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The warning effect of persistent defection strategy promotes cooperation in spatial prisoner’s dilemma game 持续叛逃策略的警告效应促进空间囚徒困境博弈中的合作
IF 5.3 1区 数学 Q1 MATHEMATICS, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2024-10-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.chaos.2024.115622
Yan Bi , Qingyi Hao , Wenjun Wu
In reality, leaders like to punish the employees who repeat mistakes in order to better manage their teams, and establish the prestige of the leaders. As the proverb goes, “kill chickens and warn monkeys”. This is also easy to promote cooperation among team members. Similarly, individuals who continuously make mistakes are less likely to be imitated by individuals around them. Motivated by those realities, based on PDG model, we propose the warning effect of persistent defection strategy evolutionary mechanism, in which discount punishment of the imitation probability is given to the player who imitates the neighbor player who continuously adopts the defection strategy. Here we set the discount punishment threshold H for the number of continuous defection strategy. If the number of continuous defection times of the imitated player reaches the threshold H, the imitating player will be given a discount punishment of imitation probability. The proposed evolutionary mechanism is more consistent with real-world situations. For instance, in the real world, people like to imitate the words and actions of their neighbors, however, when the imitated person has persistent bad behavior in the recent past, and especially when he/she is warned by the relevant department or agency, the probability of his/her words and actions being imitated decreases. Simulation and analysis show that the proposed evolutionary mechanism can better promote cooperation than the traditional PDG model. We also find that increasing the discount punishment factor α makes it easier to promote cooperation of evolutionary systems. Besides, the smaller the threshold H, the easier it is to promote cooperation of evolutionary systems. This also shows that the earlier the discount punishment factor acts on the evolutionary systems, the easier it is to promote the evolution of cooperation.
在现实生活中,领导者喜欢惩罚屡犯错误的员工,以便更好地管理团队,树立领导者的威信。俗话说,"杀鸡儆猴"。这也容易促进团队成员之间的合作。同样,不断犯错的人也不容易被周围的人模仿。基于上述现实,我们在 PDG 模型的基础上,提出了持续变节策略的警告效应演化机制,即对模仿持续采用变节策略的邻居玩家的玩家给予模仿概率的折扣惩罚。在这里,我们设定了连续叛逃策略次数的折扣惩罚阈值 H。如果被模仿者的连续变节次数达到阈值 H,模仿者将被给予模仿概率的折扣惩罚。所提出的进化机制更符合现实世界的情况。例如,在现实世界中,人们喜欢模仿身边人的言行,但当被模仿者近期有持续的不良行为,尤其是受到相关部门或机构的警告时,其言行被模仿的概率就会降低。模拟和分析表明,与传统的 PDG 模型相比,所提出的演化机制能更好地促进合作。我们还发现,增加折扣惩罚因子α更容易促进进化系统的合作。此外,阈值 H 越小,进化系统越容易促进合作。这也表明,折扣惩罚因子越早作用于进化系统,就越容易促进合作的进化。
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引用次数: 0
New aspects of black box conditional gradient: Variance reduction and one point feedback 黑箱条件梯度的新方面:方差缩小和一点反馈
IF 5.3 1区 数学 Q1 MATHEMATICS, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2024-10-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.chaos.2024.115654
Andrey Veprikov , Alexander Bogdanov , Vladislav Minashkin , Aleksandr Beznosikov
This paper deals with the black-box optimization problem. In this setup, we do not have access to the gradient of the objective function, therefore, we need to estimate it somehow. We propose a new type of approximation JAGUAR, that memorizes information from previous iterations and requires O(1) oracle calls. We implement this approximation in the Frank–Wolfe and Gradient Descent algorithms and prove the convergence of these methods with different types of zero-order oracle. Our theoretical analysis covers scenarios of non-convex, convex and PL-condition cases. Also in this paper, we consider the stochastic minimization problem on the set Q with noise in the zero-order oracle; this setup is quite unpopular in the literature, but we prove that the JAGUAR approximation is robust not only in deterministic minimization problems, but also in the stochastic case. We perform experiments to compare our gradient estimator with those already known in the literature and confirm the dominance of our methods.
本文讨论的是黑箱优化问题。在这种情况下,我们无法获得目标函数的梯度,因此需要以某种方式对其进行估计。我们提出了一种新的近似方法 JAGUAR,它能记住之前迭代的信息,并需要 O(1) 次神谕调用。我们在 Frank-Wolfe 算法和梯度下降算法中实现了这种近似方法,并证明了这些方法在不同类型的零阶神谕下的收敛性。我们的理论分析涵盖了非凸、凸和 PL 条件的情况。在本文中,我们还考虑了在零阶甲骨文中存在噪声的集合 Q 上的随机最小化问题;这种设置在文献中并不常见,但我们证明了 JAGUAR 近似不仅在确定性最小化问题中是稳健的,而且在随机情况下也是稳健的。我们进行了实验,将我们的梯度估计器与文献中已知的梯度估计器进行了比较,并证实了我们方法的优势。
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引用次数: 0
Chaotic self-oscillation of liquid crystal elastomer double-line pendulum under a linear temperature field 线性温度场下液晶弹性体双线摆的混沌自振荡
IF 5.3 1区 数学 Q1 MATHEMATICS, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2024-10-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.chaos.2024.115653
Xin Sun, Dali Ge, Kai Li, Peibao Xu
Chaotic self-oscillation systems are prevalent in nature and hold promise for applications in soft robotics, energy harvesting and medical equipment. Nevertheless, current research on chaotic motion systems remains insufficient. This paper introduces an innovative chaotic self-oscillation system under a linear temperature field, comprising two liquid crystal elastomer (LCE) fibers and a mass ball. Unlike traditional single pendulum systems, the present double-line pendulum system not only realizes chaotic self-oscillation due to the non-synchronous characteristics of two LCE fibers contraction and expansion, but also provides a new theoretical framework and mechanism. To better understand the self-oscillation behavior of the system, the nonlinear dynamic model is established by combining the linear temperature field model and the dynamic principle. Numerical calculations indicate that the system exhibits two typical self-oscillation modes: periodic self-oscillation and chaotic self-oscillation. By analyzing the work done by various forces on the mass ball, the mechanisms underlying periodic self-oscillation and chaotic self-oscillation are elucidated. Furthermore, a detailed study is conducted on the effect of key system parameters on self-oscillation behavior. The conversion of self-oscillation mode can be realized by adjusting the system parameters. It is further proved by an experiment that the system can generate chaotic self-oscillation under the linear temperature field. The research results broaden the understanding of the motion properties of active materials and extend the scope of pendulum studies, thereby helping to advance technology in the fields of sensing and actuation, controllers, biomimetic mechanics and nonlinear oscillation.
混沌自振荡系统在自然界非常普遍,有望应用于软机器人、能量收集和医疗设备。然而,目前对混沌运动系统的研究仍然不足。本文介绍了一种线性温度场下的创新混沌自振荡系统,该系统由两根液晶弹性纤维和一个质量球组成。与传统的单摆系统不同,本双线摆系统不仅实现了两根液晶弹性体纤维收缩和膨胀的非同步特性所导致的混沌自振荡,而且提供了一种新的理论框架和机制。为了更好地理解系统的自振荡行为,结合线性温度场模型和动力学原理,建立了非线性动力学模型。数值计算表明,系统表现出两种典型的自振荡模式:周期性自振荡和混沌自振荡。通过分析各种力对质量球所做的功,阐明了周期性自振和混沌自振的内在机理。此外,还详细研究了关键系统参数对自振行为的影响。通过调整系统参数,可以实现自振模式的转换。实验进一步证明,在线性温度场下,系统可以产生混沌自振荡。该研究成果拓宽了对活性材料运动特性的认识,扩大了摆锤研究的范围,从而有助于推动传感与致动、控制器、仿生力学和非线性振荡领域的技术进步。
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引用次数: 0
Nonlinear harmonic resonant behaviors and bifurcation in a Two Degree-of-Freedom Duffing oscillator coupled system of Tension Leg Platform type Floating Offshore Wind Turbine 张力腿平台型浮式海上风力涡轮机两自由度达芬振荡器耦合系统中的非线性谐波共振行为和分岔
IF 5.3 1区 数学 Q1 MATHEMATICS, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2024-10-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.chaos.2024.115656
Ouming Su , Yan Li , Guoyan Li , Yiwen Cui , Haoran Li , Bin Wang , Hang Meng , Yaolong Li , Jinfeng Liang
The surge-heave coupled motion model of a Tension Leg Platform type Floating Offshore Wind Turbine (TLP FOWT) is first established. By taking the tendons stretching and platform set-down motion into consideration, the nonlinear model is a Duffing oscillator coupled system. We analyze the nonlinear feature in the surge-heave coupled motions by the semi-analytical algorithms in nonlinear dynamics. The harmonic balance method is applied to obtain the analytical solutions of the nonlinear system under wind and wave excitations. The analytical solution verifies the excellent accuracy. To further achieve the heave motion response, we organize the bifurcation analysis and discuss the effects of the dynamic parameters on the heave responses. The results reveal the multi components of heave motion, which consist of constant, primary harmonic resonate and higher order harmonic resonate. In addition, the change of dynamic parameters has various effects on the response. The increment of wave load leads to the expansion of heave response, and an instantaneous expansion appear. Both linear surge and heave damping only affect the amplitudes of heave motion. The nonlinear surge stiffness and heave stiffness can barely affect the primary harmonic resonance amplitudes, but they present different effects on the higher order harmonic resonance component.
首先建立了张力腿平台型浮式海上风力涡轮机(TLP FOWT)的涌浪-波浪耦合运动模型。考虑到缆索拉伸和平台下降运动,该非线性模型是一个达芬振荡器耦合系统。我们利用非线性动力学的半解析算法分析了涌浪-起伏耦合运动的非线性特征。应用谐波平衡法获得了风浪激励下非线性系统的解析解。分析解验证了其出色的准确性。为了进一步实现波浪运动响应,我们组织了分岔分析,并讨论了动力学参数对波浪响应的影响。结果表明,波浪运动有多种成分,包括常量、一次谐波共振和高阶谐波共振。此外,动态参数的变化对响应也有不同的影响。波浪载荷的增加会导致波浪响应的扩展,并出现瞬时扩展。线性涌浪和波浪阻尼都只影响波浪运动的振幅。非线性涌浪刚度和波浪刚度几乎不会影响主谐波共振振幅,但它们对高阶谐波共振分量产生了不同的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Dynamical effects of low-frequency and high-frequency current stimuli in a memristive Morris–Lecar neuron model 记忆性莫里斯-勒卡神经元模型中低频和高频电流刺激的动态效应
IF 5.3 1区 数学 Q1 MATHEMATICS, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2024-10-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.chaos.2024.115646
Quan Xu, Kai Wang, Chengtao Feng, Weiwei Fan, Ning Wang
This paper deduces that the potassium and calcium ion currents in the two-dimensional (2D) Morris–Lecar neuron model can be respectively characterized by a passive memristor and a locally active memristor. Then a memristive Morris–Lecar neuron model with an equivalent circuit scheme is first constructed. The equilibrium trajectory and its stability are analyzed, which displays fold and Hopf bifurcations with proper model parameters. Bursting behavior and mixed-mode oscillations with after-depolarizing potential for low-frequency current stimulus are numerically disclosed. Besides, the bifurcation mechanisms for bursting behavior and mixed-mode oscillations are theoretically deduced. Furthermore, the firing patterns and antimonotonicity phenomenon for high-frequency current stimulus are numerically discovered. This study provides a new concept for building memristive bionic circuits from neuron models with well-defined ion channel currents.
本文推导出二维(2D)Morris-Lecar 神经元模型中的钾离子和钙离子电流可分别用无源忆阻器和局部有源忆阻器来表征。然后,首先构建了具有等效电路方案的忆阻器莫里斯-勒卡神经元模型。分析了该模型的平衡轨迹及其稳定性,发现在模型参数适当的情况下,会出现折叠和霍普夫分岔。数值显示了在低频电流刺激下的爆发行为和带去极化后电位的混合模式振荡。此外,还从理论上推导出了猝发行为和混合模式振荡的分岔机制。此外,还从数值上发现了高频电流刺激下的点火模式和反单调现象。这项研究为从具有明确离子通道电流的神经元模型构建记忆仿生电路提供了一个新概念。
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引用次数: 0
Community detection in directed networks based on network embeddings 基于网络嵌入的有向网络中的社群检测
IF 5.3 1区 数学 Q1 MATHEMATICS, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2024-10-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.chaos.2024.115630
Guihai Yu , Yang Jiao , Matthias Dehmer , Frank Emmert-Streib
In real-world scenarios, many systems can be represented using directed networks. Community detection is a foundational task in the study of complex networks, providing a method for researching and understanding the topological structure, physical significance, and functional behavior of networks. By utilizing network embedding techniques, we can effectively convert network structure and additional information into node vector representations while preserving the original network structure and properties, solving the problem of insufficient network representations. Compared with undirected networks, directed networks are more complex. When conducting community detection on directed networks, the biggest challenge is how to combine the directional and asymmetric characteristics of edges. This article combines network embedding with community detection, utilizing the cosine similarity between node embedding vectors, and combining the ComDBNSQ algorithm to achieve non overlapping community partitioning of directed networks. To evaluate the effectiveness of the algorithm, we conduct experiments using both artificial and real data sets. The numerical results indicate that the algorithm outperforms the comparison algorithms (Girvan–Newman algorithm and Label Propagation algorithm) in terms of modularity, and can perform high-quality directed network community detection.
在现实世界中,许多系统都可以用有向网络来表示。群落检测是复杂网络研究中的一项基础性工作,它为研究和理解网络的拓扑结构、物理意义和功能行为提供了一种方法。利用网络嵌入技术,我们可以在保留原有网络结构和属性的基础上,有效地将网络结构和附加信息转化为节点向量表示,从而解决网络表示不足的问题。与无向网络相比,有向网络更为复杂。在有向网络上进行社群检测时,如何结合边的方向性和非对称性特征是最大的挑战。本文将网络嵌入与社群检测相结合,利用节点嵌入向量之间的余弦相似性,结合 ComDBNSQ 算法,实现了有向网络的非重叠社群划分。为了评估该算法的有效性,我们使用人工数据集和真实数据集进行了实验。数值结果表明,该算法在模块性方面优于比较算法(Girvan-Newman 算法和标签传播算法),并能进行高质量的有向网络社区检测。
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引用次数: 0
A fast matrix autoregression algorithm based on Tucker decomposition for online prediction of nonlinear real-time taxi-hailing demand without pre-training 基于塔克分解的快速矩阵自回归算法,无需预训练即可在线预测非线性实时打车需求
IF 5.3 1区 数学 Q1 MATHEMATICS, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2024-10-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.chaos.2024.115660
Zhihao Xu, Zhiqiang Lv, Benjia Chu, Jianbo Li
Online prediction of real-time taxi-hailing demand generally provides better real-time decision support for passengers and taxi drivers compared with offline prediction. Current studies focused on using deep spatial-temporal models to predict complex nonlinear taxi-hailing demand. However, whether these models can be used for online prediction of real-time taxi-hailing demand through online training or offline pre-training is hardly discussed. Generally, deep models are not lightweight enough for online training, and pre-training these models requires some time and computational resources. Therefore, a lightweight Fast Matrix Autoregression algorithm based on Tucker Decomposition (FMAR-TD) is proposed for online real-time training and prediction of nonlinear taxi-hailing demand without pre-training. The experimental results show that FMAR-TD achieves millisecond-level online prediction of real-time taxi-hailing demand. Compared with baselines, the Mean Absolute Error (MAE) and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of FMAR-TD marginally increase by 2.51 % and 2.56 %, while the computation time (sum of training time and prediction time) significantly reduces by 86.16 %. Open-source link: https://github.com/qdu318/FMAR-TD.
与离线预测相比,实时打车需求的在线预测通常能为乘客和出租车司机提供更好的实时决策支持。目前的研究侧重于使用深度时空模型来预测复杂的非线性打车需求。然而,这些模型是否可以通过在线训练或离线预训练用于实时打车需求的在线预测,目前几乎没有讨论。一般来说,深度模型不够轻量级,不适合在线训练,而且预训练这些模型需要一定的时间和计算资源。因此,本文提出了一种基于塔克分解的轻量级快速矩阵自回归算法(FMAR-TD),用于非线性打车需求的在线实时训练和预测,无需预训练。实验结果表明,FMAR-TD 实现了毫秒级的实时打车需求在线预测。与基线相比,FMAR-TD 的平均绝对误差(MAE)和均方根误差(RMSE)略微增加了 2.51 % 和 2.56 %,而计算时间(训练时间与预测时间之和)则大幅减少了 86.16 %。开源链接:https://github.com/qdu318/FMAR-TD。
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引用次数: 0
A network method to analyze compound extreme events: Risk enhancement relationship and trigger causal relationship in high voice traffic and high data throughput events 分析复合极端事件的网络方法:高语音流量和高数据吞吐量事件中的风险增强关系和触发因果关系
IF 5.3 1区 数学 Q1 MATHEMATICS, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2024-10-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.chaos.2024.115661
Li-Na Wang , Hao-Ran Liu , Yu-Wen Huang , Chen-Rui Zang , Jun Wang
Based on ideas from event coincidence analysis (ECA), we propose a network analysis method to study compound extreme events at different geographical locations. Integrating network modeling into statistical correlation research allows us to analyze potential risk enhancement relationship and trigger causal relationship between these events. In this approach, we consider different geographical locations as nodes and construct a directed edge from node i to node j when event A at location i occurs synchronously before event B at location j. Precursor coincidence analysis quantifies the risk enhancement relationship between two types of extreme events, while trigger coincidence analysis quantifies the trigger causal relationship between two types of extreme events. A directed weighted network can be constructed based on statistical correlations between these events at different geographical locations. Further analysis of network topology characteristics extends traditional ECA in method and application. Herein, we construct the precursor functional network and the trigger functional network of high voice traffic and high data throughput to analyze potential risk enhancement and trigger causal relationships between these events at different base stations within a communication system.
基于事件巧合分析(ECA)的思想,我们提出了一种网络分析方法来研究不同地理位置的复合极端事件。将网络模型与统计相关性研究相结合,可以分析这些事件之间潜在的风险增强关系和触发因果关系。在这种方法中,我们将不同的地理位置视为节点,当节点 i 处的事件 A 同步发生在节点 j 处的事件 B 之前时,构建一条从节点 i 到节点 j 的有向边。前兆重合分析量化了两类极端事件之间的风险增强关系,而触发重合分析则量化了两类极端事件之间的触发因果关系。根据这些事件在不同地理位置的统计相关性,可以构建一个有向加权网络。对网络拓扑特征的进一步分析扩展了传统 ECA 的方法和应用。在此,我们构建了高语音流量和高数据吞吐量的前兆功能网络和触发功能网络,以分析通信系统中不同基站的潜在风险增强和这些事件之间的触发因果关系。
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引用次数: 0
Shock waves and adiabatic trapping in relativistic quantum degenerate plasmas: Exploring periodic, quasiperiodic and chaotic behavior 相对论量子退化等离子体中的冲击波和绝热捕获:探索周期、准周期和混沌行为
IF 5.3 1区 数学 Q1 MATHEMATICS, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2024-10-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.chaos.2024.115651
Zeeshan Iqbal , H.A. Shah , M.N.S. Qureshi , Eihab M. Abdel-Rahman
Ion acoustic shock waves are investigated in relativistic quantum degenerate plasmas, which are characterized by their ultra-high densities. Our investigation employs a nonlinear equation that has a 3/2 order fractional power. We investigate the intricate interplay between the adiabatically trapped electrons and the shock front by employing phase portrait analysis of a planar dynamical system that has not been considered earlier. This exploration allows us to understand the effects of various controlling parameters on the shock profile, steepness, and associated dynamics. An external periodic force is introduced in the current mathematical model to investigate the quasiperiodic and chaotic behavior of the system. Additionally, Poincaré sections, Fast Fourier Transformations, bifurcation analysis, and sensitivity analysis are performed to reveal the quasiperiodic and chaotic nature of the attractor of the nonlinear dynamical system. It is observed that the commensurable and incommensurable characteristics of the natural frequency and external periodic force frequency of the system play a significant role in the system's quasiperiodic and chaotic behavior. The findings not only deepen our understanding of shock waves in relativistic quantum degenerate plasmas but also have broader implications for various applications in astrophysics and nonlinear dynamics. This work also highlights the quasiperiodic and chaotic behavior of the system as the external periodic force varies by considering the commensurability of the system's frequencies.
我们研究了相对论量子退化等离子体中的离子声冲击波,这种等离子体的特点是密度超高。我们的研究采用了一个具有 3/2 阶分数幂的非线性方程。通过对平面动力学系统进行相位肖像分析,我们研究了绝热被困电子和冲击前沿之间错综复杂的相互作用,而这在之前的研究中还没有考虑过。这种探索使我们能够理解各种控制参数对冲击轮廓、陡度和相关动力学的影响。当前的数学模型引入了外部周期力,以研究系统的准周期和混沌行为。此外,还进行了波恩卡列截面、快速傅立叶变换、分岔分析和敏感性分析,以揭示非线性动力系统吸引子的准周期和混沌性质。研究发现,系统的固有频率和外部周期力频率的可通约性和不可通约性特征在系统的准周期和混沌行为中起着重要作用。这些发现不仅加深了我们对相对论量子退化等离子体中冲击波的理解,而且对天体物理学和非线性动力学的各种应用具有更广泛的意义。这项工作还通过考虑系统频率的可比性,强调了系统在外部周期力变化时的准周期和混沌行为。
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引用次数: 0
Entanglement between indirectly coupled modes in a coupled opto-magnomechanical system 耦合光磁机械系统中间接耦合模式之间的纠缠
IF 5.3 1区 数学 Q1 MATHEMATICS, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2024-10-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.chaos.2024.115629
Xi-Yao Ma, Hong-Jie Du, Guo-Zhu Song, Jin-Liang Guo
In this paper, based on the mechanism of entanglement transfer, we propose and analyze several schemes for generating entanglement between indirectly coupled modes in an opto-magnomechanical system coupled with an additional auxiliary cavity. We mainly focus on understanding how the entanglement originating from optomechanical or magnomechanical entanglement sources distributes to the indirectly coupled subsystems. By comparing the efficiency of entanglement transfer under weak and strong optomechanical or magnomechanical couplings, we find strong couplings lead to more abundant indirect entanglement. Compared with other cases, optomechanical entanglement source can result in the strongest indirect entanglement. Meanwhile, the robustness of the indirect entanglement against the environmental temperature and the preparation of genuine tripartite entanglement for the indirectly coupled modes are also taken into account.
本文基于纠缠转移机制,提出并分析了几种方案,用于在与附加辅助腔耦合的光磁机械系统中产生间接耦合模式之间的纠缠。我们主要侧重于了解源自光机械或磁机械纠缠源的纠缠如何分布到间接耦合子系统。通过比较弱光机械或磁机械耦合和强光机械或磁机械耦合下的纠缠传递效率,我们发现强耦合会导致更丰富的间接纠缠。与其他情况相比,光机械纠缠源可以产生最强的间接纠缠。同时,我们还考虑了间接纠缠对环境温度的鲁棒性以及间接耦合模式的真正三方纠缠的制备。
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引用次数: 0
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Chaos Solitons & Fractals
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