Chemistry of Inorganic Materials最新文献_第5页

Efficient removal of Cr(VI) from aqueous solutions using graphene Oxide@Isatin-PVP composite: Synthesis, characterization, and adsorption studies 利用石墨烯Oxide@Isatin-PVP复合材料从水溶液中高效去除Cr(VI)：合成、表征和吸附研究

Chemistry of Inorganic Materials

Pub Date : 2025-04-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.cinorg.2025.100105

Chandrakant D. Ghugare , Nilesh V. Rathod , Jayshri S. Jadhao , Ankita Rao , Akash V. Kubade , Parikshit S. Thakare , Arun B. Patil

Chromium (VI) is a highly toxic and persistent heavy metal ion often present in industrial effluent, presenting significant hazards to human health and the environment. This work created a new and environmentally benign adsorbent, graphene oxide-isatin-polyvinyl pyrrolidone (GIP), by a simple chemical modification procedure. Graphene oxide (GO) was first functionalized with isatin and then cross-linked with polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) to create a stable, porous composite material with improved surface characteristics. Thorough characterization methods, such as FTIR, SEM-EDX, XRD, and UV–Visible spectroscopy, validated the effective integration of isatin and PVP into the GO framework, yielding a high-surface-area, sponge-like shape. The adsorption efficacy of the GIP composite was assessed for the extraction of hexavalent chromium Cr(VI) from aqueous solutions, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 119.76 mg/g. The adsorption behavior conformed to a pseudo-second-order kinetic model, indicating that chemisorptions was the primary process. The results underscore the promise of the GO-Isatin-PVP composite as an effective, sustainable, and economical adsorbent for environmental water remediation purposes.

铬（VI）是一种剧毒的持久性重金属离子，经常存在于工业废水中，对人类健康和环境造成重大危害。本研究通过简单的化学改性工艺，制备了一种新型环保吸附剂——氧化石墨烯-异黄酮-聚乙烯吡咯烷酮（GIP）。氧化石墨烯（GO）首先与isatin功能化，然后与聚乙烯吡咯烷酮（PVP）交联，以创建稳定的多孔复合材料，并改善其表面特性。FTIR、SEM-EDX、XRD和uv -可见光谱等全面的表征方法验证了isatin和PVP有效地整合到氧化石墨烯框架中，产生了高表面积的海绵状形状。考察了GIP复合材料对六价铬Cr（VI）的萃取效果，其最大吸附量为119.76 mg/g。吸附行为符合准二级动力学模型，表明化学吸附是主要过程。结果强调了GO-Isatin-PVP复合材料作为一种有效、可持续和经济的环境水修复吸附剂的前景。

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引用次数: 0

Oxidative stress-generated antibacterial and anticancer activities of piperine incorporated guar gum and psyllium husk derived biopolymeric nanocomposite 胡椒碱加入瓜尔胶和车前草壳衍生的生物聚合物纳米复合材料的氧化应激抗菌和抗癌活性

Chemistry of Inorganic Materials

Pub Date : 2025-04-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.cinorg.2025.100104

Sanghita Das , Debojyoti De , Debbethi Bera , Parimal Karmakar , Sukhen Das , Anindita Dey

The synthesis of guar gum and psyllium husk mucilage-mediated piperine nanocomposite was reported in order to develop a modified phytochemical-based nanomaterial with potent antimicrobial and anticancer properties. Piperine was nanonized by entrapping within guar gum and psyllium husk mucilage-derived nanocomposite. We have taken guar gum and husk mucilage in three different ratios (1:1, 2:1, 1:2) to formulate nanocomposites for comparative study. Highest loading percentage of piperine in nanocomposite was found to be 83 ± 1.2 % which indicated excellent incorporation efficiency. The release kinetics of piperine from nanocomposites in acidic pH showed sustained but faster release behaviour than physiological pH which confirms the availability of adequate amount of therapeutics at the site of anticancer application. The as-prepared nanocomposite showed strong oxidative stress mediated antimicrobial activities against Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and Gram-negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Lowest IC₅₀ value of nanocomposite i.e. 3.14 mg/mL against the adenocarcinomic human alveolar basal epithelial cell line were evaluated where the effective concentration of piperine was significantly low (76.3 μg/mL). The biocompatibility study of the nanocomposite was performed against human lung fibroblast cell line where up to 88.3 % cell survivability was observed. Moreover, the nanocomposite had the potential to induce oxidative stress, for which significant mortality of bacterial and cancer cells was detected.

本文报道了瓜尔胶和车前草壳黏液介导的胡椒碱纳米复合材料的合成，以开发一种具有有效抗菌和抗癌性能的改性植物化学纳米材料。采用瓜尔胶和车前草壳黏液制备纳米复合材料包埋胡椒碱。我们将瓜尔胶和瓜尔壳胶按1:1、2:1、1:2三种不同的比例配制成纳米复合材料进行对比研究。纳米复合材料中胡椒碱的最高负载率为83±1.2%，具有良好的掺入效率。在酸性pH下，胡椒碱从纳米复合材料中释放的动力学表现出比生理pH持续但更快的释放行为，这证实了在抗癌应用部位有足够数量的治疗药物的可用性。制备的纳米复合材料对革兰氏阳性金黄色葡萄球菌和革兰氏阴性铜绿假单胞菌表现出较强的氧化应激介导的抗菌活性。在胡椒碱有效浓度较低（76.3 μg/mL）的情况下，纳米复合物对腺癌人肺泡基底上皮细胞株的IC50值最低，为3.14 mg/mL。纳米复合材料对人肺成纤维细胞系进行了生物相容性研究，细胞存活率高达88.3%。此外，纳米复合材料有可能诱导氧化应激，从而检测到细菌和癌细胞的显著死亡率。

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引用次数: 0

Boosted visible light photoelectrochemical water splitting performance by tailoring a nanostructure of BiVO4/rGO and BiVO4/g-C3N4 composites 通过剪裁BiVO4/rGO和BiVO4/g-C3N4复合材料的纳米结构，提高了可见光光电化学水分解性能

Chemistry of Inorganic Materials

Pub Date : 2025-04-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.cinorg.2025.100103

Mahdi Abdollahi , Zahra Sadeghian , Esmaeil Akbarinezhad , Kimia Sadeghian , Alireza Rahimi

The development of efficient photocatalysts for visible-light-driven water splitting is crucial for sustainable energy solutions. This study demonstrates the design of 2D/3D heterostructured BiVO₄-based photocatalysts integrated with reduced graphene oxide (rGO) or graphitic carbon nitride (g-C₃N₄) to boost visible-light-driven photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting. Three materials—BiVO₄ (BV), BiVO₄/rGO (BRG), and BiVO₄/g-C₃N₄ (BGC)—were synthesized hydrothermally and evaluated. The BRG composite exhibited exceptional PEC performance, achieving a photocurrent density of 163 μA/cm² at 1.23 V vs. RHE, 5.5 times higher than BV, along with the lowest charge transfer resistance (1522 Ω). Its superiority stems from rGO's thin, transparent layers enveloping BiVO₄ particles, enhancing light absorption and charge dynamics. The favorable work function and high conductivity of rGO enabled rapid electron transfer and minimized recombination, while its 2D structure preserved BiVO₄'s active sites. In contrast, BGC's coarser g-C₃N₄ morphology reduced active site exposure, and its less optimal band alignment hindered electron transport. Photocatalytic methylene blue (MB) degradation tests monitored via UV–vis spectroscopy further validated BRG's efficiency, showing ∼95 % degradation due to improved light harvesting and charge separation. Additionally, BRG achieved the highest applied bias photon-to-current conversion efficiency (ABPE) of 0.3 %, surpassing BV (0.06 %) and BGC. These results highlight the critical role of 2D/3D heterostructure engineering, where rGO's structural advantages synergistically enhance BiVO₄'s performance. This work underscores BRG as a high-efficiency photocatalyst for water splitting and provides a framework for optimizing heterostructured materials in renewable energy technologies, emphasizing the importance of interfacial design and charge carrier management in advancing solar-driven water splitting systems.

开发用于可见光驱动水分解的高效光催化剂对于可持续能源解决方案至关重要。本研究展示了基于bivo4的2D/3D异质结构光催化剂与还原氧化石墨烯（rGO）或石墨化碳氮（g-C3N4）集成的设计，以促进可见光驱动的光电化学（PEC）水分解。采用水热法合成了BiVO4 （BV）、BiVO4/rGO （BRG）和BiVO4/g-C3N4 （BGC）三种材料，并对其进行了评价。BRG复合材料表现出优异的PEC性能，在1.23 V时光电流密度为163 μA/cm2，比BV高5.5倍，同时电荷转移电阻最低（1522 Ω）。它的优势在于氧化石墨烯薄而透明的层包裹着BiVO4粒子，增强了光吸收和电荷动力学。氧化石墨烯良好的功函数和高导电性使得快速电子转移和最小化重组成为可能，而其二维结构保留了BiVO4的活性位点。相比之下，BGC较粗糙的g-C3N4形貌减少了活性位点暴露，其较不理想的能带排列阻碍了电子传输。通过紫外-可见光谱监测的光催化亚甲基蓝（MB）降解测试进一步验证了BRG的效率，由于改进的光收集和电荷分离，显示出~ 95%的降解。此外，BRG实现了最高的应用偏压光子-电流转换效率（ABPE）为0.3%，超过了BV（0.06%）和BGC。这些结果突出了2D/3D异质结构工程的关键作用，其中还原氧化石墨烯的结构优势协同提高了BiVO4的性能。这项工作强调了BRG作为一种高效的水分解光催化剂，并为优化可再生能源技术中的异质结构材料提供了一个框架，强调了界面设计和电荷载流子管理在推进太阳能驱动的水分解系统中的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

A mixed-anion strategy for constructing rapid ion-conducting Na solid-state electrolyte 构建快速离子导电钠固态电解质的混合阴离子策略

Chemistry of Inorganic Materials

Pub Date : 2025-03-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.cinorg.2025.100102

Lingjun Huang , Kit Barker , Xinzhang Liu , Yiru Jian , Stephen J. Skinner , Mary P. Ryan , Chun Huang

To advance the development of all-solid-state Na-ion batteries (ASSNIBs), optimal Na solid-state electrolyte (SSE) materials must meet critical requirements, including high ionic conductivity (>10⁻³ S cm⁻¹), low electronic conductivity (<10⁻¹⁰ S cm⁻¹), and cost-effectiveness (<$50 kg⁻¹). In this study, we present a mixed-anion strategy for designing SSEs containing earth-abundant elements only. Density functional theory (DFT) and bond valence site energy (BVSE) calculations show that Na₂ZrO₃ offers better electrochemical stability but poor Na ⁺ conductivity compared to Na₂ZrCl₆. Mixed-anion SSE Na₂ZrCl_6-4xO_2x has the potential for combining the strengths of high electrochemical stability of the oxide and high ionic conductivity of the halide. The optimal composition Na₂ZrCl₃O_1.5 synthesized by a mechanochemical method exhibits a high ionic conductivity of 5.17 × 10⁻⁵ S cm⁻¹ at room temperature, nearly an order of magnitude improvement over Na₂ZrCl₆ and orders of magnitude higher than that of Na₂ZrO₃. This enhancement is attributed to the more disordered phase within Na₂ZrCl₃O_1.5. Cost analysis reveals that Na₂ZrCl_6-4xO_2x can be produced at a large scale and low cost (≤£25.53/kg). These findings pave the way for the mixed-anion strategy for developing high-performing SSE materials for ASSNIBs.

为了推进全固态钠离子电池（assnib）的发展，最佳的钠固态电解质（SSE）材料必须满足关键要求，包括高离子电导率（>10−3 S cm−1），低电子电导率（<10−10 S cm−1）和成本效益（<$50 kg−1）。在这项研究中，我们提出了一种混合阴离子策略来设计只含地球丰度元素的sse。密度泛函理论（DFT）和键价位能（BVSE）计算表明，与Na2ZrCl6相比，Na2ZrO3具有更好的电化学稳定性，但Na +电导率较差。混合阴离子SSE Na2ZrCl6-4xO2x具有结合氧化物高电化学稳定性和卤化物高离子电导率优势的潜力。采用机械化学方法合成的最佳组合Na2ZrCl3O1.5在室温下具有5.17 × 10−5 S cm−1的高离子电导率，比Na2ZrCl6提高了近一个数量级，比Na2ZrO3提高了几个数量级。这种增强是由于Na2ZrCl3O1.5中的相更加无序。成本分析表明，Na2ZrCl6-4xO2x可以大规模低成本生产（≤25.53英镑/公斤）。这些发现为开发用于assnib的高性能SSE材料的混合阴离子策略铺平了道路。

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引用次数: 0

A review of coating tin oxide electron transport layer for optimizing the performance of perovskite solar cells 镀层氧化锡电子传输层优化钙钛矿太阳能电池性能的研究进展

Chemistry of Inorganic Materials

Pub Date : 2025-03-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.cinorg.2025.100100

Abubakar Sadiq Yusuf , Ahmad Alhaji Abubakar , Isah Kimpa Mohammed , Umaru Ahmadu , Kasim Uthman Isah

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have recently emerged as a transformative technology in the photovoltaic sector, drawing considerable attention due to their rapid advancements in power conversion efficiency (PCE), which now exceeds 26.7 %. This efficiency level places them in direct competition with conventional silicon-based solar cells. A key element in ensuring the high performance of PSCs is the charge transport layer (CTL), particularly the electron transport layer (ETL). The ETL plays a crucial role by efficiently collecting photo-generated electrons from the perovskite layer and transferring them to the transparent conductive oxide electrode. Among the materials used for ETLs, tin oxide (SnO₂) stands out for its wide band gap, excellent optical transparency, superior carrier mobility, and remarkable chemical stability. Additionally, SnO₂ can be deposited at low temperatures, making it ideal for mass production and adaptable for applications such as flexible devices. Despite its inherent advantages, the overall performance and quality of the ETL, and thus the device itself, are heavily influenced by the fabrication process. This study reviews recent approaches to fabricating SnO₂ ETLs in PSCs, with a focus on optimizing efficiency and long-term stability.

钙钛矿太阳能电池（PSCs）最近成为光伏领域的一项变革性技术，由于其在功率转换效率（PCE）方面的快速进步，目前已超过26.7%，引起了广泛关注。这种效率水平使它们与传统的硅基太阳能电池直接竞争。保证psc高性能的一个关键因素是电荷传输层（CTL），特别是电子传输层（ETL）。ETL通过有效地从钙钛矿层收集光生电子并将其转移到透明导电氧化物电极上，发挥了至关重要的作用。在用于etl的材料中，氧化锡（SnO2）以其宽的带隙、优异的光学透明度、优越的载流子迁移率和卓越的化学稳定性而脱颖而出。此外，SnO2可以在低温下沉积，使其成为大规模生产的理想选择，并适用于柔性器件等应用。尽管具有固有的优势，但ETL的整体性能和质量，以及器件本身，都受到制造工艺的严重影响。本研究综述了近年来在psc中制备SnO2 etl的方法，重点是优化效率和长期稳定性。

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引用次数: 0

Green synthesis and reflux method of CuFe2O4 and Clay/CuFe2O4 nanocomposite for photocatalysis and antioxidant studies CuFe2O4和Clay/CuFe2O4纳米复合材料的绿色合成和回流法及其光催化和抗氧化研究

Chemistry of Inorganic Materials

Pub Date : 2025-03-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.cinorg.2025.100099

H. Madhu, S. Rajendra prasad

This study presents the green synthesis of CuFe₂O₄ and Clay/CuFe₂O₄ composites using neem leaf extract via a reflux method. The materials were comprehensively characterized through XRD, SEM, FTIR, EDX analysis, and UV–Vis spectroscopy. The photocatalytic efficiency was assessed for the degradation of Methyl Violet (MV) dye under UV light, achieving an outstanding 94.04 % degradation efficiency with the Clay/CuFe₂O₄ composite at an initial dye concentration of 10 ppm within 60 min. The reaction adhered to first-order kinetics, with a calculated half-life of 15.33 min. Furthermore, antioxidant activity evaluated using the DPPH assay exhibited a notable scavenging efficiency of 87.05 % and an IC₅₀ value of 223.03 μg/mL for the Clay/CuFe₂O₄ composite, surpassing the performance of its individual components. These findings underscore the potential of Clay/CuFe₂O₄ composites for environmental remediation and antioxidant applications.

以印楝叶提取物为原料，采用回流法绿色合成CuFe2O4和Clay/CuFe2O4复合材料。通过XRD、SEM、FTIR、EDX、UV-Vis等方法对材料进行了全面表征。在紫外光下对甲基紫（MV）染料的光催化降解效率进行了评估，在初始染料浓度为10 ppm时，在60 min内，粘土/CuFe2O4复合材料的降解效率达到了94.04%。该反应符合一级动力学，计算半衰期为15.33 min。此外，DPPH法测定的抗氧化活性表明，Clay/CuFe2O4复合物的清除率为87.05%，IC50值为223.03 μg/mL，超过了其单个组分的性能。这些发现强调了粘土/CuFe2O4复合材料在环境修复和抗氧化应用方面的潜力。

引用次数: 0

Multifunctional silver-doped strontium hexaferrite nanoparticles: Magnetic, optical, photocatalytic, and antimicrobial properties 多功能掺杂银的六铁铁氧体锶纳米颗粒：磁性、光学、光催化和抗菌性能

Chemistry of Inorganic Materials

Pub Date : 2025-02-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.cinorg.2025.100098

Koustav Ganguly , Priyambada Mahapatra , Chirasmayee Mohanty , Chaitali Das , Alaka Samal , Ranjan Kumar Sahu , Nigamananda Das

The magnetic Strontium hexaferrite nanoparticles (SrFe₁₂O₁₉) decorated with Silver (Ag) catalyst were designed to degrade Rhodamine B and Congo Red dyes, as well as to explore their antibacterial activity against Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and Gram-negative Escherichia coli. These nanoparticles were synthesized using a microwave-assisted combustion method, resulting in a series of Ag-decorated SrFe₁₂O₁₉ Nanoparticles. Characterization through PXRD, UV–visible DRS, Raman spectroscopy, and FE-SEM/TEM confirmed the formation of M-type hexagonal SrFe₁₂O₁₉ with uniformly distributed Ag NPs. The addition of Ag influenced the magnetic and optical properties of the SrFe₁₂O₁₉, with a slight decrease in optical band gaps and a reduction in saturation magnetization from 84 to 71 emu/g as Ag content increased to 10 wt%. Although the Ag decoration did not enhance the photocatalytic activity of SrFe₁₂O₁₉ for dye degradation under visible light, the photocatalysts were magnetically separable and reusable without significant efficiency loss. Moreover, the heterojunction exhibited a disinfection capacity that was five times quicker than the individual catalysts, highlighting its potential for environmental and antibacterial applications.

采用银（Ag）催化剂修饰磁性六铁酸锶纳米粒子（SrFe12O19），对罗丹明B和刚果红染料进行了降解，并对革兰氏阳性金黄色葡萄球菌和革兰氏阴性大肠杆菌进行了抑菌活性研究。采用微波辅助燃烧法合成了这些纳米颗粒，得到了一系列ag修饰的SrFe12O19纳米颗粒。通过PXRD、uv -可见DRS、拉曼光谱、FE-SEM/TEM等表征，证实了m型六方SrFe12O19的形成，并具有均匀分布的Ag NPs。Ag的加入影响了SrFe12O19的磁性和光学性能，当Ag含量增加到10 wt%时，光学带隙略有减少，饱和磁化强度从84 emu/g降低到71 emu/g。Ag修饰并未增强SrFe12O19在可见光下降解染料的光催化活性，但该光催化剂具有磁性可分离性和可重复使用性，且没有明显的效率损失。此外，异质结表现出比单个催化剂快五倍的消毒能力，突出了其在环境和抗菌应用方面的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Enhanced optical and electrical properties of NiO-GO composite thin films on flexible PET substrates for optoelectronic applications 用于光电应用的柔性PET基板上NiO-GO复合薄膜的光学和电学性能增强

Chemistry of Inorganic Materials

Pub Date : 2025-02-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.cinorg.2025.100097

Bandhna Verma , Ashish Kumar , H.C. Swart , Vinay Kumar

In the present work, we have reported the nickel oxide (NiO)-graphene oxide (GO) composite thin films on flexible indium tin oxide-coated poly-ethyleneterephthalate (ITO PET) substrates by a simple solution processing approach (spin coating method). The dispersion of GO nanostructures (synthesized by the modified Hummers' method) was introduced in the NiO (synthesized by the hydrothermal method) dispersion solution in different volume ratios of 1:0, 1:0.2, 1:0.5, and 1:1; and the corresponding thin films were named as NG 0, NG 2, NG 5, and NG 10, respectively. The zeta potential study reveals the moderate stability of the prepared dispersions, and the hydrodynamic diameter increases with GO inclusion in NiO dispersion. The variation of GO concentrations on the structural, morphological, optical, and electrical properties of thin films was investigated. Powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) results reveal the crystalline structure of thin films. The morphology of the films was investigated by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), which shows the more ordered and porous hexagonal network obtained for composite films. The UV-VIS-NIR study reveals the optical properties of thin films. The optical absorption increases in the visible region with an increase in GO concentrations in composite films, and a decrease in band gap from 3.88 eV to 3.50 eV was observed for NG 2 to NG 10 thin films. The presence of Ni–O stretching and CC stretching, as well as carbon bonding with oxygen functionalities, were also confirmed by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The current-voltage characteristics were measured, and the corresponding resistance of the thin films was obtained in the range of MΩ. The experimental result demonstrates the decrease in resistivity and increase in current for both forward and reverse bias ranges with the incorporation of GO in NiO thin films. The obtained results highlight the possibility of using these composite thin films for achieving good performance and suitability for flexible optoelectronic applications.

在本工作中，我们报道了一种简单的溶液处理方法（自旋镀膜法）在柔性氧化铟锡包覆的聚对苯二甲酸乙酯（ITO PET）衬底上制备了氧化镍(NiO)-氧化石墨烯（GO）复合薄膜。将改进Hummers法合成的氧化石墨烯纳米结构分别以1:0、1:0.2、1:0.5、1:1的体积比分散在水热法合成的NiO分散溶液中；相应的薄膜分别命名为ng0、ng2、ng5和ng10。zeta电位研究表明，制备的NiO分散体具有中等的稳定性，并且随着氧化石墨烯的加入，NiO分散体的水动力直径增大。研究了氧化石墨烯浓度对薄膜结构、形态、光学和电学性能的影响。粉末x射线衍射（PXRD）结果揭示了薄膜的晶体结构。利用场发射扫描电镜（FESEM）对膜的形貌进行了研究，结果表明复合膜具有更有序和多孔的六边形网络。紫外可见近红外光谱研究揭示了薄膜的光学性质。随着氧化石墨烯浓度的增加，复合薄膜可见光区的光吸收增加，NG 2至NG 10薄膜的带隙从3.88 eV减小到3.50 eV。傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）也证实了Ni-O拉伸和CC拉伸以及碳与氧官能团的结合。测量了薄膜的电流-电压特性，得到了相应的电阻在MΩ范围内。实验结果表明，氧化石墨烯在NiO薄膜中掺入后，正反偏置范围内的电阻率降低，电流增大。所获得的结果强调了使用这些复合薄膜获得良好性能和适合柔性光电应用的可能性。

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引用次数: 0

POM/CNT based nanohybrids as electrodes for lithium-ion batteries 基于聚甲醛/碳纳米管的纳米杂化物作为锂离子电池电极

Chemistry of Inorganic Materials

Pub Date : 2025-02-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.cinorg.2025.100096

Langson Chilufya , Mehtap Emirdag-Eanes

Polyoxometalates (POMs) and their derivative materials have attracted growing attention for application in energy storage technologies, especially lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Nanohybrids' redox-active material, based on the combination of polyoxometalates and Carbon nanotubes (CNT), has exhibited suitable structures that have been employed as electrodes in energy devices with enhanced electrochemical performances. The design and construction of POM/CNT nanohybrids linked by covalent bonds act as electron bridges, ensuring close contact between POM and CNT. This facilitates electron and Li-ion transfer, enhancing the overall performance of the electrodes. This review article demonstrated the need for new redox chemistries beyond conventional intercalation mechanisms. This involves the design and application of functional materials for energy storage, focusing on structural change and electron reconfiguration. Even though several reviews on POM-based composites in energy applications exist, a unified and coordinated review dedicated explicitly to these unique and versatile molecular clusters and with CNT nanohybrids in LIB's electrode application has not yet been presented. Hence, we report a comprehensive survey of research advances in POMs and POM/CNT-based nanohybrid materials as electrodes and encompass the discussion of their charge storage mechanism of operation in LIBs. The paper also discusses methods for functionalizing CNTs to improve the electrochemical performance of nanohybrids. These techniques aim to maintain the structural and electronic integrity of CNTs while enhancing their functionality. Finally, the emerging themes and research directions are critically assessed to inspire how these promising nanohybrids can foster research into the next generation of electrodes for sustainable energy technologies.

多金属氧酸盐（pom）及其衍生物在储能技术尤其是锂离子电池（LIBs）中的应用越来越受到人们的关注。基于多金属氧酸盐和碳纳米管（CNT）的纳米杂化物的氧化还原活性材料已经显示出合适的结构，被用作能源器件的电极，具有增强的电化学性能。通过共价键连接的POM/CNT纳米杂化体的设计和构建起到了电子桥接的作用，确保了POM与CNT之间的紧密接触。这有利于电子和锂离子的转移，提高了电极的整体性能。这篇综述文章表明，除了传统的插入机制之外，还需要新的氧化还原化学物质。这涉及到用于储能的功能材料的设计和应用，重点是结构变化和电子重构。尽管存在一些关于pom基复合材料在能源应用方面的综述，但尚未提出一个统一和协调的综述，专门针对这些独特而通用的分子簇和碳纳米管纳米杂化材料在LIB电极中的应用。因此，我们全面综述了聚甲醛和基于聚甲醛/碳纳米管的纳米杂化材料作为电极的研究进展，并讨论了它们在锂离子电池中运行的电荷存储机制。本文还讨论了功能化碳纳米管以提高纳米杂化材料电化学性能的方法。这些技术旨在保持碳纳米管的结构和电子完整性，同时增强其功能。最后，对新出现的主题和研究方向进行了批判性评估，以启发这些有前途的纳米混合材料如何促进下一代可持续能源技术电极的研究。

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引用次数: 0

Characteristics of Mg-based cathode materials with different doping element concentrations 不同掺杂元素浓度mg基正极材料的特性

Chemistry of Inorganic Materials

Pub Date : 2025-02-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.cinorg.2025.100095

Nurhidayu Harudin , Zurina Osman , Mohd Zieauddin Kufian , Izlina Supa'at , Norazlin Zainal , Markus Diantoro , Herlin Pujiarti

Mg batteries are one of several new battery technologies that have a potential to replace lithium-based batteries in the future due to its advantages such as low cost, environmentally friendly and improved safety. However, the development of Mg batteries has been greatly hindered by the sluggish Mg ions migration kinetics in the solid state. In this work, self-propagating combustion was used to produce Ca-doped MgMn₂O₄ based cathode materials with two distinct Ca compositions: MgMn_2-xCa_xO₄ (x = 0.1, 0.2, 0.3) and MgMn_2-yCa_yO₄ (y = 0.01, 0.02, 0.03) at annealing temperature of 800 °C. The structural properties have been characterized by X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM). The elemental distribution was determined using Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy. The electrochemical performances were also been evaluated by linear sweep voltammetry (LSV), and cyclic voltammetry (CV). The galvanostatic charge/discharge of Mg ion cells using 1 M of magnesium trifluoromethanesulfonate (Mg (CF₃SO₃)₂) in 1:1 volume of ethylene carbonate (EC) and 1,2-dimethoxyethane (DME) has been performed. The charge-discharge results demonstrated the cathode with a low Ca composition, MgMn_1.97Ca_0.03O₄, had delivered the highest capacity of 144 mAh g⁻¹.

镁电池是几种新型电池技术之一，具有成本低、环保和安全性高等优点，有望在未来取代锂电池。然而，由于镁离子在固态下的迁移动力学缓慢，镁电池的发展一直受到很大阻碍。在这项研究中，利用自蔓延燃烧法制备了两种不同钙成分的掺钙 MgMn2O4 阴极材料：MgMn2-xCaxO4 (x = 0.1, 0.2, 0.3) 和 MgMn2-yCayO4 (y = 0.01, 0.02, 0.03)。X 射线衍射（XRD）和场发射扫描电子显微镜（FESEM）对其结构特性进行了表征。使用能量色散 X 射线 (EDX) 光谱测定了元素分布。电化学性能也通过线性扫描伏安法（LSV）和循环伏安法（CV）进行了评估。在 1:1 体积的碳酸乙烯（EC）和 1,2-二甲氧基乙烷（DME）中使用 1 M 的三氟甲磺酸镁（Mg (CF3SO3)2）对镁离子电池进行了电静态充/放电。充放电结果表明，低钙成分 MgMn1.97Ca0.03O4 阴极的容量最高，达到 144 mAh g-1。

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