Pub Date : 2024-02-19DOI: 10.3390/chemistry6010012
Wafa K. Essa
In this study, Melia azedarach fruit extract was used as a reducing agent and copper chloride dihydrate (CuCl2·2H2O) was used as a precursor in the synthesis of copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs). The UV–visible spectrum showed a characteristic absorption peak of CuO NPs at 350 nm. The surface properties of the adsorbent were analyzed through various techniques, indicating the successful formation of CuO NPs. The impacts of several factors, including initial pH (4 to 8), a dose of CuO NPs adsorbent (0.01–0.05 g), dye initial concentration (10–50 mg·L−1), and contact times ranging from 5 to 120 min, were examined in batch adsorption studies. Based on the experimental results, the Langmuir isotherm is well-fitted, indicating MB dye monolayer capping on the CuO NPs surface with 26.738 mg·g−1 as a maximum adsorption capacity Qm value. For the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, the experimental and calculated adsorption capacity values (qe) exhibited good agreement.
{"title":"Methylene Blue Removal by Copper Oxide Nanoparticles Obtained from Green Synthesis of Melia azedarach: Kinetic and Isotherm Studies","authors":"Wafa K. Essa","doi":"10.3390/chemistry6010012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/chemistry6010012","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, Melia azedarach fruit extract was used as a reducing agent and copper chloride dihydrate (CuCl2·2H2O) was used as a precursor in the synthesis of copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs). The UV–visible spectrum showed a characteristic absorption peak of CuO NPs at 350 nm. The surface properties of the adsorbent were analyzed through various techniques, indicating the successful formation of CuO NPs. The impacts of several factors, including initial pH (4 to 8), a dose of CuO NPs adsorbent (0.01–0.05 g), dye initial concentration (10–50 mg·L−1), and contact times ranging from 5 to 120 min, were examined in batch adsorption studies. Based on the experimental results, the Langmuir isotherm is well-fitted, indicating MB dye monolayer capping on the CuO NPs surface with 26.738 mg·g−1 as a maximum adsorption capacity Qm value. For the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, the experimental and calculated adsorption capacity values (qe) exhibited good agreement.","PeriodicalId":9850,"journal":{"name":"Chemistry","volume":"104 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140451959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-30DOI: 10.3390/chemistry6010009
Sunita Teli, Ayushi Sethiya, S. Agarwal
Heterocycles, compounds featuring heteroatoms like nitrogen, sulfur, and oxygen, are integral in fields such as synthesis, pharmacology, and medicine. Among these, benzothiazoles, formed by fusing thiazole with benzene, hold significant prominence. Their unique reactivity, especially at the carbon position between nitrogen and sulfur, has sparked wide interest. Notably, 2-substituted benzothiazoles exhibit diverse biological activities, including anticonvulsant, antimicrobial, and antioxidant properties, making them valuable in drug discovery. This review unveils an array of mesmerizing methods employed by chemists to prepare these compounds using 2-aminothiophenol as one of the precursors with other varied reactants. From novel strategies to sophisticated methodologies, each section of this review provides a glimpse into the fascinating world of synthetic chemistry of 2-substituted benzothiazoles. Delving into the diverse synthetic applications of 2-substituted benzothiazoles, this paper not only enriches our understanding of their synthesis but also sparks the imagination with the possibilities for future advancements.
{"title":"Pioneering Synthetic Strategies of 2-Substituted Benzothiazoles Using 2-Aminothiophenol","authors":"Sunita Teli, Ayushi Sethiya, S. Agarwal","doi":"10.3390/chemistry6010009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/chemistry6010009","url":null,"abstract":"Heterocycles, compounds featuring heteroatoms like nitrogen, sulfur, and oxygen, are integral in fields such as synthesis, pharmacology, and medicine. Among these, benzothiazoles, formed by fusing thiazole with benzene, hold significant prominence. Their unique reactivity, especially at the carbon position between nitrogen and sulfur, has sparked wide interest. Notably, 2-substituted benzothiazoles exhibit diverse biological activities, including anticonvulsant, antimicrobial, and antioxidant properties, making them valuable in drug discovery. This review unveils an array of mesmerizing methods employed by chemists to prepare these compounds using 2-aminothiophenol as one of the precursors with other varied reactants. From novel strategies to sophisticated methodologies, each section of this review provides a glimpse into the fascinating world of synthetic chemistry of 2-substituted benzothiazoles. Delving into the diverse synthetic applications of 2-substituted benzothiazoles, this paper not only enriches our understanding of their synthesis but also sparks the imagination with the possibilities for future advancements.","PeriodicalId":9850,"journal":{"name":"Chemistry","volume":"53 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140481982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-30DOI: 10.3390/chemistry6010010
Shengcong Wu, Chi Li, Shui Yang Lien, Peng Gao
Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have garnered significant attention in the photovoltaic field owing to their exceptional photoelectric properties, including high light absorption, extensive carrier diffusion distance, and an adjustable band gap. Temperature is a crucial factor influencing both the preparation and performance of perovskite solar cells. The annealing temperature exerts a pronounced impact on the device structure, while the operational temperature influences carrier transport, perovskite band gap, and interface properties. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the influence of varied annealing temperatures on the hole transport layer, electron transport layer, and perovskite layer. Additionally, we present an overview of innovative annealing methods applied to perovskite materials. The effects of diverse working temperatures on the overall performance of perovskite cells are thoroughly examined and discussed in this review. In the end, different temperature conditions under ISOS testing conditions are summarized.
{"title":"Temperature Matters: Enhancing Performance and Stability of Perovskite Solar Cells through Advanced Annealing Methods","authors":"Shengcong Wu, Chi Li, Shui Yang Lien, Peng Gao","doi":"10.3390/chemistry6010010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/chemistry6010010","url":null,"abstract":"Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have garnered significant attention in the photovoltaic field owing to their exceptional photoelectric properties, including high light absorption, extensive carrier diffusion distance, and an adjustable band gap. Temperature is a crucial factor influencing both the preparation and performance of perovskite solar cells. The annealing temperature exerts a pronounced impact on the device structure, while the operational temperature influences carrier transport, perovskite band gap, and interface properties. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the influence of varied annealing temperatures on the hole transport layer, electron transport layer, and perovskite layer. Additionally, we present an overview of innovative annealing methods applied to perovskite materials. The effects of diverse working temperatures on the overall performance of perovskite cells are thoroughly examined and discussed in this review. In the end, different temperature conditions under ISOS testing conditions are summarized.","PeriodicalId":9850,"journal":{"name":"Chemistry","volume":"56 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140481251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-15DOI: 10.3390/chemistry6010008
V. S. Periasamy, Jegan Athinarayanan, A. Alshatwi
High-temperature cooking processes like frying, baking, smoking, or drying can induce chemical transformations in conventional food ingredients, causing deteriorative modifications. These reactions, including hydrolytic, oxidative, and thermal changes, are common and can alter the food’s chemical composition. This study transformed a combination of sucrose and histidine (Su-Hi) through charring or pyrolysis. The GC-MS profiling study showed that when sucrose and histidine (Su-Hi) were exposed to high temperatures (≈240 °C), they produced carbonyl and aromatic compounds including beta-D-Glucopyranose, 1,6-anhydro (10.11%), 2-Butanone, 4,4-dimethoxy- (12.89%), 2(1H)-Quinolinone-hydrazine (5.73%), Benzenamine (6.35%), 2,5-Pyrrolidinedione, 1-[(3,4-dimethylbenzoyl)oxy]- (5.82%), Benzene-(1-ethyl-1-propenyl) (5.62%), and 4-Pyridinamine-2,6-dimethyl (5.52%). The compounds mentioned can permeate the cell membrane and contribute to the development of cell death by necrosis in human immune cells. The evidence suggests that a specific set of pyrolytic compounds may pose a risk to immune cells. This investigation reveals the complex relationship between high-temperature cooking-induced transformations, compound permeation inside the cells, and downstream cellular responses, emphasizing the significance of considering the broader health implications of food chemical contaminants.
{"title":"Unveiling the Molecular Signature of High-Temperature Cooking: Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Profiling of Sucrose and Histidine Reactions and Its Derivatives Induce Necrotic Death on THP1 Immune Cells","authors":"V. S. Periasamy, Jegan Athinarayanan, A. Alshatwi","doi":"10.3390/chemistry6010008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/chemistry6010008","url":null,"abstract":"High-temperature cooking processes like frying, baking, smoking, or drying can induce chemical transformations in conventional food ingredients, causing deteriorative modifications. These reactions, including hydrolytic, oxidative, and thermal changes, are common and can alter the food’s chemical composition. This study transformed a combination of sucrose and histidine (Su-Hi) through charring or pyrolysis. The GC-MS profiling study showed that when sucrose and histidine (Su-Hi) were exposed to high temperatures (≈240 °C), they produced carbonyl and aromatic compounds including beta-D-Glucopyranose, 1,6-anhydro (10.11%), 2-Butanone, 4,4-dimethoxy- (12.89%), 2(1H)-Quinolinone-hydrazine (5.73%), Benzenamine (6.35%), 2,5-Pyrrolidinedione, 1-[(3,4-dimethylbenzoyl)oxy]- (5.82%), Benzene-(1-ethyl-1-propenyl) (5.62%), and 4-Pyridinamine-2,6-dimethyl (5.52%). The compounds mentioned can permeate the cell membrane and contribute to the development of cell death by necrosis in human immune cells. The evidence suggests that a specific set of pyrolytic compounds may pose a risk to immune cells. This investigation reveals the complex relationship between high-temperature cooking-induced transformations, compound permeation inside the cells, and downstream cellular responses, emphasizing the significance of considering the broader health implications of food chemical contaminants.","PeriodicalId":9850,"journal":{"name":"Chemistry","volume":" 40","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139621482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-11DOI: 10.3390/chemistry6010006
Di Li
This Special Issue of Chemistry is a themed issue of “Functional Biomolecule-Based Composites and Nanostructures: Current Developments and Applications” in honor of Itamar Willner to celebrate his innovative research career [...]
{"title":"Special Issue “Functional Biomolecule-Based Composites and Nanostructures: Current Developments and Applications—A Themed Issue in Honor of Prof. Dr. Itamar Willner”","authors":"Di Li","doi":"10.3390/chemistry6010006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/chemistry6010006","url":null,"abstract":"This Special Issue of Chemistry is a themed issue of “Functional Biomolecule-Based Composites and Nanostructures: Current Developments and Applications” in honor of Itamar Willner to celebrate his innovative research career [...]","PeriodicalId":9850,"journal":{"name":"Chemistry","volume":"43 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139533895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-11DOI: 10.3390/chemistry6010007
H. Pellissier
This review collects the recent developments in the field of enantioselective scandium-catalyzed transformations published since the beginning of 2016, illustrating the power of chiral scandium catalysts to promote all types of reactions.
{"title":"Recent Developments in Enantioselective Scandium-Catalyzed Transformations","authors":"H. Pellissier","doi":"10.3390/chemistry6010007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/chemistry6010007","url":null,"abstract":"This review collects the recent developments in the field of enantioselective scandium-catalyzed transformations published since the beginning of 2016, illustrating the power of chiral scandium catalysts to promote all types of reactions.","PeriodicalId":9850,"journal":{"name":"Chemistry","volume":" 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139625409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-20DOI: 10.3390/chemistry6010002
Mathis Mortensen Brette, Allan Hjarbæk Holm, A. Drozdov, J. Christiansen
Polyamides (PAs) undergo local environmental degradation, leading to a decline in their mechanical properties over time. PAs can experience various forms of degradation, such as thermal degradation, oxidation, hydrothermal oxidation, UV oxidation, and hydrolysis. In order to better comprehend the degradation process of PAs, it is crucial to understand each of these degradation mechanisms individually. While this review focuses on hydrolysis, the data from degrading similar PAs under pure thermal oxidation and/or hydrothermal oxidation are also collected to grasp more perspective. This review analyzes the available characterization data and evaluates the changes in molecular weight, crystallinity, chemical structure, and mechanical properties of PAs that have aged in oxygen-free water at high temperatures. The molecular weight and mechanical strength decrease as the crystallinity ratio rises over aging time. This development is occurring at a slower rate than degradation in pure thermal oxidation. By combining the data for the changes in mechanical properties with the ones for molecular weight and crystallinity, the point of embrittlement can be not only predicted, but also modeled. This prediction is also shown to be dependent on the fibers, additives, types of PA, pH, and more.
聚酰胺（PA）会随着时间的推移发生局部环境降解，导致其机械性能下降。聚酰胺会经历各种形式的降解，例如热降解、氧化、水热氧化、紫外线氧化和水解。为了更好地理解 PA 的降解过程，必须逐一了解这些降解机制。虽然本综述侧重于水解，但也收集了类似 PA 在纯热氧化和/或水热氧化条件下的降解数据，以便从更多角度把握 PA 的降解过程。本综述分析了现有的表征数据，并评估了在高温无氧水中老化的 PA 在分子量、结晶度、化学结构和机械性能方面的变化。随着老化时间的延长，分子量和机械强度随着结晶度比率的增加而降低。这种变化的速度比纯热氧化降解的速度要慢。通过将机械性能变化数据与分子量和结晶度变化数据相结合，不仅可以预测脆化点，还可以建立模型。研究还表明，这种预测与纤维、添加剂、聚酰胺类型、pH 值等因素有关。
{"title":"Pure Hydrolysis of Polyamides: A Comparative Study","authors":"Mathis Mortensen Brette, Allan Hjarbæk Holm, A. Drozdov, J. Christiansen","doi":"10.3390/chemistry6010002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/chemistry6010002","url":null,"abstract":"Polyamides (PAs) undergo local environmental degradation, leading to a decline in their mechanical properties over time. PAs can experience various forms of degradation, such as thermal degradation, oxidation, hydrothermal oxidation, UV oxidation, and hydrolysis. In order to better comprehend the degradation process of PAs, it is crucial to understand each of these degradation mechanisms individually. While this review focuses on hydrolysis, the data from degrading similar PAs under pure thermal oxidation and/or hydrothermal oxidation are also collected to grasp more perspective. This review analyzes the available characterization data and evaluates the changes in molecular weight, crystallinity, chemical structure, and mechanical properties of PAs that have aged in oxygen-free water at high temperatures. The molecular weight and mechanical strength decrease as the crystallinity ratio rises over aging time. This development is occurring at a slower rate than degradation in pure thermal oxidation. By combining the data for the changes in mechanical properties with the ones for molecular weight and crystallinity, the point of embrittlement can be not only predicted, but also modeled. This prediction is also shown to be dependent on the fibers, additives, types of PA, pH, and more.","PeriodicalId":9850,"journal":{"name":"Chemistry","volume":"105 28","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138958678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-19DOI: 10.3390/chemistry6010001
Anna V. Tsyganova, Artem O. Petrov, A. Shastin, Natalia V. Filatova, V. Mumyatova, Alexander E. Tarasov, Alina V. Lolaeva, Georgii V. Malkov
A new method for the synthesis of azido-propargyloxy derivatives of 1,3,5-triazine has been developed utilizing the nitrosation of hydrazyno-1,3,5-triazines. New hydrazines (2-hydrazino-4,6-bis(propargyloxy)-1,3,5-triazine and 2,4-dihydrazino-6-propargyloxy-1,3,5-triazine) were synthesized and characterized via FTIR, NMR spectroscopy and elemental analysis. The hyperbranched polymers with azide (diazide monomer) and propargyloxy terminal groups were obtained via the azide-alkyne polycycloaddition reaction of diazide and monoazide AB2-type monomers. The antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli bacteria of 2,4,6-trispropargyloxy-1,3,5-triazine, 2-azido-4,6-bispropargyloxy-1,3,5-triazine, and 2,4-diazido-6-propargyloxy-1,3,5-triazine and their hyperbranched polymers was studied. Only 2,4-diazido-6-propargyloxy-1,3,5-triazine has weak antibacterial activity in comparison with ampicillin. The cytotoxicity of these compounds against M-HeLa, FetMSC, and Vero cell lines was also studied. 2,4,6-trispropargyloxy-1,3,5-triazine does not show any cytotoxic effect (IC50 ≥ 280 µM). It was shown that the presence of an azide group in the compound directly affects the cytotoxic effect. Hyperbranched polymers have a less cytotoxic effect against M-HeLa (IC50 > 100) in comparison with monomers (IC50 = 90–99 µM). This makes it possible to use these polymers as the basis for biocompatible materials in biomedical applications.
{"title":"Synthesis, Antibacterial Activity, and Cytotoxicity of Azido-Propargyloxy 1,3,5-Triazine Derivatives and Hyperbranched Polymers","authors":"Anna V. Tsyganova, Artem O. Petrov, A. Shastin, Natalia V. Filatova, V. Mumyatova, Alexander E. Tarasov, Alina V. Lolaeva, Georgii V. Malkov","doi":"10.3390/chemistry6010001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/chemistry6010001","url":null,"abstract":"A new method for the synthesis of azido-propargyloxy derivatives of 1,3,5-triazine has been developed utilizing the nitrosation of hydrazyno-1,3,5-triazines. New hydrazines (2-hydrazino-4,6-bis(propargyloxy)-1,3,5-triazine and 2,4-dihydrazino-6-propargyloxy-1,3,5-triazine) were synthesized and characterized via FTIR, NMR spectroscopy and elemental analysis. The hyperbranched polymers with azide (diazide monomer) and propargyloxy terminal groups were obtained via the azide-alkyne polycycloaddition reaction of diazide and monoazide AB2-type monomers. The antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli bacteria of 2,4,6-trispropargyloxy-1,3,5-triazine, 2-azido-4,6-bispropargyloxy-1,3,5-triazine, and 2,4-diazido-6-propargyloxy-1,3,5-triazine and their hyperbranched polymers was studied. Only 2,4-diazido-6-propargyloxy-1,3,5-triazine has weak antibacterial activity in comparison with ampicillin. The cytotoxicity of these compounds against M-HeLa, FetMSC, and Vero cell lines was also studied. 2,4,6-trispropargyloxy-1,3,5-triazine does not show any cytotoxic effect (IC50 ≥ 280 µM). It was shown that the presence of an azide group in the compound directly affects the cytotoxic effect. Hyperbranched polymers have a less cytotoxic effect against M-HeLa (IC50 > 100) in comparison with monomers (IC50 = 90–99 µM). This makes it possible to use these polymers as the basis for biocompatible materials in biomedical applications.","PeriodicalId":9850,"journal":{"name":"Chemistry","volume":"117 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138959675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-12DOI: 10.3390/chemistry5040177
Momoko Kimata, Takumi Abe
The first total synthesis of the proposed structure of unprecedented indolyl derivative bearing 1,2-propanediol moiety is described. Isomerization of 3-alkoxyindolines through indolenium intermediates was the key step in the total synthesis. 1H, 13C-NMR, IR, and HRMS spectra of the synthetic compound drastically differed to those of the originally reported structure, which suggests the natural product requires revision.
{"title":"Total Synthesis of the Proposed Structure of Indolyl 1,2-Propanediol Alkaloid, 1-(1H-Indol-3-yloxy)propan-2-ol","authors":"Momoko Kimata, Takumi Abe","doi":"10.3390/chemistry5040177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/chemistry5040177","url":null,"abstract":"The first total synthesis of the proposed structure of unprecedented indolyl derivative bearing 1,2-propanediol moiety is described. Isomerization of 3-alkoxyindolines through indolenium intermediates was the key step in the total synthesis. 1H, 13C-NMR, IR, and HRMS spectra of the synthetic compound drastically differed to those of the originally reported structure, which suggests the natural product requires revision.","PeriodicalId":9850,"journal":{"name":"Chemistry","volume":"57 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139007190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-12DOI: 10.3390/chemistry5040176
Abeer A. Ageeli, S. F. Mohamed
Brown algae possess a diverse array of acidic polysaccharides, including fucoidan. The present research intends to investigate the extraction and characterization of algal polysaccharides to explore their antiviral activity. A light brown sulfated polysaccharide was extracted (with a yield of 18% of dry weight) from Sargassum asperifolium algal powder. The results of fractionation of sulfated polysaccharide revealed the occurrence of two primary fractions: low-sulfated polysaccharides (SPF1) and high-sulfated polysaccharides (SPF2). The bioassays conducted on SPF2 demonstrated a greater level of antioxidant activity compared to SPF1, with respective IC50 values of 17 ± 1.3 µg/mL and 31 ± 1.1 μg/mL after a duration of 120 min. The cytotoxicity of SPF2 on Vero cells was determined, and the calculated half-maximal cytotoxic concentration (CC50) was found to be 178 ± 1.05 µg/mL. Based on these results, an antiviral activity assay was conducted on SPF2. The results demonstrated that SPF2 had greater efficacy against Hepatitis A Virus (HAV) compared to Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 (HSV-1), with corresponding half-maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50) of 48 ± 1.8 µg/mL and 123 ± 2.6 µg/mL, respectively. The active SPF2 was characterized by FT-IR, 1H, and 13C NMR spectroscopy. The extracted fucoidan can be used as a natural therapeutic agent in combating various viral infections.
{"title":"Structural Characterization, Antioxidant, and Antiviral Activity of Sulfated Polysaccharide (Fucoidan) from Sargassum asperifolium (Turner) J. Agardh","authors":"Abeer A. Ageeli, S. F. Mohamed","doi":"10.3390/chemistry5040176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/chemistry5040176","url":null,"abstract":"Brown algae possess a diverse array of acidic polysaccharides, including fucoidan. The present research intends to investigate the extraction and characterization of algal polysaccharides to explore their antiviral activity. A light brown sulfated polysaccharide was extracted (with a yield of 18% of dry weight) from Sargassum asperifolium algal powder. The results of fractionation of sulfated polysaccharide revealed the occurrence of two primary fractions: low-sulfated polysaccharides (SPF1) and high-sulfated polysaccharides (SPF2). The bioassays conducted on SPF2 demonstrated a greater level of antioxidant activity compared to SPF1, with respective IC50 values of 17 ± 1.3 µg/mL and 31 ± 1.1 μg/mL after a duration of 120 min. The cytotoxicity of SPF2 on Vero cells was determined, and the calculated half-maximal cytotoxic concentration (CC50) was found to be 178 ± 1.05 µg/mL. Based on these results, an antiviral activity assay was conducted on SPF2. The results demonstrated that SPF2 had greater efficacy against Hepatitis A Virus (HAV) compared to Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 (HSV-1), with corresponding half-maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50) of 48 ± 1.8 µg/mL and 123 ± 2.6 µg/mL, respectively. The active SPF2 was characterized by FT-IR, 1H, and 13C NMR spectroscopy. The extracted fucoidan can be used as a natural therapeutic agent in combating various viral infections.","PeriodicalId":9850,"journal":{"name":"Chemistry","volume":"23 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139009662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：