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Prevalence of overweight and obesity in 6-15-year-old boys and girls before the COVID-19 pandemic: results from anthropological research 2001-2019 in the Czech Republic. 2019冠状病毒病大流行前6-15岁男孩和女孩超重和肥胖流行率:捷克共和国2001-2019年人类学研究结果
IF 1.1 4区 医学 Q4 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.21101/cejph.a8283
Miroslav Kopecký, Kvetoslava Rimárová, Erik Dorko, Kateřina Kikalová, Simona Miškárová, Martina Tejová

Objective: Childhood overweight and obesity has been a major global problem for a long time, with a steadily increasing prevalence of obesity and a growing number of cases of serious health complications associated with childhood obesity. The main objective of the study is to assess the prevalence of overweight and obesity in boys and girls before the COVID-19 pandemic in the Czech Republic.

Methods: Body height, weight, BMI, and body composition (fat free mass, skeletal muscle mass, body fat, visceral fat area) were assessed in a cohort of 4,475 subjects (2,180 boys and 2,295 girls) aged 6-15 years. Somatic status was assessed by standardized anthropometry and body composition was determined by bioelectrical impedance. The subjects were classified according to BMI in percentile bands (up to 3rd percentile, P3-10, P25-75, P75-90, P90-97, above 97th percentile). Statistical analysis was performed using the software TIBCO Statistica 14.0.015.

Results: During growth, statistical differences in the proportion of fat-free mass and fat fractions were found between boys and girls. In boys, there is an increase in muscle mass, in girls, there is an increase in the proportion of fat fraction. Sexual differentiation is pronounced during pubertal growth. By their BMI, 10.32% of the boys and 7.36% of the girls were categorized as overweight, and 8.12% of the boys and 7.71% of the girls were categorized as obese. Using bioelectrical impedance analysis and the percentage of fat fraction, 21.61% of the boys and 21.87% of the girls were categorized as obese; 5.96% of the boys and 8.19% of the girls were found to have visceral adipose tissue posing a health risk (more than 100 cm2). From 2002 to 2019, there was a significant increase of 3.72% in the overweight category for boys and 1.36% for girls, while the obesity category showed an increase of 3.62% for boys and 4.91% for girls.

Conclusion: The results confirm the increasing negative trend of overweight and obesity in the BMI and the relative body fat categories in children aged 6-15 years. Greater attention and monitoring of the effectiveness of preventive measures is needed to slow and stop the obesity epidemic which has health, social and economic impacts on the entire society.

长期以来,儿童超重和肥胖一直是一个主要的全球性问题,肥胖的患病率稳步上升,与儿童肥胖相关的严重健康并发症的病例越来越多。该研究的主要目的是评估捷克共和国COVID-19大流行之前男孩和女孩超重和肥胖的流行情况。方法:对4475名6-15岁的研究对象(2180名男孩和2295名女孩)进行身高、体重、BMI和身体组成(无脂肪质量、骨骼肌质量、体脂、内脏脂肪面积)评估。躯体状态通过标准化人体测量来评估,身体成分通过生物电阻抗来确定。按BMI按百分位分组(3- 3百分位、P3-10、p3 -75、p3 -90、p3 -97、p3 -97以上)。采用TIBCO Statistica 14.0.015软件进行统计分析。结果:在生长过程中,男孩和女孩的无脂质量比例和脂肪分数有统计学差异。在男孩中,肌肉量增加,在女孩中,脂肪比例增加。性别化在青春期生长期间很明显。根据BMI指数,10.32%的男生和7.36%的女生属于超重,8.12%的男生和7.71%的女生属于肥胖。通过生物阻抗分析和脂肪百分率分析,21.61%的男生和21.87%的女生属于肥胖;5.96%的男孩和8.19%的女孩被发现有构成健康风险的内脏脂肪组织(超过100平方厘米)。从2002年到2019年,男孩超重类别增加3.72%,女孩超重类别增加1.36%,而男孩肥胖类别增加3.62%,女孩肥胖类别增加4.91%。结论:6-15岁儿童体重指数及相关体脂类别中超重和肥胖呈增加负向趋势。需要更加重视和监测预防措施的有效性,以减缓和制止对整个社会产生健康、社会和经济影响的肥胖流行病。
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引用次数: 0
Chronic diseases and spondylodiscitis. 慢性疾病和脊柱炎。
IF 1.1 4区 医学 Q4 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.21101/cejph.a7886
Róbert Čellár, Erik Dorko, Kvetoslava Rimárová, Dávid Sokol, Ahmad Gharaibeh, István Mitró, Rastislav Šepitka, Viliam Knap

Objective: Our research was focused to find a relation between the occurrence of spondylodiscitis and occurrence of chronic diseases. We were trying to discover some new risk factors and relations between chronic disorders in our research group. This analysis was also focused to detect factors that prolong the hospitalization of patients and worsen their prognosis.

Methods: A study was carried out involving patients with spondylodiscitis treated between 2013 and 2022. A statistical analysis expressed by several coefficients was calculated in software IBM SPSS 21.

Results: The study group comprised 32 (53.3%) females and 28 (46.7%) males. During the period the overall incidence of spondylodiscitis was increasing (except the year 2020 where only 2 patients were treated) with a peak in 2019. The average age of patients was 69.3 (±12.3) years, and the highest incidence was in the age group 60-69 years (n = 19, 31.7%). The most impacted vertebral region was lumbar (n = 29, 48.3%). The most prevalent associated comorbidity was some cardiovascular disorder (n = 39, 65%) followed by diabetes mellitus (DM) (n = 23, 38.3%). Genitourinary system was the most common source of primary infection (n = 22, 36.7%). Average length of stay was 34.3 (±14.5) days and surgery prolonged hospitalization period. Mortality rate was 1.7%.

Conclusion: The results of our study are confirmed by the data of other European and non-European studies. We confirmed diabetes mellitus and hypertension as the most common non-infectious risk factors of spondylodiscitis and the presence of pathogens in genitourinary system as the most frequent source of primary infection.

目的:探讨脊柱炎的发生与慢性疾病的发生之间的关系。在我们的研究小组中,我们试图发现一些新的危险因素和慢性疾病之间的关系。本分析还侧重于发现延长患者住院时间和恶化其预后的因素。方法:对2013年至2022年间接受治疗的脊柱炎患者进行研究。在IBM SPSS 21软件中进行数个系数表示的统计分析。结果:研究组女性32例(53.3%),男性28例(46.7%)。在此期间,脊柱炎的总体发病率呈上升趋势(除了2020年,只有2例患者接受治疗),并在2019年达到高峰。患者平均年龄为69.3(±12.3)岁,60 ~ 69岁年龄组发病率最高(n = 19, 31.7%)。受影响最大的椎体区域是腰椎(n = 29, 48.3%)。最常见的合并症是心血管疾病(n = 39, 65%),其次是糖尿病(n = 23, 38.3%)。泌尿生殖系统是最常见的原发感染源(n = 22, 36.7%)。平均住院时间34.3(±14.5)天,手术延长住院时间。死亡率为1.7%。结论:我们的研究结果得到了其他欧洲和非欧洲研究数据的证实。我们证实糖尿病和高血压是脊椎炎最常见的非感染性危险因素,而泌尿生殖系统的病原体是最常见的原发性感染来源。
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引用次数: 0
Analysis of COVID-19 patient outcomes with molnupiravir treatment and the role of risk factors: a single-centre retrospective descriptive study. 莫诺匹拉韦治疗的COVID-19患者结局分析及危险因素的作用:一项单中心回顾性描述性研究
IF 1.1 4区 医学 Q4 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.21101/cejph.a8398
Ondrej Zahornacký, Štefan Porubčin, Alena Rovňáková, Pavol Jarčuška, Dária Semenovová, Paulína Kubalcová, Erik Dorko, Kvetoslava Rimárová

Objective: This study aims to describe the outcomes of COVID-19 patients treated with molnupiravir and to explore the associations with various risk factors.

Methods: We conducted a single-centre, descriptive, retrospective study without a comparison group.

Results: Out of 141 patients, 70 (49.7%) required follow-up outpatient care. In the subgroup of 66 (46.8%) hospitalized patients, 28 (19.9%) developed interstitial viral pneumonia, with 6 (4.3%) deaths. Unvaccinated patients had a higher incidence of pneumonia (p = 0.020), and obesity was a significant risk factor for both pneumonia (p = 0.001) and mortality (p = 0.011). Patients over 60 years (p = 0.040) and those with cardiovascular diseases (p = 0.026) also had increased pneumonia risk. Male sex was associated with a higher risk of death (p = 0.020).

Conclusion: Molnupiravir treatment was linked to reduced risks of hospitalization and death, particularly in high-risk patients. Vaccination provided additional protection, and obesity obstructive pulmonary disease and autoimmune diseases were significant risk factors for severe outcomes.

目的:本研究旨在描述新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)患者使用莫那匹拉韦治疗的疗效,并探讨其与各种危险因素的相关性。方法:我们进行了一项无对照组的单中心、描述性、回顾性研究。结果:141例患者中,70例(49.7%)需要门诊随访。在66例住院患者(46.8%)中,28例(19.9%)发生间质性病毒性肺炎,6例(4.3%)死亡。未接种疫苗的患者肺炎发病率较高(p = 0.020),肥胖是肺炎(p = 0.001)和死亡率(p = 0.011)的重要危险因素。60岁以上患者(p = 0.040)和心血管疾病患者(p = 0.026)肺炎风险也增加。男性与较高的死亡风险相关(p = 0.020)。结论:Molnupiravir治疗可降低住院和死亡风险,特别是在高危患者中。疫苗接种提供了额外的保护,肥胖、阻塞性肺疾病和自身免疫性疾病是严重后果的重要危险因素。
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引用次数: 0
Management of patients with urinary incontinence in senior age. 老年尿失禁患者的处理。
IF 1.1 4区 医学 Q4 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.21101/cejph.a7890
Marek Vargovčák, Erik Dorko, Kvetoslava Rimárová, Jana Diabelková

Objectives: Urinary incontinence is an extremely stressful and often debilitating disease, increasing morbidity in society. The aim of the work is to point out the problems of the management of incontinent patients - seniors in the context of their quality of life as well as treatment costs to find ways to make the widest possible public awareness of the fact that in most cases incontinence is solvable in terms of improving the quality of life.

Methods: The group consisted of 100 patients with urinary incontinence who were treated with conservative medical procedures at the urological outpatient clinic of the Railway Hospital in Košice. The research was conducted in the period from September 2018 to February 2019. The extended standardized Urinary Incontinence Quality of Life Measure (I-QOL) questionnaire was used to evaluate the quality of life. The SPSS program - version 16.0 was used for statistical analysis of the file and hypotheses, and the chi-square test and the McNemar test for analysis of non-parametric data distribution.

Results: The average value of the total social I-QOL score was 14.15 ± 5.03, which means that this area contributes significantly to the reduction of the quality of life. The average value of the total I-QOL score of the group studied was 63.86 ± 19.29, which indicates that urinary incontinence has a significant impact on the quality of life of seniors. Respondents considered the frequent urge to urinate and the absence of a toilet in a reachable place to be a negative factor. Feeling of the state of a certain form of inferiority and obsession was the most serious. Patients expressed approximately equal concerns about feeling out of control of their bladder and concerns about urinating as well as concerns about worsening incontinence due to aging.

Conclusion: Based on the presented results, participants achieved the highest average score in the psychological domain of quality of life (27.81 ± 7.54) and the lowest in the social domain (14.15 ± 5.03). Social support programmes aimed at reducing stigma and enhancing social engagement for individuals dealing with incontinence could help improve the social quality of life. Physical health interventions, such as pelvic floor exercises could support physical well-being.

目的:尿失禁是一种压力极大且经常使人衰弱的疾病,在社会上的发病率越来越高。这项工作的目的是指出失禁患者管理的问题-老年人在他们的生活质量和治疗费用的背景下,找到方法,使最广泛的公众意识到,在大多数情况下,失禁是可以解决的,以提高生活质量。方法:选取在Košice铁路医院泌尿科门诊行保守治疗的尿失禁患者100例。该研究于2018年9月至2019年2月期间进行。采用扩展的标准化尿失禁生活质量量表(I-QOL)评估生活质量。采用SPSS - version 16.0软件对文件和假设进行统计分析,对非参数数据分布进行卡方检验和McNemar检验。结果:社会I-QOL总分平均值为14.15±5.03,表明该区域对生活质量的降低有显著作用。研究组I-QOL总分平均值为63.86±19.29,提示尿失禁对老年人生活质量有显著影响。受访者认为频繁的小便冲动和在可到达的地方没有厕所是一个负面因素。对某种状态的自卑和执念是最严重的。患者表达了对膀胱失控的担忧,对排尿的担忧以及对因年龄增长而加重的失禁的担忧。结论:在生活质量心理领域得分最高(27.81±7.54),社会领域得分最低(14.15±5.03)。旨在减少耻辱感和加强失禁患者社会参与的社会支持方案有助于改善社会生活质量。身体健康干预,如盆底运动可以支持身体健康。
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引用次数: 0
Post-pandemic health literacy: COVID-19 knowledge among future teachers in the Czech Republic. 流行病后的卫生知识:捷克共和国未来教师对 COVID-19 的了解。
IF 1.1 4区 医学 Q4 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.21101/cejph.a8091
Tereza Sofková, Michaela Hřivnová

Objectives: The global situation concerning the incidence of infectious diseases emphasises the need for increased health literacy, particularly after the COVID-19 pandemic. A large part of this need relates to the area of education. The aim of this study was to analyse health literacy in relation to the cognitive dimension in the field of knowledge about the COVID-19 disease in the post-pandemic period among future teachers.

Methods: The research sample comprised 286 female students in the first year of Bachelor's teacher training courses at the Faculty of Education in the Czech Republic. The research study was conducted during the academic year 2022/2023. To explore the level of health literacy, the present research used the standardized HLS-EU-Q86 questionnaire designed by the World Health Organization. For the purposes of this study, the original 'structured interview' method was changed to an online questionnaire. An additional online questionnaire was attached to explore participants' knowledge related to the COVID-19 disease.

Results: The average score for general health literacy was 34.1, placing it within the 'sufficient' category. A total of 14.0% of the students showed an excellent level and 38.1% a sufficient level of general health literacy. Relatively the most favourable results were observed in the dimension of health promotion literacy. The threshold for successful completion of each knowledge test related to the COVID-19 was set at 80% of correct answers. Only 14.0% of the future teachers met the criteria for inclusion in the overall excellent level of the knowledge test.

Conclusions: The level of knowledge of future teachers associated with COVID-19 is inadequate. Therefore, it is desirable to strengthen education in the field of prevention of infectious diseases. The results indicate the need for some action, e.g., expanding the portfolio of compulsory courses in all branches of teacher training in order to increase the level of health literacy among future teachers.

{"title":"Post-pandemic health literacy: COVID-19 knowledge among future teachers in the Czech Republic.","authors":"Tereza Sofková, Michaela Hřivnová","doi":"10.21101/cejph.a8091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21101/cejph.a8091","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The global situation concerning the incidence of infectious diseases emphasises the need for increased health literacy, particularly after the COVID-19 pandemic. A large part of this need relates to the area of education. The aim of this study was to analyse health literacy in relation to the cognitive dimension in the field of knowledge about the COVID-19 disease in the post-pandemic period among future teachers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The research sample comprised 286 female students in the first year of Bachelor's teacher training courses at the Faculty of Education in the Czech Republic. The research study was conducted during the academic year 2022/2023. To explore the level of health literacy, the present research used the standardized HLS-EU-Q86 questionnaire designed by the World Health Organization. For the purposes of this study, the original 'structured interview' method was changed to an online questionnaire. An additional online questionnaire was attached to explore participants' knowledge related to the COVID-19 disease.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The average score for general health literacy was 34.1, placing it within the 'sufficient' category. A total of 14.0% of the students showed an excellent level and 38.1% a sufficient level of general health literacy. Relatively the most favourable results were observed in the dimension of health promotion literacy. The threshold for successful completion of each knowledge test related to the COVID-19 was set at 80% of correct answers. Only 14.0% of the future teachers met the criteria for inclusion in the overall excellent level of the knowledge test.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The level of knowledge of future teachers associated with COVID-19 is inadequate. Therefore, it is desirable to strengthen education in the field of prevention of infectious diseases. The results indicate the need for some action, e.g., expanding the portfolio of compulsory courses in all branches of teacher training in order to increase the level of health literacy among future teachers.</p>","PeriodicalId":9823,"journal":{"name":"Central European journal of public health","volume":"32 4","pages":"231-235"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143188310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A ten-year retrospective analysis of risk factors and comorbidities prevalence in a group of septic arthritis patients. 对一组脓毒性关节炎患者的危险因素和合并症的十年回顾性分析。
IF 1.1 4区 医学 Q4 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.21101/cejph.a7887
Dávid Sokol, Erik Dorko, Kvetoslava Rimárová, Róbert Čellár, Erik Drabiščák, Daniela Schreierová, Marek Lacko, István Mitró, Ahmad Gharaibeh, Peter Hrdlík

Objectives: The aim of this study was the evaluation of a group of patients treated at the Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology of Locomotory Apparatus at Luis Pasteur University Hospital in Košice for septic arthritis in relation to risk factors and chronic diseases and its microbial aetiologic profile.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of patients including all episodes of septic arthritis from March 2013 to August 2022. The occurrence of chronic diseases, risk factors and its microbiological profile were investigated.

Results: A total of 141 patients were included: 92 (65%) males and 49 (35%) females, the mean age of patients was 58.1 years. A continued decrease in cases was recorded during the period of COVID-19 pandemic and the post-pandemic years. The largest group of our cohort represented septic arthritis of the knee (87 cases, 61.7%), followed by hip and shoulder arthritis - 17 (12.1%) and 14 (9.9%) cases, respectively. Gram positive aetiologic flora represented 87.5% of all pathogens isolated and antibiotics were administered to 46 (32.6%) patients before microbiological culture samples were obtained. The dominant chronic disease was diabetes mellitus with 42 (29.8%) cases and degenerative joint disease affecting the joint was verified in 86 (61%) patients. Dental foci in 28 (19.9%) cases and skin infections in 17 (12.1%) cases were the most numerous groups of risk factors with predominant distribution for cases without previous intervention in the affected joint leading to infection.

Conclusion: The distribution of joint involvement and microbial agents was similar to other literature without affecting negative culture results by prior administration of antibiotics. Representation of chronic diseases and risk factors was comparable to the work of other authors. Notable was the continued decline in total number of cases in post-pandemic years of COVID-19 pandemic. What was interesting was the number of confirmed cases of distant focal infection distributed mainly in the group of patients without a history of any previous intervention on the joint before the infection. There is a lack of literature on distant silent infection as a risk factor.

目的:本研究的目的是评估一组在Košice路易斯巴斯德大学医院运动器械骨科和创伤科治疗的脓毒性关节炎患者与危险因素和慢性疾病及其微生物病原学特征的关系。方法:我们对2013年3月至2022年8月期间所有脓毒性关节炎患者进行回顾性研究。调查了慢性疾病的发生、危险因素及其微生物学特征。结果:共纳入141例患者,其中男性92例(65%),女性49例(35%),平均年龄58.1岁。在2019冠状病毒病大流行期间和大流行后几年,病例数持续下降。我们的队列中最大的组是脓毒性膝关节炎(87例,61.7%),其次是髋关节和肩部关节炎-分别为17例(12.1%)和14例(9.9%)。革兰氏阳性菌群占所有分离病原体的87.5%,在获得微生物培养样本之前,对46例(32.6%)患者给予抗生素治疗。慢性疾病以糖尿病为主,42例(29.8%),86例(61%)为关节退行性疾病。28例(19.9%)口腔病灶和17例(12.1%)皮肤感染是最常见的危险因素组,主要分布在未对受影响关节进行干预导致感染的病例中。结论:联合受累及微生物药物分布与其他文献相似,未影响既往使用抗生素的阴性培养结果。对慢性疾病和危险因素的描述与其他作者的工作相当。值得注意的是,在COVID-19大流行后的几年中,病例总数持续下降。有趣的是,远灶性感染确诊病例的数量主要分布在感染前没有任何关节干预史的患者组中。远端隐性感染作为一种危险因素缺乏文献报道。
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引用次数: 0
Factors affecting smoking cessation success in individuals who applied to a smoking cessation centre. 影响戒烟中心申请者戒烟成功的因素。
IF 1.1 4区 医学 Q4 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.21101/cejph.a8295
Türkan Günay, Nur Acar, Duygu Lüleci, Fatma Seven, Nurcan Şentürk Durukan, Hakan Baydur, Oğuz Kilinç, Şafak Taner

Objectives: This study aims to assess the frequency of smoking cessation and to identify the factors affecting smoking cessation success among individuals seeking assistance at a smoking cessation centre.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 1,570 individuals who applied to the smoking cessation centre in Izmir, Turkey, between 2009 and 2018, and completed three follow-ups. Data were obtained from the centre's records. Factors affecting smoking cessation success were analysed using logistic regression in multivariate analysis.

Results: The median age to start smoking was 19 (17-22), and the median number of cigarettes consumed per day was 20 (20-30). Among the participants, 59.9% exhibited a high/very high level of nicotine dependence, and 79.6% had attempted to quit smoking previously. The median number of patient follow-ups was 7 (5-10). Of the patients, 34.0% successfully quit smoking for one year. According to the multivariate analysis results, smoking cessation success increased with being married by 2.26 times (95% CI: 1.51-3.38, p < 0.001), the absence of other smokers in the household by 1.38 times (95% CI: 1.01-1.88, p = 0.04), having a low level of nicotine dependence by 1.75 times (95% CI: 1.23-2.48, p = 0.002), and more patient follow-ups by 1.61 times (95% CI: 1.52-1.72, p < 0.001).

Conclusions: Smoking cessation success is increased by the support and follow-up provided by healthcare professionals, the absence of other smokers in the household, and a low level of nicotine dependency.

{"title":"Factors affecting smoking cessation success in individuals who applied to a smoking cessation centre.","authors":"Türkan Günay, Nur Acar, Duygu Lüleci, Fatma Seven, Nurcan Şentürk Durukan, Hakan Baydur, Oğuz Kilinç, Şafak Taner","doi":"10.21101/cejph.a8295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21101/cejph.a8295","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aims to assess the frequency of smoking cessation and to identify the factors affecting smoking cessation success among individuals seeking assistance at a smoking cessation centre.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study included 1,570 individuals who applied to the smoking cessation centre in Izmir, Turkey, between 2009 and 2018, and completed three follow-ups. Data were obtained from the centre's records. Factors affecting smoking cessation success were analysed using logistic regression in multivariate analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median age to start smoking was 19 (17-22), and the median number of cigarettes consumed per day was 20 (20-30). Among the participants, 59.9% exhibited a high/very high level of nicotine dependence, and 79.6% had attempted to quit smoking previously. The median number of patient follow-ups was 7 (5-10). Of the patients, 34.0% successfully quit smoking for one year. According to the multivariate analysis results, smoking cessation success increased with being married by 2.26 times (95% CI: 1.51-3.38, p < 0.001), the absence of other smokers in the household by 1.38 times (95% CI: 1.01-1.88, p = 0.04), having a low level of nicotine dependence by 1.75 times (95% CI: 1.23-2.48, p = 0.002), and more patient follow-ups by 1.61 times (95% CI: 1.52-1.72, p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Smoking cessation success is increased by the support and follow-up provided by healthcare professionals, the absence of other smokers in the household, and a low level of nicotine dependency.</p>","PeriodicalId":9823,"journal":{"name":"Central European journal of public health","volume":"32 4","pages":"256-262"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143188307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Sugar-sweetened beverages: taxation evidence from seven European countries and recommendations for implementation in other EU regions.
IF 1.1 4区 医学 Q4 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.21101/cejph.a8210
Pavel Semerád, Petra Hospodková, Markéta Lamačová, Vladimír Rogalewicz, Ondřej Babuněk, Marian Dobranschi

Objectives: Higher-than-recommended sugar consumption (< 10% of total energy intake; WHO) leads to negative health impacts and the development of serious diseases. Sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) proved to be among the leading sources of free sugar intake, as they contain large amounts of added sugar. Our article aims to propose tax measures that will help change consumer behaviour and reduce SSBs consumption.

Methods: For a comparison of the forms of taxation, the experience of seven countries (Denmark, France, Hungary, Italy, Poland, Catalonia - Spain, and the UK) were analysed. The evolution of sugar consumption, consumption of sweetened drinks and obesity before and after the introduction and/or abolition of the sugar tax were reviewed.

Results: States that implemented a tax on SSBs were able to reduce SSBs consumption in the first year after the tax was introduced when states with a sugar-content-based tax have implemented it more effectively than states with a volume-based tax. Based on this finding, we propose basic design assumptions for the tax that can be used in European countries that have not yet introduced the tax. Progressive taxation divides beverages into 3 bands. The basic assumption is to encourage the desired consumer behaviour, i.e., consumption of SSBs with lower sugar content. The proposed tax design is applied to the conditions of the Czech Republic as a model case study.

Conclusions: The results of our study suggest that SSBs taxation could be an effective policy intervention to improve population health by reducing the health impacts of SSBs among children and adolescents, although further studies are needed to prove the causality of the described associations.

{"title":"Sugar-sweetened beverages: taxation evidence from seven European countries and recommendations for implementation in other EU regions.","authors":"Pavel Semerád, Petra Hospodková, Markéta Lamačová, Vladimír Rogalewicz, Ondřej Babuněk, Marian Dobranschi","doi":"10.21101/cejph.a8210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21101/cejph.a8210","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Higher-than-recommended sugar consumption (< 10% of total energy intake; WHO) leads to negative health impacts and the development of serious diseases. Sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) proved to be among the leading sources of free sugar intake, as they contain large amounts of added sugar. Our article aims to propose tax measures that will help change consumer behaviour and reduce SSBs consumption.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>For a comparison of the forms of taxation, the experience of seven countries (Denmark, France, Hungary, Italy, Poland, Catalonia - Spain, and the UK) were analysed. The evolution of sugar consumption, consumption of sweetened drinks and obesity before and after the introduction and/or abolition of the sugar tax were reviewed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>States that implemented a tax on SSBs were able to reduce SSBs consumption in the first year after the tax was introduced when states with a sugar-content-based tax have implemented it more effectively than states with a volume-based tax. Based on this finding, we propose basic design assumptions for the tax that can be used in European countries that have not yet introduced the tax. Progressive taxation divides beverages into 3 bands. The basic assumption is to encourage the desired consumer behaviour, i.e., consumption of SSBs with lower sugar content. The proposed tax design is applied to the conditions of the Czech Republic as a model case study.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results of our study suggest that SSBs taxation could be an effective policy intervention to improve population health by reducing the health impacts of SSBs among children and adolescents, although further studies are needed to prove the causality of the described associations.</p>","PeriodicalId":9823,"journal":{"name":"Central European journal of public health","volume":"32 4","pages":"279-287"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143188387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Sleep apnoea from a dentist's point of view. 从牙医的角度来看,睡眠呼吸暂停。
IF 1.1 4区 医学 Q4 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.21101/cejph.a7891
Marcela Šestáková, Alexandra Janíčková, Eleonóra Ivančová, Mária Eötvösová, Viliam Donič, Erik Dorko, Kvetoslava Rimárová

Objectives: The aim of this study was to confirm the relevance of knowledge a dentist has regarding obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA), considering the fact that based on specific risk factors a dentist may be the first clinician to identify patients who are at risk of being affected by this serious condition.

Methods: The cohort consisted of 53 subjects who underwent a routine dental examination. Anthropometric data and data on tongue size (Mallampati classification), tonsil size (Friedman classification), daytime sleepiness (Epworth Sleepiness Scale) and systemic risk factors were recorded in a record sheet. On the basis of the monitored parameters, selected subjects underwent polysomnography in order to objectivise the parameters observed.

Results: Polysomnography confirmed a 96% success rate in our identifying subjects as being at high risk of developing OSA. This indicates that the parameters monitored during a routine dental examination were properly selected to identify patients with this condition in advance.

Conclusion: The relevance of information dentists have about the early identification of patients with OSA may be crucial in the management of further therapy to be provided to these patients.

目的:本研究的目的是确认牙医对阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停(OSA)知识的相关性,考虑到基于特定危险因素的事实,牙医可能是第一个识别有可能受到这种严重疾病影响的患者的临床医生。方法:该队列包括53名接受常规牙科检查的受试者。将人体测量数据、舌头大小(Mallampati分类)、扁桃体大小(Friedman分类)、白天嗜睡(Epworth嗜睡量表)和全身危险因素数据记录在记录表中。在监测参数的基础上,选择受试者进行多导睡眠描记,使观察到的参数客观化。结果:多导睡眠描记术确认了96%的受试者是OSA的高危人群。这表明,在常规牙科检查中监测的参数是正确选择的,可以提前识别患有这种疾病的患者。结论:牙医对OSA患者的早期识别信息的相关性可能对提供给这些患者的进一步治疗的管理至关重要。
{"title":"Sleep apnoea from a dentist's point of view.","authors":"Marcela Šestáková, Alexandra Janíčková, Eleonóra Ivančová, Mária Eötvösová, Viliam Donič, Erik Dorko, Kvetoslava Rimárová","doi":"10.21101/cejph.a7891","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21101/cejph.a7891","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aim of this study was to confirm the relevance of knowledge a dentist has regarding obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA), considering the fact that based on specific risk factors a dentist may be the first clinician to identify patients who are at risk of being affected by this serious condition.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The cohort consisted of 53 subjects who underwent a routine dental examination. Anthropometric data and data on tongue size (Mallampati classification), tonsil size (Friedman classification), daytime sleepiness (Epworth Sleepiness Scale) and systemic risk factors were recorded in a record sheet. On the basis of the monitored parameters, selected subjects underwent polysomnography in order to objectivise the parameters observed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Polysomnography confirmed a 96% success rate in our identifying subjects as being at high risk of developing OSA. This indicates that the parameters monitored during a routine dental examination were properly selected to identify patients with this condition in advance.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The relevance of information dentists have about the early identification of patients with OSA may be crucial in the management of further therapy to be provided to these patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":9823,"journal":{"name":"Central European journal of public health","volume":"32 Supplement","pages":"66-71"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143000648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Oral health and rheumatoid arthritis: a case control study. 口腔健康与类风湿性关节炎:一项病例对照研究。
IF 1.1 4区 医学 Q4 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.21101/cejph.a7892
Margaréta Tamášová, Želmíra Macejová, Erik Dorko, Silvia Timková, Kvetoslava Rimárová, Jana Diabelková

Objectives: Patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are repeatedly affected by oral diseases or problems, including dental caries and periodontal diseases (PDs). Periodontitis and rheumatoid arthritis are chronic inflammatory destructive diseases that share many similarities. The objective of this study was to assess oral health status including examination of hard dental tissues and periodontium in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and compare the results with healthy controls. We hypothesize some interlink between oral diseases and RA.

Methods: The epidemiological case-control study involved a total of 64 subjects divided into an experimental group (14 rheumatoid arthritis cases) and a control group (50 healthy individuals). Disease activity in the subjects with RA was assessed by the Disease Activity Score (DAS28). The number of Decayed, Missing and Filled Teeth (DMFT) and Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Need (CPITN) as a basic epidemiological oral health indexes were recorded. Finally, the data were analysed statistically.

Results: The RA patients (19.21, SD = 6.95) showed a higher caries index level measured by DMFT than the control group (17.72, SD = 6.19); the difference was not statistically significant (U = 387.5, p = 0.547). In terms of a mean number of teeth decayed (p = 0.078), teeth filled due to caries (p = 0.397), and missing teeth (p = 0.126), the two groups were not significantly different. In terms of periodontal health, a significant difference was observed between the two groups concerning the CPI maximum score (p = 0.003). The RA patients showed higher prevalence of periodontitis than the controls.

Conclusions: A complete basic oral examination, along with an oral health instruction including adequate oral and dental hygiene, is crucial to prevent dental caries and periodontal diseases and associated complications in RA patients, since they appear to be more vulnerable than the non-RA population.

目的:类风湿性关节炎(RA)患者反复受到口腔疾病或问题的影响,包括龋齿和牙周病(pd)。牙周炎和类风湿关节炎是慢性炎症性破坏性疾病,有许多相似之处。本研究的目的是评估口腔健康状况,包括检查类风湿关节炎患者的硬牙组织和牙周组织,并将结果与健康对照进行比较。我们假设口腔疾病和类风湿性关节炎之间存在某种联系。方法:采用流行病学病例-对照研究,共64例受试者,分为实验组(类风湿关节炎病例14例)和对照组(健康个体50例)。RA患者的疾病活动性采用疾病活动性评分(DAS28)进行评估。记录龋缺补牙数(DMFT)和社区牙周治疗需求指数(CPITN)作为流行病学口腔健康的基本指标。最后对数据进行统计分析。结果:RA组患者(19.21,SD = 6.95)龋指数高于对照组(17.72,SD = 6.19);差异无统计学意义(U = 387.5, p = 0.547)。在平均蛀牙数(p = 0.078)、龋齿补牙数(p = 0.397)、缺牙数(p = 0.126)方面,两组差异无统计学意义。在牙周健康方面,两组之间的CPI最高评分有显著差异(p = 0.003)。RA患者牙周炎患病率高于对照组。结论:完整的基本口腔检查,以及口腔健康指导,包括适当的口腔和牙齿卫生,对于预防RA患者龋齿和牙周病及相关并发症至关重要,因为RA患者似乎比非RA人群更容易受到伤害。
{"title":"Oral health and rheumatoid arthritis: a case control study.","authors":"Margaréta Tamášová, Želmíra Macejová, Erik Dorko, Silvia Timková, Kvetoslava Rimárová, Jana Diabelková","doi":"10.21101/cejph.a7892","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21101/cejph.a7892","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are repeatedly affected by oral diseases or problems, including dental caries and periodontal diseases (PDs). Periodontitis and rheumatoid arthritis are chronic inflammatory destructive diseases that share many similarities. The objective of this study was to assess oral health status including examination of hard dental tissues and periodontium in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and compare the results with healthy controls. We hypothesize some interlink between oral diseases and RA.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The epidemiological case-control study involved a total of 64 subjects divided into an experimental group (14 rheumatoid arthritis cases) and a control group (50 healthy individuals). Disease activity in the subjects with RA was assessed by the Disease Activity Score (DAS28). The number of Decayed, Missing and Filled Teeth (DMFT) and Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Need (CPITN) as a basic epidemiological oral health indexes were recorded. Finally, the data were analysed statistically.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The RA patients (19.21, SD = 6.95) showed a higher caries index level measured by DMFT than the control group (17.72, SD = 6.19); the difference was not statistically significant (U = 387.5, p = 0.547). In terms of a mean number of teeth decayed (p = 0.078), teeth filled due to caries (p = 0.397), and missing teeth (p = 0.126), the two groups were not significantly different. In terms of periodontal health, a significant difference was observed between the two groups concerning the CPI maximum score (p = 0.003). The RA patients showed higher prevalence of periodontitis than the controls.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A complete basic oral examination, along with an oral health instruction including adequate oral and dental hygiene, is crucial to prevent dental caries and periodontal diseases and associated complications in RA patients, since they appear to be more vulnerable than the non-RA population.</p>","PeriodicalId":9823,"journal":{"name":"Central European journal of public health","volume":"32 Supplement","pages":"78-84"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143000609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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Central European journal of public health
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