Geohazard Mechanics最新文献_第3页

Assessment of ultra-high tensile-strength polyurea for underground roof fall support: Insights from work of adhesion 超高抗拉强度聚脲用于地下顶板支护的评价：来自粘附工作的见解

Geohazard Mechanics

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ghm.2025.02.001

Bobin Hou, Haozhe Xing, Songlin Yue, Zhongwei Zhang, Yanqyu Qiu, Mingyang Wang

Underground mining often faces the threat of roof fall disaster. As a new type of supporting technology, thin spray-on liner (TSL) has gained an increasing attention in underground mining due to its notable tensile strength, elongation capability, and bond strength with rock surfaces. To evaluate the roof fall support performance of TSL based on a novel ultra-high tensile-strength polyurea, tensile adhesive strength between polyurea and rock substrates were tested under different thicknesses, curing conditions, substrate strength, primer and coating method. Meanwhile, this study proposed a new testing method for dynamic tensile adhesive strength between TSL material and rock. The results indicate that the adhesive strength is inversely proportional to the square root of the coating thickness. When the curing time exceeds 7 days, the adhesive strength remains relatively constant. As the curing temperature/humidity increases, the adhesive strength gradually increases. But when the humidity exceeds 70%, the adhesive strength significantly decreases. Since the soft rock has the tensile strength that even lower than the adhesive strength, polyurea-based TSL is more suitable for harder rock from the perspective of adhesive strength. The application of a primer significantly improves the tensile adhesive strength more than 10 MPa. When the coating thickness is less than 2 mm, the adhesive strength of sprayed polyurea is significantly higher than that of brushed polyurea. Dynamic adhesive strength exhibits an insignificant loading rate effect with DIF ranging from 1.05 to 1.34. Based on the adhesion results, a supporting model was established, assessing the capability of supporting roof loose rock mass by polyurea-based TSL.

地下开采经常面临着冒顶灾害的威胁。薄喷衬管作为一种新型的支护技术，由于其具有显著的抗拉强度、延伸能力和与岩石表面的结合强度，在地下开采中越来越受到重视。为评价基于新型超高抗拉强度聚脲的TSL顶板支护性能，在不同厚度、养护条件、基材强度、底漆和涂覆方式下，测试了聚脲与岩石基材的抗拉粘接强度。同时，本研究提出了一种新的TSL材料与岩石动态拉伸粘接强度测试方法。结果表明，粘接强度与涂层厚度的平方根成反比。当固化时间超过7d时，粘接强度保持相对恒定。随着固化温度/湿度的增大，粘接强度逐渐增大。但当湿度超过70%时，粘接强度明显降低。由于软岩的抗拉强度甚至低于粘接强度，因此从粘接强度的角度来看，基于聚氨酯的TSL更适合于较硬的岩石。底漆的应用显著提高了10 MPa以上的拉伸粘接强度。当涂层厚度小于2mm时，喷涂聚脲的粘接强度明显高于刷涂聚脲。动态粘接强度在DIF范围为1.05 ~ 1.34时，加载速率效应不显著。在此基础上，建立了基于聚氨酯基TSL的顶板松散岩体支护模型，对其支护能力进行了评价。

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引用次数: 0

Development of geomechanics of highly compressed rocks and rock masses in Russia 俄罗斯高压缩岩石和岩体的地质力学进展

Geohazard Mechanics

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ghm.2025.02.002

V.V. Makarov , M.A. Guzev , V.N. Odintsev

A brief overview of the basic principles of geomechanics of highly compressed rocks and masses is presented. The historical path of formation of this new scientific branch of the classical geomechanics is shown. The scales and structural levels of the geomedium failure are identified. The issues of adequate mathematical models at various geomedium structural levels developing, as well as methods for determining the parameters of these models are considered. The object, subject, methods and principles of geomechanics of highly compressed rocks and masses are formulated as a complex discipline at the intersection of classical geomechanics and mesomechanics.

简要概述了高度压缩岩石和岩体的地质力学基本原理。揭示了这一经典地质力学新科学分支形成的历史路径。确定了几何破坏的规模和结构水平。考虑了在不同几何结构水平上建立适当的数学模型的问题，以及确定这些模型参数的方法。高度压缩岩体地质力学的对象、主体、方法和原理是经典地质力学与细观力学交叉的一门复杂学科。

引用次数: 0

Investigation on the damage accumulation mechanisms of landslides in earthquake-prone area: Role of loading-unloading cycles 地震易发区滑坡损伤累积机制研究：装卸循环的作用

Geohazard Mechanics

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ghm.2024.11.002

Ling Zhu , Luguang Luo , Shenghua Cui , Zhihao He , Hui Wang , Liangxi Zhang , Decai Kong

Investigating rock damage behavior is crucial for understanding the formation mechanisms of fractured slopes in earthquake-prone areas. However, the current understanding of the nonlinear damage processes and mechanisms of rocks under cyclic loading is insufficient. This study investigated the damage behaviors of metamorphic sandstone, granite, and phyllite under cyclic loading using acoustic emission (AE), infrared thermal imaging, and digital image correlation (DIC) techniques. The experimental results demonstrated that the damage variables based on AE counts, infrared radiation temperature variance (IRTV), and surface deformation variance (SDV) increased with increasing cycles and stress levels. The temperature variation was influenced by lithology and the types of original pores and microcracks. The lag ratio and average lag time of the SDV effectively evaluated the progressive damage process. Specific damage mechanisms were identified, including the “compaction-embedment effect” in metamorphic sandstone, the “crystal incompatible deformation-fracture effect” in granite, and the “defective fracture effect” in phyllite.

研究岩石的损伤行为对于了解地震多发地区断裂边坡的形成机制至关重要。然而，目前对岩石在循环荷载作用下的非线性损伤过程和机理的认识还不够充分。利用声发射（AE）、红外热成像和数字图像相关（DIC）技术研究了变质砂岩、花岗岩和千层岩在循环载荷作用下的损伤行为。实验结果表明，基于声发射计数、红外辐射温度方差（IRTV）和表面变形方差（SDV）的损伤变量随着循环次数和应力水平的增加而增加。温度的变化受岩性、原始孔隙和微裂纹类型的影响。SDV的滞后比和平均滞后时间可以有效地评价其渐进损伤过程。确定了变质砂岩的“压实-嵌套效应”、花岗岩的“晶体不相容变形-断裂效应”和千层岩的“缺陷断裂效应”。

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引用次数: 0

Indirect hazard evaluation by the prediction of backbreak distance in the open pit mine using support vector regression and chicken swarm optimization 基于支持向量回归和鸡群优化的露天矿背断距离间接危害评价

Geohazard Mechanics

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ghm.2024.11.001

Enming Li , Zongguo Zhang , Jian Zhou , Manoj Khandelwal , Zhi Yu , Masoud Monjezi

Backbreak is one of the undesirable phenomena in open-pit mines and causes several adverse hazards, such as lanslide, rock falling off and bench instability. Backbreak is influenced by many factors, such as rock properties, blasting design and local geology, so it is very difficult to assess and evaluate backbreak accurately. Therefore, controlling and accurate prediction of backbreak distance are crucial tasks to reduce hazards in open-pit mines. For this, soft computing-based techniques are considered to be an effective means, as they can integrate various sophisticated factors into a function to predict and evaluate backbreak distance. So, in this study, support vector regression (SVR) based techniques and three different types of bio-inspired meta-heuristic (BIMH) algorithms, such as chicken swarm optimization (CSO), whale optimization algorithm (WOA) and seagull optimization algorithm (SOA), are used to develop backbreak distance prediction models. The support vector regression is used as a regression tool and BIMH algorithms are used to optimize the hyper-parameters in the support vector regression. Four different types of evaluation metrics are utilized to assess the model performance, namely coefficient of determination (R²), mean square error (MSE), mean absolute error (MAE) and variance account for (VAF). An integrated evaluation system is adopted to provide overall performance for each backbreak prediction scenario. It can be indicated that CSO-SVR based backbreak prediction models can procure the best comprehensive performance and also show the best calculation efficiency. Detailed results include R², VAF, MSE and MAE equal to 0.99475, 0.034, 99.477 and 0.1553 for a testing set and 0.97450, 0.1633, 97.466, and 0.1914 for a training set which can be said to be an excellent prediction result. By doing this, the hazard risk induced by backbreak can be indirectly assessed. In addition, it is also found that some superior performance can be obtained in some evaluation metrics compared with previous studies which utilized the same backbreak dataset for prediction.

Backbreak是露天矿的不良现象之一，会造成滑坡、落岩、台阶失稳等不利危害。断背受岩石性质、爆破设计和当地地质等诸多因素的影响，对断背进行准确的评价和评价十分困难。因此，控制和准确预测断背距离是减少露天矿灾害的关键任务。为此，基于软计算的技术被认为是一种有效的手段，因为它可以将各种复杂的因素整合到一个函数中来预测和评估背断距离。因此，本研究采用基于支持向量回归（SVR）的技术和三种不同类型的生物启发式元算法（BIMH），即鸡群优化算法（CSO）、鲸鱼优化算法（WOA）和海鸥优化算法（SOA），建立背断距离预测模型。采用支持向量回归作为回归工具，利用BIMH算法对支持向量回归中的超参数进行优化。采用四种不同类型的评价指标来评价模型的性能，即决定系数（R2）、均方误差（MSE）、平均绝对误差（MAE）和方差占比（VAF）。采用综合评价体系，对每个backbreak预测场景进行综合评价。结果表明，基于CSO-SVR的断裂预测模型综合性能最好，计算效率也最高。详细结果显示，测试集的R2、VAF、MSE和MAE分别为0.99475、0.034、99.477和0.1553，训练集的R2、VAF、MSE和MAE分别为0.97450、0.1633、97.466和0.1914，可以说是一个很好的预测结果。通过这样做，可以间接地评估脊梁引起的危害风险。此外，研究还发现，与以往使用相同backbreak数据集进行预测的研究相比，在某些评价指标上可以获得更优的性能。

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引用次数: 0

Instability prevention and control of waste dump slopes with different consolidation degrees under the influence of rainfall 降雨影响下不同固结度排土场边坡失稳防治

Geohazard Mechanics

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ghm.2024.09.001

Cun Zhang , Shangxin Fang , Yongle Wang , Xutao Shi , Zhitang Yao , Tong Zhang

The stability and management of waste dump slopes are pivotal research topics in geotechnical engineering and have long posed central challenges in coal mine ecological restoration. Controlling the stability of waste dump slopes is challenging due to the influence of time, rainfall, stacking height, and angle on the consolidation degrees of coal gangue. On the basis of those mentioned above, the study focuses on the waste dump slope of Dongpo Coal Mine as the primary research subject. A consolidation model is developed to dynamically adjust key parameters of coal gangue based on varying degrees of consolidation, burial depth, and stress. The results of coal gangue solidification experiments was used to further develop the constitutive model of FLAC3D software. The characteristic of coal gangue with varying consolidation degrees in response to burial depth and stress variations can be realized. The stability of the waste dump slope under different slope angles, continuous rainfall, and various support measures were simulated. The threshold values for slope angle and rainfall duration that precipitate slope failure were determined. The relationship of slope angle (θ), rainfall duration (t), and slope safety factor (Fs) was elucidated and a comprehensive comparative analysis of four prevalent slope support measures was performed. The research findings indicate that with an increase in slope angle, the slope safety factor demonstrates an inversely proportional trend of decline, suggesting that the slope angle of Dongpo Coal Mine waste dump should be reduced from the original 42°–33°. At a slope angle of 33°, the slope reaches the instability threshold after five days of continuous rainfall, with the slope safety factor steadily decreasing and stabilizing as the rainfall duration prolongs. Finally, a combined support measure of three-dimensional grid planting and slope protection piles for waste dump slopes were proposed, which has yielded excellent results in field applications. This research offers valuable insights for the evaluation and management of waste dump slope stability across different consolidation degrees.

排土场边坡的稳定与治理是岩土工程领域的核心研究课题，也是煤矿生态修复的核心难题。由于矸石固结程度受时间、降雨、堆放高度、堆放角度等因素的影响，控制矸石边坡的稳定性具有一定的挑战性。在此基础上，以东坡煤矿排土场边坡为主要研究对象。建立了煤矸石固结模型，根据不同固结程度、埋深和应力动态调整煤矸石的关键参数。利用煤矸石凝固实验结果，进一步建立FLAC3D软件的本构模型。实现了煤矸石随埋深和应力变化而具有不同固结程度的特性。模拟了不同坡角、连续降雨和各种支护措施对排土场边坡稳定性的影响。确定了坡角和降雨持续时间对坡面降水破坏的阈值。阐明了边坡角（θ）、降雨持续时间(t)与边坡安全系数（Fs）之间的关系，并对4种常用边坡支护措施进行了综合对比分析。研究结果表明，随着边坡角度的增大，边坡安全系数呈反比下降趋势，建议将东坡煤矿排土场边坡角度从原来的42°减小到33°。在坡角为33°时，连续5 d降雨后，边坡达到失稳阈值，随着降雨持续时间的延长，边坡安全系数逐渐减小并趋于稳定。最后，提出了排土场边坡三维网格种植与护坡桩的组合支护措施，并在现场应用中取得了良好的效果。该研究为不同固结程度排土场边坡稳定性的评价和管理提供了有价值的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Induced mechanism of tunnel rockbursts based on dynamic buckling of rock plates 基于岩板动态屈曲的隧道岩爆诱发机理研究

Geohazard Mechanics

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ghm.2025.02.003

Jian Deng , Yanglin Gong , Shaojun Li

Rockburst, characterized by a sudden and violent rock failure resulting in the expulsion of rock from its surroundings, poses a significant threat to the safety of tunnel excavation operations, often causing property damage and injuries to workers. Buckling has been identified as a critical mechanism leading to rockbursts. Seismic events or blasting can induce rockbursts when stress waves reach the free surface of underground openings. This paper aims to investigate the induced mechanism of tunnel rockbursts based on the dynamic buckling of rectangular rock plates. As a rock stress wave approaches a tunnel sidewall, it decomposes into perpendicular and parallel component loads relative to the free surface. The perpendicular stress reflects off the free surface, forming a rectangular thin plate of rock. The parallel stress triggers parametric resonance in the plate, resulting in a tunnel rockburst. An illustrative example of tunnel sidewall rockbursts in Jinping II hydropower project, China, is provided to study the effects of stress wave amplitude and frequency, static and dynamic components, rock damping, multiple frequencies, and vibration modes. Based on this mechanism analysis, recommendations are proposed to mitigate the risk of tunnel rockbursts. The research offers a plausible explanation for the heightened frequency and severity of rockbursts in Tunnel Boring Machine tunnels compared to New Austrian Tunneling Method tunnels at the Jinping II project for the first time.

岩爆的特点是岩石突然剧烈破坏，导致岩石从周围环境中喷出，对隧道开挖作业的安全构成重大威胁，经常造成财产损失和工人受伤。屈曲已被确定为导致岩爆的关键机制。当应力波到达地下洞口自由面时，地震事件或爆破可诱发岩爆。基于矩形岩板的动态屈曲，研究隧道岩爆的诱发机理。岩石应力波在接近巷道侧壁时，相对于自由面分解为垂直和平行分量荷载。垂直应力从自由表面反射回来，形成一个矩形的岩石薄板。平行应力触发板内参数共振，导致隧道岩爆发生。在此基础上，提出了降低隧道岩爆风险的建议。

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引用次数: 0

Stability prediction of roadway surrounding rock using INGO-RF 利用 INGO-RF 预测路基围岩的稳定性

Geohazard Mechanics

Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ghm.2024.07.002

Xinchao Cui , Hongfei Duan , Wei Wang , Yun Qi , Kailong Xue , Qingjie Qi

In order to more accurately classify the stability of roadway surrounding rock and identify dangerous areas in a timely manner to prevent roadway collapse and other disasters, this study proposes an Improved Northern Gok algorithm (INGO) and Random Forest (RF) roadway surrounding rock stability prediction model. This model combines the improved INGO-RF based on the analysis of influencing factors of roadway surrounding rock stability. First, three strategies were employed to enhance the Northern Gob algorithm (NGO): logistic chaotic mapping, refraction reverse learning, and improved sine and cosine. Subsequently, INGO was utilized to optimize the number of decision trees and the minimum number of leaf nodes for RF species in order to improve the prediction accuracy of RF. Secondly, a data set consisting of 34 groups of roadway surrounding rock data is selected. The input indexes of the model include the roof strength, two-wall strength, floor strength, burial depth, roadway pillar width, ratio of direct roof thickness to mining height, and surrounding rock integrity. Meanwhile, surrounding rock stability is considered as the output index. Particle swarm optimization backpropagation neural network (PSO-BPNN), genetic algorithm optimization support vector machine (GA-SVM), Sparrow Search Algorithm optimization RF (SSA-RF) models were introduced to compare the predictive results with the INGO-RF model, and the results showed that: INGO-RF model has the best performance in the comparison of various performance indicators; compared with other models, the accuracy rate (Ac) in the test set has increased by 0.12–0.40, the accuracy rate (Pr) has increased by 0.07–0.65, and the recall rate (Re) has increased by 0.08–0.37; the harmonic mean (F₁-Score) of the recall rate increased by 0.08–0.52, the mean absolute error (MAE) decreased by 0.1428–0.4285, the mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) decreased by 7.15%–28.57 %, and the root mean square error (RMSE) decreased by 0.1565–0.3779; and finally, the data on surrounding rock conditions of roadways in multiple mining areas in Shanxi Province were collected to test the INGO-RF model. The results indicate that the predicted outcomes closely align with the actual results, demonstrating a certain level of reliability and stability, which can better meet the practical needs of engineering and avoid the occurrence of mine disasters.

为了更准确地对巷道围岩稳定性进行分类，及时识别危险区域，防止巷道垮塌等灾害的发生，本研究提出了一种改进的Northern Gok算法（INGO）和随机森林（RF）巷道围岩稳定性预测模型。该模型在分析巷道围岩稳定性影响因素的基础上，结合改进的INGO-RF模型。首先，采用logistic混沌映射、折射反向学习和改进正弦余弦三种策略增强Northern Gob算法（NGO）。随后，利用INGO优化RF物种的决策树数量和最小叶节点数量，以提高RF的预测精度。其次，选取了由34组巷道围岩数据组成的数据集；模型的输入指标包括顶板强度、两壁强度、底板强度、埋深、巷道矿柱宽度、顶板直接厚度与采高之比、围岩完整性等。同时考虑围岩稳定性作为输出指标。引入粒子群优化反向传播神经网络（PSO-BPNN）、遗传算法优化支持向量机（GA-SVM）、麻雀搜索算法优化射频（SSA-RF）模型，将预测结果与INGO-RF模型进行比较，结果表明：INGO-RF模型在各项性能指标的比较中表现最佳；与其他模型相比，测试集中准确率（Ac）提高了0.12-0.40，准确率（Pr）提高了0.07-0.65，召回率（Re）提高了0.08-0.37；召回率的调和平均值（F1-Score）提高了0.08 ~ 0.52，平均绝对误差（MAE）降低了0.1428 ~ 0.4285，平均绝对百分比误差（MAPE）降低了7.15% ~ 28.57%，均方根误差（RMSE）降低了0.1565 ~ 0.3779；最后，对山西省多个矿区巷道围岩状况进行数据采集，对INGO-RF模型进行验证。结果表明，预测结果与实际结果吻合较好，具有一定的可靠性和稳定性，能较好地满足工程实际需要，避免矿难的发生。

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引用次数: 0

Indirect evaluation of the influence of rock boulders in blasting to the geohazard: Unearthing geologic insights fused with tree seed based LSTM algorithm 爆破巨石对地质灾害影响的间接评价：结合基于树种子的LSTM算法挖掘地质信息

Geohazard Mechanics

Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ghm.2024.06.001

Blessing Olamide Taiwo , Shahab Hosseini , Yewuhalashet Fissha , Kursat Kilic , Omosebi Akinwale Olusola , N. Sri Chandrahas , Enming Li , Adams Abiodun Akinlabi , Naseer Muhammad Khan

Effective control of blasting outcomes depends on a thorough understanding of rock geology and the integration of geological characteristics with blast design parameters. This study underscores the importance of adapting blast design parameters to geological conditions to optimize the utilization of explosive energy for rock fragmentation. To achieve this, data on fifty geo-blast design parameters were collected and used to train machine learning algorithms. The objective was to develop predictive models for estimating the blast oversize percentage, incorporating seven controlled components and one uncontrollable index. The study employed a combination of hybrid long-short-term memory (LSTM), support vector regression, and random forest algorithms. Among these, the LSTM model enhanced with the tree seed algorithm (LSTM-TSA) demonstrated the highest prediction accuracy when handling large datasets. The LSTM-TSA soft computing model was specifically leveraged to optimize various blast parameters such as burden, spacing, stemming length, drill hole length, charge length, powder factor, and joint set number. The estimated percentage oversize values for these parameters were determined as 0.7 m, 0.9 m, 0.65 m, 1.4 m, 0.7 m, 1.03 kg/m³, 35 %, and 2, respectively. Application of the LSTM-TSA model resulted in a significant 28.1 % increase in the crusher's production rate, showcasing its effectiveness in improving blasting operations.

有效控制爆破效果取决于对岩石地质的深入了解，并将地质特征与爆破设计参数相结合。该研究强调了根据地质条件调整爆破设计参数以优化破岩爆破能量利用的重要性。为了实现这一目标，收集了50个地爆设计参数的数据，并用于训练机器学习算法。目标是建立预测模型来估计爆炸超大尺寸百分比，包括7个可控成分和1个不可控指标。该研究采用了混合长短期记忆（LSTM）、支持向量回归和随机森林算法的组合。其中，树种子算法增强的LSTM模型（LSTM- tsa）在处理大数据集时表现出最高的预测精度。利用LSTM-TSA软计算模型对各种爆破参数进行优化，如载荷、间距、堵塞长度、钻孔长度、装药长度、粉末系数和接头设置数。这些参数的估计超大尺寸百分比值分别为0.7 m、0.9 m、0.65 m、1.4 m、0.7 m、1.03 kg/m3、35%和2%。LSTM-TSA模型的应用使破碎机的生产率显著提高28.1%，表明了该模型在改善爆破作业方面的有效性。

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引用次数: 0

Optimization design method of 2D+3D slope shape for landslide prevention in open-pit coal mine 露天煤矿预防滑坡的 2D + 3D 坡形优化设计方法

Geohazard Mechanics

Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ghm.2024.05.004

Jinlong Gao , Shihui Wang , Luqing Ye , Juyu Jiang , Jianxiong Sun

In order to improve the stability of the slope and prevent the occurrence of landslide disaster, this study took the east slope of the first mining area of Zhundong Open-pit Coal Mine as the engineering background, and used a combination of the two-dimensional limit equilibrium method and three-dimensional numerical simulation to optimize the shape of the east slope. By selecting a typical calculation profile based on the Bishop method and the residual thrust method in the two-dimensional rigid body limit equilibrium method, this research carried out the stability analysis of the profile slope, and preliminarily designed the slope shape of the profile position meeting the requirements of the safety reserve coefficient and stripping ratio. Based on the three-dimensional finite element strength reduction method, this paper investigated the reasonably change of the width of the transport plate to solve the problem of the slope shape that does not meet the requirements of safety reserve coefficient and stripping ratio, and established a three-dimensional numerical simulation model of various schemes. It also studied the influence of different tracking distances and slope angles on slope stability, calculated the three-dimensional stability of the slope under different spatial forms, then determined the optimal tracking distance and optimal slope angle, and further optimize the slope stability and stripping ratio. The results show that: when the width of the transport plate of the DBS3 section slope is 8 m, it does not meet the requirement of safety reserve coefficient 1.2; when the width of the transport plate is set to 24 m, it meets the requirement of a safety reserve coefficient of 1.2 and an economic stripping ratio of not more than 8.0 m3/t. The three-dimensional numerical simulation results concluded that the optimal tracking distance on the east side is 50 m, and the optimal slope angle is 35°. After the optimization design of a two-dimensional and three-dimensional slope shape, 2.456 million tons of coal resources were mined, creating a profit of about 21.1268 million yuan. It not only prevents landslide disasters, but also further improve the recovery rate of coal resources.

为了提高边坡的稳定性，防止滑坡灾害的发生，本研究以准东露天煤矿一采区东边坡为工程背景，采用二维极限平衡法与三维数值模拟相结合的方法对东边坡进行形状优化。本研究选取了基于二维刚体极限平衡法中Bishop法和残余推力法的典型计算剖面，对剖面边坡进行了稳定性分析，初步设计了满足安全储备系数和剥脱比要求的剖面位置边坡形状。本文基于三维有限元强度折减法，研究了合理改变输运板宽度以解决边坡形状不满足安全储备系数和剥脱比要求的问题，建立了各种方案的三维数值模拟模型。研究了不同跟踪距离和坡角对边坡稳定性的影响，计算了不同空间形态下边坡的三维稳定性，确定了最优跟踪距离和最优坡角，进一步优化了边坡稳定性和剥脱比。结果表明：当DBS3断面边坡输运板宽度为8 m时，不满足安全储备系数1.2的要求；当输送板宽度设置为24m时，满足安全储备系数为1.2，经济汽提比不大于8.0 m3/t的要求。三维数值模拟结果表明，东侧最佳跟踪距离为50 m，最佳坡角为35°。经过二维和三维边坡形状的优化设计，共开采煤炭资源245.6万吨，创造利润约21212.68万元。既防止了滑坡灾害，又进一步提高了煤炭资源的回收率。

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引用次数: 0

Technical management practice of rock burst prevention and control: A case study of Yankuang Energy Group Co., Ltd. 岩爆防治技术管理实践——以兖矿能源集团有限公司为例

Geohazard Mechanics

Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ghm.2024.05.003

Shitan Gu , Chao Wang , Wenshuai Li , Bing Gui , Bangyou Jiang , Ting Ren , Zhimin Xiao

To ensure the on-site implementation of regulations and technical measures for rock burst prevention and control, this study takes Yankuang Energy Group Co., Ltd. as an example, establishes an on-site technical management system for preventing and controlling rock burst in coal mines. This on-site technical management system is based on the principles of zero rock burst accident, graded management and control, general manager and chief engineer responsibility, as well as scientific, systematic, streamlined, and efficient management. This system includes a technical management system and an on-site management mode, among which the former includes an organizational system, an institutional system, a technical data management system, and a comprehensive supervision and management system. The on-site management mode includes five aspects and six links. The construction of an on-site technical management system for rock burst prevention and control can ensure the timely detection and rectification of problems, remove management loopholes, and prevent the occurrence of rock burst disasters.

为保证冲击地压防治法规和技术措施的现场落实，本研究以兖矿能源集团有限公司为例，建立了煤矿冲击地压防治现场技术管理体系。本现场技术管理制度是按照零冲击地压事故、分级管理和控制、总经理和总工程师负责制的原则，科学、系统、精简、高效管理。该体系包括技术管理体系和现场管理模式，其中技术管理模式包括组织体系、制度体系、技术资料管理体系和综合监督管理体系。现场管理模式包括五个方面和六个环节。建立地压防治现场技术管理体系，可以保证及时发现和纠正问题，消除管理漏洞，防止地压灾害的发生。

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