Future Batteries最新文献

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Balancing the grid: Assessing the benefits of aggregated residential batteries for frequency control and prosumers

Future Batteries

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fub.2025.100023

Alejandro Pena-Bello , Mokhtar Bozorg , Mario Paolone , Martin K. Patel , David Parra

The massive increase in stochastic renewable generation, expected in the context of the energy transition, poses challenges to the stability of the power grid. Battery energy storage can positively impact the penetration of distributed solar photovoltaic (PV) systems while positively impacting the whole grid’s hosting capacity in two different ways. First, it increases the amount of PV self-consumption and, therefore, increases the value of PV generation for prosumers. Second, batteries can provide ancillary services with particular value to frequency control. In this study, we analyze the techno-economic benefits and trade-offs for the prosumer and the grid associated with a pool of distributed storage systems, managed by an aggregator participating in the Swiss frequency control market. To this end, we apply a dispatch model to behind-the-meter batteries to quantify the added value of providing automatic and manual frequency restoration reserve (aFRR and mFRR) for prosumers. We find that the provision of aFRR and mFRR considerably increases the attractiveness of battery investments, in particular for large assets. However, the use of batteries for aFRR and mFRR brings along a reduction in total PV self-sufficiency, as well as a reduced battery lifetime, which should be taken into account by the prosumer at the moment of joining an aggregator, highlighting the duality between the prosumer’s self-sufficiency and financial revenue.

{"title":"Balancing the grid: Assessing the benefits of aggregated residential batteries for frequency control and prosumers","authors":"Alejandro Pena-Bello , Mokhtar Bozorg , Mario Paolone , Martin K. Patel , David Parra","doi":"10.1016/j.fub.2025.100023","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fub.2025.100023","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The massive increase in stochastic renewable generation, expected in the context of the energy transition, poses challenges to the stability of the power grid. Battery energy storage can positively impact the penetration of distributed solar photovoltaic (PV) systems while positively impacting the whole grid’s hosting capacity in two different ways. First, it increases the amount of PV self-consumption and, therefore, increases the value of PV generation for prosumers. Second, batteries can provide ancillary services with particular value to frequency control. In this study, we analyze the techno-economic benefits and trade-offs for the prosumer and the grid associated with a pool of distributed storage systems, managed by an aggregator participating in the Swiss frequency control market. To this end, we apply a dispatch model to behind-the-meter batteries to quantify the added value of providing automatic and manual frequency restoration reserve (aFRR and mFRR) for prosumers. We find that the provision of aFRR and mFRR considerably increases the attractiveness of battery investments, in particular for large assets. However, the use of batteries for aFRR and mFRR brings along a reduction in total PV self-sufficiency, as well as a reduced battery lifetime, which should be taken into account by the prosumer at the moment of joining an aggregator, highlighting the duality between the prosumer’s self-sufficiency and financial revenue.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100560,"journal":{"name":"Future Batteries","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100023"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143131579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Empowering tomorrow: Overview of revolution battery technology, charging paradigms and diagnostics

Future Batteries

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fub.2025.100040

Ali Al Zyoud

The evolution of battery technology has been pivotal in addressing the growing energy demands of modern society. This paper explores the transition from traditional to modern charging techniques, emphasizing the improvements in charging technologies, diagnostics, and battery managing systems. It also examines the implications of these developments on electric vehicles, grid storage, and consumer electronics. The integration of artificial intelligence and the Internet of Things in battery diagnostics and managing is concerned, alongside methods for refreshing and recovery. The paper finalizes with case studies illustrating these technological advancements' real-world impacts.

引用次数: 0

Role of surface Li vacancies on the moisture stability of Li10SiP2S12 solid electrolyte: Insights from first-principles calculations

Future Batteries

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fub.2025.100043

Hou-Jen Lai, Santhanamoorthi Nachimuthu, Hao-Xiang Zheng, Jyh-Chiang Jiang

Sulfide-based solid-state electrolytes (SSEs) play a crucial role in the development of all-solid-state lithium-ion batteries (ASSLBs). However, their susceptibility to hydrolysis under humid conditions, leading to the release of toxic H₂S gas, severely limits practical applications. Elemental substitution has been widely used to enhance both the ionic conductivity and chemical stability of sulfide SSEs. Additionally, lithium vacancies have been shown to increase Li-ion conductivity, yet their effect on the moisture stability of sulfide SSEs remains insufficiently explored. In this study, we investigate the effect of Li-vacancies on the moisture stability of Li₁₀SiP₂S₁₂(LSiPS), a model sulfide SSE, using density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Our findings reveal that Li vacancies on the Li₁₀SiP₂S₁₂ (v-LSiPS), surface significantly raise the energy barrier for H₂S formation, indicating a considerable enhancement in moisture stability. Detailed bond length analyses and electron density difference (EDD) calculations demonstrate strengthened P-S bonds in the presence of Li vacancies, providing a mechanistic basis for improved stability. These insights offer valuable guidance for designing more robust sulfide-based SSEs suitable for real-world ASSLB applications.

{"title":"Role of surface Li vacancies on the moisture stability of Li10SiP2S12 solid electrolyte: Insights from first-principles calculations","authors":"Hou-Jen Lai, Santhanamoorthi Nachimuthu, Hao-Xiang Zheng, Jyh-Chiang Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.fub.2025.100043","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fub.2025.100043","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sulfide-based solid-state electrolytes (SSEs) play a crucial role in the development of all-solid-state lithium-ion batteries (ASSLBs). However, their susceptibility to hydrolysis under humid conditions, leading to the release of toxic H<sub>2</sub>S gas, severely limits practical applications. Elemental substitution has been widely used to enhance both the ionic conductivity and chemical stability of sulfide SSEs. Additionally, lithium vacancies have been shown to increase Li-ion conductivity, yet their effect on the moisture stability of sulfide SSEs remains insufficiently explored. In this study, we investigate the effect of Li-vacancies on the moisture stability of Li<sub>10</sub>SiP<sub>2</sub>S<sub>12</sub>(LSiPS), a model sulfide SSE, using density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Our findings reveal that Li vacancies on the Li<sub>10</sub>SiP<sub>2</sub>S<sub>12</sub> (v-LSiPS), surface significantly raise the energy barrier for H<sub>2</sub>S formation, indicating a considerable enhancement in moisture stability. Detailed bond length analyses and electron density difference (EDD) calculations demonstrate strengthened P-S bonds in the presence of Li vacancies, providing a mechanistic basis for improved stability. These insights offer valuable guidance for designing more robust sulfide-based SSEs suitable for real-world ASSLB applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100560,"journal":{"name":"Future Batteries","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100043"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143419195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Machine learning estimation of battery state of health in residential photovoltaic systems

Future Batteries

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fub.2025.100039

Joaquin Luque , Benedikt Schroeder , Alejandro Carrasco , Houman Heidarabadi , Carlos León , Holger Hesse

As the global adoption of residential battery storage systems paired with local photovoltaic (PV) generation increases, prosumers are increasingly motivated to reduce both their electricity costs and dependence on the grid. This shift highlights the importance of accurately evaluating and predicting the battery's State of Health (SOH) and Remaining Useful Life (RUL). These factors are crucial for determining the operational costs and longevity of battery systems. Traditionally, SOH predictions have relied heavily on detailed measurement data and time-intensive simulations. In response, we introduce a new AI-based approach that simplifies SOH estimation. Our method, named "ML Battery Life Predictor (MLBatLife)," leverages forecasted or historical PV generation data and load consumption patterns to quickly forecast the SOH for various battery configurations. Tested on simulated data, this tool demonstrated a high accuracy, with a coefficient of determination of 0.986 for predictions one day ahead, and an impressively low average error of 0.1 % for projections five years into the future. This innovative AI-driven technique offers substantial benefits for evaluating the economic viability and warranty parameters of battery installations in different regions. It provides a valuable resource for both industry stakeholders and energy system planners aiming to assess and anticipate battery health outcomes efficiently.

{"title":"Machine learning estimation of battery state of health in residential photovoltaic systems","authors":"Joaquin Luque , Benedikt Schroeder , Alejandro Carrasco , Houman Heidarabadi , Carlos León , Holger Hesse","doi":"10.1016/j.fub.2025.100039","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fub.2025.100039","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As the global adoption of residential battery storage systems paired with local photovoltaic (PV) generation increases, prosumers are increasingly motivated to reduce both their electricity costs and dependence on the grid. This shift highlights the importance of accurately evaluating and predicting the battery's State of Health (SOH) and Remaining Useful Life (RUL). These factors are crucial for determining the operational costs and longevity of battery systems. Traditionally, SOH predictions have relied heavily on detailed measurement data and time-intensive simulations. In response, we introduce a new AI-based approach that simplifies SOH estimation. Our method, named \"ML Battery Life Predictor (MLBatLife),\" leverages forecasted or historical PV generation data and load consumption patterns to quickly forecast the SOH for various battery configurations. Tested on simulated data, this tool demonstrated a high accuracy, with a coefficient of determination of 0.986 for predictions one day ahead, and an impressively low average error of 0.1 % for projections five years into the future. This innovative AI-driven technique offers substantial benefits for evaluating the economic viability and warranty parameters of battery installations in different regions. It provides a valuable resource for both industry stakeholders and energy system planners aiming to assess and anticipate battery health outcomes efficiently.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100560,"journal":{"name":"Future Batteries","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100039"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143372129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sustainable recycling and regeneration of redox flow battery components

Future Batteries

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fub.2025.100044

Yong Zuo , Wenxuan Fu , Puiki Leung , Tadele H. Wondimu , Mohd Rusllim Mohamed , Cristina Flox , A.A. Shah , Qian Xu , Qiang Liao

As the demand for large-scale sustainable energy storage grows, redox flow batteries (RFBs), particularly all-vanadium RFBs (VRFBs), have emerged as a promising solution. This review explores recycling and regeneration strategies for key VRFB components, including vanadium electrolytes, ion-exchange membranes and carbon felt electrodes, to enhance their sustainability and economic viability. Vanadium electrolytes, which account for up to 30 % of system costs, can be effectively recovered through ion-exchange and chemical reduction processes, reducing dependence on primary vanadium production. Ion-exchange membranes, primarily Nafion®, are high-cost components. While recycling methods, such as chemical dissolution and recasting show promise, challenges remain in maintaining ionic selectivity and mechanical integrity. Carbon felt electrodes, which are essential for electrochemical performance, degrade over time due to fouling and oxidation and require regeneration through thermal, chemical or physical treatments. Despite the distinct challenges of recycling each component, their effective recovery is critical for reducing operational costs, extending system lifetimes and minimizing environmental impacts. This review highlights recent technological advancements, current limitations and the broader economic and environmental benefits of sustainable recycling strategies, emphasizing their crucial role in ensuring the long-term viability of VRFBs for grid-scale energy storage.

{"title":"Sustainable recycling and regeneration of redox flow battery components","authors":"Yong Zuo , Wenxuan Fu , Puiki Leung , Tadele H. Wondimu , Mohd Rusllim Mohamed , Cristina Flox , A.A. Shah , Qian Xu , Qiang Liao","doi":"10.1016/j.fub.2025.100044","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fub.2025.100044","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As the demand for large-scale sustainable energy storage grows, redox flow batteries (RFBs), particularly all-vanadium RFBs (VRFBs), have emerged as a promising solution. This review explores recycling and regeneration strategies for key VRFB components, including vanadium electrolytes, ion-exchange membranes and carbon felt electrodes, to enhance their sustainability and economic viability. Vanadium electrolytes, which account for up to 30 % of system costs, can be effectively recovered through ion-exchange and chemical reduction processes, reducing dependence on primary vanadium production. Ion-exchange membranes, primarily Nafion®, are high-cost components. While recycling methods, such as chemical dissolution and recasting show promise, challenges remain in maintaining ionic selectivity and mechanical integrity. Carbon felt electrodes, which are essential for electrochemical performance, degrade over time due to fouling and oxidation and require regeneration through thermal, chemical or physical treatments. Despite the distinct challenges of recycling each component, their effective recovery is critical for reducing operational costs, extending system lifetimes and minimizing environmental impacts. This review highlights recent technological advancements, current limitations and the broader economic and environmental benefits of sustainable recycling strategies, emphasizing their crucial role in ensuring the long-term viability of VRFBs for grid-scale energy storage.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100560,"journal":{"name":"Future Batteries","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100044"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143445729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A review of PCM based hybrid battery thermal management systems for the prismatic lithium-ion batteries of the electric vehicle

Future Batteries

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fub.2025.100035

Anchal Awasthi , Neelkanth Nirmalkar , Anurag Kumar Tiwari

The commercialization of Electric Vehicles (EVs) has increased rapidly in the past few decades. The battery thermal management system (BTMS) has emerged as an essential part of the EV to maintain the lithium-ion battery's (LIB) Temperature within an effective range. Various types of BTMS have been studied; however, hybrid BTMS utilizing PCM has shown superior performance. In this article, we provide a review of recent publications on the hybrid battery management system (BTMS) for battery modules that include prismatic LIBs. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the design, operation, and performance of PCM-based hybrid BTMS designs for prismatic LIBs. For the hybrid BTMS for prismatic LIBs, the article has been divided into two primary design types: hybrid-liquid cooled (LC)-BTMS and hybrid-air cooled (AC)-BTMS. Discussions on the various hybrid BTMS designs have been provided. Most of the studies reported on hybrid BTMS designs utilized the numerical simulation analysis; therefore, details about the numerical simulation methodology and battery heat generation models have also been presented. Additionally, a brief contrast between the hybrid AC-BTMS and LC-BTMS systems has been provided. After analyzing and discussing the literature, conclusions, gaps in knowledge, and ideas for further studies have been identified.

{"title":"A review of PCM based hybrid battery thermal management systems for the prismatic lithium-ion batteries of the electric vehicle","authors":"Anchal Awasthi , Neelkanth Nirmalkar , Anurag Kumar Tiwari","doi":"10.1016/j.fub.2025.100035","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fub.2025.100035","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The commercialization of Electric Vehicles (EVs) has increased rapidly in the past few decades. The battery thermal management system (BTMS) has emerged as an essential part of the EV to maintain the lithium-ion battery's (LIB) Temperature within an effective range. Various types of BTMS have been studied; however, hybrid BTMS utilizing PCM has shown superior performance. In this article, we provide a review of recent publications on the hybrid battery management system (BTMS) for battery modules that include prismatic LIBs. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the design, operation, and performance of PCM-based hybrid BTMS designs for prismatic LIBs. For the hybrid BTMS for prismatic LIBs, the article has been divided into two primary design types: hybrid-liquid cooled (LC)-BTMS and hybrid-air cooled (AC)-BTMS. Discussions on the various hybrid BTMS designs have been provided. Most of the studies reported on hybrid BTMS designs utilized the numerical simulation analysis; therefore, details about the numerical simulation methodology and battery heat generation models have also been presented. Additionally, a brief contrast between the hybrid AC-BTMS and LC-BTMS systems has been provided. After analyzing and discussing the literature, conclusions, gaps in knowledge, and ideas for further studies have been identified.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100560,"journal":{"name":"Future Batteries","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100035"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143131572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

High performance electrodes modified by TiCN for vanadium redox flow batteries

Future Batteries

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fub.2025.100032

Jinze Zhang , Haoyao Rao , Lyuming Pan , Kejun Yan , Jiayou Ren , Tianshou Zhao

Graphite felts (GFs) are the main materials for electrodes in vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs) due to their high stability, excellent conductivity and large surface area. However, the poor electrochemical activity of GFs constrains the performance of VRFBs. In this study, the titanium carbonitride (TiCN) nanoparticles are employed to modify the graphite felt electrodes of VRFBs to enhance the sluggish electrochemical kinetics of the V²⁺/V³⁺ redox reactions. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) results demonstrate that the oxidation peak shifts negatively by 0.0917 V when the electrode is modified with TiCN nanoparticles compared to carbon nanoparticle-modified GFs, indicating improved electrochemical kinetics. Furthermore, the full battery charge-discharge test reveals that the energy efficiency of the TiCN-modified GFs reaches 86.6 % at a current density of 100 mA cm⁻², surpassing the efficiencies of the carbon-modified GFs (81.4 %) and the pristine GFs (76.7 %). These results suggest that TiCN nanoparticles significantly enhance the electrochemical kinetics of the V²⁺/V³⁺ redox reactions on GFs.

{"title":"High performance electrodes modified by TiCN for vanadium redox flow batteries","authors":"Jinze Zhang , Haoyao Rao , Lyuming Pan , Kejun Yan , Jiayou Ren , Tianshou Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.fub.2025.100032","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fub.2025.100032","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Graphite felts (GFs) are the main materials for electrodes in vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs) due to their high stability, excellent conductivity and large surface area. However, the poor electrochemical activity of GFs constrains the performance of VRFBs. In this study, the titanium carbonitride (TiCN) nanoparticles are employed to modify the graphite felt electrodes of VRFBs to enhance the sluggish electrochemical kinetics of the V<sup>2+</sup>/V<sup>3+</sup> redox reactions. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) results demonstrate that the oxidation peak shifts negatively by 0.0917 V when the electrode is modified with TiCN nanoparticles compared to carbon nanoparticle-modified GFs, indicating improved electrochemical kinetics. Furthermore, the full battery charge-discharge test reveals that the energy efficiency of the TiCN-modified GFs reaches 86.6 % at a current density of 100 mA cm<sup>−2</sup>, surpassing the efficiencies of the carbon-modified GFs (81.4 %) and the pristine GFs (76.7 %). These results suggest that TiCN nanoparticles significantly enhance the electrochemical kinetics of the V<sup>2+</sup>/V<sup>3+</sup> redox reactions on GFs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100560,"journal":{"name":"Future Batteries","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100032"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143131575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Numerical analysis of asymmetric biomimetic flow field structure design for vanadium redox flow battery

Future Batteries

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fub.2024.100017

Zebo Huang , Lihua Xuan , Yilin Liu , Wenyu Zhu , Xing Xie , Tong Lin , Zhenchao Huang , Jianjun Wu , Qian Huang , Yufeng Deng

In redox flow battery systems, the design of the flow field structure significantly influences reactions, mass transfer, and electrolyte distribution within the battery. The uniformity of electrolyte distribution in the electrode is affected by the geometry of the main channel and distribution ports in the flow field. This study optimizes the flow field of vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB) based on biomimetic principles, designing an asymmetric vein bionic flow field. The branching structure of plant leaf veins can effectively control the flow of fluids, reduce turbulence and dead zones, and improve the distribution uniformity and flow efficiency of fluids. By analyzing the mechanisms through which flow field structure impacts internal battery processes, this work compares performance metrics, such as discharge voltage, porous electrode concentration, and pressure drop between symmetric and asymmetric flow fields. The results indicate that the electrolyte concentration at the inlet of the asymmetric flow field is at least 0.4 % higher than that of the symmetric, and the voltage efficiency of the asymmetric flow field improves by 0.13 %. The asymmetric flow field enhances the average concentration of the porous electrode by optimizing electrolyte distribution and increasing the infiltration of active species, thereby reducing polarization, lowering internal resistance, and improving the overall performance of the flow battery from multiple perspectives.

{"title":"Numerical analysis of asymmetric biomimetic flow field structure design for vanadium redox flow battery","authors":"Zebo Huang , Lihua Xuan , Yilin Liu , Wenyu Zhu , Xing Xie , Tong Lin , Zhenchao Huang , Jianjun Wu , Qian Huang , Yufeng Deng","doi":"10.1016/j.fub.2024.100017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fub.2024.100017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In redox flow battery systems, the design of the flow field structure significantly influences reactions, mass transfer, and electrolyte distribution within the battery. The uniformity of electrolyte distribution in the electrode is affected by the geometry of the main channel and distribution ports in the flow field. This study optimizes the flow field of vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB) based on biomimetic principles, designing an asymmetric vein bionic flow field. The branching structure of plant leaf veins can effectively control the flow of fluids, reduce turbulence and dead zones, and improve the distribution uniformity and flow efficiency of fluids. By analyzing the mechanisms through which flow field structure impacts internal battery processes, this work compares performance metrics, such as discharge voltage, porous electrode concentration, and pressure drop between symmetric and asymmetric flow fields. The results indicate that the electrolyte concentration at the inlet of the asymmetric flow field is at least 0.4 % higher than that of the symmetric, and the voltage efficiency of the asymmetric flow field improves by 0.13 %. The asymmetric flow field enhances the average concentration of the porous electrode by optimizing electrolyte distribution and increasing the infiltration of active species, thereby reducing polarization, lowering internal resistance, and improving the overall performance of the flow battery from multiple perspectives.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100560,"journal":{"name":"Future Batteries","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100017"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143131398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Uncovering the role of atmosphere on thermal stability of NASICON type solid electrolytes and oxide-based cathode materials via high temperature X-ray diffraction

Future Batteries

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fub.2025.100045

Wen Zhu , Andrea Paolella , Sylvio Savoie , Gabriel Girard , Abdelbast Guerfi , Ashok Vijh , Chisu Kim , Karim Zaghib

Thermal stability of NASICON type solid electrolytes, Li_1.4Al_0.4Ti_1.6(PO₄)₃(LATP) and Li_1.25Al_0.25Ge_1.75(PO₄)₃(LAGP), were studied against LiCoO₂ (LCO), Al-doped LiNi_0.6Mn_0.2Co_0.2O₂ (NCM), LiMn₂O₄ (LMO) and LiCoPO₄ (LCP) in both air and inert gas. An in-situ high temperature X-ray diffractometer was employed to monitor phase changes during the co-sintering of the electrolytes-cathode composites. The effect of atmosphere on the thermal stability of LATP/LAGP is closely related to the stability of cathode material in the composite. LATP and LAGP are less stable in air than in inert gas when in contact with NCM and LCO. However, their thermal stabilities are similar in both air and inert gas when mixed with LMO and LCP. In the composite samples of LATP/LAGP+LMO, only traces of the impurities were detected at 700 °C due to the decomposition of LATP/LAGP. The initial lithium rich LMO loses approximately 5 % of its lithium but retains the same crystal structure. Therefore, the LATP/LAGP + LMO could be promising composite cathodes.

{"title":"Uncovering the role of atmosphere on thermal stability of NASICON type solid electrolytes and oxide-based cathode materials via high temperature X-ray diffraction","authors":"Wen Zhu , Andrea Paolella , Sylvio Savoie , Gabriel Girard , Abdelbast Guerfi , Ashok Vijh , Chisu Kim , Karim Zaghib","doi":"10.1016/j.fub.2025.100045","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fub.2025.100045","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Thermal stability of NASICON type solid electrolytes, Li<sub>1.4</sub>Al<sub>0.4</sub>Ti<sub>1.6</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>3</sub>(LATP) and Li<sub>1.25</sub>Al<sub>0.25</sub>Ge<sub>1.75</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>3</sub>(LAGP), were studied against LiCoO<sub>2</sub> (LCO), Al-doped LiNi<sub>0.6</sub>Mn<sub>0.2</sub>Co<sub>0.2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> (NCM), LiMn<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> (LMO) and LiCoPO<sub>4</sub> (LCP) in both air and inert gas. An in-situ high temperature X-ray diffractometer was employed to monitor phase changes during the co-sintering of the electrolytes-cathode composites. The effect of atmosphere on the thermal stability of LATP/LAGP is closely related to the stability of cathode material in the composite. LATP and LAGP are less stable in air than in inert gas when in contact with NCM and LCO. However, their thermal stabilities are similar in both air and inert gas when mixed with LMO and LCP. In the composite samples of LATP/LAGP+LMO, only traces of the impurities were detected at 700 °C due to the decomposition of LATP/LAGP. The initial lithium rich LMO loses approximately 5 % of its lithium but retains the same crystal structure. Therefore, the LATP/LAGP + LMO could be promising composite cathodes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100560,"journal":{"name":"Future Batteries","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100045"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143419065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A review of transport properties of electrolytes in redox flow batteries

Future Batteries

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fub.2024.100019

Xiangchi Liu , Lyuming Pan , Haoyao Rao , Yilin Wang

Redox flow battery is a competitive grid-level energy storage technique that is especially suitable for large-scale and long-duration energy storage. In redox flow batteries, the energy is stored in the electrolyte electrochemically, which circulates between the reservoir and the electrode, driven by the pump. Therefore, the electrolyte is one of the most important components in redox flow batteries and its physicochemical properties greatly determine the battery performance. Here, the transport properties of various types of electrolytes in redox flow batteries are reviewed, including viscosity, diffusion coefficient, and conductivity. This paper outlines the measuring methods and principles for these fundamental transport properties, provides typical values of viscosity, diffusion coefficient, and conductivity for different types of electrolytes, and examines the impact of those properties on the mass and charge transport as well as the overall battery performance in redox flow batteries. Insightful perspectives are proposed to bridge the electrolyte transport properties to technological relevance for better understanding and optimizing redox flow batteries.

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