Pub Date : 2025-04-12DOI: 10.1016/j.imj.2025.100178
Weiwei Wu , Wenwen Zhu , Jing Tong , Qiang Zhou , Yanping Xu , Xiuxiu Zhou , Yu Du , Jun Bi , Liguo Zhu
Background
The isolation and culture of Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) is time-consuming and has a low success rate. On the basis of the fact that cell lines are susceptible to MP contamination, we explored the possibility of using Hep-2 cell culture for the isolation and culture of MP, to overcome this long-standing technical problem.
Methods
Quantitative Real-time PCR (qPCR) was used to detect MP in the nucleic acid samples of clinically suspected mycoplasma-infected patients. Positive samples were cultured in Hep-2 cells, with the classical commercial MP liquid culture medium serving as a control. For successful isolation of MP, the broth culture medium was used for subculture, then transferred to solid agar medium for isolation. The isolated strains were identified by nucleic acid and whole-genome sequencing.
Results
Among the 20 throat swab samples collected from individuals with influenza-like illness, 10 MP-positive samples were detected by qPCR. Five strains of Mycoplasma were successfully cultured in Hep-2 cells within 7–10 days, while one strain was cultured in commercial MP broth after 21 days, with isolation rates of 50% and 10%, respectively. After repeated subculturing in liquid medium and inoculation onto solid medium, “fried-egg”-like colonies emerged. The isolated strains were identified by nucleic acid and whole-genome sequencing.
Conclusions
The use of cell culture enables the rapid and effective isolation and culture of MP, addressing the long-standing challenge of MP cultivation. This advancement may contribute to improved antibiotic development, vaccine research, and the maintenance of global public health security.
{"title":"Innovative exploration of Hep-2 cell culture in the isolation and culture of Mycoplasma pneumoniae","authors":"Weiwei Wu , Wenwen Zhu , Jing Tong , Qiang Zhou , Yanping Xu , Xiuxiu Zhou , Yu Du , Jun Bi , Liguo Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.imj.2025.100178","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.imj.2025.100178","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The isolation and culture of <em>Mycoplasma pneumoniae</em> (MP) is time-consuming and has a low success rate. On the basis of the fact that cell lines are susceptible to MP contamination, we explored the possibility of using Hep-2 cell culture for the isolation and culture of MP, to overcome this long-standing technical problem.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Quantitative Real-time PCR (qPCR) was used to detect MP in the nucleic acid samples of clinically suspected mycoplasma-infected patients. Positive samples were cultured in Hep-2 cells, with the classical commercial MP liquid culture medium serving as a control. For successful isolation of MP, the broth culture medium was used for subculture, then transferred to solid agar medium for isolation. The isolated strains were identified by nucleic acid and whole-genome sequencing.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among the 20 throat swab samples collected from individuals with influenza-like illness, 10 MP-positive samples were detected by qPCR. Five strains of <em>Mycoplasma</em> were successfully cultured in Hep-2 cells within 7–10 days, while one strain was cultured in commercial MP broth after 21 days, with isolation rates of 50% and 10%, respectively. After repeated subculturing in liquid medium and inoculation onto solid medium, “fried-egg”-like colonies emerged. The isolated strains were identified by nucleic acid and whole-genome sequencing.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The use of cell culture enables the rapid and effective isolation and culture of MP, addressing the long-standing challenge of MP cultivation. This advancement may contribute to improved antibiotic development, vaccine research, and the maintenance of global public health security.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100667,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Medicine","volume":"4 2","pages":"Article 100178"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143887033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Oropouche virus (OROV) is a new zoonotic arbovirus that mostly affects Brazil and nearby countries. Since its discovery in 1955, it has caused more than 500,000 infections, with symptoms ranging from fever and headache to serious neuroinvasive disorders such as meningitis and encephalitis. The virus spreads through urban and sylvatic cycles via vectors such as Culicoides midges and Culex mosquitos, with humans and some vertebrates serving as amplifying hosts. The manuscript aims to analyze the transmission dynamics, clinical manifestations, diagnostic approaches, and potential preventive strategies for OROV. OROV is becoming an increasing health concern due to its global expansion and potential for serious consequences. Its growing threat, especially in light of the possibility of congenital abnormalities, is highlighted by the first recorded deaths in 2024 and the verification of vertical transmission. Clinical symptoms overlap greatly with other arboviruses, limiting early diagnosis; nonetheless, molecular approaches such as RT-PCR are crucial for identification. The current therapy is restricted to symptom control, highlighting the critical need for effective vaccinations. Live attenuated vaccination candidates and innovative techniques based on reverse genetics systems are both promising discoveries. However, the genetic variety of OROV strains poses obstacles to obtaining broad protection. To combat OROV, improved surveillance, strong public health initiatives, and quick vaccine development are needed. Public education and sustainable vector control are also essential for controlling outbreaks and lessening the virus effects.
{"title":"Mysterious Oropouche virus: Transmission, symptoms, and control","authors":"Sejal Porwal , Rishabha Malviya , Sathvik Belagodu Sridhar , Javedh Shareef , Tarun Wadhwa","doi":"10.1016/j.imj.2025.100177","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.imj.2025.100177","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Oropouche virus (OROV) is a new zoonotic arbovirus that mostly affects Brazil and nearby countries. Since its discovery in 1955, it has caused more than 500,000 infections, with symptoms ranging from fever and headache to serious neuroinvasive disorders such as meningitis and encephalitis. The virus spreads through urban and sylvatic cycles via vectors such as <em>Culicoides</em> midges and <em>Culex</em> mosquitos, with humans and some vertebrates serving as amplifying hosts. The manuscript aims to analyze the transmission dynamics, clinical manifestations, diagnostic approaches, and potential preventive strategies for OROV. OROV is becoming an increasing health concern due to its global expansion and potential for serious consequences. Its growing threat, especially in light of the possibility of congenital abnormalities, is highlighted by the first recorded deaths in 2024 and the verification of vertical transmission. Clinical symptoms overlap greatly with other arboviruses, limiting early diagnosis; nonetheless, molecular approaches such as RT-PCR are crucial for identification. The current therapy is restricted to symptom control, highlighting the critical need for effective vaccinations. Live attenuated vaccination candidates and innovative techniques based on reverse genetics systems are both promising discoveries. However, the genetic variety of OROV strains poses obstacles to obtaining broad protection. To combat OROV, improved surveillance, strong public health initiatives, and quick vaccine development are needed. Public education and sustainable vector control are also essential for controlling outbreaks and lessening the virus effects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100667,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Medicine","volume":"4 2","pages":"Article 100177"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143815341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-01DOI: 10.1016/j.imj.2025.100168
Omor Faruk , Zilhas Ahmed Jewel , Sanjoy Bairagi , Mohammad Rasheduzzaman , Hindol Bagchi , Akber Subahan Mahbub Tuha , Imran Hossain , Ayon Bala , Sarafat Ali
Phages, including the viruses that lyse bacterial pathogens, offer unique therapeutic advantages, including their capacity to lyse antibiotic-resistant bacteria and disrupt biofilms without harming the host microbiota. The lack of new effective antibiotics and the growing limitations of existing antibiotics have refocused attention on phage therapy as an option in complex clinical cases such as burn wounds, cystic fibrosis, and pneumonia. This review describes clinical cases and preclinical studies in which phage therapy has been effective in both human and veterinary medicine, and in an agricultural context. In addition, critical challenges, such as the narrow host range of bacteriophages, the possibility of bacterial resistance, and regulatory constraints on the widespread use of phage therapy, are addressed. Future directions include optimizing phage therapy through strategies ranging from phage cocktails to broadening phage host range through genetic modification, and using phages as vaccines or biocontrol agents. In the future, if phage can be efficiently delivered, maintained in a stable state, and phage–antibiotic synergy can be achieved, phage therapy will offer much needed treatment options. However, the successful implementation of phage therapy within the current standards of practice will also require the considerable development of regulatory infrastructure and greater public acceptance. In closing, this review highlights the promise of phage therapy as a critical backup or substitute for antibiotics. It proposes a new role as a significant adjunct to, or even replacement for, antibiotics in treating multidrug-resistant bacterial infections.
{"title":"Phage treatment of multidrug-resistant bacterial infections in humans, animals, and plants: The current status and future prospects","authors":"Omor Faruk , Zilhas Ahmed Jewel , Sanjoy Bairagi , Mohammad Rasheduzzaman , Hindol Bagchi , Akber Subahan Mahbub Tuha , Imran Hossain , Ayon Bala , Sarafat Ali","doi":"10.1016/j.imj.2025.100168","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.imj.2025.100168","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Phages, including the viruses that lyse bacterial pathogens, offer unique therapeutic advantages, including their capacity to lyse antibiotic-resistant bacteria and disrupt biofilms without harming the host microbiota. The lack of new effective antibiotics and the growing limitations of existing antibiotics have refocused attention on phage therapy as an option in complex clinical cases such as burn wounds, cystic fibrosis, and pneumonia. This review describes clinical cases and preclinical studies in which phage therapy has been effective in both human and veterinary medicine, and in an agricultural context. In addition, critical challenges, such as the narrow host range of bacteriophages, the possibility of bacterial resistance, and regulatory constraints on the widespread use of phage therapy, are addressed. Future directions include optimizing phage therapy through strategies ranging from phage cocktails to broadening phage host range through genetic modification, and using phages as vaccines or biocontrol agents. In the future, if phage can be efficiently delivered, maintained in a stable state, and phage–antibiotic synergy can be achieved, phage therapy will offer much needed treatment options. However, the successful implementation of phage therapy within the current standards of practice will also require the considerable development of regulatory infrastructure and greater public acceptance. In closing, this review highlights the promise of phage therapy as a critical backup or substitute for antibiotics. It proposes a new role as a significant adjunct to, or even replacement for, antibiotics in treating multidrug-resistant bacterial infections.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100667,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Medicine","volume":"4 1","pages":"Article 100168"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143511385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-01DOI: 10.1016/j.imj.2025.100170
Guandu Wu , Xiaofan Zhou , Fang Guo , Jiao Xu , Jingjing Song , Zhen Jin , Huijie Cao , Ju Tang , Huiya Lu , Zezheng Jiang , Tianmei Yu , Xiaoyong Zhang , Xiaohui Liu , Xue-jie Yu
Background
Babesiosis is a zoonotic disease caused by the intraerythrocytic parasite Babesia, which poses a serious threat to public health. Currently, the prevalence of babesiosis in domestic animals and the genetic diversity of Babesia in Central China have not been comprehensively studied.
Methods
In this study, we collected 1093 ticks, including 95.24% (1041/1093) Haemaphysalis longicornis, 4.67% (51/1093) Rhipicephalus microplus, and 0.09% (1/1093) Ixodes sinensis. Blood samples from 216 goats, 56 cattle, and 25 dogs were collected from Suizhou City, Hubei Province, China, and animal blood DNA was extracted for the detection of Babesia with PCR.
Results
PCR results showed that 50.00% (28/56) of cattle and 32.00% (8/25) of dogs were Babesia-positive, including for Babesia bovis 3.57% (2/56), B. bigemina 3.57% (2/56), and B. ovata 42.86% (24/56) in cattle and B. gibsoni 32.00% (8/25) in dogs. All goats (216) and ticks (1093) were Babesia-negative.
Conclusions
Our findings showed that Babesia infections are prevalent in cattle and dogs in Central China, indicating that babesiosis should be monitored in animals and humans in Central China.
{"title":"Babesia infection in cattle and dogs in Suizhou City, Hubei Province, China","authors":"Guandu Wu , Xiaofan Zhou , Fang Guo , Jiao Xu , Jingjing Song , Zhen Jin , Huijie Cao , Ju Tang , Huiya Lu , Zezheng Jiang , Tianmei Yu , Xiaoyong Zhang , Xiaohui Liu , Xue-jie Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.imj.2025.100170","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.imj.2025.100170","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Babesiosis is a zoonotic disease caused by the intraerythrocytic parasite <em>Babesia</em>, which poses a serious threat to public health. Currently, the prevalence of babesiosis in domestic animals and the genetic diversity of <em>Babesia</em> in Central China have not been comprehensively studied.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this study, we collected 1093 ticks, including 95.24% (1041/1093) <em>Haemaphysalis longicornis</em>, 4.67% (51/1093) <em>Rhipicephalus microplus,</em> and 0.09% (1/1093) <em>Ixodes sinensis</em>. Blood samples from 216 goats, 56 cattle, and 25 dogs were collected from Suizhou City, Hubei Province, China, and animal blood DNA was extracted for the detection of <em>Babesia</em> with PCR.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>PCR results showed that 50.00% (28/56) of cattle and 32.00% (8/25) of dogs were <em>Babesia</em>-positive, including for <em>Babesia bovis</em> 3.57% (2/56), <em>B. bigemina</em> 3.57% (2/56), and <em>B. ovata</em> 42.86% (24/56) in cattle and <em>B. gibsoni</em> 32.00% (8/25) in dogs. All goats (216) and ticks (1093) were <em>Babesia</em>-negative.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our findings showed that <em>Babesia</em> infections are prevalent in cattle and dogs in Central China, indicating that babesiosis should be monitored in animals and humans in Central China.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100667,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Medicine","volume":"4 1","pages":"Article 100170"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143577649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-01DOI: 10.1016/j.imj.2025.100169
Xinting Yang , Chaohong Wang , Yu Xue , Yun Zhang , Maike Zheng , Qing Sun , Sibo Long , Da Wang , Jun Yan , Xinlei Liao , Tiantian Zhang , Lei Cao , Yan Chen , Wenfu Ju , Jing Zhang , Mengqiu Gao , Yan Zhao , Laurence Don Wai Luu , Junhua Pan , Yi Wang , Guirong Wang
Background
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and tuberculosis (TB) co-infection (COVID-19-TB) has the potential to exacerbate lung damage; however, information about the clinical features of COVID-19-TB is limited. This study aims to clarify the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with COVID-19-TB.
Methods
In this single-center retrospective study, the clinical features and outcomes of patients with COVID-19 with active TB who were admitted to Beijing Chest Hospital, Beijing, China, from 1 December 2022 to 18 January 2023 were collected. The severity of COVID-19 and TB was graded according to guidelines from the World Health Organization. The relationships of demographic and clinical variables with intensive care unit (ICU) admission were evaluated using univariable and multivariable logistic regression models.
Results
Overall, 102 patients with COVID-19-TB were enrolled. The mean age was 54.5 years (range 36.5–70 years). The most common clinical manifestations were cough (68.63%), sputum production (53.92%), fever (51.96%), and ground-glass opacities (35.29%). Complications included acute respiratory distress syndrome (11.76%), sepsis (9.8%), and respiratory failure (7.84%). Patients with COVID-19-TB had high concentrations of various proinflammatory cytokines, including interferon-γ, interleukin-1β, interferon-γ-inducible protein 10 kD, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1. Sixteen of the 102 patients with COVID-19-TB (15.69%) were admitted to the ICU, and 10 (9.80%) died during hospitalization. The significant risk factors for ICU admission were respiratory failure, pulmonary fungal infection, and ventilation and oxygen therapy.
Conclusions
The mortality rate of COVID-19-TB was 9.80%. Several demographic and clinical characteristics were associated with adverse outcomes, indicating the importance of early recognition and treatment.
{"title":"Clinical outcomes of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 and active tuberculosis co-infection in Beijing China: A retrospective single-center descriptive study","authors":"Xinting Yang , Chaohong Wang , Yu Xue , Yun Zhang , Maike Zheng , Qing Sun , Sibo Long , Da Wang , Jun Yan , Xinlei Liao , Tiantian Zhang , Lei Cao , Yan Chen , Wenfu Ju , Jing Zhang , Mengqiu Gao , Yan Zhao , Laurence Don Wai Luu , Junhua Pan , Yi Wang , Guirong Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.imj.2025.100169","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.imj.2025.100169","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and tuberculosis (TB) co-infection (COVID-19-TB) has the potential to exacerbate lung damage; however, information about the clinical features of COVID-19-TB is limited. This study aims to clarify the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with COVID-19-TB.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this single-center retrospective study, the clinical features and outcomes of patients with COVID-19 with active TB who were admitted to Beijing Chest Hospital, Beijing, China, from 1 December 2022 to 18 January 2023 were collected. The severity of COVID-19 and TB was graded according to guidelines from the World Health Organization. The relationships of demographic and clinical variables with intensive care unit (ICU) admission were evaluated using univariable and multivariable logistic regression models.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Overall, 102 patients with COVID-19-TB were enrolled. The mean age was 54.5 years (range 36.5–70 years). The most common clinical manifestations were cough (68.63%), sputum production (53.92%), fever (51.96%), and ground-glass opacities (35.29%). Complications included acute respiratory distress syndrome (11.76%), sepsis (9.8%), and respiratory failure (7.84%). Patients with COVID-19-TB had high concentrations of various proinflammatory cytokines, including interferon-γ, interleukin-1β, interferon-γ-inducible protein 10 kD, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1. Sixteen of the 102 patients with COVID-19-TB (15.69%) were admitted to the ICU, and 10 (9.80%) died during hospitalization. The significant risk factors for ICU admission were respiratory failure, pulmonary fungal infection, and ventilation and oxygen therapy.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The mortality rate of COVID-19-TB was 9.80%. Several demographic and clinical characteristics were associated with adverse outcomes, indicating the importance of early recognition and treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100667,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Medicine","volume":"4 1","pages":"Article 100169"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143577751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Eastern equine encephalitis virus (EEEV) is a lethal Alphavirus transmitted by Culiseta melanura mosquitoes that primarily cycles between birds. Although rare, infections in humans and horses are associated with high mortality rates and severe neurological effects. Climate change appears to be increasing the spread of this virus. This study aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of EEEV, including its transmission dynamics, pathogenesis, induced host immune response, and long-term impacts on survivors. It also highlights the virus's unique immune evasion strategies that complicate disease management and contribute to severe clinical outcomes, such as encephalitis with fever, convulsions, and coma. Survivors often face chronic cognitive, motor, and psychosocial impairments. Despite these significant public health risks, gaps remain in understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying immune evasion and the long-term neurological sequelae in survivors. By collating current knowledge, this review underscores the urgent need for the development of targeted vaccines and therapeutic interventions to mitigate the growing threat of EEEV, particularly in the context of climate change-driven geographical expansion.
{"title":"Eastern equine encephalitis virus: Pathogenesis, immune response, and clinical manifestations","authors":"Bhumika Parashar , Rishabha Malviya , Sathvik Belagodu Sridhar , Tarun Wadhwa , Sirajunisa Talath , Javedh Shareef","doi":"10.1016/j.imj.2025.100167","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.imj.2025.100167","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Eastern equine encephalitis virus (EEEV) is a lethal <em>Alphavirus</em> transmitted by <em>Culiseta melanura</em> mosquitoes that primarily cycles between birds. Although rare, infections in humans and horses are associated with high mortality rates and severe neurological effects. Climate change appears to be increasing the spread of this virus. This study aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of EEEV, including its transmission dynamics, pathogenesis, induced host immune response, and long-term impacts on survivors. It also highlights the virus's unique immune evasion strategies that complicate disease management and contribute to severe clinical outcomes, such as encephalitis with fever, convulsions, and coma. Survivors often face chronic cognitive, motor, and psychosocial impairments. Despite these significant public health risks, gaps remain in understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying immune evasion and the long-term neurological sequelae in survivors. By collating current knowledge, this review underscores the urgent need for the development of targeted vaccines and therapeutic interventions to mitigate the growing threat of EEEV, particularly in the context of climate change-driven geographical expansion.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100667,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Medicine","volume":"4 1","pages":"Article 100167"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143377318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-16DOI: 10.1016/j.imj.2024.100152
Yixin Liu , Xugang Wang , Qi Li , Shuo Zhu , Wenjing Zhu , Huanchun Chen , Youhui Si , Bibo Zhu , Shengbo Cao , Zikai Zhao , Jing Ye
{"title":"Corrigendum to “Screening a neurotransmitter-receptor-related inhibitor library identifies clomipramine HCl as a potential antiviral compound against Japanese encephalitis virus” [Infectious Medicine 3 (2024) 100130]","authors":"Yixin Liu , Xugang Wang , Qi Li , Shuo Zhu , Wenjing Zhu , Huanchun Chen , Youhui Si , Bibo Zhu , Shengbo Cao , Zikai Zhao , Jing Ye","doi":"10.1016/j.imj.2024.100152","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.imj.2024.100152","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100667,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Medicine","volume":"4 1","pages":"Article 100152"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11787004/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143124312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the context of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), metabolic research has become crucial for in-depth exploration of viral infection mechanisms and in searching for therapeutic strategies. This paper summarizes the interrelationships between carbohydrate, lipid, and amino acid metabolism and COVID-19 infection, discussing their roles in infection progression. SARS-CoV-2 infection leads to insulin resistance and increased glycolysis, reducing glucose utilization and shifting metabolism to use fat as an energy source. Fat is crucial for viral replication, and imbalances in amino acid metabolism may interfere with immune regulation. Consequently, metabolic changes such as hyperglycemia, hypolipidemia, and deficiency of certain amino acids following SARS-CoV-2 infection can contribute to progression toward severe conditions. These metabolic pathways not only have potential value in prediction and diagnosis but also provide new perspectives for the development of therapeutic strategies. By monitoring metabolic changes, infection severity can be predicted early, and modulating these metabolic pathways may help reduce inflammatory responses, improve immune responses, and reduce the risk of thrombosis. Research on the relationship between metabolism and SARS-CoV-2 infection provides an important scientific basis for addressing the global challenge posed by COVID-19, however, further studies are needed to validate these findings and provide more effective strategies for disease control.
{"title":"Recent advances in nutritional metabolism studies on SARS-CoV-2 infection","authors":"Yufen Jiang , Linle Xu , Xuexing Zheng , Hongbo Shi","doi":"10.1016/j.imj.2025.100162","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.imj.2025.100162","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the context of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), metabolic research has become crucial for in-depth exploration of viral infection mechanisms and in searching for therapeutic strategies. This paper summarizes the interrelationships between carbohydrate, lipid, and amino acid metabolism and COVID-19 infection, discussing their roles in infection progression. SARS-CoV-2 infection leads to insulin resistance and increased glycolysis, reducing glucose utilization and shifting metabolism to use fat as an energy source. Fat is crucial for viral replication, and imbalances in amino acid metabolism may interfere with immune regulation. Consequently, metabolic changes such as hyperglycemia, hypolipidemia, and deficiency of certain amino acids following SARS-CoV-2 infection can contribute to progression toward severe conditions. These metabolic pathways not only have potential value in prediction and diagnosis but also provide new perspectives for the development of therapeutic strategies. By monitoring metabolic changes, infection severity can be predicted early, and modulating these metabolic pathways may help reduce inflammatory responses, improve immune responses, and reduce the risk of thrombosis. Research on the relationship between metabolism and SARS-CoV-2 infection provides an important scientific basis for addressing the global challenge posed by COVID-19, however, further studies are needed to validate these findings and provide more effective strategies for disease control.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100667,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Medicine","volume":"4 1","pages":"Article 100162"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143137707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mpox, formerly known as monkeypox, is a zoonotic virus of the Orthopoxvirus genus, with recent outbreaks of Clade I and Ib in Central Africa presenting a considerable global health threat. This study reviews current Mpox immunization approaches, focusing on the MVA-BN, LC16-KMB, and OrthopoxVac vaccines. MVA-BN vaccination has been successful in lowering infection risks, particularly in high-risk individuals and is widely used in the USA. LC16-KMB is recommended by the World Health Organization for prevention in afflicted regions. OrthopoxVac, a newer vaccination authorized in Russia, provides wide protection. Adapting vaccination approaches based on epidemiology in particular areas is critical for minimizing Mpox outbreaks.
{"title":"Personalized immunization against Mpox Clades I and Ib: Strategies to combat the emerging epidemic","authors":"Deepak Kumar , Rishabha Malviya , Shriyansh Srivastava , Sathvik Belagodu Sridhar , Sirajunisa Talath , Javedh Shareef , Bhupendra G. Prajapati","doi":"10.1016/j.imj.2025.100166","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.imj.2025.100166","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mpox, formerly known as monkeypox, is a zoonotic virus of the <em>Orthopoxvirus</em> genus, with recent outbreaks of Clade I and Ib in Central Africa presenting a considerable global health threat. This study reviews current Mpox immunization approaches, focusing on the MVA-BN, LC16-KMB, and OrthopoxVac vaccines. MVA-BN vaccination has been successful in lowering infection risks, particularly in high-risk individuals and is widely used in the USA. LC16-KMB is recommended by the World Health Organization for prevention in afflicted regions. OrthopoxVac, a newer vaccination authorized in Russia, provides wide protection. Adapting vaccination approaches based on epidemiology in particular areas is critical for minimizing Mpox outbreaks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100667,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Medicine","volume":"4 1","pages":"Article 100166"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143446015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-13DOI: 10.1016/j.imj.2025.100165
Zhaozhong Zhu , Qin Sun , Yunhai Xu , Youya Niu , Fei Yang , Shuidong Feng
Background
The ongoing threat of the monkeypox virus (MPXV) underscores the need for new antiviral treatments, yet drug targets and candidate therapies are limited.
Methods
Calculating the centrality, conservation, and immunogenicity of MPXV proteins in the network to identify viral drug targets. Constructing the MIP-human protein interaction network and identifying key human proteins as potential drug targets through network topology analysis.
Results
We constructed a comprehensive protein–protein interaction (PPI) network between MPXV and humans, using data from the P-HIPSTer database. This network included 113 viral proteins and 2 607 MPXV-interacting human proteins (MIPs). We identified three MPXV proteins (OPG054, OPG084, and OPG190) as key targets for antiviral drugs, as well as 95 critical MIPs (most interacting MIPs, MMIPs) within the MPXV–human PPI network. Further analysis revealed 31 MMIPs as potential targets for broad-spectrum antiviral agents, supported by their involvement in other viral interactions. Functional enrichment of MIPs indicated their roles in infection and immune-related pathways.
Conclusions
In total, we identified 112 drugs targeting MPXV proteins and 371 drugs targeting MMIPs, with fostamatinib, trilostane, and raloxifene being able to inhibit both viral and host proteins. This work provides critical insights into MPXV–human interactions and supports the development of targeted antiviral therapies.
{"title":"Novel drug targets for monkeypox: From viral to host proteins","authors":"Zhaozhong Zhu , Qin Sun , Yunhai Xu , Youya Niu , Fei Yang , Shuidong Feng","doi":"10.1016/j.imj.2025.100165","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.imj.2025.100165","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The ongoing threat of the monkeypox virus (MPXV) underscores the need for new antiviral treatments, yet drug targets and candidate therapies are limited.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Calculating the centrality, conservation, and immunogenicity of MPXV proteins in the network to identify viral drug targets. Constructing the MIP-human protein interaction network and identifying key human proteins as potential drug targets through network topology analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We constructed a comprehensive protein–protein interaction (PPI) network between MPXV and humans, using data from the P-HIPSTer database. This network included 113 viral proteins and 2 607 MPXV-interacting human proteins (MIPs). We identified three MPXV proteins (OPG054, OPG084, and OPG190) as key targets for antiviral drugs, as well as 95 critical MIPs (most interacting MIPs, MMIPs) within the MPXV–human PPI network. Further analysis revealed 31 MMIPs as potential targets for broad-spectrum antiviral agents, supported by their involvement in other viral interactions. Functional enrichment of MIPs indicated their roles in infection and immune-related pathways.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>In total, we identified 112 drugs targeting MPXV proteins and 371 drugs targeting MMIPs, with fostamatinib, trilostane, and raloxifene being able to inhibit both viral and host proteins. This work provides critical insights into MPXV–human interactions and supports the development of targeted antiviral therapies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100667,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Medicine","volume":"4 1","pages":"Article 100165"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143377319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号