Ceskoslovenska farmacie最新文献

The present paper analyzes the consumption of antibiotics from the viewpoint of the diagnosis, specialization of the prescribing physician, and the age and sex of the out-patients. The analysis concerns the prescription within two months in a pharmacy at a policlinic. The results are presented according to the frequency of diagnosis, polyvalence of the antibiotics and the specialization of the prescribing physician.

The effect of the blockers of calcium channels on the development of myocardial ischaemia in rats with an occlusion of the coronary artery was examined. An occlusion of the coronary artery was carried out in rats anaesthetized with pentobarbital by tightening the ends of the ligature freely placed under the left coronary artery - ramus interventricularis seven days prior to ligation. The ischaemia-induced changes in the R-wave and ST-segment were recorded using ECG. The occlusion of the coronary artery produced arrhythmias, a significant elevation of the ST-segment and a slight increase in the heart rate. The blockers of calcium channels with different pharmacological properties - verapamil, nifedipine and diltiazem influenced the ischaemia-induced changes with different intensity. Nifedipine (0.02 mg.kg-1, i.v., 30 min prior to occlusion), verapamil (0.2 mg.kg-1, i.v., 10 mins prior to ischaemia), and diltiazem (0.3 mg.kg-1, i.v., 10 mins prior to ischemia) significantly reduced the increased elevation of the ST-segment. The highest effect on the above-mentioned model was shown by verapamil.

The main features of development of the Pharmaceutical Society as the only scientific, specialist and professional organization in the years 1950-1990 are surveyed. Increasing activities of the Society, extenvicity of the arranged actions and increasing interest of pharmacists to participate are stressed. Attention is drawn to the regular changes in the activity of the Society in the present time which result from the establishment and activity of the Pharmaceutical Chamber and the need to intensity the trade union movement. The Czech Pharmaceutical Society must continue tu guarantee the scientific standard of Czech pharmacy and appropriate foreign co-operation. Pharmacists working in the individual pharmaceutical sciences should assume positions in the management of the Society and its journal.

In 1892-1896 Ivan Honl and Jaroslav Bukovský successfully tested pyocyaneoprotein (pyocynase), later used as the pharmaceutical preparation Tonsilan, in the therapy of crural ulcers and other bacterial diseases. In 1911 Honl prepared pyocyaneoprotein as the first antibiotic in the form of tablets called Anginol-tablets. Anginol was used in the Czech Lands in infectious diseases of the pharynx and larynx, particularly in tonsillitis, until the end of the Second World War. The present paper reports the procedure of compounding Anginol-tablets and their composition.

The anti-inflammatory activity of selected mononuclear Aqua(aryloxyacetato)copper(II) complexes with the composition [Cu(R-O-CH2COO)2(H2O)n].mH2O (R = phenyl, n = 3; m = 0), 4-chlorophenyl (2; 0), 4-chloro-2-methylphenyl (2; 0) and naphthyl (2; 2) was examined using rat paw dextrano edema. The antiphlogistic effects of the tested complexes were compared to those for corresponding aryloxyacetic acids and salicylic acid and its Cu(II) salt. The compounds were administered i.p. in a single effective dose of 10 mg/kg. The complexes with R = phenyl, 4-chlorophenyl and 4-chloro-2-methylphenyl exhibited a biological activity comparable to that of copper(II) salicylate tetrahydrate.

The antimicrobial activities of a group of copper(II) chelates with the composition [Cu(TSB)(L)] or [Cu(TSB)(L')]. (TSB = N-salicylidene-L-alpha-alaninate dianion, L = imidazole and its alkyl derivatives, L' = pyrazole and 3,5-dimethylpyrazole) were studied. Bis-diazole complexes with L' = pyrazole and 3,5-dimethylpyrazole were found to be the most active against S. aureus (MIC = 78 and 20 micrograms.cm-3), less effective against C. albicans (156 micrograms.cm-3), T. terrestre and M. gypseum (100 micrograms.cm-3). The observed biological properties of complexes are discussed in relation to their proposed structures.

In a series of 24 compounds of the type of dibasic alkylesters of 2-, and 3-alkoxy substituted phenylcarbamic acids, esterified alcohols 1-dipropylamino-3-pyrrolidino (piperidino or perhydroazepino)-2-propanol were used. It follows from the results of pharmacological evaluation that these compounds possess a high index of effectiveness in surface and infiltration anaesthesia compared to the standards of cocaine and procaine. Maximum effectiveness in surface anaesthesia was shown by [1-dipropylaminomethyl)-2- (piperidino)ethyl]-ester of 3-butoxyphenylcarbamic acids whose activity is as much as 180 times higher than that of cocaine. Maximum effectiveness in infiltration anaesthesia was shown by [1-dipropylaminomethyl)-2-(pyrrolidino)ethyl] ester of pentyloxyphenylcarbamic acid achieving an activity 250 times higher than that of standard procaine. The prepared compounds are more effective in the case of infiltration than in the case of surface anaesthesia.

Salvia officinalis L. is an essential oil containing plant, which does not wildly grow in the territories of the Czech and Slovak Republics but it can be successfully cultivated. It is a perennial half-shrub, from which non-flowering herbaceous sprouts or leaves are collected for pharmaceutical purposes. After drying at a temperature not exceeding 35 degrees C they are the plant drugs Herba salviae or Folium salviae. In PhBs, Herba salviae is official. The drug contains mainly ethereal oil (1-2%), diterpenes, triterpenes and tannin. The pharmacopoeial criterion of quality is the content of essential oil, which is produced in an increased amount in the plant in warm summer months. Herba salviae and the extracts prepared from it are used as an antiseptic agent, an antiphlogistic agent, in the inflammations of the oral cavity and gingivitis and also as a stomachic and an antihydrotic agent. Its utilization in cosmetics and food industry is also of importance.