High-speed Railway最新文献_第3页

Zero on-site testing on GNSS for train control towards digital railways 面向数字铁路的列车控制GNSS零现场测试

High-speed Railway

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.hspr.2025.05.003

Debiao Lu , Wenzheng Qiao , Baigen Cai , Jian Wang , Jiang Liu , Yuchen Zhao , Chunjie Qiao , Dirk Spiegel

The integration of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) technology into railway train control systems is a crucial step toward achieving the vision of a digital railway. Traditional train control systems undergo extensive in-house tests and prolonged field tests for certification and approval before operational deployment, leading to high costs, delays, and operational disruptions. This paper introduces a GNSS-based train control localization framework which eliminates the need for on-site testing by leveraging train movement dynamics and 3D environment modeling to create a zero on-site testing platform. The proposed framework simulates train movement and the surrounding 3D environment using collected railway line location data and environmental attributes to generate realistic multipath signals and obscuration effects. This approach enables comprehensive laboratory-based case studies for train localization, reducing the huge amount test of needed for physical field trials. The framework is established in house, using the data collected at the Test Base of China Academy of Railway Sciences (Circular Railway). Results from the open area and cutting environment tests demonstrate high localization accuracy repeatability within the simulated environment, validating the feasibility and effectiveness of zero on-site testing for GNSS-based train control systems. This research highlights the potential of GNSS simulation platforms in enhancing cost efficiency, operational safety, and accuracy for future digital railways.

将全球卫星导航系统（GNSS）技术整合到铁路列控系统中，是实现数字铁路愿景的关键一步。传统的列车控制系统在运行部署前需要进行大量的内部测试和长时间的现场测试，以获得认证和批准，从而导致高成本、延迟和运行中断。本文介绍了一种基于gnss的列车控制定位框架，利用列车运动动力学和三维环境建模，建立零现场测试平台，消除了现场测试的需要。该框架利用收集到的铁路线位置数据和环境属性来模拟列车运动和周围的三维环境，以产生逼真的多径信号和遮挡效果。这种方法为列车定位提供了全面的基于实验室的案例研究，减少了物理现场试验所需的大量测试。本文利用中国铁道科学研究院（环线）试验基地收集的数据，在内部建立了该框架。开放区域和切割环境测试的结果表明，在模拟环境中具有较高的定位精度和重复性，验证了基于gnss的列车控制系统零现场测试的可行性和有效性。这项研究强调了GNSS仿真平台在提高未来数字铁路的成本效率、运营安全性和准确性方面的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Step-heating thermography NDT for new composite high-speed rail carbodies 新型复合材料高速铁路车体的阶梯加热热成像无损检测

High-speed Railway

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.hspr.2025.02.002

Alkiviadis Tromaras, Vassilios Kappatos, Evangelos D. Spyrou

The motivation of this paper is to explore the application of Step-Heating Thermography (SHT) as a technique capable of inspecting new composite rail carbodies using demanding requirements set by the rail manufacturing industry. A large composite sample, with Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) artificial defects, replicating a side-wall section of a new rail carbody, was manufactured and inspected for surface and subsurface defects in this research. The sample, characterized by its large thickness, consists of a monolithic Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polymers (CFRP) component (20 mm thickness) and a CFRP-PET foam-CFRP sandwich (40 mm total thickness) component fused together. The main challenge of the inspection procedure was to apply reflection mode thermography and detect defects in the entire thickness of the sample that exhibits both low emissivity and thermal insulating properties, especially at the sandwich sections of the sample. The paper explored thermography procedures that would be able to detect large numbers of defects under one single acquisition and would be applied under an automated inspection process leading to the detection of defects only up to 5 mm in the CFRP sections of the sample while no defects were able to be detected at the back skin of the sample.

本文的动机是探索步进加热热成像技术（SHT）的应用，作为一种能够检测新的复合轨道车体的技术，以满足轨道制造业的苛刻要求。在本研究中，制造了一个大型的复合样品，与聚四氟乙烯（PTFE）人工缺陷，复制了一个新的轨道车体的侧壁部分，并检查了表面和表面下的缺陷。该样品的特点是厚度大，由单片碳纤维增强聚合物（CFRP）组件（20 mm厚度）和CFRP- pet泡沫-CFRP夹层组件（40 mm总厚度）融合在一起。检测过程的主要挑战是应用反射模式热成像技术，并检测样品的整个厚度的缺陷，这些缺陷既具有低发射率又具有隔热性能，特别是在样品的夹层部分。本文探索了热成像程序，该程序能够在一次采集中检测到大量缺陷，并将在自动检查过程中应用，从而在样品的CFRP部分中仅检测到5 mm的缺陷，而在样品的背面皮肤上无法检测到缺陷。

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引用次数: 0

5G network planning in connecting urban areas for trains service using a genetic algorithm 利用遗传算法连接城市地区的5G网络规划

High-speed Railway

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.hspr.2025.04.003

Evangelos D. Spyrou, Vassilios Kappatos

The adoption of 5G for Railways (5G-R) is expanding, particularly in high-speed trains, due to the benefits offered by 5G technology. High-speed trains must provide seamless connectivity and Quality of Service (QoS) to ensure passengers have a satisfactory experience throughout their journey. Installing base stations along urban environments can improve coverage but can dramatically reduce the experience of users due to interference. In particular, when a user with a mobile phone is a passenger in a high speed train traversing between urban centres, the coverage and the 5G resources in general need to be adequate not to diminish her experience of the service. The utilization of macro, pico, and femto cells may optimize the utilization of 5G resources. In this paper, a Genetic Algorithm (GA)-based approach to address the challenges of 5G network planning for 5G-R services is presented. The network is divided into three cell types, macro, pico, and femto cells—and the optimization process is designed to achieve a balance between key objectives: providing comprehensive coverage, minimizing interference, and maximizing energy efficiency. The study focuses on environments with high user density, such as high-speed trains, where reliable and high-quality connectivity is critical. Through simulations, the effectiveness of the GA-driven framework in optimizing coverage and performance in such scenarios is demonstrated. The algorithm is compared with the Particle Swarm Optimisation (PSO) and the Simulated Annealing (SA) methods and interesting insights emerged. The GA offers a strong balance between coverage and efficiency, achieving significantly higher coverage than PSO while maintaining competitive energy efficiency and interference levels. Its steady fitness improvement and adaptability make it well-suited for scenarios where wide coverage is a priority alongside acceptable performance trade-offs.

由于5G技术提供的好处，5G铁路（5G- r）的采用正在扩大，特别是在高速列车中。高铁必须提供无缝连接和服务质量（QoS），以确保乘客在整个旅程中获得满意的体验。沿着城市环境安装基站可以改善覆盖范围，但由于干扰，可能会大大降低用户的体验。特别是，当使用手机的用户是在城市中心之间穿行的高速列车上的乘客时，通常需要足够的覆盖范围和5G资源，以免影响她的服务体验。宏、微、微蜂窝的利用可以优化5G资源的利用。本文提出了一种基于遗传算法（GA）的方法来解决5G- r业务的5G网络规划挑战。该网络分为三种单元类型，宏单元、微单元和微单元，优化过程旨在实现关键目标之间的平衡：提供全面覆盖、最小化干扰和最大化能源效率。该研究的重点是高用户密度的环境，如高速列车，在这些环境中，可靠和高质量的连接至关重要。通过仿真，证明了ga驱动框架在优化这些场景下的覆盖和性能方面的有效性。将该算法与粒子群优化（PSO）和模拟退火（SA）方法进行了比较，得出了有趣的见解。GA在覆盖范围和效率之间提供了强有力的平衡，在保持具有竞争力的能源效率和干扰水平的同时，实现了比PSO更高的覆盖范围。其稳定的适应度改进和适应性使其非常适合于优先考虑广泛覆盖以及可接受的性能权衡的场景。

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引用次数: 0

Nondestructive testing methods for rail defects detection 钢轨缺陷检测的无损检测方法

High-speed Railway

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.hspr.2025.03.001

Ravikant Mordia , Arvind Kumar Verma

The rapid progress in the construction of heavy-haul and high-speed railways has led to a surge in rail defects and unforeseen failures. Addressing this issue necessitates the implementation of more sophisticated rail inspection methods, specifically involving real-time, precise detection, and assessment of rail defects. Current applications fail to address the evolving requirements, prompting the need for advancements. This paper provides a summary of various types of rail defects and outlines both traditional and innovative non-destructive inspection techniques, examining their fundamental features, benefits, drawbacks, and practical suitability for railway track inspection. It also explores potential enhancements to equipment and software. The comprehensive review draws upon pertinent international research and review papers. Furthermore, the paper introduces a fusion of inspection methods aimed at enhancing the overall reliability of defect detection.

重载和高速铁路建设的快速发展导致铁路缺陷和不可预见的故障激增。解决这个问题需要实施更复杂的铁路检查方法，特别是涉及实时、精确的检测和铁路缺陷评估。当前的应用程序无法满足不断变化的需求，这促使了对进步的需求。本文概述了各种类型的轨道缺陷，概述了传统的和创新的无损检测技术，研究了它们的基本特征、优点、缺点以及在铁路轨道检测中的实际适用性。它还探讨了设备和软件的潜在改进。全面的审查借鉴了相关的国际研究和审查论文。此外，本文还介绍了一种融合检测方法，旨在提高缺陷检测的整体可靠性。

引用次数: 0

Exploration and practice of high speed EMU digital train based on digital twin 基于数字孪生的高速动车组数字列车的探索与实践

High-speed Railway

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.hspr.2025.01.004

Wei Dong , Kexin Sun , Bochuan Ding , Jilei Yin

Digital twin is one of the key technologies driving the digitalization and intelligence of railway transportation equipment. The development of enabling technologies such as big data, industrial internet of things, and artificial intelligence has facilitated the deep integration of digital twin technology with railway transportation, promoting the high-quality development of the railway transportation industry. This paper studies the design, manufacturing, operation, and maintenance scenarios and requirements of high-speed train sets. Based on the current status of the application and development trends of digital twin technology, it proposes the overall architecture and functional architecture of a digital train for high-speed train sets. The paper also presents the engineering implementation of key high-speed train set bogie systems, providing valuable information for the future construction of digital trains for high-speed train sets.

数字孪生是推动铁路运输设备数字化、智能化的关键技术之一。大数据、工业物联网、人工智能等使能技术发展，推动数字孪生技术与铁路交通深度融合，推动铁路运输业高质量发展。本文研究了高速列车组的设计、制造、运行和维护场景及需求。根据数字孪生技术的应用现状和发展趋势，提出了高速动车组数字列车的总体架构和功能架构。本文还介绍了关键高速列车组转向架系统的工程实现，为今后高速列车组数字化列车的建设提供了有价值的信息。

引用次数: 0

Anti-spoofing performance analysis of typical GNSS-based railway train positioning schemes 基于gnss的典型铁路列车定位方案的抗欺骗性能分析

High-speed Railway

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.hspr.2025.01.005

Siqi Wang , Jiang Liu , Baigen Cai , Jian Wang , Debiao Lu , Wei Jiang

Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSSs) are vulnerable to both unintentional interference and intentional attacks, making it difficult to meet the stringent safety requirements of railway train control systems. The growing threat to information security posed by spoofing attacks has received limited attention. This study investigates the impact of GNSS spoofing attacks on train positioning, emphasizing their detrimental effects on the accuracy and availability of train location report functions for train operation control. To explore the anti-spoofing performance of typical GNSS-based train positioning schemes, specific approaches, and system architectures are designed under two GNSS-alone and two GNSS-integrated train positioning schemes. Field data are utilized to establish spoofing attack scenarios for GNSS-based train positioning, with which the anti-spoofing capabilities of different train positioning schemes are evaluated. Experimental results indicate that under specific conditions, the GNSS-integrated positioning schemes demonstrate superior GNSS spoofing suppression capabilities. Results of the tests present valuable guidance for designers and manufacturers in developing more advanced and resilient train positioning solutions and equipment for the next generation of train control systems, thereby promoting the applications of GNSS technology in railway systems.

全球卫星导航系统（gnss）容易受到无意干扰和故意攻击，难以满足铁路列控系统严格的安全要求。欺骗攻击对信息安全造成的日益严重的威胁受到的关注有限。本研究探讨了GNSS欺骗攻击对列车定位的影响，强调了它们对列车运行控制中列车位置报告功能的准确性和可用性的不利影响。为了探讨基于gnss的典型列车定位方案的抗欺骗性能，设计了两种单独gnss和两种集成gnss的列车定位方案的具体方法和系统架构。利用现场数据建立基于gnss的列车定位欺骗攻击场景，评估不同列车定位方案的抗欺骗能力。实验结果表明，在特定条件下，GNSS集成定位方案具有较好的GNSS欺骗抑制能力。测试结果为设计人员和制造商为下一代列车控制系统开发更先进、更有弹性的列车定位解决方案和设备提供了宝贵指导，从而促进了GNSS技术在铁路系统中的应用。

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引用次数: 0

Intelligent human-computer interactive training assistant system for rail systems 铁路系统智能人机交互训练辅助系统

High-speed Railway

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.hspr.2025.02.001

Yuexuan Li , Junhua Chen , Xiangyong Luo , Han Zheng

In recent years, railway construction in China has developed vigorously. With continuous improvements in the high-speed railway network, the focus is gradually shifting from large-scale construction to large-scale operations. However, several challenges have emerged within the high-speed railway dispatching and command system, including the heavy workload faced by dispatchers, the difficulty of quantifying subjective expertise, and the need for effective training of professionals. Amid the growing application of artificial intelligence technologies in railway systems, this study leverages Large Language Model (LLM) technology. LLMs bring enhanced intelligence, predictive capabilities, robust memory, and adaptability to diverse real-world scenarios. This study proposes a human-computer interactive intelligent scheduling auxiliary training system built on LLM technology. The system offers capabilities including natural dialogue, knowledge reasoning, and human feedback learning. With broad applicability, the system is suitable for vocational education, guided inquiry, knowledge-based Q&A, and other training scenarios. Validation results demonstrate its effectiveness in auxiliary training, providing substantial support for educators, students, and dispatching personnel in colleges and professional settings.

近年来，中国铁路建设蓬勃发展。随着高速铁路网络的不断完善，重点逐渐从大规模建设转向大规模运营。然而，高速铁路调度和指挥系统中出现了一些挑战，包括调度员面临的繁重工作量，难以量化主观专业知识，以及需要有效培训专业人员。随着人工智能技术在铁路系统中的应用越来越广泛，本研究利用了大语言模型（LLM）技术。llm带来了增强的智能、预测能力、强大的记忆和对不同现实场景的适应性。本研究提出了一种基于LLM技术的人机交互智能调度辅助训练系统。该系统提供的功能包括自然对话、知识推理和人类反馈学习。该系统适用性广，适用于职业教育、引导式探究、知识型问答等培训场景。验证结果证明了它在辅助培训方面的有效性，为高校和专业环境中的教育工作者、学生和派遣人员提供了实质性的支持。

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引用次数: 0

Study on structure-borne noise characteristics and noise reduction of “integrated station-bridge” high-speed railway station 高铁“站桥一体”车站结构噪声特性及降噪研究

High-speed Railway

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.hspr.2025.01.001

Bowen Hou , Xinhao Liang , Di Wang

Due to its high space utilization efficiency and overall advantages, the "integrated station-bridge" design is widely used in high-speed rail stations. However, compared to traditional separated station-bridge structures, the structure-borne noise generated by high-speed trains passing through these stations is more pronounced. To investigate the structure-borne noise radiation characteristics of these station designs, we developed a noise simulation model for the "integrated station-bridge" high-speed railway station and validated its reliability through comparison with test results. Building on this, we implemented the floating track slab between the track structure and the station platform to mitigate structure-borne noise. Furthermore, we examined the factors influencing the noise reduction effectiveness of the floating floor. The results indicated that train passages result in significant structure-borne noise issues in "integrated station-bridge" stations. The maximum sound pressure levels at the waiting hall and platform exceed 70 dB(A). After the implementation of the floating floor, the maximum sound pressure levels on each floor decreased by 11–14 dB(A). Additionally, increasing the thickness of the floating floor and reducing the stiffness of the steel spring bearings both enhanced the noise reduction effectiveness of the floating floor.

“站桥一体”设计由于其空间利用效率高、整体优势强，在高铁车站中得到了广泛应用。然而，与传统的分离式站桥结构相比，高速列车通过这些车站时产生的结构噪声更为明显。为了研究这些站点设计的结构噪声辐射特性，我们建立了高铁“站桥一体”站点的噪声仿真模型，并通过与试验结果的对比验证了其可靠性。在此基础上，我们在轨道结构和车站平台之间实施了浮动轨道板，以减轻结构传递的噪音。此外，我们还研究了影响浮动地板降噪效果的因素。结果表明，列车通道对“站桥一体”车站的结构噪声影响较大。候车大厅及站台的最大声压级超过70 dB(A)。采用浮动楼板后，各楼层最大声压级降低了11-14 dB(A)。此外，增加浮层厚度和降低钢弹簧轴承刚度都增强了浮层的降噪效果。

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引用次数: 0

Research and application of key technologies for intelligent control and detection in prestressed construction of railway bridge 铁路桥梁预应力施工智能控制与检测关键技术研究与应用

High-speed Railway

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.hspr.2025.01.003

Di Hao

China's railway prestressed concrete bridge has more than 600000 holes, prestressed engineering is a key force system affecting the safety and durability of the prestressed concrete bridge structure, its construction quality is easily affected by traditional manual operation technology, resulting in low construction efficiency and control accuracy, easy to form a hidden danger of quality and safety, it is difficult to meet the needs of less humanized, standardized intelligent construction trend. Based on the research on the intelligent prestressed construction control and testing technology and equipment for railway bridges, this paper proposes the integration of intelligent prestressed tension control and tunnel friction test of railway bridges, intelligent grouting control of tunnel and intelligent testing of beam construction quality, and sets up a complete technical system and integrated equipment for intelligent prestressed construction of bridges based on the industrial Internet of Things (IoT). Overall, improve the quality and efficiency of bridge production, construction, and management.

中国铁路预应力混凝土桥梁有60多万个孔洞，预应力工程是影响预应力混凝土桥梁结构安全和耐久性的关键受力系统，其施工质量容易受到传统人工操作技术的影响，导致施工效率和控制精度低，容易形成质量安全隐患，难以满足人性化需求；标准化智能化建设趋势。本文在对铁路桥梁智能预应力施工控制与检测技术及设备研究的基础上，提出了铁路桥梁智能预应力张拉控制与隧道摩擦试验一体化、隧道智能注浆控制与梁施工质量智能检测一体化；建立了完整的基于工业物联网的桥梁智能预应力施工技术体系和集成设备。全面提高桥梁生产、施工、管理的质量和效率。

引用次数: 0

Advanced 6 G wireless communication technologies for intelligent high-speed railways 面向智能高铁的先进6g无线通信技术

High-speed Railway

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.hspr.2024.11.007

Wei Chen , Bo Ai , Yuxuan Sun , Cong Yu , Bowen Zhang , Chau Yuen

The rapid expansion of railways, especially High-Speed Railways (HSRs), has drawn considerable interest from both academic and industrial sectors. To meet the future vision of smart rail communications, the rail transport industry must innovate in key technologies to ensure high-quality transmissions for passengers and railway operations. These systems must function effectively under high mobility conditions while prioritizing safety, eco-friendliness, comfort, transparency, predictability, and reliability. On the other hand, the proposal of 6 G wireless technology introduces new possibilities for innovation in communication technologies, which may truly realize the current vision of HSR. Therefore, this article gives a review of the current advanced 6 G wireless communication technologies for HSR, including random access and switching, channel estimation and beamforming, integrated sensing and communication, and edge computing. The main application scenarios of these technologies are reviewed, as well as their current research status and challenges, followed by an outlook on future development directions.

铁路，特别是高速铁路的快速发展，引起了学术界和工业界的极大兴趣。为了满足未来智能轨道通信的愿景，轨道交通行业必须在关键技术上进行创新，以确保高质量的客运和铁路运营传输。这些系统必须在高机动性条件下有效运行，同时优先考虑安全性、环保性、舒适性、透明度、可预测性和可靠性。另一方面，6 G无线技术的提出为通信技术的创新带来了新的可能性，这可能真正实现高铁的当前愿景。因此，本文综述了目前先进的6 G高铁无线通信技术，包括随机接入和交换、信道估计和波束形成、集成传感和通信以及边缘计算。综述了这些技术的主要应用场景、研究现状和面临的挑战，并展望了未来的发展方向。

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引用次数: 0