结果可以探索辐射软化，这与实验报告相同。因此，所有这些结果表明，在核条件下进一步应用高能材料时，应认真考虑高能粒子诱发的辐射损伤。

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引用次数: 0

Exploring the ring-opening metathesis polymerization process by kinetic Monte Carlo simulation 通过动力学蒙特卡罗模拟探索开环偏聚聚合过程

IF 5.5 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Chemical Engineering Journal Advances

Pub Date : 2024-10-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceja.2024.100654

Ákos Szabó, Béla Iván, Ervin Kovács

Investigating the kinetics of polymerization reactions is a powerful tool to obtain information for the engineering design of such processes. It provides insights into how the relative rates of elementary reactions which influence both the kinetics of the reactions and thus characteristics of the products as well, particularly when the reaction parameters of these reactions are unknown. Among polymerization processes, ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) has gained broad academic and industrial interest, due to its mild conditions to obtain a wide range of polymer products. In this study, kinetic Monte Carlo simulation was applied to reveal the effect of the elementary reactions of ROMP on the kinetics and product distribution. Both the propagation and the cross-metathesis reactions were considered, with the latter leading to the formation of various types of macrospecies whose population levels were also monitored. Relevant tendencies were observed regarding how the variations in the reaction parameters of the elementary reactions of this polymerization process, such as reaction probabilities, monomer addition method, catalyst-to-monomer ratio, and reaction time, affect the kinetics of the polymerization process and the product distributions. These variations also influence the key macromolecular parameters of the resulting polymeric materials, including chain length distribution (CLD), population levels, and polymer functionalities. The results of this study indicate that this simulation technique is a valuable tool for mapping the tailoring possibilities of modifying the reaction parameters of ROMP to achieve desired properties. These properties include number average molecular weight, polydispersity, chain end functionality, and macrocycle-free products.

研究聚合反应的动力学是获取此类工艺工程设计信息的有力工具。它让我们深入了解基本反应的相对速率如何影响反应的动力学，从而影响产物的特性，尤其是在这些反应的反应参数未知的情况下。在聚合过程中，开环偏聚（ROMP）因其温和的条件可获得多种聚合物产品而受到学术界和工业界的广泛关注。本研究采用蒙特卡洛动力学模拟揭示了 ROMP 基本反应对动力学和产物分布的影响。传播反应和交叉甲基化反应都被考虑在内，后者导致形成各种类型的大分子，其数量水平也受到监测。在该聚合过程的基本反应的反应参数变化（如反应概率、单体添加方法、催化剂与单体的比例和反应时间）如何影响聚合过程的动力学和产物分布方面，观察到了相关的趋势。这些变化也会影响所生成聚合物材料的关键大分子参数，包括链长分布 (CLD)、种群水平和聚合物官能度。研究结果表明，这种模拟技术是一种宝贵的工具，可用于绘制修改 ROMP 反应参数的定制可能性图，以获得所需的特性。这些特性包括平均分子量、多分散性、链端官能度和无大环产品。

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引用次数: 0

Enhanced syngas production through dry reforming of methane with Ni/CeZrO2 catalyst: Kinetic parameter investigation and CO2-rich feed simulation 使用 Ni/CeZrO2 催化剂对甲烷进行干转化，提高合成气产量：动力学参数研究和富含二氧化碳的进料模拟

IF 5.5 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Chemical Engineering Journal Advances

Pub Date : 2024-10-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceja.2024.100655

Intan Clarissa Sophiana , Soen Steven , Rawiyah Khairunida’ Shalihah , Ferry Iskandar , Hary Devianto , Elvi Restiawaty , Norikazu Nishiyama , Yogi Wibisono Budhi

Natuna's natural gas reserve, which contains 70 %–v CO₂ and 30 %–v CH_4, opens a prospective method for producing syngas through the dry reforming of methane (DRM). This study used the equation and determination of kinetic parameters in a fixed-bed reactor to develop the operating conditions for the DRM process. The catalyst used was 10 %Ni/CeZrO₂ and followed the Langmuir-Hinshelwood mechanism, with CH₄ dissociation (activation of C–H bonds) on the Ni catalyst as the rate-determining step. According to the results, the simulation and experimental data have error values of ≤ 5 % and RMSE < 0.046. This indicates that the equation and kinetic parameters used in the simulation are valid for reactor modeling. Steady-state modeling was then conducted using a 1D quasihomogeneous model. The feed composition of CO₂:CH₄ = 70:30 (Natuna gas field composition) has optimized results with temperature 700 °C, CH₄ conversion at 92 %, CO₂ conversion at 28 %, and H₂/CO ratio 1.42, and carbon formation at 7.1 mgC/gcat. This study also found that a higher CO₂:CH₄ feed ratio could reduce carbon formation during DRM.

纳土纳的天然气储量含有 70%-v CO2 和 30%-v CH4，这为通过甲烷干重整（DRM）生产合成气开辟了前景广阔的方法。本研究利用固定床反应器中的方程和动力学参数的确定来制定 DRM 工艺的操作条件。使用的催化剂为 10 %Ni/CeZrO2 并遵循 Langmuir-Hinshelwood 机理，Ni 催化剂上的 CH4 解离（C-H 键活化）是决定速率的步骤。结果表明，模拟数据和实验数据的误差值≤ 5 %，RMSE < 0.046。这表明模拟中使用的方程和动力学参数在反应器建模中是有效的。然后使用一维准均质模型进行了稳态建模。CO2:CH4 = 70:30（纳土纳气田成分）的进料成分产生了最佳结果，温度为 700 °C，CH4 转化率为 92%，CO2 转化率为 28%，H2/CO 比率为 1.42，碳形成率为 7.1 mgC/gcat。该研究还发现，较高的 CO2:CH4 进料比可减少 DRM 过程中的碳形成。

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引用次数: 0

Machine learning-enabled techno-economic uncertainty analysis of sustainable aviation fuel production pathways 通过机器学习对可持续航空燃料生产途径进行技术经济不确定性分析

IF 5.5 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Chemical Engineering Journal Advances

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceja.2024.100650

Chao Wu , Yuxi Wang , Ling Tao

Stochastic techno-economic analysis (TEA) is pivotal in assessing the financial viability and risks inherent in biofuel production processes. In this method, the Monte Carlo approach entails the random sampling of input variables and multiple runs of the TEA model to create probability distributions of economic metrics. However, traditional Monte Carlo TEA, reliant on iterative calls to process simulation, is resource-intensive and time-consuming, hindering widespread adoption. To address these challenges, we present an accessible framework that harnesses machine learning methods to estimate techno-economic uncertainty in biofuel production pathways. Our approach streamlines the conventional simulation process by automating dataset generation and machine learning model training. These trained models enable rapid predictions of minimum fuel selling prices at any scale, accommodating randomized input variables based on their defined distributions. We illustrate the efficacy of our framework through examples from sustainable aviation fuel production pathways. Our research entails identifying the primary factors influencing uncertainties in minimum selling prices, exploring the synergistic effects of pathway inputs, and assessing how price variability is impacted by financial, technical, and supply chain factors. These examples underscore the framework's effectiveness in addressing breakeven price uncertainties in biofuel production across diverse input scenarios.

随机技术经济分析（TEA）在评估生物燃料生产过程的财务可行性和固有风险方面至关重要。在这种方法中，蒙特卡罗方法需要对输入变量进行随机抽样，并多次运行 TEA 模型，以创建经济指标的概率分布。然而，传统的蒙特卡罗 TEA 依赖于迭代调用流程模拟，资源密集且耗时，阻碍了其广泛应用。为了应对这些挑战，我们提出了一个利用机器学习方法估算生物燃料生产路径中技术经济不确定性的便捷框架。我们的方法通过自动生成数据集和训练机器学习模型，简化了传统的模拟过程。这些训练有素的模型能够快速预测任何规模下的最低燃料销售价格，并根据定义的分布适应随机输入变量。我们通过可持续航空燃料生产途径的实例来说明我们框架的功效。我们的研究需要确定影响最低销售价格不确定性的主要因素，探索途径输入的协同效应，并评估价格变化如何受到金融、技术和供应链因素的影响。这些例子证明了该框架在解决不同投入情景下生物燃料生产的盈亏平衡价格不确定性方面的有效性。

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引用次数: 0

Microplastics in freshwater systems: A review of classification, sources, and environmental impacts 淡水系统中的微塑料：分类、来源和环境影响综述

IF 5.5 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Chemical Engineering Journal Advances

Pub Date : 2024-09-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceja.2024.100649

K. Bexeitova , A. Baimenov , E.A. Varol , K. Kudaibergenov , U. Zhantikeyev , Y. Sailaukhanuly , K. Toshtay , Z. Tauanov , S. Azat , R. Berndtsson

The globally increasing contents of microplastics (MP) in ecosystems have become a serious environmental problem with far-reaching and at present unpredictable consequences for both aquatic life and human well-being. Until recently, most research on MP focused on marine ecosystems. Research on the occurrence of MP has lately started to focus on freshwater environments. This comprehensive and critical review examines the multifaceted problem of MP pollution in freshwater ecosystems, delving into its diverse sources, transport mechanisms, environmental impacts, detection methods, and mitigation strategies. The environmental impacts of MP pollution span a spectrum of impacts on aquatic life, food webs, and biodiversity in general. In addition, human health concerns have arisen due to potential exposures resulting from the consumption of contaminated freshwater and biological resources. The review summarizes analytical methods and technologies used to detect and quantify MP in freshwater samples, while recognizing the challenges and new innovations in this area. Mitigation and management strategies are explored, ranging from waste management and recycling initiatives to engineering solutions such as wastewater treatment and stormwater management. Legislative measures aimed at curbing MP pollution are also reviewed. Reviewed case studies highlight regional differences, and the unique challenges faced by different freshwater ecosystems. The review concludes by highlighting the urgent need for global awareness, further research, and coordinated action to address the growing problem of MP pollution in freshwater. As humanity faces this complex environmental challenge, interdisciplinary approaches, and international collaboration are essential for sustainable solutions and protection of freshwater ecosystems and health of the planet.

生态系统中的微塑料（MP）含量在全球范围内不断增加，已成为一个严重的环境问题，对水生生物和人类福祉造成了深远且目前无法预测的后果。直到最近，有关 MP 的研究大多集中在海洋生态系统。最近，有关 MP 发生的研究开始关注淡水环境。这篇全面而严谨的综述研究了淡水生态系统中 MP 污染的多方面问题，深入探讨了 MP 的各种来源、迁移机制、环境影响、检测方法和缓解策略。MP 污染对环境的影响涉及水生生物、食物网和整个生物多样性。此外，由于食用受污染的淡水和生物资源可能导致的接触，人类健康也受到了关注。本综述总结了用于检测和量化淡水样本中 MP 的分析方法和技术，同时也认识到这一领域所面临的挑战和新的创新。还探讨了缓解和管理策略，包括从废物管理和回收利用倡议到废水处理和雨水管理等工程解决方案。还回顾了旨在遏制 MP 污染的立法措施。审查的案例研究突出了地区差异以及不同淡水生态系统所面临的独特挑战。综述最后强调，迫切需要全球意识、进一步研究和协调行动，以解决日益严重的淡水多孔介质污染问题。当人类面临这一复杂的环境挑战时，跨学科方法和国际合作对于可持续的解决方案、保护淡水生态系统和地球健康至关重要。

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