Wiley最新文献

This paper presents a proposed inverter-based triple-tail comparator designed for high-speed and high-efficiency applications in analogue-to-digital converters. In this proposed comparator, auxiliary inverter based pre-amplifier is proposed to maintain the gain of the pre-amplification stage and bolstering the robustness of the pre-amplifier. Combined with offset cancelled technique, the definite state for each prior to comparison eliminates hysteresis effects. Utilizing the 28 nm CMOS process, the comparator achieves a high-speed data conversion rate of 2 GHz and a root mean square offset of 1.5 mV, representing a reduction of over 62% compared to traditional structures.

Immune Thrombocytopenia

The exosomes from patients with immune thrombocytopenia induce complement system activation through delivery of FCN2 and MBL2, triggering platelet destruction and hyperactivation of immune cells. The hyperactivated immune cells exploit resistin, MIF and arachidonic acid metabolism to enforce aberrant immune responses- akin to insurgents in hot-air balloons igniting rampant fires across a lightly guarded industrial zone, ultimately unleashing toxic chemical leaks. More details can be found in article number 2412378 by Rongqun Guo, Yong Jiang, Yanxia Gao, and co-workers.

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are frequently employed as electrode materials for supercapacitors due to their high specific surface area and tunable pore structures. However, this class of materials suffers from low conductivity and cyclic stability, which deteriorates their capacitive performance. Herein, we made a simple hydrothermal synthesis approach to prepare a bimetallic MOF and activated carbon (AC) composite. The easy availability, extremely cheap, and porous bamboo structure makes it suitable for AC production. It exhibits a distinct structure, where the NiCo-MOF nano flakes are outspreaded on the ACs’ surface. Compared with the pristine NiCo-MOF, the composite has enhanced electrochemical performance. The specific capacitance of NiCo-MOF and NiCo-MOF/AC in three electrode measurements are 420 F g⁻¹ and 685 F g⁻¹. It exhibits a 63% improvement in particular capacitance. The rate capability of composite electrodes is about 60% when the current density at 12 A g⁻¹. Also, it exhibits good cyclic stability of about 91% after 1000 cycles at 5 A g⁻¹. This study shows that soft, chemically synthesized, bimetallic MOF/bamboo-derived AC can be a promising electrode material for SC applications.

This study explores the development of a pH-responsive drug delivery system using folic acid (FA) conjugated chitosan (CS) coated curcumin (Curn) encapsulated in zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) for targeted cancer therapy. The synthesis of FA@CS-coated Curn@ZIF-8 was done through a series of chemical reactions, and the resulting nanocarrier was characterized using UV–vis spectroscopy, FT-IR, PXRD, SEM, and N₂ adsorption–desorption isotherms. The UV–vis and FT-IR analyses confirmed the effective encapsulation of Curn in the ZIF-8 framework, while SEM and N₂ adsorption studies revealed changes in morphology and porosity. In vitro drug release studies demonstrated that the FA@CS coating significantly enhanced controlled drug release under acidic conditions, mimicking the tumor microenvironment. The MTT assay and microscopic observations indicated a substantial reduction in MCF-7 cell viability, showing the system's potent anticancer efficacy. This pH-responsive drug delivery platform offers promising advancements in targeted therapy, with potential benefits for minimizing off-target effects and improving treatment outcomes in cancer therapy.

The study proposes an advanced control technique for modular-structured series-resonant converters, unifying pulse-density modulation (PDM) and phase-shift control to mitigate output current amplitude fluctuations. Series-resonant converters, widely utilised for their efficiency in various applications, typically employ PDM to achieve zero-voltage and quasi-zero-current switching, minimising switching losses. However, these converters often encounter challenges with amplitude fluctuations in the output current, particularly during deep current regulation, which can compromise performance and lead to increased electromagnetic interference and overvoltage issues. The presented control strategy combines PDM with phase-shift control, significantly reducing these fluctuations and maintaining higher minimum peak currents. This unified approach ensures greater stability and efficiency in the converter's operation. Detailed experimental validation confirms the theoretical benefits, highlighting the proposed method's superiority over traditional PDM control techniques in achieving stable and efficient converter performance.

Novel Nanomedicine for Kidney Disease

Podocyte injury is a hallmark of proteinuric glomerular diseases. In article number 2410747, Seung Hee Yang, Byung Hee Hong, Yon Su Kim, and colleagues unveil graphene quantum dots (GQDs) as a cutting-edge therapeutic strategy for combating nephrotoxicity and chronic kidney disease (CKD). By selectively inhibiting transient receptor potential channel 5 (TRPC5) activity, GQDs effectively suppress inflammation, fibrosis, and apoptosis, thereby preserving intracellular calcium homeostasis. Furthermore, GQDs enhance mitochondrial membrane potential in kidney podocytes, safeguarding renal function and ameliorating podocyte-related injuries.

Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) is one of the most important ready-to-eat vegetables widely consumed worldwide owing to its nutritional and health benefits. A total of 111 peaks were identified via gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) with sugars represented the most abundant primary metabolite class detected in lettuce specially in sandy soil grown lettuce compared to that in mud soil. The highest sugar level was detected in iceberg lettuce grown in sand soil at 967.1 mg/g versus lowest in “Baladi” lettuce grown in mud soil at 48.2 mg/g. Glucose represented the major sugar at 733.4 mg in iceberg grown in sand soil (SC) compared to 94.7 mg/g in that grown in muddy soil (MC). Sucrose detected at 212-434 mg/g compared to traces in samples grown in muddy soil (MB and MC). Higher levels of amino acids were detected in green leaf lettuce in sandy soil (SC) at 130 mg/g, with L-proline as the major amino form. Iceberg lettuce grown in SC was discriminated from other samples with the aid of chemometric analysis due to its richness in sugars, while green leaf lettuce in SC was discriminated by its richness in amino acids, organic acids, and sugar alcohols.

In this study, Ag/MO₂ (M═Ce, Zr, Sn, and Ti) nanomaterials were synthesized via a surfactant-free one-step hydrothermal process followed by calcination at 500 °C for 5 h and investigated the impact of different metal oxides on Ag-based nanomaterials as catalysts for CO oxidation. Comprehensive characterization analysis using various techniques including XRD, BET, FE-SEM with EDS and elemental mapping, TEM, HR-TEM with SAED and XPS, provided insights into the physicochemical properties of the Ag/MO₂ nanomaterials. Depending on the variation in the redox (Ag/CeO₂ and Ag/TiO₂) and nonredox (Ag/ZrO₂ and Ag/SnO₂) nature of metal oxides, Ag metallic state, crystallite sizes, surface area, morphology, and adsorbed surface oxygen are affected. The catalytic activity towards the CO oxidation was in the order: Ag/CeO₂> Ag/ZrO₂> Ag/TiO₂>> Ag/SnO₂. This enhanced performance can be attributed to the presence of metallic Ag, abundant surface oxygen (46.46%), improved interaction between metallic Ag and CeO₂ due to rice-ball structure. Ag/CeO₂ exhibited better catalytic activity even after 3 consecutive cycles toward CO oxidation (T_50% = 150 °C). This resilience can be linked to the stable spherical morphology and intact rice-ball structure. The findings demonstrate the impact of metal oxides on Ag-based nanomaterials physicochemical properties and thus CO oxidation activity.

Cancer, with its steadily increasing morbidity and mortality, will continue to pose a threat to humanity over an extended period. Chemotherapeutics play an indispensable role in cancer treatment, and hundreds of drugs have been approved for this purpose. Nevertheless, the fight against cancer remains a formidable challenge. This is mainly due to the emergence of multidrug resistance and the severe side effects associated with currently available anticancer drugs. Consequently, there is an urgent imperative to explore novel chemotherapeutic agents. 1,2,3-Triazoles belong to one of the most privileged classes of nitrogen-containing five-membered heterocycles and are regarded as prominent sources for the development of innovative anticancer chemotherapeutics. 1,2,3-Triazole hybrids, which possess multitargeted mechanisms of action within the cancer progression pathway, hold the potential to overcome multidrug resistance and mitigate side effects. Furthermore, several 1,2,3-triazole hybrids have already been approved for cancer therapy or are currently under clinical evaluation. This clearly demonstrates that 1,2,3-triazole hybrids are valuable scaffolds in the treatment and eradication of cancer. This review aims to provide insights into the anticancer therapeutic potential of 1,2,3-triazole hybrids, along with their mechanisms of action, crucial aspects of design, and structure–activity relationships (SARs). It encompasses articles published from 2021 onward.

Outer space is an extreme environment and the survival of many microorganisms after spaceflight is well established. However, adaptations of Bacillus subtilis to space stress, particularly metabolism, are largely unknown. Here, we first performed a spaceflight mission of the B. subtilis TD7 strain and compared the spaceflight-exposed strain with the wild-type in terms of their phenotype, biofilm formation and secondary metabolism. The spaceflight-exposed strain exhibited slower growth, different morphology and decreased biofilm formation. Importantly, a decline in lipopeptide production was observed after spaceflight. Multi-omics approaches were used to uncover the molecular mechanisms underlying secondary metabolism and 997 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were found, involving the TCA cycle, fatty acid degradation, amino acid biosynthesis and quorum sensing systems. Further analysis of 26 lipopeptide-related DEGs further elucidated the relationship between the space environment and secondary metabolism regulation. Our findings could contribute to a better understanding of the relationship between the space environment and microbial adaptation mechanisms.