Chemistry of Inorganic Materials最新文献

Green synthesis and characterization of silver (Ag) nanoparticles: Crystallographic analysis from X-ray diffraction 银纳米粒子的绿色合成和表征：x射线衍射晶体学分析

Chemistry of Inorganic Materials

Pub Date : 2026-01-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.cinorg.2026.100144

Nusrat Jahan Tamanna , Md. Sahadat Hossain , Newaz Mohammed Bahadur , Samina Ahmed

This work investigated the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles with an eye toward environmental sustainability. Numerous reducing agents have been explored by researchers worldwide to produce silver nanoparticles; in this work, dragon fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus) was exploited as a reducing agent. Precursor material (AgNO₃) was blended with Hylocereus polyrhizus extract, and the pH was altered (with NaOH) to facilitate nanoparticle production. Later, the synthesized nanoparticles were analyzed using X-ray diffraction (XRD) (reflection at 2θ = 38.24, 44.38, and 64.59) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) (absorption peak at 406.9 cm^-1). Several XRD models for estimating crystallite size, namely the Linear Straight-line method of Scherrer equation (LSLMSE), Scherrer equation, Sahadat-Scherrer Model, Monshi-Scherrer equation, Williamson-Hall method [Uniform Stress Deformation Model (USDM), Uniform Deformation Model (UDM), Uniform Deformation Energy Density Model (UDEDM)], Halder-Wagner method, and Size-strain plot method (SSP) were explored along with stress, lattice strain and lattice energy density. Crystallite sizes computed from these models were 3–64 nm, and strain was −0.0013. Rietveld refinement revealed that the maximum phase percentage (97.4 %) was silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs), with the remaining 2.6 % being Ag₂O. In the end, the functional groups of the synthesized silver nanoparticles were determined by FTIR spectrum analysis.

本研究着眼于环境可持续性，研究了银纳米颗粒的绿色合成。世界各地的研究人员已经探索了许多还原剂来生产纳米银；本研究以火龙果（Hylocereus polyrhizus）为还原剂。将前驱体材料（AgNO3）与多根水蛭提取物混合，并用NaOH改变pH以促进纳米颗粒的生成。随后，利用x射线衍射（XRD）（2θ = 38.24、44.38和64.59处的反射）和傅立叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）（406.9 cm-1处的吸收峰）对合成的纳米颗粒进行了分析。结合应力、晶格应变和晶格能量密度，探索了几种用于估算晶体尺寸的XRD模型，即Scherrer方程线性直线法（LSLMSE）、Scherrer方程、sahadatt -Scherrer模型、Monshi-Scherrer方程、Williamson-Hall法[均匀应力变形模型（USDM）、均匀变形模型（UDM）、均匀变形能量密度模型（UDEDM）]、Halder-Wagner法和尺寸-应变图法（SSP）。这些模型计算出的晶体尺寸为3 ~ 64 nm，应变为−0.0013。Rietveld细化表明，最大相百分比（97.4%）是银纳米颗粒（Ag NPs），剩余的2.6%是Ag2O。最后，通过FTIR光谱分析确定了银纳米粒子的官能团。

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引用次数: 0

A review on structural integrity and magneto-dielectric response of rare earth substituted U-type hexagonal ferrites 稀土取代u型六方铁氧体的结构完整性和磁介电响应研究进展

Chemistry of Inorganic Materials

Pub Date : 2026-01-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.cinorg.2025.100140

M. Irfan, Komel Maryam, Maryam Choudhary, Nayyab Sajjad, Abdul Rehman Ashiq, Isbah Shamshad, Tehreem Idrees, Fatima Khan, Hafiz Ghulam Shabbir, Tanzeela Khan, Ajmal Sultan, Muhammad Azhar Khan

There is increasing enthusiasm in research on

U

-type hexaferrites because they promise high ferromagnetic resonance frequencies, strong magnetoelectric coupling, high-temperature performance, and enhanced tunability via doping. This review concentrates on the structural complexities associated with

U

-type hexaferrites. The

U

-type hexaferrite structure is constructed from molecular units

Z + M

or

2 M + Y

, with space group

R - 3 m

and crystallographic parameters a and c extending from (

5.73

-

5.88) Å

and from

(111.76

-

113.03) Å

, respectively. These materials exhibit uniaxial anisotropy. The impact of rare-earth ion substitution is also discussed, as it improves magnetic anisotropy and saturation magnetization due to high magnetic moments and strong spin orbit coupling. Despite advancements in alternative synthesis routes, the sol-gel auto-combustion approach remains the most frequently used method for producing

U

-type hexaferrites because of its affordability and effectiveness in achieving phase purity. These materials have gained significant commercial and technological importance owing to their applications in permanent magnets, magnetic disks, and memory devices used in electrical equipment, particularly those operating at elevated frequencies.

由于u型六铁氧体具有高铁磁共振频率、强磁电耦合、高温性能和通过掺杂增强的可调性等优点，研究的热情日益高涨。本文综述了与u型六铁素体有关的结构复杂性。u型六铁体结构由分子单元Z+M或2M+Y组成，空间群R−3m，晶体参数a和c分别从（5.73 ~ 5.88）Å和（111.76 ~ 113.03）Å扩展。这些材料表现出单轴各向异性。本文还讨论了稀土离子取代对材料磁性各向异性和饱和磁化的影响，因为稀土离子取代可以提高材料的磁矩和强自旋轨道耦合。尽管替代合成路线取得了进步，但溶胶-凝胶自燃烧方法仍然是生产u型六铁体最常用的方法，因为它的经济性和获得相纯度的有效性。由于这些材料在永磁体、磁盘和电气设备中使用的存储设备中的应用，特别是那些在高频率下工作的设备，这些材料已经获得了重大的商业和技术重要性。

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引用次数: 0

Aqueous sulfur/carbon nanotube composite material and nanostructure for the cathode of lithium-sulfur batteries 锂硫电池正极用含水硫/碳纳米管复合材料及纳米结构

Chemistry of Inorganic Materials

Pub Date : 2026-01-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.cinorg.2026.100142

Tayeba Safdar , Mary P. Ryan , Chun Huang

The use of multi-wall carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in lithium sulfur batteries (LSB) provides advantages of structural integrity (to account for volume expansion) and better electronic conductivity (to aid the insulating nature of sulfur active material), however, how to efficiently utilise CNTs remains elusive. Here, sulfur/CNT composites are synthesised via scalable melt diffusion and cathodes are fabricated by a sustainable aqueous approach. CNTs are used as the carbon host and carbon black C65 as the electrical additive. Different ratios of CNT (in the melt diffusion step) and C65 (in the cathode coating step) are investigated. The formation of C–S bonds and thiophene-like sulfur in the sulfur/CNT composite material during melt diffusion promotes redox reactions and mitigates polysulfide dissolution. The CNT host forms a hierarchical nanostructure covering a range of pore widths to promote sulfur infiltration into the CNT matrix and increase surface area and porosity, resulting in improved ion diffusion kinetics, polysulfide confinement, and better ability to accommodate sulfur volume changes during (dis)charging. The initial discharge capacity is 1350 mA h g⁻¹ at 0.05 C with the cathode containing 17.5 wt% CNT (capacity based on the total mass of the cathode including both active and inactive materials) and the capacity maintains at 550 mA h g⁻¹ at 1 C.

在锂硫电池（LSB）中使用多壁碳纳米管（CNTs）提供了结构完整性（以考虑体积膨胀）和更好的电子导电性（以帮助硫活性材料的绝缘性质）的优点，然而，如何有效利用碳纳米管仍然是难以解决的问题。在这里，硫/碳纳米管复合材料是通过可扩展的熔体扩散合成的，阴极是通过可持续的水方法制造的。采用碳纳米管作为碳主体，炭黑C65作为电添加剂。研究了不同比例的碳纳米管（熔体扩散步骤）和C65（阴极涂覆步骤）。硫/碳纳米管复合材料在熔体扩散过程中形成C-S键和噻吩类硫，促进氧化还原反应，减缓多硫化物溶解。碳纳米管主体形成一个覆盖一定孔径的分层纳米结构，促进硫渗透到碳纳米管基质中，增加表面积和孔隙率，从而改善离子扩散动力学，多硫约束，以及更好地适应（非）充电过程中硫体积变化的能力。初始放电容量在0.05℃时为1350 mA h g - 1，阴极含有17.5% wt%的碳纳米管（容量基于阴极的总质量，包括活性和非活性材料），在1c时容量保持在550 mA h g - 1。

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引用次数: 0

Transformation of waste into wealth: Thermochemical conversion of coal fly ash to extract Al2O3 via alkali desilication and soda–lime assisted sintering 废渣转化为财富：煤粉煤灰经碱脱硅和钠石灰辅助烧结热化学转化提取Al2O3

Chemistry of Inorganic Materials

Pub Date : 2026-01-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.cinorg.2026.100143

Md. Hasanuzzaman, Md. Saiful Quddus, Mandira Saha, Nahid Sharmin

Waste utilization is at the forefront of protecting the environment and developing value-added materials for society. The extraction of alumina from industrial byproducts like coal fly ash (CFA) is an environmentally sustainable method of resource exploitation. This study demonstrates the efficient extraction of alumina from CFA through combined alkali desilication, soda-lime assisted sintering and leaching. Alkali disilication effectively improved the Si:Al ratio, while soda-lime assisted sintering converts mullite into soluble aluminate phases followed by effective alkali leaching expedites to obtain the predominantly of 71.4 % γ-phase and 28.6 % α-phase of alumina with crystallite size of 63.85 nm. X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Simultaneous Thermal Analyzer (STA) confirms the sequential phase transformation of desilicated coal fly ash (DSFA) to soluble aluminates (NaAlO₂ and CaAl₂O₄) at 1150 °C. Eventually, the alumina was extracted from the soluble NaAlO₂ and CaAl₂O₄ phases using different leachants and analyzed to validate the process. The morphological characteristics were analyzed with Scanning Electron Microscopy instrument. The effects of alkali-to-ash ratio and temperature on sintering, the effect of leaching temperature and time were studied to optimize the process parameters. Due to improved aluminate solubility and secondary precipitation suppression, the mixed NaOH + Na₂CO₃ leaching system produced the best extraction efficiency, according to the results. As the leaching temperature and duration to equilibrium increased, so did the extraction efficiency. The innovation ensures 90 % extraction efficiency, and such effort may be employed in reducing the thermal power plant waste.

废物利用是保护环境和为社会开发增值材料的前沿。从粉煤灰等工业副产品中提取氧化铝是一种环境可持续的资源开发方法。研究了碱脱硅、钠石灰辅助烧结和浸出复合工艺从CFA中高效提取氧化铝。碱解硅有效地提高了Si:Al比，而钠石灰辅助烧结将莫来石转化为可溶铝酸盐相，然后进行有效的碱浸加速，得到以71.4% γ相和28.6% α相为主的氧化铝，晶粒尺寸为63.85 nm。x射线衍射（XRD）和同步热分析仪（STA）证实了脱硅粉煤灰（DSFA）在1150℃时向可溶性铝酸盐（NaAlO2和CaAl2O4）的顺序相变。最后，使用不同的浸出液从可溶性NaAlO2和CaAl2O4相中提取氧化铝，并对该工艺进行了分析验证。用扫描电镜对其形态特征进行分析。研究了碱灰比和温度对烧结的影响，浸出温度和浸出时间的影响，以优化工艺参数。结果表明，由于提高了铝酸盐的溶解度，抑制了二次沉淀，NaOH + Na2CO3混合浸出体系的浸出效率最好。随着浸出温度和达到平衡所需时间的增加，浸出效率也随之提高。这一创新保证了90%的萃取效率，这一努力可以用于减少火力发电厂的浪费。

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引用次数: 0

Tailoring electrochemical properties of CoFe2O4 via Ru substitution for high-performance supercapacitor electrodes 用Ru取代CoFe2O4修饰高性能超级电容器电极的电化学性能

Chemistry of Inorganic Materials

Pub Date : 2026-01-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.cinorg.2025.100141

Qudsiya Y. Tamboli , Kiran T. Adsure , Pramod D. Mhase , Varsha C. Pujari , Ashok S. Padampalle , Sagar E. Shirsath , Santosh S. Jadhav , Sunil M. Patange

In an effort to advance sustainable solutions for next-generation energy storage, this study presents a green synthesis strategy for ruthenium-doped cobalt ferrite nanoparticles (CoRu_xFe_2-xO₄; x = 0.10, 0.20, and 0.30), employing Moringa oleifera gum as a natural chelating agent. Through an eco-friendly sol–gel method, The obtained nanocrystalline spinel structures accompanied by trace amounts of RuO₂, as verified by XRD, FESEM, and XPS characterizations. Raman spectroscopy confirms the preservation of the spinel framework and reveals Ru-induced local lattice distortion and modified metal–oxygen interactions, which correlate with the enhanced electrochemical response of the optimized composition. Ruthenium incorporation leads to progressive lattice expansion, improved particle dispersion, and enhanced surface chemistry enabling dominant surface-controlled capacitive charge storage with additional pseudocapacitive contributions arising from fast and reversible redox reactions. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) reveal that the x = 0.30 composition delivers an exceptional specific capacitance of 4320.5 F/g at 20 mV/s, attributed to synergistic surface-controlled charge storage, mixed-valence redox activity of Co/Fe species, and the presence of electroactive RuO₂. These findings demonstrate the synergistic effects of Ru substitution and biopolymer-assisted synthesis in tailoring nanostructured ferrites for energy storage applications. The study underscores a sustainable approach toward designing high-capacity supercapacitor electrodes with superior electrical conductivity and charge transfer efficiency.

为了推进下一代能源存储的可持续解决方案，本研究提出了一种采用辣木树胶作为天然螯合剂的钌掺杂钴铁氧体纳米颗粒（CoRuxFe2-xO4; x = 0.10, 0.20和0.30）的绿色合成策略。通过生态友好型溶胶-凝胶法，得到了含有微量RuO2的纳米尖晶石结构，并通过XRD、FESEM和XPS进行了表征。拉曼光谱证实了尖晶石框架的保存，并揭示了ru诱导的局部晶格畸变和金属-氧相互作用的改变，这与优化后的成分的电化学响应增强有关。钌的掺入导致晶格逐渐膨胀，粒子分散改善，表面化学增强，使主要的表面控制电容电荷存储与快速可逆氧化还原反应产生的额外赝电容贡献成为可能。循环伏安法（CV）和电化学阻抗谱（EIS）表明，x = 0.30的组合物在20 mV/s下具有4320.5 F/g的特殊比电容，这是由于协同的表面控制电荷存储、Co/Fe混合价氧化还原活性以及电活性RuO2的存在。这些发现证明了钌取代和生物聚合物辅助合成在定制用于储能应用的纳米结构铁氧体中的协同效应。该研究强调了设计具有优越导电性和电荷转移效率的高容量超级电容器电极的可持续方法。

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引用次数: 0

Laurus nobilis-mediated fabrication of multifunctional ZrO2–ZnO nanostructures for wastewater remediation and biocidal applications 月桂介导的多功能ZrO2-ZnO纳米结构在废水修复和生物杀灭中的应用

Chemistry of Inorganic Materials

Pub Date : 2025-12-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.cinorg.2025.100138

Pratiksha Garud , Manohar Zate , Swati Chatur , Ghanshyam Jadhav , Vijay Medhane

In this study, we synthesized ZnO–ZrO₂ nanostructures using Laurus nobilis leaf extract. UV–Vis analysis showed peak absorbance at 293 nm for ZnO, 280 nm for ZrO2, and 281.6 nm for ZrO₂/ZnO, with corresponding band gaps of 3.29 eV, 3.987 eV, and 3.8 eV. BET results indicated the presence of mesoporous structures in all synthesized materials. FTIR analysis identified vibrational modes at 1045 and 748 cm-1 (Zr–O stretching), 501 and 450 cm-1 (Zr–O bending), 1023 cm⁻¹ (Zn–O stretching), and 2347 cm⁻¹ (ZnO–ZrO₂ interaction). The crystalline nature was confirmed by the XRD spectra, which showed average crystallite sizes of 21.26 nm for ZnO, 22.06 nm for ZrO₂ NPs, 23.02 nm for ZrO₂–ZnO (1:1), and 25.84 nm for ZrO₂–ZnO (1:2). EDX analysis confirmed the presence of only Zn, Zr, and O elements. Both SEM and TEM-SAED revealed that the nanostructures are spherical, with an average particle size of approximately 20 nm. The synthesized nanostructures demonstrated strong antimicrobial activity, as tested by the well-diffusion method against pathogenic bacteria and fungal strains. They also showed photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB) dye under UV–vis light irradiation. ZrO₂, ZnO, ZrO₂–ZnO (1:1), and ZrO₂–ZnO (1:2) exhibited significant photocatalytic performance, with degradation rates of 99.68 %, 97.94 %, 92.98 %, and 97.75 %, respectively, within 60 min.

本研究以月桂叶提取物为原料合成ZnO-ZrO2纳米结构。紫外可见光谱分析表明，ZnO、ZrO2和ZrO2/ZnO的吸光度峰值分别为293 nm、280 nm和281.6 nm，带隙分别为3.29 eV、3.987 eV和3.8 eV。BET结果表明，所有合成材料均存在介孔结构。FTIR分析确定了1045和748 cm-1 （Zr-O拉伸）、501和450 cm-1 （Zr-O弯曲）、1023 cm-1 （Zn-O拉伸）和2347 cm-1 （ZnO-ZrO2相互作用）的振动模式。XRD分析表明，ZnO的平均晶粒尺寸为21.26 nm， ZrO2 NPs为22.06 nm， ZrO2 - ZnO为23.02 nm (1:1)， ZrO2 - ZnO为25.84 nm（1:2）。EDX分析证实仅存在Zn， Zr和O元素。SEM和TEM-SAED分析表明，纳米结构为球形，平均粒径约为20 nm。经孔扩散法测试，所合成的纳米结构对病原菌和真菌具有较强的抗菌活性。在紫外-可见光照射下对亚甲基蓝（MB）染料进行了光催化降解。ZrO2、ZnO、ZrO2 - ZnO（1:1）和ZrO2 - ZnO（1:2）表现出显著的光催化性能，在60 min内降解率分别为99.68%、97.94%、92.98%和97.75%。

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引用次数: 0

Investigating the AC electrical conductivity and dielectric parameters of PANI/CeO2 nanocomposites 研究了聚苯胺/CeO2纳米复合材料的交流电导率和介电参数

Chemistry of Inorganic Materials

Pub Date : 2025-12-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.cinorg.2025.100137

R.V. Barde , S.V. Tiwari , V.N. Bombatkar , P.R. Malasane , S.A. Waghuley

The promising conducting polymer known as polyaniline, or PANI, is produced using the insitu method of chemical oxidative polymerization. The wt% stoichiometry was used to create PANI/CeO2 nanocomposites. PANI/CeO₂ nanocomposites. AC conductivity is analyzed for PANI/CeO₂ nanocomposites across the range of temperature. The measurements are carried out by varying frequency ranges from 4Hz to 5 MHz. The crystalline structure of PANI/CeO₂ nanocomposites is confirmed by the extremely intense peak in XRD, and the functional group in FTIR provides unambiguous proof of the contributions of both PANI and CeO₂ nanoparticles. The C3 sample exhibits the maximum AC conductivity of 1.07832 x 10⁻⁶ S cm⁻¹ at 348 K, which could be caused by dipole polarization. The Nyquist plot of impedance reveals the single relaxation for pure PANI sample and single as well as double relaxation present in its composites. The real and imaginary part of dielectric with respect to frequency shows the negligible change at the lower frequency region while dipole polarization affects at the higher frequency region. Temperature has no effect on the electric modulus, but it does have an impact on the characteristic frequencies that match the maximums of the arcs.

被称为聚苯胺或PANI的有前途的导电聚合物是用化学氧化聚合的原位方法生产的。采用wt%化学计量法制备聚苯胺/CeO2纳米复合材料。聚苯胺/ CeO2纳米复合材料。分析了聚苯胺/CeO2纳米复合材料在不同温度范围内的交流电导率。测量是通过从4Hz到5mhz的不同频率范围进行的。在XRD中，聚苯胺/CeO2纳米复合材料的晶体结构得到了证实，而在FTIR中，官能团也明确证明了聚苯胺和CeO2纳米复合材料的贡献。在348 K时，C3样品的最大交流电导率为1.07832 × 10−6 S cm−1，这可能是由偶极极化引起的。阻抗的奈奎斯特图揭示了纯聚苯胺样品的单弛豫和复合材料的单弛豫和双弛豫。电介质的实部和虚部随频率的变化在低频区可以忽略不计，而偶极极化则在高频区产生影响。温度对电模量没有影响，但它确实对与电弧最大值匹配的特征频率有影响。

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引用次数: 0

A comprehensive review of metal-organic frameworks for biomedical applications: Practical challenges and future potential 生物医学应用金属有机框架的综合综述：实际挑战和未来潜力

Chemistry of Inorganic Materials

Pub Date : 2025-12-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.cinorg.2025.100139

Sai P. Katke, Ekta P. Asiwal, Sudesh T. Manjare, Suresh D. Pawar

Metal-organic frameworks, composed of organic linkers coordinated to metal ions or clusters, have emerged as a significant class of hybrid materials in coordination chemistry with growing impact in biomedical science. Their tunable chemistry, high porosity, and modular design enable efficient drug loading, controlled release, targeted therapy, and advanced bioimaging, positioning MOFs as versatile platforms for therapeutic and diagnostic applications. Their biodegradability, low toxicity, and structural adaptability further enhance their suitability for bioimaging, drug delivery, cancer therapy, biosensing, and tissue engineering. The large surface area, adjustable pore sizes, and chemical flexibility of MOFs complement their biocompatibility, collectively supporting their promise for clinical translation. This comprehensive review focuses on the various methods of MOFs synthesis with a special emphasis on major biological applications. In addition, the future scope of MOF-based biomedical technologies is discussed alongside emerging concerns related to toxicity, stability, and practical challenges. These insights aim to guide the development of safe, effective, and scalable MOFs for next-generation biomedical applications.

金属-有机骨架是由与金属离子或簇配位的有机连接剂组成的，已成为配位化学中一类重要的杂化材料，在生物医学科学中的影响越来越大。mof具有可调节的化学性质、高孔隙率和模块化设计，可实现高效的药物装载、控释、靶向治疗和先进的生物成像，将其定位为治疗和诊断应用的多功能平台。它们的可生物降解性、低毒性和结构适应性进一步增强了它们在生物成像、药物传递、癌症治疗、生物传感和组织工程方面的适用性。mof的大表面积、可调节的孔径和化学柔韧性补充了它们的生物相容性，共同支持了它们在临床转化方面的前景。本文综述了mof的各种合成方法，重点介绍了主要的生物学应用。此外，讨论了基于mof的生物医学技术的未来范围，以及与毒性、稳定性和实际挑战相关的新问题。这些见解旨在指导下一代生物医学应用中安全、有效和可扩展的mof的开发。

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引用次数: 0

Exploring the comparative photocatalytic potential of green synthesized AgFeO2 derived from the leaf extract of Amaranthus dubius and Musa acuminata 探讨了苋菜叶提取物和荆芥叶提取物合成的AgFeO2的比较光催化潜力

Chemistry of Inorganic Materials

Pub Date : 2025-12-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.cinorg.2025.100136

Sk Aakash Hossain , Sampad Sarkar , Srijeet Chanda , Shubhalakshmi Sengupta , Sayam Bhattacharyya , Fahim Ahamed , Papita Das

The present work highlights the green synthesis of AgFeO₂ delafossite nanoparticles using the leaf extract of red spinach leaves (Amaranthus dubius) and banana plant (Musa acuminata) to utilize these two samples as visible light driven photocatalysts for degrading Malachite Green and Indigo Carmine dyes in aqueous solution. The sample synthesized using red spinach leaf extract was named as ALE-AFO and the one synthesized using banana leaf extract was named as MLE-AFO respectively. The two samples were subjected to physicochemical tests such as XRD, FTIR, SEM, EDX, UV–Vis absorbance tests, EIS, and Mott-Schottky plots. The average particle size of ALE-AFO and MLE-AFO was 20.23 nm and 8.23 nm respectively. The direct band-gap of ALE-AFO and MLE-AFO as determined from Tauc's plot were 1.62 eV and 1.64 eV respectively. The point of zero charge of ALE-AFO and MLE-AFO were determined to be 8.27 and 4.87 respectively. The resistance against charge transfer within ALE-AFO was 26.4 Ω and that of MLE-AFO was 47.6 Ω respectively which indicates that ALE-AFO has smooth charge transfer phenomenon compared to MLE-AFO. The maximum Indigo Carmine removed by ALE-AFO was 78 % of 10 mg L⁻¹ (100 ml) using 30 mg dosage under pH∼2 within a reaction time of 120 min at a kinetic rate of 0.01104 min⁻¹ and that of Malachite green was 76 % degradation of 10 mg L⁻¹ (100 ml) using 30 mg dosage under pH∼8 within a reaction time of 120 min at a kinetic rate of 0.01093 min⁻¹. The quenching test indicated that hydroxyl radicals and superoxide anions were the dominant reactive oxygen species.

本研究重点利用红菠菜叶（Amaranthus dubius）和香蕉叶（Musa acuminata）的叶提取物绿色合成AgFeO2 delafosite纳米颗粒，并利用这两种样品作为可见光驱动光催化剂降解水溶液中的孔雀石绿和靛蓝胭脂染料。以红菠菜叶提取物合成的样品命名为ALE-AFO，以香蕉叶提取物合成的样品命名为MLE-AFO。对两种样品进行了XRD、FTIR、SEM、EDX、UV-Vis吸光度、EIS和Mott-Schottky图等理化测试。ALE-AFO和MLE-AFO的平均粒径分别为20.23 nm和8.23 nm。Tauc图测定ALE-AFO和MLE-AFO的直接带隙分别为1.62 eV和1.64 eV。ALE-AFO和MLE-AFO的零电荷点分别为8.27和4.87。ALE-AFO和MLE-AFO的电荷转移阻力分别为26.4 Ω和47.6 Ω，表明ALE-AFO与MLE-AFO相比具有平滑的电荷转移现象。ALE-AFO对10 mg L - 1 （100 ml）的最大降解率为78%，在pH ~ 2条件下使用30 mg剂量，反应时间为120 min，动力学速率为0.01104 min - 1；在pH ~ 8条件下使用30 mg剂量，反应时间为120 min，动力学速率为0.01093 min - 1，孔雀石绿对10 mg L - 1 （100 ml）的最大降解率为76%。淬火试验表明，羟基自由基和超氧阴离子是主要的活性氧。

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引用次数: 0

Recent advancements in synthesis, characterization, X-ray structure, and applications of Zn/Cd–OCN complexes with N/O-donor ligands: A panoramic review N/ o给体Zn/ Cd-OCN配合物的合成、表征、x射线结构及应用研究进展

Chemistry of Inorganic Materials

Pub Date : 2025-11-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.cinorg.2025.100133

Lalmohan Barman , Suman Hazra , Dhrubajyoti Majumdar , Sourav Roy , Dhiraj Das , Sudipta Dalai

The review of less-explored Zn/Cd–OCN complexes with N/O-donor ligands is a challenging task from current research perspectives in the coordination chemistry community. Still, challenges are well acknowledged for the review consideration of Zn/Cd–OCN complexes with nitrogen and oxygen donor ligands. Accordingly, this review presents a fresh perspective on the synthesis, X-ray crystallographic features, characterization, supramolecular noncovalent interactions (SNCIs), and applications of Zn/Cd–OCN complexes, drawing on available X-ray structures from 2009 to 2025. The article successfully discusses the scope and objectives, as well as the μ-bridging propensity of OCN⁻ co-ligands with Zn/Cd metal ions. Further, the review covers applications in antimicrobial, fluorescence, CO₂ sorption, and DFT-based limited studies, including MEP/ESP, HOMO-LUMO, Hirshfeld surfaces, semiconducting, and band properties. Additionally, this article sheds light on the limited Spodium bonding features. Investigations such as QTAIM/NCI plots, RDG, BCP, AIM, and NBO characterize the presence of a Spodium bond in the complexes. Overall, the article highlights the limited characterization, biological, and DFT-based properties of Zn/Cd–OCN complexes. It discusses the challenges and future outlooks through a critical discussion of refining synthetic strategy and the potential for complex applications in materials science. It explores promising future studies in biological fields that use AI or bioinformatics. This review provides novel research ideas into current trends in the coordination chemistry of Zn/Cd–OCN complexes. Therefore, the article is a valuable resource for frontier researchers investigating the X-ray structure-based bridging propensity of OCN⁻ ion in transition-metal complexes with N/O-donor ligands.

从目前的研究角度来看，对含有N/ o给体的Zn/ Cd-OCN配合物进行综述是一项具有挑战性的任务。尽管如此，对氮氧给体Zn/ Cd-OCN配合物的研究仍面临着挑战。因此，本文综述了Zn/ Cd-OCN配合物的合成、x射线晶体学特征、表征、超分子非共价相互作用（SNCIs）和应用的新视角，并结合2009年至2025年的可用x射线结构。本文成功地讨论了OCN -共配体与Zn/Cd金属离子的μ桥接倾向。此外，综述涵盖了抗菌，荧光，CO2吸附和基于dft的有限研究的应用，包括MEP/ESP， HOMO-LUMO， Hirshfeld表面，半导体和带性质。此外，本文还阐明了有限的Spodium键合特性。QTAIM/NCI图、RDG、BCP、AIM和NBO等研究表征了配合物中存在Spodium键。总的来说，本文强调了Zn/ Cd-OCN配合物的有限表征，生物学和基于dft的性质。它通过精炼合成策略和材料科学复杂应用的潜力的关键讨论讨论了挑战和未来前景。它探索了利用人工智能或生物信息学在生物领域有前途的未来研究。本文综述了Zn/ Cd-OCN配合物配位化学的最新研究方向。因此，这篇文章对于研究N/ o给体过渡金属配合物中OCN -离子基于x射线结构的桥接倾向的前沿研究人员来说是一个有价值的资源。

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引用次数: 0