Ceskoslovenska farmacie最新文献

The present paper investigated histological changes in the myocardium in two potential beta-adrenolytic agents, 4-[3-isopropylamino-2-hydroxypropoxy]-3-[propoxymethyl]acetophenone and 4-[3-isopropylamino-hydroxypropoxy]-3-[pentyloxymethyl]acetophenon e after intravenous administration in doses of 8 mg/kg and 24 mg/kg. It results from the found data that in both agents in the doses used there are no necrotic changes in the myocardium and the values of the impairment range within the 1st degree of Zbinden's classification, comparable to the standard metipranolol.

Plant extracts from Kampo medicines TJ-9 (A), TJ-15 (B), TJ-23 (C), TJ-114 (D) and TJ-96 (E) inhibited peroxidation of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) in vitro and peroxidation of multilamellar liposomes formed by total lipids isolated fro the rat brain. The order of relative efficacy of the extracts in both experiments was as follows: C < D equal to or greater than A < B. Using EPR spectroscopy, the Kampo extracts were found to be oxidated by means of PbO2 and to become relatively stable radicals, which shows that they possess electro-donor properties. A relationship between their ability to inhibit peroxidation of LDL and liposomes and their ability to become a radical was found. The Kampo medicines which produced more radicals inhibited peroxidation of LDL and liposomes more effectively. By means of EPR spectroscopy, Kampo B was found to reduce the vitamin E radical. The results contribute to the understanding of the positive effects of Kampo extracts in the diseases in which a negative influence of free radicals is assumed.

Dithiadenoxide, a product of metabolic S-oxidation of the H1-antihistaminic agent dithiaden (bisulepin, Dithiaden), is also an effective histaminic H1-antagonist in pharmacological experiments in in vivo conditions. In contrast to dithiaden, dithiadenoxide exerts a demonstrable inhibitory action as much as the subtoxic or sublethal dosage in experiments in mice and rats. Its acute toxicity in mice and guinea-pigs substantially decreases; acute toxicological findings in rats are not unambiguous. Other experimental findings demonstrate higher selectivity of pharmacological effects of dithiadenoxide.

Concentrations ranging from 1-9 x 10(-7) mol.dm-3 were employed for in vitro studies. Under the selected experimental conditions, both agents markedly decreased the stimulated consumption of oxygen by the cardiac muscle mitochondria in the condition S3, the rate of the formation of energy by mitochondria as well as the respiratory control index. The coefficient of oxidative phosphorylation was not markedly changed due to the effect of the added agents. The results of the present paper suggest possible integration of the cardiac muscle mitochondria in the oxidative metabolism of the potential beta-adrenolytic agents FA33 and FP33, which requires further in vivo studies.

The present paper reports the results of a survey of contemporary medical prescriptions of solutions, suspensions and emulsions used in dermatological practice. The obtained results were compared with the district prescription lists from Slovakia. The analysis of contemporary prescription was carried out in 27 districts in the years 1987 and 1989. The results show that 112 drugs are prescribed in the preparation of solutions. Most solutions are composite and 90% of solutions are hydrophilic. An analysis of suspensions revealed that in hydrophilic suspensions the liquid media water-glycerol or spirit-water prevail, and in hydrophobic suspensions nearly always plant oils are used. Emulsions are represented in topical extemporaneous preparations in a smaller amount than solutions and suspensions; it is 0.7% in the set under study.

Before 1777, the pharmacist in Slovakia gained their professional qualification by practising in a pharmacy. From the establishment of the University of Trnava to 1777, they attended lectures and took examinations at its Faculty of Medicine, then from 1784 onwards in Budapest. After the establishment of Czechoslovakia, the candidates of pharmacy studied in Prague, and after the closing of Czech universities (1939) in Bratislava. Between 1940 and 1948 there existed a three-year course, and later a four-year course at the Faculty of Medicine, the contents of which were close to the level of the development of sciences and the requirements of pharmaceutical practice. A logical completion of the development of the course of studies was the establishment of independent Faculties of Pharmacy in Bratislava and Brno and the prolongation of the course to five years. Commencing with the academic year 1977/78, the course of studies was divided into three specializations, General Pharmacy, Clinical Pharmacy and Technological Pharmacy. Since the academic year 1990/91 the course is uniform again, with possible differentiations in the profile of the graduate during the course according to the interests and options of the student.