There is growing interest in the integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) to extend the 5G+/6G network capabilities by introducing sensing capability. While the solutions for mono-static or bi-static ISAC have shown feasibility and benefits based on existing 5G physical layer design, whether and how to coordinate multiple ISAC devices to better exert networking performance are rarely discussed. 3 rd Partnership Project (3GPP) has initiated the ISAC use cases study, and the follow-up studies for network architecture could be anticipated. In this article, we focus on gNB-based sensing mode and propose ISAC functional framework with given of highlevel service procedures to enable cellular based ISAC services. In the proposed ISAC framework, three types of network functions for sensing service as Sensing Function (SF), lightweight-Edge Sensing Function (ESF) and full-version-ESF are designed with interaction with network nodes to fulfill the latency requirements of ISAC use cases. Finally, with simulation evaluations and hardware testbed results, we further verify the performance benefit and feasibility to enable ISAC in 5G for the gNB-based sensing mode with new design on SF and related signaling protocols.
{"title":"Architecture for cellular enabled integrated communication and sensing services","authors":"Bo Liu, Qixun Zhang, Zheng Jiang, Dongsheng Xue, Chenlong Xu, Bowen Wang, Xiaoming She, Jinlin Peng","doi":"10.23919/jcc.fa.2023-0155.202309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/jcc.fa.2023-0155.202309","url":null,"abstract":"There is growing interest in the integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) to extend the 5G+/6G network capabilities by introducing sensing capability. While the solutions for mono-static or bi-static ISAC have shown feasibility and benefits based on existing 5G physical layer design, whether and how to coordinate multiple ISAC devices to better exert networking performance are rarely discussed. 3 <sup xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">rd</sup> Partnership Project (3GPP) has initiated the ISAC use cases study, and the follow-up studies for network architecture could be anticipated. In this article, we focus on gNB-based sensing mode and propose ISAC functional framework with given of highlevel service procedures to enable cellular based ISAC services. In the proposed ISAC framework, three types of network functions for sensing service as Sensing Function (SF), lightweight-Edge Sensing Function (ESF) and full-version-ESF are designed with interaction with network nodes to fulfill the latency requirements of ISAC use cases. Finally, with simulation evaluations and hardware testbed results, we further verify the performance benefit and feasibility to enable ISAC in 5G for the gNB-based sensing mode with new design on SF and related signaling protocols.","PeriodicalId":9814,"journal":{"name":"China Communications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135299503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.23919/JCC.ea.2022-0185.202302
Huan Zhang, Junhui Zhao, Lihua Yang, Ziyang Zhang
Mobile edge computing (MEC) provides services to devices and reduces latency in cellular internet of things (IoT) networks. However, the challenging problem is how to deploy MEC servers economically and efficiently. This paper investigates the deployment problem of MEC servers of the real-world road network by employing an improved genetic algorithm (GA) scheme. We first use the threshold-based K-means algorithm to form vehicle clusters according to their locations. We then select base stations (BSs) based on clustering center coordinates as the deployment locations set for potential MEC servers. We further select BSs using a combined simulated annealing (SA) algorithm and GA to minimize the deployment cost. The simulation results show that the improved GA deploys MEC servers effectively. In addition, the proposed algorithm outperforms GA and SA algorithms in terms of convergence speed and solution quality.
{"title":"Mobile edge computing servers deployment with improved genetic algorithm in cellular Internet of Things","authors":"Huan Zhang, Junhui Zhao, Lihua Yang, Ziyang Zhang","doi":"10.23919/JCC.ea.2022-0185.202302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/JCC.ea.2022-0185.202302","url":null,"abstract":"Mobile edge computing (MEC) provides services to devices and reduces latency in cellular internet of things (IoT) networks. However, the challenging problem is how to deploy MEC servers economically and efficiently. This paper investigates the deployment problem of MEC servers of the real-world road network by employing an improved genetic algorithm (GA) scheme. We first use the threshold-based K-means algorithm to form vehicle clusters according to their locations. We then select base stations (BSs) based on clustering center coordinates as the deployment locations set for potential MEC servers. We further select BSs using a combined simulated annealing (SA) algorithm and GA to minimize the deployment cost. The simulation results show that the improved GA deploys MEC servers effectively. In addition, the proposed algorithm outperforms GA and SA algorithms in terms of convergence speed and solution quality.","PeriodicalId":9814,"journal":{"name":"China Communications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46700628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
By multiplexing information symbols in the delay-Doppler (DD) domain, orthogonal time frequency space (OTFS) is a promising candidate for future wireless communication in high-mobility scenarios. In addition to the superior communication performance, OTFS is also a natural choice for radar sensing since the primary parameters (range and velocity of targets) in radar signal processing can be inferred directly from the delay and Doppler shifts. Though there are several works on OTFS radar sensing, most of them consider the integer parameter estimation only, while the delay and Doppler shifts are usually fractional in the real world. In this paper, we propose a two-step method to estimate the fractional delay and Doppler shifts. We first perform the two-dimensional (2D) correlation between the received and transmitted DD domain symbols to obtain the integer parts of the parameters. Then a difference-based method is implemented to estimate the fractional parts of delay and Doppler indices. Meanwhile, we implement a target detection method based on a generalized likelihood ratio test since the number of potential targets in the sensing scenario is usually unknown. The simulation results show that the proposed method can obtain the delay and Doppler shifts accurately and get the number of sensing targets with a high detection probability.
{"title":"Radar sensing via OTFS signaling","authors":"Kecheng Zhang, Zhongjie Li, Weijie Yuan, Yunlong Cai, Feifei Gao","doi":"10.23919/jcc.fa.2023-0060.202309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/jcc.fa.2023-0060.202309","url":null,"abstract":"By multiplexing information symbols in the delay-Doppler (DD) domain, orthogonal time frequency space (OTFS) is a promising candidate for future wireless communication in high-mobility scenarios. In addition to the superior communication performance, OTFS is also a natural choice for radar sensing since the primary parameters (range and velocity of targets) in radar signal processing can be inferred directly from the delay and Doppler shifts. Though there are several works on OTFS radar sensing, most of them consider the integer parameter estimation only, while the delay and Doppler shifts are usually fractional in the real world. In this paper, we propose a two-step method to estimate the fractional delay and Doppler shifts. We first perform the two-dimensional (2D) correlation between the received and transmitted DD domain symbols to obtain the integer parts of the parameters. Then a difference-based method is implemented to estimate the fractional parts of delay and Doppler indices. Meanwhile, we implement a target detection method based on a generalized likelihood ratio test since the number of potential targets in the sensing scenario is usually unknown. The simulation results show that the proposed method can obtain the delay and Doppler shifts accurately and get the number of sensing targets with a high detection probability.","PeriodicalId":9814,"journal":{"name":"China Communications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135890164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.23919/JCC.2023.00.100
Zhanxian Liu, Wei Li, Lei Sun, W. Li, Jianquan Wang, Haijun Zhang
Belief propagation (BP) decoding outputs soft information and can be naturally used in iterative receivers. BP list (BPL) decoding provides comparable error-correction performance to the successive cancellation list (SCL) decoding. In this paper, we firstly introduce an enhanced code construction scheme for BPL decoding to improve its error-correction capability. Then, a GPU-based BPL decoder with adoption of the new code construction is presented. Finally, the proposed BPL decoder is tested on NVIDIA RTX3070 and GTX1060. Experimental results show that the presented BPL decoder with early termination criterion achieves above 1 Gbps throughput on RTX3070 for the code (1024, 512) with 32 lists under good channel conditions.
{"title":"Belief propagation list decoding for polar codes: Performance analysis and software implementation on GPU","authors":"Zhanxian Liu, Wei Li, Lei Sun, W. Li, Jianquan Wang, Haijun Zhang","doi":"10.23919/JCC.2023.00.100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/JCC.2023.00.100","url":null,"abstract":"Belief propagation (BP) decoding outputs soft information and can be naturally used in iterative receivers. BP list (BPL) decoding provides comparable error-correction performance to the successive cancellation list (SCL) decoding. In this paper, we firstly introduce an enhanced code construction scheme for BPL decoding to improve its error-correction capability. Then, a GPU-based BPL decoder with adoption of the new code construction is presented. Finally, the proposed BPL decoder is tested on NVIDIA RTX3070 and GTX1060. Experimental results show that the presented BPL decoder with early termination criterion achieves above 1 Gbps throughput on RTX3070 for the code (1024, 512) with 32 lists under good channel conditions.","PeriodicalId":9814,"journal":{"name":"China Communications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42657605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To solve the contradiction between limited spectrum resources and increasing communication demand, this paper proposes a wireless resource allocation scheme based on the Deep Q Network (DQN) to allocate radio resources in a downlink multi-user cognitive radio (CR) network with slicing. Secondary users (SUs) are multiplexed using non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA). The SUs use the hybrid spectrum access mode to improve the spectral efficiency (SE). Considering the demand for multiple services, the enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) slice and ultrareliable low-latency communication (URLLC) slice were established. The proposed scheme can maximize the SE while ensuring Quality of Service (QoS) for the users. This study established a mapping relationship between resource allocation and the DQN algorithm in the CR-NOMA network. According to the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) of the primary users (PUs), the proposed scheme can output the optimal channel selection and power allocation. The simulation results reveal that the proposed scheme can converge faster and obtain higher rewards compared with the Q-Learning scheme. Additionally, the proposed scheme has better SE than both the overlay and underlay only modes.
{"title":"Downlink resource allocation for NOMA-based hybrid spectrum access in cognitive network","authors":"Yong Zhang, Zhenjie Cheng, Da Guo, Siyu Yuan, Tengteng Ma, Zhenyu Zhang","doi":"10.23919/JCC.ea.2021-0156.202302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/JCC.ea.2021-0156.202302","url":null,"abstract":"To solve the contradiction between limited spectrum resources and increasing communication demand, this paper proposes a wireless resource allocation scheme based on the Deep Q Network (DQN) to allocate radio resources in a downlink multi-user cognitive radio (CR) network with slicing. Secondary users (SUs) are multiplexed using non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA). The SUs use the hybrid spectrum access mode to improve the spectral efficiency (SE). Considering the demand for multiple services, the enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) slice and ultrareliable low-latency communication (URLLC) slice were established. The proposed scheme can maximize the SE while ensuring Quality of Service (QoS) for the users. This study established a mapping relationship between resource allocation and the DQN algorithm in the CR-NOMA network. According to the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) of the primary users (PUs), the proposed scheme can output the optimal channel selection and power allocation. The simulation results reveal that the proposed scheme can converge faster and obtain higher rewards compared with the Q-Learning scheme. Additionally, the proposed scheme has better SE than both the overlay and underlay only modes.","PeriodicalId":9814,"journal":{"name":"China Communications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48420439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.23919/JCC.ea.2021-0219.202302
Y. Li, Mingchen Gao, Xin Xu, Guang Zheng, H. Qiao, Xinming Ma, Ping Dong
In order to enhance the area throughput of next generation wireless local area network (WLAN) in high density scenarios, orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) has been adopted as one of the key technologies in the next generation WLAN communication standards. However, the performance of the existing media access control (MAC) degrades significantly under unsaturated services. Therefore, this paper proposes a multi-user parallel contention channel MAC (MU-MAC) based on unsaturated services, which can effectively reduce the channel access conflict and improve the OFDMA access efficiency of cluster member nodes. On this basis, MU-MAC is enhanced for the spatial clustering group (SCG) formation protocol and support for the unsaturated service characteristics. Further, the optimal access radius when the service is in a non-saturated state is analyzed to make the relevant theoretical analysis more generally, and the expressions for the throughput and area throughput of the proposed protocol are modeled and derived. The simulation results verify the correctness of the theoretical analysis and the efficiency of the protocol performance. The results show that MU-MAC outperforms IEEE 802.11ax and OMAX protocol in area throughput by 40.72% and 104.15%, respectively.
{"title":"Multiusers parallel competitive channel protocol based on unsaturated service","authors":"Y. Li, Mingchen Gao, Xin Xu, Guang Zheng, H. Qiao, Xinming Ma, Ping Dong","doi":"10.23919/JCC.ea.2021-0219.202302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/JCC.ea.2021-0219.202302","url":null,"abstract":"In order to enhance the area throughput of next generation wireless local area network (WLAN) in high density scenarios, orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) has been adopted as one of the key technologies in the next generation WLAN communication standards. However, the performance of the existing media access control (MAC) degrades significantly under unsaturated services. Therefore, this paper proposes a multi-user parallel contention channel MAC (MU-MAC) based on unsaturated services, which can effectively reduce the channel access conflict and improve the OFDMA access efficiency of cluster member nodes. On this basis, MU-MAC is enhanced for the spatial clustering group (SCG) formation protocol and support for the unsaturated service characteristics. Further, the optimal access radius when the service is in a non-saturated state is analyzed to make the relevant theoretical analysis more generally, and the expressions for the throughput and area throughput of the proposed protocol are modeled and derived. The simulation results verify the correctness of the theoretical analysis and the efficiency of the protocol performance. The results show that MU-MAC outperforms IEEE 802.11ax and OMAX protocol in area throughput by 40.72% and 104.15%, respectively.","PeriodicalId":9814,"journal":{"name":"China Communications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48668321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Connected autonomous vehicles (CAVs) are a promising paradigm for implementing intelligent transportation systems. However, in CAVs scenarios, the sensing blind areas cause serious safety hazards. Existing vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) technology is difficult to break through the sensing blind area and ensure reliable sensing information. To overcome these problems, considering infrastructures as a means to extend the sensing range is feasible based on the integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) technology. The mmWave base station (mmBS) transmits multiple beams consisting of communication beams and sensing beams. The sensing beams are responsible for sensing objects within the CAVs blind area, while the communication beams are responsible for transmitting the sensed information to the CAVs. To reduce the impact of inter-beam interference, a joint multiple beamwidth and power allocation (JMBPA) algorithm is proposed. By maximizing the communication transmission rate under the sensing constraints. The proposed non-convex optimization problem is transformed into a standard difference of two convex functions (D.C.) problem. Finally, the superiority of the proposed JMBPA algorithm is verified by iterative solutions. The average transmission rate of communication beams remains over 3.4 Gbps, showcasing a significant improvement compared to other algorithms. Moreover, the satisfaction of sensing services remains steady.
{"title":"Integrated sensing and communication enabled multiple beamwidth and power allocation for connected automated vehicles","authors":"Shengnan Liu, Qianyi Hao, Qixun Zhang, Jiaxiang Liu, Zheng Jiang","doi":"10.23919/jcc.fa.2023-0144.202309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/jcc.fa.2023-0144.202309","url":null,"abstract":"Connected autonomous vehicles (CAVs) are a promising paradigm for implementing intelligent transportation systems. However, in CAVs scenarios, the sensing blind areas cause serious safety hazards. Existing vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) technology is difficult to break through the sensing blind area and ensure reliable sensing information. To overcome these problems, considering infrastructures as a means to extend the sensing range is feasible based on the integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) technology. The mmWave base station (mmBS) transmits multiple beams consisting of communication beams and sensing beams. The sensing beams are responsible for sensing objects within the CAVs blind area, while the communication beams are responsible for transmitting the sensed information to the CAVs. To reduce the impact of inter-beam interference, a joint multiple beamwidth and power allocation (JMBPA) algorithm is proposed. By maximizing the communication transmission rate under the sensing constraints. The proposed non-convex optimization problem is transformed into a standard difference of two convex functions (D.C.) problem. Finally, the superiority of the proposed JMBPA algorithm is verified by iterative solutions. The average transmission rate of communication beams remains over 3.4 Gbps, showcasing a significant improvement compared to other algorithms. Moreover, the satisfaction of sensing services remains steady.","PeriodicalId":9814,"journal":{"name":"China Communications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135299507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.23919/jcc.fa.2023-0047.202309
Shanshan Ma, Bingpeng Zhou
In this paper, joint location and velocity estimation (JLVE) of vehicular terminals for 6G integrated communication and sensing (ICAS) is studied. We aim to provide a unified performance analysis framework for ICAS-based JLVE, which is challenging due to random fading, multipath interference, and complexly coupled system models, and thus the impact of channel fading and multipath interference on JLVE performance is not fully understood. To address this challenge, we exploit structured information models of the JLVE problem to render tractable performance quantification. Firstly, an individual closed-form Cramer-Rao lower bound for vehicular localization, velocity detection and channel estimation, respectively, is established for gaining insights into performance limits of ICAS-based JLVE. Secondly, the impact of system resource factors and fading environments, e.g., system bandwidth, the number of subcarriers, carrier frequency, antenna array size, transmission distance, spatial channel correlation, channel covariance, the number of interference paths and noise power, on the JLVE performance is theoretically analyzed. The associated closed-form JLVE performance analysis can not only provide theoretical foundations for ICAS receiver design but also provide a performance benchmark for various JLVE methods.
{"title":"Asymptotic performance limits of vehicular location and velocity detection towards 6G mmWave integrated communication and sensing","authors":"Shanshan Ma, Bingpeng Zhou","doi":"10.23919/jcc.fa.2023-0047.202309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/jcc.fa.2023-0047.202309","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, joint location and velocity estimation (JLVE) of vehicular terminals for 6G integrated communication and sensing (ICAS) is studied. We aim to provide a unified performance analysis framework for ICAS-based JLVE, which is challenging due to random fading, multipath interference, and complexly coupled system models, and thus the impact of channel fading and multipath interference on JLVE performance is not fully understood. To address this challenge, we exploit structured information models of the JLVE problem to render tractable performance quantification. Firstly, an individual closed-form Cramer-Rao lower bound for vehicular localization, velocity detection and channel estimation, respectively, is established for gaining insights into performance limits of ICAS-based JLVE. Secondly, the impact of system resource factors and fading environments, e.g., system bandwidth, the number of subcarriers, carrier frequency, antenna array size, transmission distance, spatial channel correlation, channel covariance, the number of interference paths and noise power, on the JLVE performance is theoretically analyzed. The associated closed-form JLVE performance analysis can not only provide theoretical foundations for ICAS receiver design but also provide a performance benchmark for various JLVE methods.","PeriodicalId":9814,"journal":{"name":"China Communications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135299502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.23919/jcc.fa.2021-0167.202309
S. B. M. Priya
In this paper, we have modeled a linear precoder for indoor multiuser multiple input multiple output (MU-MIMO) system with imperfect channel state information (CSI) at transmitter. The Rician channel is presumed to be mutually coupled and spatially, temporarily correlated. The imperfection with CSI is primarily due to the channel estimation error at receiver and feedback delay amidst the receiver and transmitter in CSI transmission. Along with, the insufficient spacing between the antenna at transmitter and receiver persuades mutual coupling (MC) among the array elements. In addition, the MIMO channel is presumed to be jointly correlated (Weichselberger correlation model). When we look back on the existing precoder design, it considered spatial correlation alone disregarding joint correlation of antenna array elements. With all above assumption, we have designed a linear precoder which minimizes mean squared error (MSE) subjected to total transmit power constraint for MU-MIMO system. The simulation results proven that proposed precoder shows substantial enhancement in bit error rate (BER) performance in comparison with the existing technique. The mathematical analysis corroborates the simulation results.
{"title":"Linear precoder design for correlated rician fading channel under imperfect CSI","authors":"S. B. M. Priya","doi":"10.23919/jcc.fa.2021-0167.202309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/jcc.fa.2021-0167.202309","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we have modeled a linear precoder for indoor multiuser multiple input multiple output (MU-MIMO) system with imperfect channel state information (CSI) at transmitter. The Rician channel is presumed to be mutually coupled and spatially, temporarily correlated. The imperfection with CSI is primarily due to the channel estimation error at receiver and feedback delay amidst the receiver and transmitter in CSI transmission. Along with, the insufficient spacing between the antenna at transmitter and receiver persuades mutual coupling (MC) among the array elements. In addition, the MIMO channel is presumed to be jointly correlated (Weichselberger correlation model). When we look back on the existing precoder design, it considered spatial correlation alone disregarding joint correlation of antenna array elements. With all above assumption, we have designed a linear precoder which minimizes mean squared error (MSE) subjected to total transmit power constraint for MU-MIMO system. The simulation results proven that proposed precoder shows substantial enhancement in bit error rate (BER) performance in comparison with the existing technique. The mathematical analysis corroborates the simulation results.","PeriodicalId":9814,"journal":{"name":"China Communications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135299511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.23919/JCC.2023.00.102
Li Xu, Xiuhua Jiang
Image quality assessment (IQA) is constantly innovating, but there are still three types of stickers that have not been resolved: the "content sticker" — limitation of training set, the "annotation sticker" — subjective instability in opinion scores and the "distortion sticker" — disordered distortion settings. In this paper, a No-Reference Image Quality Assessment (NR IQA) approach is proposed to deal with the problems. For "content sticker", we introduce the idea of pairwise comparison and generate a largescale ranking set to pre-train the network; For "annotation sticker", the absolute noise-containing subjective scores are transformed into ranking comparison results, and we design an indirect unsupervised regression based on Eigenvalue Decomposition (EVD); For "distortion sticker", we propose a perception-based distortion classification method, which makes the distortion types clear and refined. Experiments have proved that our NR IQA approach Experiments show that the algorithm performs well and has good generalization ability. Furthermore, the proposed perception based distortion classification method would be able to provide insights on how the visual related studies may be developed and to broaden our understanding of human visual system.
{"title":"Blind image quality assessment by pairwise ranking image series","authors":"Li Xu, Xiuhua Jiang","doi":"10.23919/JCC.2023.00.102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/JCC.2023.00.102","url":null,"abstract":"Image quality assessment (IQA) is constantly innovating, but there are still three types of stickers that have not been resolved: the \"content sticker\" — limitation of training set, the \"annotation sticker\" — subjective instability in opinion scores and the \"distortion sticker\" — disordered distortion settings. In this paper, a No-Reference Image Quality Assessment (NR IQA) approach is proposed to deal with the problems. For \"content sticker\", we introduce the idea of pairwise comparison and generate a largescale ranking set to pre-train the network; For \"annotation sticker\", the absolute noise-containing subjective scores are transformed into ranking comparison results, and we design an indirect unsupervised regression based on Eigenvalue Decomposition (EVD); For \"distortion sticker\", we propose a perception-based distortion classification method, which makes the distortion types clear and refined. Experiments have proved that our NR IQA approach Experiments show that the algorithm performs well and has good generalization ability. Furthermore, the proposed perception based distortion classification method would be able to provide insights on how the visual related studies may be developed and to broaden our understanding of human visual system.","PeriodicalId":9814,"journal":{"name":"China Communications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41598990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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