Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.32737/2221-8688-2023-1-21-28
G. Ajalova, Kh.I. Hasanov, A. N. Azizova, Sh.Q. Qasımov, K. K. Badalova
The interaction of dithiodiethylamine (cystamine) (L1 ) with Pt(II) in aqueous medium was studied and it showed that in aqueous solutions in an acidic medium, the disulfide bond L1 was cleaved, followed by coordination of platinum to form β-mercaptoethylamine (mercamine, LH). Depending upon the reaction conditions, binuclear complexes of composition µ(S)[Рt2(LН)2С14](I), µ(Cl)[Рt2(LН)2С14](II) with bridging chlorine or sulfur atoms were formed. At 70°С, a compound with a bridged position of sulfur atoms (complex I), and at lower temperatures (30-500 ) with a bridged position of chlorine atoms (complex II) were formed. X-ray structural analysis of the complex [Рt2(LН)2С14] (I) was carried out. Crystals I are rhombic, with 20°Са = 17.282(1), b = 9.986(1), с = 8.0188(9) Å;R = 0.029. Molecule I is a binuclear complex in which platinum atoms are linked by a pair of bridging thiolate ligands (-SСН2-СН2-МН3 + ). The Pt2S2 metallocycleis are bent along the sulfur-sulfur line, so that the dihedral angle between the coordination planes of platinum atoms is equal to 138°. The S–S distance, equal to 2.909(1) Å, is noticeably shorter than the doubled van der Waals radius of the sulfur atom (3.60 Å). The structure of the complexes was also confirmed by IR spectroscopy data.
研究了二硫代二乙胺(胱胺)(L1)与Pt(II)在水介质中的相互作用，结果表明，在酸性介质的水溶液中，二硫键L1被断裂，随后铂配位生成β-巯基乙胺(LH)。根据反应条件的不同，形成了由µ(S)[Рt2(LН)2С14](I)、µ(Cl)[Рt2(LН)2С14](II)和桥接氯或硫原子组成的双核配合物。在70°С时，形成了具有桥接位置的硫原子(配合物I)的化合物，在较低温度(30-500)下形成了具有桥接位置的氯原子(配合物II)的化合物。对配合物进行了x射线结构分析[Рt2(LН)2С14](1)。晶体I为菱形，20°Са = 17.282(1)， b = 9.986(1)， p = 8.0188(9) Å;R = 0.029。分子I是一个双核配合物，其中铂原子由一对桥接硫酸盐配体连接(-SСН2-СН2-МН3 +)。Pt2S2金属环沿硫-硫线弯曲，使得铂原子配位面之间的二面角为138°。S-S距离等于2.909(1)Å，明显短于硫原子的双范德华半径(3.60 Å)。红外光谱数据也证实了配合物的结构。
{"title":"SYNTHESIS AND STRUCTURE OF PLATINUM (II) COMPLEXES WITH DECOMPOSITION PRODUCT OF DITHIODIETHYLAMINE βMERCAPTOETHYLAMINE","authors":"G. Ajalova, Kh.I. Hasanov, A. N. Azizova, Sh.Q. Qasımov, K. K. Badalova","doi":"10.32737/2221-8688-2023-1-21-28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32737/2221-8688-2023-1-21-28","url":null,"abstract":"The interaction of dithiodiethylamine (cystamine) (L1 ) with Pt(II) in aqueous medium was studied and it showed that in aqueous solutions in an acidic medium, the disulfide bond L1 was cleaved, followed by coordination of platinum to form β-mercaptoethylamine (mercamine, LH). Depending upon the reaction conditions, binuclear complexes of composition µ(S)[Рt2(LН)2С14](I), µ(Cl)[Рt2(LН)2С14](II) with bridging chlorine or sulfur atoms were formed. At 70°С, a compound with a bridged position of sulfur atoms (complex I), and at lower temperatures (30-500 ) with a bridged position of chlorine atoms (complex II) were formed. X-ray structural analysis of the complex [Рt2(LН)2С14] (I) was carried out. Crystals I are rhombic, with 20°Са = 17.282(1), b = 9.986(1), с = 8.0188(9) Å;R = 0.029. Molecule I is a binuclear complex in which platinum atoms are linked by a pair of bridging thiolate ligands (-SСН2-СН2-МН3 + ). The Pt2S2 metallocycleis are bent along the sulfur-sulfur line, so that the dihedral angle between the coordination planes of platinum atoms is equal to 138°. The S–S distance, equal to 2.909(1) Å, is noticeably shorter than the doubled van der Waals radius of the sulfur atom (3.60 Å). The structure of the complexes was also confirmed by IR spectroscopy data.","PeriodicalId":10015,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Problems","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87431373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.32737/2221-8688-2023-3-211-220
T. Marsagishvili, M. Machavariani
Some problems of vibrational spectroscopy of particles in condensed systems are considered in this work. One of the aspects of theoretical research is the study of the vibrational properties of individual particles in view of the nano-dimension of the molecules of the condensed system surrounding the particle. Using the apparatus of temperature, Green functions of the operators of polarization of condensed systems, two main mechanisms of influence on impurity particles from the medium, solvation and fluctuation, are distinguished. Theoretical results are obtained within the framework of these two mechanisms for calculating changes in the vibrational spectrum of individual particles. The theoretical results are used to analyze the experimental data on the vibrational spectra of the N2O molecule in polar solvents: methanol, ethyl alcohol, acetone, and 1,2-dichloroethane.
{"title":"THEORETICAL ASPECTS OF VIBRATIONAL SPECTROSCOPY OF CONDENSED SYSTEMS WITH IMPURITY PARTICLES","authors":"T. Marsagishvili, M. Machavariani","doi":"10.32737/2221-8688-2023-3-211-220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32737/2221-8688-2023-3-211-220","url":null,"abstract":"Some problems of vibrational spectroscopy of particles in condensed systems are considered in this work. One of the aspects of theoretical research is the study of the vibrational properties of individual particles in view of the nano-dimension of the molecules of the condensed system surrounding the particle. Using the apparatus of temperature, Green functions of the operators of polarization of condensed systems, two main mechanisms of influence on impurity particles from the medium, solvation and fluctuation, are distinguished. Theoretical results are obtained within the framework of these two mechanisms for calculating changes in the vibrational spectrum of individual particles. The theoretical results are used to analyze the experimental data on the vibrational spectra of the N2O molecule in polar solvents: methanol, ethyl alcohol, acetone, and 1,2-dichloroethane.","PeriodicalId":10015,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Problems","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90512334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.32737/2221-8688-2023-2-178-187
I. Zarbaliyeva, H. Nabiyeva, Amina Alimova, S. Zargarova
This article includes thorough information on the synthesis process and physicochemical properties of the products generated from the reaction of dodecanoic acid and ethane-1,2-diamine IR spectroscopy was used to confirm the structure and composition of the reaction products. Several parameters of the obtained surfactants were distinguished, including surface tension, electrical conductivity, and petro-dispersing parameters. Comparative analysis has been given based on the properties of the mono and gemini surfactant. At last, final suggestions were made, taking into account the salts' applicable qualities.
{"title":"COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF NEW MONOMER AND GEMINI SURFACTANTS SYNTHESIZED ON THE BASIS OF DODECANOIC ACID AND ETHANE-1,2- DIAMINE DEPENDING ON THEIR MOLAR RATIO","authors":"I. Zarbaliyeva, H. Nabiyeva, Amina Alimova, S. Zargarova","doi":"10.32737/2221-8688-2023-2-178-187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32737/2221-8688-2023-2-178-187","url":null,"abstract":"This article includes thorough information on the synthesis process and physicochemical properties of the products generated from the reaction of dodecanoic acid and ethane-1,2-diamine IR spectroscopy was used to confirm the structure and composition of the reaction products. Several parameters of the obtained surfactants were distinguished, including surface tension, electrical conductivity, and petro-dispersing parameters. Comparative analysis has been given based on the properties of the mono and gemini surfactant. At last, final suggestions were made, taking into account the salts' applicable qualities.","PeriodicalId":10015,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Problems","volume":"10 1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82673013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.32737/2221-8688-2023-1-64-71
M. Jafarli, A. Abbasov
The IR spectrum of DIAION CRBO2 anionite synthesized on the basis of a chelating agent, a styrene macromolecule with a glucamine functional group, has been studied. Sorption properties of anionite with respect to the germanium(IV)-copper(II)-Cl-system have been studied.. It is shown that the interaction of hydroxyl and amino groups of anionite with germanate and copper(II) ions is based on the formation of corresponding complexes. Various variants of sorption isotherms are constructed, calculation equations are proposed, which are followed by isotherms, the role of external, mixed and internal diffusion on the basis of the kinetic mechanism of processes is clarified.The desorption mode of the studied components from the treated anionite column was determined.
{"title":"EQUILIBRIUM CONDITIONS, ADSORPTION KINETICS OF THE GeO2-Cu(II)-NaCl SYSTEM ON DIAION CRBO2 ANIONITE AND DESORPTION MODE FROM SPENT COLUMNS","authors":"M. Jafarli, A. Abbasov","doi":"10.32737/2221-8688-2023-1-64-71","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32737/2221-8688-2023-1-64-71","url":null,"abstract":"The IR spectrum of DIAION CRBO2 anionite synthesized on the basis of a chelating agent, a styrene macromolecule with a glucamine functional group, has been studied. Sorption properties of anionite with respect to the germanium(IV)-copper(II)-Cl-system have been studied.. It is shown that the interaction of hydroxyl and amino groups of anionite with germanate and copper(II) ions is based on the formation of corresponding complexes. Various variants of sorption isotherms are constructed, calculation equations are proposed, which are followed by isotherms, the role of external, mixed and internal diffusion on the basis of the kinetic mechanism of processes is clarified.The desorption mode of the studied components from the treated anionite column was determined.","PeriodicalId":10015,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Problems","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75404536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.32737/2221-8688-2023-1-48-56
V. Farzaliyev, Sh.R. Aliyev, R. Babai, R. Mammadova, G. Guliyeva, A. Mammadov, G.Sh. Eivazova
The electrochemical corrosion prevention of engines and mechanisms is a task of great national, economic and defense importance. Lubricating oils commonly used in engineering do not have sufficient protective properties and are unable to effectively protect it from corrosion, both during operation and during short-term and long-term inactivity. One of the simplest and most rational ways to solve this problem is the use of lubricants containing effective protective (conservation) additives, which, without worsening the normal working properties of oils provide them conservation properties. By the action of 3-mercapto-2- hydroxypropyl-1-isobutyl ether, taken as a synthon, with secondary aliphatic and heterocyclic amines under the conditions of the Mannich reaction, a number of aminomethyl derivatives were synthesized. Aminomethyl derivatives of 3-mercapto-2-hydroxypropyl-1-isobutyl ether are dissolved well in oils and are stable during storage. The protective properties of the synthesized compounds were studied in M-12 oil. The best test results were obtained with 3-piperidinomethilthio-2-hydroxypropyl-1-isobutyl ether - at a concentration of 1% to the lubricating oil M-12, the corrosion of a steel plate in a humid chamber is 3%, in sea water after 24 hours – 5%, the corrosion of a steel plate under the action of a 0.1% acid solution HBr – 3,5%. These results are higher than those of the standard - industrial additive urea succinimide. (SIM).
{"title":"SYNTHESIS OF AMINOMETHYL DERIVATIVES OF 3-MERCAPTO-2- HYDROXYPROPYL-1-ISOBUTYL ETHER AND THEIR STUDY AS PROTECTIVE ADDITIVES TO LUBRICANT OILS","authors":"V. Farzaliyev, Sh.R. Aliyev, R. Babai, R. Mammadova, G. Guliyeva, A. Mammadov, G.Sh. Eivazova","doi":"10.32737/2221-8688-2023-1-48-56","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32737/2221-8688-2023-1-48-56","url":null,"abstract":"The electrochemical corrosion prevention of engines and mechanisms is a task of great national, economic and defense importance. Lubricating oils commonly used in engineering do not have sufficient protective properties and are unable to effectively protect it from corrosion, both during operation and during short-term and long-term inactivity. One of the simplest and most rational ways to solve this problem is the use of lubricants containing effective protective (conservation) additives, which, without worsening the normal working properties of oils provide them conservation properties. By the action of 3-mercapto-2- hydroxypropyl-1-isobutyl ether, taken as a synthon, with secondary aliphatic and heterocyclic amines under the conditions of the Mannich reaction, a number of aminomethyl derivatives were synthesized. Aminomethyl derivatives of 3-mercapto-2-hydroxypropyl-1-isobutyl ether are dissolved well in oils and are stable during storage. The protective properties of the synthesized compounds were studied in M-12 oil. The best test results were obtained with 3-piperidinomethilthio-2-hydroxypropyl-1-isobutyl ether - at a concentration of 1% to the lubricating oil M-12, the corrosion of a steel plate in a humid chamber is 3%, in sea water after 24 hours – 5%, the corrosion of a steel plate under the action of a 0.1% acid solution HBr – 3,5%. These results are higher than those of the standard - industrial additive urea succinimide. (SIM).","PeriodicalId":10015,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Problems","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76029621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.32737/2221-8688-2023-3-242-250
B.P. Karlybaeva, G. Berdimbetova, A. Boymirzaev
This article presents for the first-time the sulfated chitosan (SCS), synthesized on the basis of chitin/chitosan obtained from cysts of the Karakalpak population of Artemia parthenogenetica of the Aral Sea, and some of its physicochemical characteristics. Structural studies of chitin/chitosan and SCS were carried out by infrared spectroscopy. The IR spectrum data showed amide I (C=O-NHR) bands characteristic of chitin at 1640 cm-1 , and for chitosan absorption bands of the amino group (-NH2) at 1588 cm -1 . Signals at 870 and 614 cm-1 and 1125-1388 cm-1 in SCS comply with C-O-S and S=O bonds, which indicates the inclusion of sulfate groups in chitosan. The degree of substitution (DS) established by the gravimetric method, is in line with 1.32. The molecular weights of chitosan and SCS were calculated using size exclusion chromatography (SEC). According to the calculation of SEC for chitosan, an average molecular weight (MW) complies with 16 kDa, and for SCS - 1-3 kDa.
{"title":"SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERISTICS OF SULFATED CHITOSAN BASED ON CHITIN/CHITOSAN FROM ARTEMIA PARTHENOGENETICA CYSTS","authors":"B.P. Karlybaeva, G. Berdimbetova, A. Boymirzaev","doi":"10.32737/2221-8688-2023-3-242-250","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32737/2221-8688-2023-3-242-250","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents for the first-time the sulfated chitosan (SCS), synthesized on the basis of chitin/chitosan obtained from cysts of the Karakalpak population of Artemia parthenogenetica of the Aral Sea, and some of its physicochemical characteristics. Structural studies of chitin/chitosan and SCS were carried out by infrared spectroscopy. The IR spectrum data showed amide I (C=O-NHR) bands characteristic of chitin at 1640 cm-1 , and for chitosan absorption bands of the amino group (-NH2) at 1588 cm -1 . Signals at 870 and 614 cm-1 and 1125-1388 cm-1 in SCS comply with C-O-S and S=O bonds, which indicates the inclusion of sulfate groups in chitosan. The degree of substitution (DS) established by the gravimetric method, is in line with 1.32. The molecular weights of chitosan and SCS were calculated using size exclusion chromatography (SEC). According to the calculation of SEC for chitosan, an average molecular weight (MW) complies with 16 kDa, and for SCS - 1-3 kDa.","PeriodicalId":10015,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Problems","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82781817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.32737/2221-8688-2023-3-229-241
G. Ashirov, K. N. Babanly, L. Mashadiyeva, Y. Yusibov, M. Babanly
Phase equilibria in the Ag2Se–Ag8SiSe6–Ag8GeSe6 system were studied by differential thermal analysis and X-ray diffraction thechnique. Based on the experimental results and literature data, the projection of the liquidus surface of the Ag2Se–Ag8SiSe6–Ag8GeSe6 system, the isothermal section at 300 K and some polythermal sections of the phase diagram were constructed. It was determined that continuous series of solid solution are formed based on high-temperature cubic modification and limited solid solution areas are formed based on low-temperature modification of initial compounds on the Ag8SiSe6–Ag8GeSe6 side of concentration triangle. The formation of solid solutions leads to a sharp decreasing of polymorphic transition temperatures of ternary compounds and stabilization of high-temperature phases at room temperature. The liquidus surface of the Ag2Se–Ag8SiSe6–Ag8GeSe6 system consists of 2 areas reflecting the initial crystallization of α'-phase based on HT-Ag2Se and HT-Ag8Si1-xGexSe6 solid solutions. The obtained new phases are of interest as environmentally safe materials with thermoelectric properties and mixed ion-electron conductivity.
{"title":"PHASE EQUILIBRA IN THE Ag2Se–Ag8GeSe6–Ag8SiSe6 SYSTEM AND CHARACTERIZATION Of the Ag8Si1-xGexSe6 SOLID SOLUTIONS","authors":"G. Ashirov, K. N. Babanly, L. Mashadiyeva, Y. Yusibov, M. Babanly","doi":"10.32737/2221-8688-2023-3-229-241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32737/2221-8688-2023-3-229-241","url":null,"abstract":"Phase equilibria in the Ag2Se–Ag8SiSe6–Ag8GeSe6 system were studied by differential thermal analysis and X-ray diffraction thechnique. Based on the experimental results and literature data, the projection of the liquidus surface of the Ag2Se–Ag8SiSe6–Ag8GeSe6 system, the isothermal section at 300 K and some polythermal sections of the phase diagram were constructed. It was determined that continuous series of solid solution are formed based on high-temperature cubic modification and limited solid solution areas are formed based on low-temperature modification of initial compounds on the Ag8SiSe6–Ag8GeSe6 side of concentration triangle. The formation of solid solutions leads to a sharp decreasing of polymorphic transition temperatures of ternary compounds and stabilization of high-temperature phases at room temperature. The liquidus surface of the Ag2Se–Ag8SiSe6–Ag8GeSe6 system consists of 2 areas reflecting the initial crystallization of α'-phase based on HT-Ag2Se and HT-Ag8Si1-xGexSe6 solid solutions. The obtained new phases are of interest as environmentally safe materials with thermoelectric properties and mixed ion-electron conductivity.","PeriodicalId":10015,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Problems","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86940413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.32737/2221-8688-2023-2-168-177
A. Zalov, K. A. Kuliyev, K. Aliyeva
Spectrophotometric methods are used to study the reaction of the nickel complex with 2.4- tyazolidindico (L) and its derivatives {5- (gasilysiliden) -2,4-tyazolidindio (L1), 5- (2-chlorbenzyliden) -2,4- tyazolidindion (L2), 5-(2-hydroxybenzylide) -2,4-tiazoleader (L3), 5- (4-hydroxybenzylide)-2,4- tyazolidindion(L4),5-(2-Brom-5-methoxybenzyiliden)-2,4-tiazolyidinedion (L5). With a single extraction, the chloroform is extracted by 97.8-98.4 % of the nickel. The study of the dependence of complexation on pH showed that the optimal range of acidity, at which the optical density is maximum and constant, is at pH 2.3- 8.0. The optimal condition for the formation and extraction of the nickel complex of these compounds is (2.0- 2.5) × 10-4 M concentration L. Nickel complexes with L are stable in water and organic solvents and do not decompose for three days, and after extraction for more than a month. The maximum optical density is achieved within 5 minutes. The maximum analytical signal during the complex of nickel L is observed at 470-482 nm/ molar absorption coefficients (1.37-1.61)×104 . The comprehensive form of nickel is Ni2+while the number of protons supplanted by it from one molecule L turned out to be equal to 1. Nickel and its complexes in the organic phase are not polymerized and are in a monomeric form (γ = 1.01-1.07). The proposed method under already established optimal conditions is used to determine Ni (II) in wastewater, bottom deposits, as well as in oil and oil products.
{"title":"STUDY OF REACTION OF NICKEL (II) WITH 2.4-TYAZOLIDINDYON COMPLEX AND ITS DERIVATIVES","authors":"A. Zalov, K. A. Kuliyev, K. Aliyeva","doi":"10.32737/2221-8688-2023-2-168-177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32737/2221-8688-2023-2-168-177","url":null,"abstract":"Spectrophotometric methods are used to study the reaction of the nickel complex with 2.4- tyazolidindico (L) and its derivatives {5- (gasilysiliden) -2,4-tyazolidindio (L1), 5- (2-chlorbenzyliden) -2,4- tyazolidindion (L2), 5-(2-hydroxybenzylide) -2,4-tiazoleader (L3), 5- (4-hydroxybenzylide)-2,4- tyazolidindion(L4),5-(2-Brom-5-methoxybenzyiliden)-2,4-tiazolyidinedion (L5). With a single extraction, the chloroform is extracted by 97.8-98.4 % of the nickel. The study of the dependence of complexation on pH showed that the optimal range of acidity, at which the optical density is maximum and constant, is at pH 2.3- 8.0. The optimal condition for the formation and extraction of the nickel complex of these compounds is (2.0- 2.5) × 10-4 M concentration L. Nickel complexes with L are stable in water and organic solvents and do not decompose for three days, and after extraction for more than a month. The maximum optical density is achieved within 5 minutes. The maximum analytical signal during the complex of nickel L is observed at 470-482 nm/ molar absorption coefficients (1.37-1.61)×104 . The comprehensive form of nickel is Ni2+while the number of protons supplanted by it from one molecule L turned out to be equal to 1. Nickel and its complexes in the organic phase are not polymerized and are in a monomeric form (γ = 1.01-1.07). The proposed method under already established optimal conditions is used to determine Ni (II) in wastewater, bottom deposits, as well as in oil and oil products.","PeriodicalId":10015,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Problems","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81966031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.32737/2221-8688-2023-3-203-210
N. Ibrahimova, S.M. Rustemova, G. М. Jafarov, I. U. Lyatifov
The article explains reasons of elongation (0.019 Å) of the bond between iron–cyclopentadienyl ring in the 1,2,4,1,2,4-hexamethylferricinium (sym. Ме6Fc+ ) cation formed due to the one-electron oxidation of iron atom of sym.1,2,4,1,2,4-hexamethylferrocene (sym. Ме6Fc) molecule which is 2-2.5 times smaller (0.04–0.05 Å) than that observed in pairs of ferrocene/ferricinium (Fc/Fc+ ), sym. octamethylferrocene/sym.octamethylferricinium (Ме8Fc/Me8Fc+ ) and decamethylferrocene/decamethylferricinium (Ме10Fc/Ме10Fc+ ). For this purpose, X-ray structural parameters characterizing the interaction between cation and anion in the sym.Ме6Fc+PF6 – complex was compared with appropriate parameters in Ме8Fc+BF4 – , Ме10Fc+Br3 and Ме10Fc+PF6 – complexes; and it was mooted that there is an F …H type hydrogen bond in this complex taking into account the length of the non-valent F…H contact (bond) in the sym. Ме6Fc+PF6 – complex. The lengths of Р–F bonds and F–P–F angles of the PF6 – anion in the listed 4 sandwich complexes were compared with appropriate parameters in the РF6 – anion of the LiРF6 crystal. It has been unequivocally proved that F…H hydrogen bonds exist in the sym.Ме6Fc+PF6 – complex.
{"title":"HYROGEN BOND IN CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF SALTS OF SYMMETRIC POLYMETHYLFERRICINIUM CATİONS (SYM.[(CH3)mC5H5–m]2Fe+X – , m=3,4,5 or МеnFc+X – , n = 6, 8, 10; X– = PF6 – , BF4 – , Br3 – )","authors":"N. Ibrahimova, S.M. Rustemova, G. М. Jafarov, I. U. Lyatifov","doi":"10.32737/2221-8688-2023-3-203-210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32737/2221-8688-2023-3-203-210","url":null,"abstract":"The article explains reasons of elongation (0.019 Å) of the bond between iron–cyclopentadienyl ring in the 1,2,4,1,2,4-hexamethylferricinium (sym. Ме6Fc+ ) cation formed due to the one-electron oxidation of iron atom of sym.1,2,4,1,2,4-hexamethylferrocene (sym. Ме6Fc) molecule which is 2-2.5 times smaller (0.04–0.05 Å) than that observed in pairs of ferrocene/ferricinium (Fc/Fc+ ), sym. octamethylferrocene/sym.octamethylferricinium (Ме8Fc/Me8Fc+ ) and decamethylferrocene/decamethylferricinium (Ме10Fc/Ме10Fc+ ). For this purpose, X-ray structural parameters characterizing the interaction between cation and anion in the sym.Ме6Fc+PF6 – complex was compared with appropriate parameters in Ме8Fc+BF4 – , Ме10Fc+Br3 and Ме10Fc+PF6 – complexes; and it was mooted that there is an F …H type hydrogen bond in this complex taking into account the length of the non-valent F…H contact (bond) in the sym. Ме6Fc+PF6 – complex. The lengths of Р–F bonds and F–P–F angles of the PF6 – anion in the listed 4 sandwich complexes were compared with appropriate parameters in the РF6 – anion of the LiРF6 crystal. It has been unequivocally proved that F…H hydrogen bonds exist in the sym.Ме6Fc+PF6 – complex.","PeriodicalId":10015,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Problems","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78380786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.32737/2221-8688-2023-1-7-20
G.R. Kiselev, V. Fateev, I. Baranov
Based on the modern methods of SEM, voltammetry, and gravimetric analysis, samples of current collectors used in electrolyzers with a solid polymer electrolyte, made of porous titanium with various degrees of etching in concentrated hydrochloric acid, were studied. A gravimetric study of the etching process of samples of various sizes from porous titanium showed that throughout the process there is a loss of mass of the sample, with the exception of two short intervals, presumably due to the formation of hydrides (60-80 sec) and oxides (4-5 min), and the samples of smaller volumes were more sensitive to weight loss and weight growth. The use of the SEM method made it possible to reveal that etching over different time intervals changes the structure of porous titanium, reducing the average particle size and increasing their porosity .In this case, the surface inhomogeneity increases due to the formation of cavities in titanium and deterioration of the contact of the current collector surface with the catalytic layer. The consequence of this is the difference in the current-voltage characteristics of electrolysis cells with different duration of etching of the current collectors: there is a decrease in the productivity of electrolysis with an increase in the duration of etching of the current collectors by ~8% for etching more than 1 minute and ~18% for etching more than 4 minutes as compared to the simultaneous immersion of the sample in acid to clean the surface.
{"title":"RESEARCH INTO THE EFFECT OF ETCHING PROCESS OF POROUS TITANIUM CURRENT COLLECTORS IN HYDROCHLORIC ACID ON THE PERFORMANCE OF WATER ELECTROLYZERS WITH A PROTON EXCHANGE MEMBRANE","authors":"G.R. Kiselev, V. Fateev, I. Baranov","doi":"10.32737/2221-8688-2023-1-7-20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32737/2221-8688-2023-1-7-20","url":null,"abstract":"Based on the modern methods of SEM, voltammetry, and gravimetric analysis, samples of current collectors used in electrolyzers with a solid polymer electrolyte, made of porous titanium with various degrees of etching in concentrated hydrochloric acid, were studied. A gravimetric study of the etching process of samples of various sizes from porous titanium showed that throughout the process there is a loss of mass of the sample, with the exception of two short intervals, presumably due to the formation of hydrides (60-80 sec) and oxides (4-5 min), and the samples of smaller volumes were more sensitive to weight loss and weight growth. The use of the SEM method made it possible to reveal that etching over different time intervals changes the structure of porous titanium, reducing the average particle size and increasing their porosity .In this case, the surface inhomogeneity increases due to the formation of cavities in titanium and deterioration of the contact of the current collector surface with the catalytic layer. The consequence of this is the difference in the current-voltage characteristics of electrolysis cells with different duration of etching of the current collectors: there is a decrease in the productivity of electrolysis with an increase in the duration of etching of the current collectors by ~8% for etching more than 1 minute and ~18% for etching more than 4 minutes as compared to the simultaneous immersion of the sample in acid to clean the surface.","PeriodicalId":10015,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Problems","volume":"82 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76771431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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