China CDC Weekly最新文献

Introduction: In terms of food preparation settings, catering service facilities have been identified as locations with the highest incidence of foodborne disease outbreaks in China. Since 2010, the China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment has established the Foodborne Disease Outbreak Surveillance System (FDOSS) to monitor foodborne disease outbreaks. Consequently, data from the FDOSS has provided a more accurate depiction of the epidemic characteristics of outbreaks within these facilities.

Methods: From 2010 to 2020, the FDOSS gathered data related to the prevalence of outbreaks, cases, hospitalizations, and deaths linked to foodborne disease outbreaks in catering service facilities. This study examined the temporal and geographical distribution, pathogenic factors, and contributing variables of these outbreaks over the course of the decade.

Results: From 2010 to 2020, China's catering service facilities reported 18,331 outbreaks, which resulted in 206,718 illnesses, 68,561 hospitalizations, and 201 deaths. The second and third quarters of the year accounted for 76.12% of the outbreaks and 72.93% of the cases. The primary pathogenic factors were pathogenic organisms, which caused 4,883 (26.64%) outbreaks, 94,047 (45.50%) cases, 32,170 (46.92%) hospitalizations, and 21 (10.45%) deaths. There were 5,607 (30.59%) outbreaks in restaurants, 2,876 (15.69%) outbreaks from street vendors, and 2,560 (13.97%) outbreaks in employee canteens in China.

Conclusions: The implementation of relevant control methods, including health education and promotion, is critical for addressing foodborne diseases in catering service facilities. Regular food safety training sessions for restaurant personnel and managers are essential to ensuring the effective management of these health risks.

What is already known about this topic?: Since 2014, the Chinese government has advocated for the development of smoking cessation clinics (SCCs) within each provincial-level administrative division (PLAD).

What is added by this report?: In the 2019-2021 period, the self-reported 7-day point prevalence of abstinence rates (PPARs) at 1-month and 3-month follow-up were 26.2% and 23.5%, respectively.

What are the implications for public health practice?: The interventions implemented by SCCs in this investigation proved to be successful. It is imperative to employ extensive tobacco control strategies in order to enhance the motivation of smokers to seek assistance for cessation from SCCs.

What is already known about this topic?: In 2018, unassisted smoking cessation (USC) was the predominant method for quitting smoking among Chinese adult smokers, accounting for 90.1% of cases. The utilization of professional smoking cessation support was comparatively low in this population.

What is added by this report?: In 2020, the prevalence of USC methods increased to 93.1%. Concurrently, there was a slight increase in the utilization of pharmaceuticals (from 4.6% in 2018 to 5.5% in 2020) and counseling and quit line services (from 3.2% in 2018 to 7.5% in 2020). On the other hand, the use of e-cigarettes as a cessation aid decreased from 14.9% in 2018 to 9.8% in 2020. Smokers aged 15-24 years old were more likely to rely on pharmaceutical interventions (7.9%), and less likely to choose USC methods (79.0%).

What are the implications for public health practice?: The promotion of professional cessation support is essential for enhancing smoking cessation rates.

What is already known on this topic?: Mobile health interventions have been demonstrated to be effective in aiding smoking cessation among smokers. Nevertheless, research on this topic remains limited in China.

What is added by this report?: Following two months of utilizing the services of a comprehensive mobile health (mHealth)-based modality ("Way to Quit" modality) which integrated three online interventions through the WeChat application, 29.1% of participating smokers successfully quit smoking. Participants who used a greater number of online services were more likely to cease smoking. All services were scored highly for satisfaction among smokers.

What are the implications for public health practice?: This study presents a practical and feasible method to assist Chinese smokers in quitting smoking. The results of this research suggest a promising direction for enhancing the accessibility and utilization of smoking cessation services. Additionally, these findings serve as a critical reference for addressing the obstacles faced by smoking cessation services in China.

What is already known about this topic?: Prior research has primarily concentrated on occupational health concerns, including injuries and heatstroke, among couriers. Nevertheless, there has been a scarcity of emphasis on mental health aspects, with existing studies predominantly addressing the risk factors associated with occupational stress.

What is added by this report?: The present study demonstrated a significant association between occupational stress and well-being among couriers, with positive coping strategies acting as a mediating factor. Furthermore, the results indicate that implementing a positive coping style may mitigate the impact of occupational stress on well-being.

What are the implications for public health practice?: Future public policy initiatives should focus on promoting the well-being of couriers by fostering improvements in the workplace environment, reevaluating the organization of work, and delivering support to couriers in managing occupational stress.