首页 > 最新文献

Infectious Medicine最新文献

英文 中文
Lack of correlation between surface water area and infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa and the non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTMs) in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) 囊性纤维化(CF)患者的地表水面积与铜绿假单胞菌和非结核分枝杆菌(NTMs)感染之间缺乏相关性
Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.imj.2024.100125
John E. Moore , Beverley C. Millar

Background

People with cystic fibrosis (CF) may develop clinically significant chronic respiratory infections with Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) and non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM). Open water has been suggested to be an important source for continuous or intermittent exposure to these pathogens. To date, there has been a paucity of studies examining the relationship between chronic PA and NTM infection in CF patients and surfaces waters, including blue spaces. The aim of this study was therefore to examine the relationship between chronic pulmonary infection with PA and NTMs in children and adults with CF in European countries and area of surface waters, including blue spaces.

Methods

European CF registry data detailing incidence of chronic PA and NTM infection in adults and children with CF in Europe (n=41,486 in 24 European countries) was correlated with surface water area data from the same countries (approx. 678,278 km2) employing Spearman coefficients.

Results

Correlation of chronic PA infection in children and adults and surface water area were not significant (p=0.0680 and p=0.8448, respectively), as was NTM infection (p=0.7371 and p=0.0712, respectively).

Conclusions

Acquistion of PA and its avoidance in people with CF is a complicated dynamic, not solely driven by close association with surface water, but through the integration of several other factors, including mitigations by people with CF to avoid high risk scenarios with surface water. This study was unable to demonstrate a correlation between PA and NTM infection in people with cystic fibrosis and surface water area at a national level. CF patients should continue to be vigilant about potential infection risks posed by water and take evidence-based decisions regarding their behaviour around water to protect them for acquiring these organisms from these sources.

背景囊性纤维化(CF)患者可能会因铜绿假单胞菌(PA)和非结核分枝杆菌(NTM)而发生临床上严重的慢性呼吸道感染。有人认为,开放水域是持续或间歇接触这些病原体的重要来源。迄今为止,有关 CF 患者慢性 PA 和 NTM 感染与水面(包括蓝色空间)之间关系的研究还很少。因此,本研究旨在探讨欧洲各国儿童和成人 CF 患者肺部慢性 PA 和非淋菌性结核感染与地表水(包括蓝色空间)面积之间的关系。方法采用斯皮尔曼系数将欧洲 CF 登记数据与来自同一国家的地表水面积数据(约 678,278 平方公里)相关联,这些数据详细记录了欧洲成人和儿童 CF 患者慢性 PA 和非淋菌性结核感染的发病率(24 个欧洲国家,n=41,486 人)。结果儿童和成人的慢性 PA 感染与地表水面积的相关性不显著(分别为 p=0.0680 和 p=0.8448),NTM 感染与地表水面积的相关性也不显著(分别为 p=0.7371 和 p=0.0712)。本研究无法在全国范围内证明囊性纤维化患者的 PA 和 NTM 感染与地表水面积之间的相关性。CF患者应继续警惕地表水带来的潜在感染风险,并就其在地表水周围的行为做出基于证据的决定,以防止从地表水中感染这些微生物。
{"title":"Lack of correlation between surface water area and infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa and the non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTMs) in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF)","authors":"John E. Moore ,&nbsp;Beverley C. Millar","doi":"10.1016/j.imj.2024.100125","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.imj.2024.100125","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>People with cystic fibrosis (CF) may develop clinically significant chronic respiratory infections with <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> (PA) and non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM). Open water has been suggested to be an important source for continuous or intermittent exposure to these pathogens. To date, there has been a paucity of studies examining the relationship between chronic PA and NTM infection in CF patients and surfaces waters, including blue spaces. The aim of this study was therefore to examine the relationship between chronic pulmonary infection with PA and NTMs in children and adults with CF in European countries and area of surface waters, including blue spaces.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>European CF registry data detailing incidence of chronic PA and NTM infection in adults and children with CF in Europe (<em>n=</em>41,486 in 24 European countries) was correlated with surface water area data from the same countries (approx. 678,278 km<sup>2</sup>) employing Spearman coefficients.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Correlation of chronic PA infection in children and adults and surface water area were not significant (<em>p=</em>0.0680 and <em>p=</em>0.8448, respectively), as was NTM infection (<em>p=</em>0.7371 and <em>p=</em>0.0712, respectively).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Acquistion of PA and its avoidance in people with CF is a complicated dynamic, not solely driven by close association with surface water, but through the integration of several other factors, including mitigations by people with CF to avoid high risk scenarios with surface water. This study was unable to demonstrate a correlation between PA and NTM infection in people with cystic fibrosis and surface water area at a national level. CF patients should continue to be vigilant about potential infection risks posed by water and take evidence-based decisions regarding their behaviour around water to protect them for acquiring these organisms from these sources.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100667,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Medicine","volume":"3 3","pages":"Article 100125"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772431X2400039X/pdfft?md5=71968735bfcb1bc76cb115224864246f&pid=1-s2.0-S2772431X2400039X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142229843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Global research landscape of health care-associated infections among immunocompromised people before and after the start of the COVID-19 pandemic COVID-19 大流行开始前后免疫力低下人群中与医疗保健相关的感染的全球研究概况
Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.imj.2024.100127
Chidozie Declan Iwu

Health care-associated infections (HCAIs) pose a substantial threat to immunocompromised individuals and represent a frequent adverse event in health care delivery. The aim of this study was to evaluate the global research landscape of HCAIs among immunocompromised populations before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. A systematic search of articles published between 2013 and 2022 in the Web of Science Core Collection database was conducted, and content analytics and integrated science mapping were used for data analysis and interpretation. The review identified 1,473 articles. Only 633 articles authored by 4,151 individuals and published in 366 journals were included. The average citation rate was 14.27 per document, and research production grew annually by 9.07% peaking in 2021 during the COVID-19 pandemic but declining in 2022. The United States emerged as the most productive country, with 743 publication appearances and 2,485 citations. Keywords such as “epidemiology,” “infection,” “mortality,” and “risk factors” were frequently encountered in the analyzed literature. The main research themes, including “mortality,” “sepsis,” “immunosuppression,” “expression,” and “pneumonia,” underscored the focal points of importance within this domain. This study highlighted the growing interest regarding HCAIs in immunocompromised populations, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study findings underscore the need to advance research efforts to understand different immunocompromised states, develop tailored infection prevention measures, and address health care disparities to mitigate the burden of HCAIs among immunocompromised individuals.

医疗相关感染(HCAIs)对免疫力低下的人群构成了巨大的威胁,也是医疗服务中经常发生的不良事件。本研究旨在评估 COVID-19 大流行之前和期间免疫力低下人群中 HCAIs 的全球研究状况。研究人员对科学网核心数据库中 2013 年至 2022 年间发表的文章进行了系统检索,并利用内容分析和综合科学图谱进行了数据分析和解释。审查共发现 1,473 篇文章。其中只收录了由 4151 人撰写、发表在 366 种期刊上的 633 篇文章。每篇论文的平均引用率为 14.27,研究成果每年增长 9.07%,在 2021 年 COVID-19 大流行期间达到顶峰,但在 2022 年有所下降。美国是研究成果最多的国家,共发表论文 743 篇,被引用 2,485 次。在分析的文献中,"流行病学"、"感染"、"死亡率 "和 "风险因素 "等关键词经常出现。包括 "死亡率"、"败血症"、"免疫抑制"、"表达 "和 "肺炎 "在内的主要研究主题突出了这一领域的重要焦点。这项研究强调了人们对免疫力低下人群中 HCAIs 的日益关注,尤其是在 COVID-19 大流行期间。研究结果强调,有必要推进研究工作,以了解不同的免疫力低下状态,制定有针对性的感染预防措施,并解决医疗保健方面的差异,从而减轻免疫力低下人群中 HCAIs 的负担。
{"title":"Global research landscape of health care-associated infections among immunocompromised people before and after the start of the COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"Chidozie Declan Iwu","doi":"10.1016/j.imj.2024.100127","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.imj.2024.100127","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Health care-associated infections (HCAIs) pose a substantial threat to immunocompromised individuals and represent a frequent adverse event in health care delivery. The aim of this study was to evaluate the global research landscape of HCAIs among immunocompromised populations before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. A systematic search of articles published between 2013 and 2022 in the Web of Science Core Collection database was conducted, and content analytics and integrated science mapping were used for data analysis and interpretation. The review identified 1,473 articles. Only 633 articles authored by 4,151 individuals and published in 366 journals were included. The average citation rate was 14.27 per document, and research production grew annually by 9.07% peaking in 2021 during the COVID-19 pandemic but declining in 2022. The United States emerged as the most productive country, with 743 publication appearances and 2,485 citations. Keywords such as “epidemiology,” “infection,” “mortality,” and “risk factors” were frequently encountered in the analyzed literature. The main research themes, including “mortality,” “sepsis,” “immunosuppression,” “expression,” and “pneumonia,” underscored the focal points of importance within this domain. This study highlighted the growing interest regarding HCAIs in immunocompromised populations, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study findings underscore the need to advance research efforts to understand different immunocompromised states, develop tailored infection prevention measures, and address health care disparities to mitigate the burden of HCAIs among immunocompromised individuals.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100667,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Medicine","volume":"3 3","pages":"Article 100127"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772431X24000418/pdfft?md5=646381eb720ec7b38a680cc062964e8f&pid=1-s2.0-S2772431X24000418-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142232342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Evaluating the performance of the Alere PBP2a SA Culture Colony Test with the Vitek 2 Antimicrobial Susceptibility Test Card System as reference standard in coagulase-negative Staphylococcus species 以 Vitek 2 抗菌药敏感性测试卡系统为参照标准,评估 Alere PBP2a SA 培养菌落测试仪在凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌中的性能
Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.imj.2024.100126
Tze Shien Lo , Michihiko Goto , Kimberly D.P. Hammer

Background

The Alere PBP2a SA Culture Colony Test is an FDA-cleared in vitro immunochromatographic assay for rapid detection of penicillin-binding protein2a (PBP2a) in Staphylococcus aureus.

Methods

We investigated the performance of the PBP2a SA Culture Colony Test with 78 coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (CoNS) isolates from different body sites, with the Vitek 2 Antimicrobial Susceptibility Test (AST) as a reference standard.

Results

The CoNS species were 62 S. epidermidis; 6 S. lugdenensis; 3 S. hominis; 2 S. capitis; 2 S. haemolyticus; and 1 each of S. simulans, S. auricularis, and S. warneri. Of the 78 CoNS isolates, 68 showed concordance in the PBP2a IC assay and Vitek 2 AST. Discordance was seen for 10 S. epidermidis isolates, which showed negative in the PBP2a assay, despite oxacillin-resistance detection using the Vitek 2 AST (66.7% sensitivity and 100% specificity). All non-S. epidermidis CoNS were identified with 100% concordance using the PBP2a IC assay and Vitek 2 AST.

Conclusion

We demonstrated that, while the PBP2a IC assay has low sensitivity in determining the susceptibility of S. epidermidis to oxacillin, it highly accurately predicted the susceptibility of non-S. epidermidis CoNS to oxacillin. The diagnostic accuracy for non-S. epidermidis CoNS needs further assessment with more isolates to confirm our findings.

背景Alere PBP2a SA 菌落培养检测试剂盒是经 FDA 批准的体外免疫层析检测试剂盒,用于快速检测金黄色葡萄球菌中的青霉素结合蛋白 2a (PBP2a)。方法 我们以 Vitek 2 抗菌药敏感性试验(AST)为参照标准,用 78 个来自不同身体部位的凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌(CoNS)分离物研究了 PBP2a SA 菌落培养试验的性能。结果分离到的 CoNS 菌种有 62 个表皮葡萄球菌、6 个卢格登葡萄球菌、3 个人形葡萄球菌、2 个头皮葡萄球菌、2 个溶血性葡萄球菌,以及 Simulans 葡萄球菌、耳廓葡萄球菌和 Warneri 葡萄球菌各 1 个。在 78 个 CoNS 分离物中,68 个在 PBP2a IC 检测和 Vitek 2 AST 检测中表现出一致性。有 10 个表皮葡萄球菌分离物在 PBP2a 检测中呈阴性,尽管使用 Vitek 2 AST 检测出了对奥沙西林的耐药性(灵敏度为 66.7%,特异性为 100%),但仍出现了不一致。结论我们证明,虽然 PBP2a IC 检测法在确定表皮葡萄球菌对奥沙西林的敏感性方面灵敏度较低,但它能高度准确地预测非表皮葡萄球菌 CoNS 对奥沙西林的敏感性。对非表皮葡萄球菌 CoNS 的诊断准确性需要用更多的分离物来进一步评估,以证实我们的研究结果。
{"title":"Evaluating the performance of the Alere PBP2a SA Culture Colony Test with the Vitek 2 Antimicrobial Susceptibility Test Card System as reference standard in coagulase-negative Staphylococcus species","authors":"Tze Shien Lo ,&nbsp;Michihiko Goto ,&nbsp;Kimberly D.P. Hammer","doi":"10.1016/j.imj.2024.100126","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.imj.2024.100126","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The Alere PBP2a SA Culture Colony Test is an FDA-cleared <em>in vitro</em> immunochromatographic assay for rapid detection of penicillin-binding protein2a (PBP2a) in <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em>.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We investigated the performance of the PBP2a SA Culture Colony Test with 78 coagulase-negative <em>Staphylococcus</em> (CoNS) isolates from different body sites, with the Vitek 2 Antimicrobial Susceptibility Test (AST) as a reference standard.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The CoNS species were 62 <em>S. epidermidis</em>; 6 <em>S. lugdenensis</em>; 3 <em>S. hominis</em>; 2 <em>S. capitis</em>; 2 <em>S. haemolyticus</em>; and 1 each of <em>S. simulans, S. auricularis,</em> and <em>S. warneri</em>. Of the 78 CoNS isolates, 68 showed concordance in the PBP2a IC assay and Vitek 2 AST. Discordance was seen for 10 <em>S. epidermidis</em> isolates, which showed negative in the PBP2a assay, despite oxacillin-resistance detection using the Vitek 2 AST (66.7% sensitivity and 100% specificity). All non-<em>S. epidermidis</em> CoNS were identified with 100% concordance using the PBP2a IC assay and Vitek 2 AST.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>We demonstrated that, while the PBP2a IC assay has low sensitivity in determining the susceptibility of <em>S. epidermidis</em> to oxacillin, it highly accurately predicted the susceptibility of non-<em>S. epidermidis</em> CoNS to oxacillin. The diagnostic accuracy for non-<em>S. epidermidis</em> CoNS needs further assessment with more isolates to confirm our findings.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100667,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Medicine","volume":"3 3","pages":"Article 100126"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772431X24000406/pdfft?md5=5e42b688ea687e5e6b0098af695bcbc1&pid=1-s2.0-S2772431X24000406-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142151847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Screening a neurotransmitter-receptor-related inhibitor library identifies clomipramine HCl as a potential antiviral compound against Japanese encephalitis virus 筛选神经递质受体相关抑制剂文库,发现盐酸氯米帕明是一种潜在的抗日本脑炎病毒化合物
Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.imj.2024.100130
Yixin Liu , Xugang Wang , Qi Li , Shuo Zhu , Wenjing Zhu , Huanchun Chen , Youhui Si , Bibo Zhu , Shengbo Cao , Zikai Zhao , Jing Ye

Background

Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is a leading cause of viral encephalitis worldwide. JEV exhibits significant neuroinvasiveness and neurotoxicity, resulting in considerable damage to the nervous system. Japanese encephalitis is associated with high morbidity and mortality rate, seriously harming both human health and livestock production. The current lack of specific antiviral drugs means that the development of new therapeutic agents for JEV has become urgent.

Methods

Anti-JEV drugs were screened from 111 inhibitors of neurotransmitter receptor-related molecules by high content technology. The antiviral effects of clomipramine HCl were evaluated through plaque assay, real-time quantitative PCR, immunofluorescence assay and western blotting assay. Bioinformatic tools were utilized to cluster the altered signaling pathway members after clomipramine HCl treatment. Finally, the anti-JEV mechanism was deeply resolved in vivo via such molecular biology and virological detection techniques.

Results

In this study, we screened nine compounds with significant anti-JEV activity, of which clomipramine HCl demonstrated the most potent antiviral effect and exhibited dose-dependent activity. Mechanistically, clomipramine HCl may activate endoplasmic reticulum stress and modulate the unfolded protein response, thus inhibiting the assembly stage of JEV infection.

Conclusion

This study highlights the importance of clomipramine HCl as a promising approach for JEV infection protection, which may lead to new host-directed antiviral approaches to such mosquito-borne viruses.

背景日本脑炎病毒(JEV)是全球病毒性脑炎的主要病因。日本脑炎病毒具有明显的神经侵袭性和神经毒性,会对神经系统造成严重损害。日本脑炎的发病率和死亡率都很高,严重危害人类健康和畜牧业生产。目前,由于缺乏特异性抗病毒药物,开发新的 JEV 治疗药物已迫在眉睫。方法:采用高含量技术从 111 种神经递质受体相关分子抑制剂中筛选出抗 JEV 药物。通过斑块检测、实时定量 PCR、免疫荧光检测和 Western 印迹检测评估盐酸氯米帕明的抗病毒效果。利用生物信息学工具对盐酸氯米帕明治疗后改变的信号通路成员进行了聚类。结果 在这项研究中,我们筛选出了 9 个具有显著抗 JEV 活性的化合物,其中盐酸氯米帕明的抗病毒效果最强,并表现出剂量依赖性。从机理上讲,盐酸氯米帕明可能会激活内质网应激,调节未折叠蛋白反应,从而抑制 JEV 感染的组装阶段。
{"title":"Screening a neurotransmitter-receptor-related inhibitor library identifies clomipramine HCl as a potential antiviral compound against Japanese encephalitis virus","authors":"Yixin Liu ,&nbsp;Xugang Wang ,&nbsp;Qi Li ,&nbsp;Shuo Zhu ,&nbsp;Wenjing Zhu ,&nbsp;Huanchun Chen ,&nbsp;Youhui Si ,&nbsp;Bibo Zhu ,&nbsp;Shengbo Cao ,&nbsp;Zikai Zhao ,&nbsp;Jing Ye","doi":"10.1016/j.imj.2024.100130","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.imj.2024.100130","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is a leading cause of viral encephalitis worldwide. JEV exhibits significant neuroinvasiveness and neurotoxicity, resulting in considerable damage to the nervous system. Japanese encephalitis is associated with high morbidity and mortality rate, seriously harming both human health and livestock production. The current lack of specific antiviral drugs means that the development of new therapeutic agents for JEV has become urgent.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Anti-JEV drugs were screened from 111 inhibitors of neurotransmitter receptor-related molecules by high content technology. The antiviral effects of clomipramine HCl were evaluated through plaque assay, real-time quantitative PCR, immunofluorescence assay and western blotting assay. Bioinformatic tools were utilized to cluster the altered signaling pathway members after clomipramine HCl treatment. Finally, the anti-JEV mechanism was deeply resolved in <em>vivo</em> via such molecular biology and virological detection techniques.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>In this study, we screened nine compounds with significant anti-JEV activity, of which clomipramine HCl demonstrated the most potent antiviral effect and exhibited dose-dependent activity. Mechanistically, clomipramine HCl may activate endoplasmic reticulum stress and modulate the unfolded protein response, thus inhibiting the assembly stage of JEV infection.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This study highlights the importance of clomipramine HCl as a promising approach for JEV infection protection, which may lead to new host-directed antiviral approaches to such mosquito-borne viruses.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100667,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Medicine","volume":"3 3","pages":"Article 100130"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772431X24000443/pdfft?md5=aaef6a2889ea4983ae1d9f28bfc46d0d&pid=1-s2.0-S2772431X24000443-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142171850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Defining the bacterial microbiome of ticks in Chongwe and Chisamba Districts of Zambia 确定赞比亚 Chongwe 和 Chisamba 地区蜱虫的细菌微生物组
Pub Date : 2024-08-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.imj.2024.100131
Malala Mulavu , Cynthia Sipho Khumalo , Lavel Moonga , Kyoko Hayashida , Benjamin Mubemba , Katendi Changula , Edgar Simulundu , Walter Muleya , Simbarashe Chitanga

Background

The microbiome composition of an arthropod vector may impede the growth of some pathogens, aid colonisation by pathogens or affect vector behaviour in ways that impact the transmission of pathogens. In Zambia, little is known of the microbial communities hosted by ticks and how pathogens like Rickettsia play a role in the microbiome composition.

Objective

This study sought to determine the microbiome of Rickettsia-negative and Rickettsia-positive ticks in selected districts of Zambia.

Methods

This was a cross-sectional study carried out on 94 ticks collected from cattle in Chongwe and Chisamba districts. The overall prevalence of Rickettsia spp. was detected using PCR amplification of the ompB gene. Thereafter, both Rickettsia-negative and positive ticks underwent 16S rRNA gene amplification and Illumina high-throughput sequencing. Data was analysed using QIIME2 analysis pipeline.

Results

The prevalence of Rickettsia was found to be 47.9% (45/94) with prevalence in Amblyomma at 78.5% (22/28), Hyalomma at 68.9% (20/29) and Rhipicephalus having the lowest at 8.1% (3/37). Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Actinobacteriota and Euryachaeota were the most common phyla, while endosymbionts were uncommonly detected in the ticks. Further analysis showed significant differences in microbiome composition based on Rickettsia detection status (p=0.001) and location (p=0.001), based on the alpha diversity Shannon index, Bray Curtis beta diversity and PERMANOVA, whilst differences according to life stage, tick species and genus was only shown based on the Bray Curtis beta diversity and PERMANOVA analysis.

Conclusion

Ultimately, this study provides valuable insights into the structure of the tick microbiome in parts of Zambia and how it is affected by the presence of Rickettsia.
背景节肢动物载体的微生物组组成可能会阻碍某些病原体的生长、帮助病原体定植或以影响病原体传播的方式影响载体行为。在赞比亚,人们对蜱寄居的微生物群落以及立克次体等病原体如何在微生物组组成中发挥作用知之甚少。 Objective This study sought to determine the microbiome of Rickettsia negative and Rickettsia-positive ticks in selected districts of Zambia.Methods This was a cross-sectional study conducted on 94 ticks collected from cattle in Chongwe and Chisamba districts.这项研究是一项横断面研究,从Chongwe和Chisamba地区的牛身上采集了94只蜱。采用 PCR 扩增 ompB 基因的方法检测立克次体的总体流行率。随后,对立克次体阴性和阳性蜱进行了 16S rRNA 基因扩增和 Illumina 高通量测序。结果发现立克次体的感染率为 47.9%(45/94),其中 Amblyomma 感染率为 78.5%(22/28),Hyalomma 感染率为 68.9%(20/29),Rhipicephalus 感染率最低,为 8.1%(3/37)。蛋白细菌、固着菌、放线菌群和极鞭毛菌群是最常见的菌群,而内共生菌在蜱体内很少被检测到。进一步分析表明,根据α多样性香农指数、布雷-柯蒂斯β多样性和PERMANOVA分析,立克次体检测状态(p=0.001)和地点(p=0.001)在微生物组组成方面存在显著差异,而根据生命阶段、蜱种和属的差异仅在布雷-柯蒂斯β多样性和PERMANOVA分析中显示出来。
{"title":"Defining the bacterial microbiome of ticks in Chongwe and Chisamba Districts of Zambia","authors":"Malala Mulavu ,&nbsp;Cynthia Sipho Khumalo ,&nbsp;Lavel Moonga ,&nbsp;Kyoko Hayashida ,&nbsp;Benjamin Mubemba ,&nbsp;Katendi Changula ,&nbsp;Edgar Simulundu ,&nbsp;Walter Muleya ,&nbsp;Simbarashe Chitanga","doi":"10.1016/j.imj.2024.100131","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.imj.2024.100131","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The microbiome composition of an arthropod vector may impede the growth of some pathogens, aid colonisation by pathogens or affect vector behaviour in ways that impact the transmission of pathogens. In Zambia, little is known of the microbial communities hosted by ticks and how pathogens like <em>Rickettsia</em> play a role in the microbiome composition.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study sought to determine the microbiome of <em>Rickettsia</em>-negative and <em>Rickettsia</em>-positive ticks in selected districts of Zambia.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This was a cross-sectional study carried out on 94 ticks collected from cattle in Chongwe and Chisamba districts. The overall prevalence of <em>Rickettsia</em> spp. was detected using PCR amplification of the <em>ompB</em> gene. Thereafter, both <em>Rickettsia</em>-negative and positive ticks underwent <em>16S rRNA</em> gene amplification and Illumina high-throughput sequencing. Data was analysed using QIIME2 analysis pipeline.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The prevalence of <em>Rickettsia</em> was found to be 47.9% (45/94) with prevalence in <em>Amblyomma</em> at 78.5% (22/28), <em>Hyalomma</em> at 68.9% (20/29) and <em>Rhipicephalus</em> having the lowest at 8.1% (3/37). Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Actinobacteriota and Euryachaeota were the most common phyla, while endosymbionts were uncommonly detected in the ticks. Further analysis showed significant differences in microbiome composition based on <em>Rickettsia</em> detection status (<em>p</em>=0.001) and location (<em>p</em>=0.001), based on the alpha diversity Shannon index, Bray Curtis beta diversity and PERMANOVA, whilst differences according to life stage, tick species and genus was only shown based on the Bray Curtis beta diversity and PERMANOVA analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Ultimately, this study provides valuable insights into the structure of the tick microbiome in parts of Zambia and how it is affected by the presence of <em>Rickettsia</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100667,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Medicine","volume":"3 4","pages":"Article 100131"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142432490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Utility of next-generation sequencing for the etiological diagnosis of Orientia tsutsugamushi infection 下一代测序技术在恙虫病感染病原学诊断中的应用
Pub Date : 2024-06-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.imj.2024.100116
Nannan Xu , Lintao Sai , Gang Wang , Gregory A. Dasch , Marina E. Eremeeva

Background

Scrub typhus, an acute febrile disease caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi, is transmitted to humans through infected chigger mites. We present a case of scrub typhus in a previously healthy man from Shandong Province diagnosed using next-generation sequencing (NGS) and PCR and review recent literature on NGS for scrub typhus diagnosis.

Methods

NGS was utilized for testing whole blood collected on admission. Confirmatory testing was done by detecting IgM and IgG antibodies to Orientia in acute and convalescent sera by ELISA. Orientia 47-kDa protein gene TaqMan and standard PCR of the 56-kDa protein gene and Sanger sequencing were performed on eschar scab DNA.

Results

The NGS diagnosis was confirmed by 47-kDa protein gene TaqMan and sequencing of a fragment of the O. tsutsugamushi 56-kDa protein gene from the eschar scab. Analysis of this sequence and the NGS data indicated O. tsutsugamushi strain Cheeloo2020 is a novel genotype. Mapping of the NGS data against the O. tsutsugamushi Gilliam strain genome sequence identified 304 reads with high similarity.

Conclusions

NGS is not only useful for multiplex diagnosis of scrub typhus, but also provides insight into the genetic diversity of O. tsutsugamushi. The common failure to submit sequences to databases makes it difficult to determine the minimal quantity and quality of NGS data being used for the positive identification of Orientia DNA in clinical specimens.

背景恙虫病是由恙虫病原虫(Orientia tsutsugamushi)引起的一种急性发热性疾病,通过受感染的恙螨传播给人类。我们报告了一例山东省健康男性恙虫病病例,该病例通过新一代测序(NGS)和 PCR 诊断,并回顾了近期有关 NGS 诊断恙虫病的文献。采用 ELISA 方法检测急性期和恢复期血清中的 IgM 和 IgG 抗体。结果47-kDa蛋白基因TaqMan和恙虫病56-kDa蛋白基因片段的测序证实了NGS诊断。对该序列和 NGS 数据的分析表明,恙虫病菌株 Cheeloo2020 是一种新型基因型。将 NGS 数据与 O. tsutsugamushi Gilliam 菌株基因组序列进行比对,发现了 304 个具有高度相似性的读数。由于普遍存在不向数据库提交序列的情况,因此很难确定用于临床标本中Orientia DNA阳性鉴定的NGS数据的最低数量和质量。
{"title":"Utility of next-generation sequencing for the etiological diagnosis of Orientia tsutsugamushi infection","authors":"Nannan Xu ,&nbsp;Lintao Sai ,&nbsp;Gang Wang ,&nbsp;Gregory A. Dasch ,&nbsp;Marina E. Eremeeva","doi":"10.1016/j.imj.2024.100116","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.imj.2024.100116","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Scrub typhus, an acute febrile disease caused by <em>Orientia tsutsugamushi,</em> is transmitted to humans through infected chigger mites. We present a case of scrub typhus in a previously healthy man from Shandong Province diagnosed using next-generation sequencing (NGS) and PCR and review recent literature on NGS for scrub typhus diagnosis.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>NGS was utilized for testing whole blood collected on admission. Confirmatory testing was done by detecting IgM and IgG antibodies to <em>Orientia</em> in acute and convalescent sera by ELISA. <em>Orientia</em> 47-kDa protein gene TaqMan and standard PCR of the 56-kDa protein gene and Sanger sequencing were performed on eschar scab DNA.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The NGS diagnosis was confirmed by 47-kDa protein gene TaqMan and sequencing of a fragment of the <em>O. tsutsugamushi</em> 56-kDa protein gene from the eschar scab. Analysis of this sequence and the NGS data indicated <em>O. tsutsugamushi</em> strain Cheeloo2020 is a novel genotype. Mapping of the NGS data against the <em>O. tsutsugamushi</em> Gilliam strain genome sequence identified 304 reads with high similarity.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>NGS is not only useful for multiplex diagnosis of scrub typhus, but also provides insight into the genetic diversity of <em>O. tsutsugamushi</em>. The common failure to submit sequences to databases makes it difficult to determine the minimal quantity and quality of NGS data being used for the positive identification of <em>Orientia</em> DNA in clinical specimens.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100667,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Medicine","volume":"3 3","pages":"Article 100116"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772431X24000303/pdfft?md5=88451a4d2be464bfdaff10ab76f2aa24&pid=1-s2.0-S2772431X24000303-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141962621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Elucidation of cellular signaling mechanism involved in Vibrio cholerae chitin-binding protein GbpA mediated IL-8 secretion in the intestinal cells 阐明霍乱弧菌几丁质结合蛋白 GbpA 介导肠道细胞分泌 IL-8 的细胞信号机制
Pub Date : 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.imj.2024.100113
Avishek Ghosh

Background

Vibrio cholerae N-acetylglucosamine-binding protein (GbpA) is a four-domain, secretory colonization factor which is essential for chitin utilization in the environment, as well as in adherence to intestinal cells. GbpA is also involved in inducing intestinal inflammation by enhancing mucin and interleukin-8 secretion. The underlying cell signaling mechanism involved in the induction of the pro-inflammatory response and IL-8 secretion has yet to be deciphered in detail.

Methods

Herein, the process through which GbpA triggers the induction of IL-8 in intestinal cells was investigated by examining the role of GbpA in intestinal cell line HT 29.

Results

GbpA, specifically through the fourth domain, forms a binding connection with Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) and additionally, recruits TLR1 along with CD14 within a lipid raft micro-domain to initiate the signaling pathway. Notably, disruption of this micro-domain complex resulted in a reduction in IL-8 secretion. The lipid raft association served as the catalyst that invoked a downstream cellular inflammatory signaling pathway. This cascade involved the activation of various MAP kinases and NFκB and assembly of the AP-1 complex. This coordinated activation of signaling molecules eventually leads to enhanced IL-8 transcription via increased promoter activity. These findings suggested that GbpA is a crucial protein in V. cholerae, capable of inciting a pro-inflammatory response during infection by orchestrating the formation of the GbpA-TLR1/2-CD14 lipid raft complex. Activation of AP-1 and NFκB in the nucleus eventually enhanced IL-8 transcription through increased promoter activity.

Conclusion

Collectively, these findings indicated that GbpA plays a pivotal role within V. cholerae by triggering a pro-inflammatory response during infection. This response is instrumented by the formation of the GbpA-TLR1/2-CD14 lipid raft complex.

背景霍乱弧菌 N-乙酰葡糖胺结合蛋白(GbpA)是一种四链分泌型定植因子,对于利用环境中的几丁质以及粘附到肠道细胞至关重要。GbpA 还能通过增强粘蛋白和白细胞介素-8 的分泌来诱发肠道炎症。方法本文通过研究 GbpA 在肠细胞系 HT 29 中的作用,探讨了 GbpA 在肠细胞中诱导 IL-8 的过程。结果GbpA,特别是通过第四结构域,与Toll样受体2(TLR2)形成了结合连接,此外,还在脂筏微域中招募了TLR1和CD14,从而启动了信号通路。值得注意的是,破坏这种微域复合物会导致 IL-8 分泌减少。脂质筏联合体是启动下游细胞炎症信号通路的催化剂。这一级联涉及激活各种 MAP 激酶和 NFκB 以及 AP-1 复合物的组装。信号分子的这种协调激活最终导致启动子活性增加,从而增强了 IL-8 的转录。这些研究结果表明,GbpA 是霍乱弧菌中的一种关键蛋白,能够在感染过程中通过协调 GbpA-TLR1/2-CD14 脂筏复合物的形成来激发促炎反应。总之,这些研究结果表明,GbpA 在霍乱弧菌感染期间通过触发促炎反应在霍乱弧菌体内发挥了关键作用。这种反应是通过 GbpA-TLR1/2-CD14 脂筏复合物的形成来实现的。
{"title":"Elucidation of cellular signaling mechanism involved in Vibrio cholerae chitin-binding protein GbpA mediated IL-8 secretion in the intestinal cells","authors":"Avishek Ghosh","doi":"10.1016/j.imj.2024.100113","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.imj.2024.100113","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p><em>Vibrio cholerae N</em>-acetylglucosamine-binding protein (GbpA) is a four-domain, secretory colonization factor which is essential for chitin utilization in the environment, as well as in adherence to intestinal cells. GbpA is also involved in inducing intestinal inflammation by enhancing mucin and interleukin-8 secretion. The underlying cell signaling mechanism involved in the induction of the pro-inflammatory response and IL-8 secretion has yet to be deciphered in detail.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Herein, the process through which GbpA triggers the induction of IL-8 in intestinal cells was investigated by examining the role of GbpA in intestinal cell line HT 29.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>GbpA, specifically through the fourth domain, forms a binding connection with Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) and additionally, recruits TLR1 along with CD14 within a lipid raft micro-domain to initiate the signaling pathway. Notably, disruption of this micro-domain complex resulted in a reduction in IL-8 secretion. The lipid raft association served as the catalyst that invoked a downstream cellular inflammatory signaling pathway. This cascade involved the activation of various MAP kinases and NFκB and assembly of the AP-1 complex. This coordinated activation of signaling molecules eventually leads to enhanced IL-8 transcription via increased promoter activity. These findings suggested that GbpA is a crucial protein in <em>V. cholerae</em>, capable of inciting a pro-inflammatory response during infection by orchestrating the formation of the GbpA-TLR1/2-CD14 lipid raft complex. Activation of AP-1 and NFκB in the nucleus eventually enhanced IL-8 transcription through increased promoter activity.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Collectively, these findings indicated that GbpA plays a pivotal role within <em>V. cholerae</em> by triggering a pro-inflammatory response during infection. This response is instrumented by the formation of the GbpA-TLR1/2-CD14 lipid raft complex.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100667,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Medicine","volume":"3 2","pages":"Article 100113"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772431X24000273/pdfft?md5=7703ec4ea7b38276f1055ffee7fb4b62&pid=1-s2.0-S2772431X24000273-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140774608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Spatial-temporal analysis of hepatitis B in Fujian Province, China in 2012–2021 2012-2021 年中国福建省乙型肝炎的时空分析
Pub Date : 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.imj.2024.100110
Shuo Yin , Shenggen Wu , Jingru Huang , Shutong Ren , Weijiang Xie , Xian'e Peng

Background

Fujian Province has one of the highest reported incidences of hepatitis B virus infection in China. This study aimed to provide a theoretical framework for preventing and controlling hepatitis B in Fujian Province, and to assess the trends and the spatial-temporal distribution patterns of hepatitis B in this region.

Methods

Data on hepatitis B cases were extracted from the National Notifiable Infectious Disease Surveillance System. Spatial autocorrelation analysis, trend surface analysis, and spatial-temporal scanning statistics were used to identify the spatial and aggregation patterns at the county level. The Joinpoint was used to assess the reported incidence trends.

Results

The average reported incidence of hepatitis B in Fujian from 2012 to 2021 was 14.46/10,000 population, with 583,262 notified cases. The age-adjusted reported incidence of hepatitis B decreased from 17.44/10,000 population in 2012 to 11.88/10,000 population in 2021, with an average reduction in the annual percentage change of 4.5%. There were obvious spatial-temporal aggregation characteristics in hepatitis B cases, and a high-incidence area was located in eastern Fujian. Spatio-temporal scanning statistics revealed four levels of aggregation of hepatitis B reporting rates. The first level of aggregation area included Minhou, Gulou, Jin'an, Taijiang, and nine other districts and counties.

Conclusion

The incidence of hepatitis B is declining in Fujian Province. Spatial clusters of hepatitis B cases in Fujian Province were identified, and high-risk areas in eastern Fujian still exist. Closely monitoring the general patterns in the occurrence of hepatitis B and implementing focused control and preventative strategies are important.

背景福建省是中国报告的乙型肝炎病毒感染发病率最高的省份之一。本研究旨在为福建省预防和控制乙型肝炎提供理论框架,并评估该地区乙型肝炎的流行趋势和时空分布模式。采用空间自相关分析、趋势面分析和时空扫描统计来确定县级的空间和聚集模式。结果2012-2021年福建乙肝平均报告发病率为14.46/10,000人,报告病例数为583,262例。经年龄调整后的乙肝报告发病率从2012年的17.44/10,000人降至2021年的11.88/10,000人,年均降幅为4.5%。乙肝病例具有明显的时空聚集特征,高发区位于福建东部。时空扫描统计显示,乙肝病例报告率存在四级聚集。第一级聚集区包括闽侯、鼓楼、晋安、台江等 9 个区县。结论福建省乙肝发病率呈下降趋势,但福建省乙肝病例的空间集群已被发现,闽东地区仍存在乙肝高发区。密切监测乙型肝炎发生的总体规律并实施有针对性的控制和预防策略非常重要。
{"title":"Spatial-temporal analysis of hepatitis B in Fujian Province, China in 2012–2021","authors":"Shuo Yin ,&nbsp;Shenggen Wu ,&nbsp;Jingru Huang ,&nbsp;Shutong Ren ,&nbsp;Weijiang Xie ,&nbsp;Xian'e Peng","doi":"10.1016/j.imj.2024.100110","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.imj.2024.100110","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Fujian Province has one of the highest reported incidences of hepatitis B virus infection in China. This study aimed to provide a theoretical framework for preventing and controlling hepatitis B in Fujian Province, and to assess the trends and the spatial-temporal distribution patterns of hepatitis B in this region.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Data on hepatitis B cases were extracted from the National Notifiable Infectious Disease Surveillance System. Spatial autocorrelation analysis, trend surface analysis, and spatial-temporal scanning statistics were used to identify the spatial and aggregation patterns at the county level. The Joinpoint was used to assess the reported incidence trends.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The average reported incidence of hepatitis B in Fujian from 2012 to 2021 was 14.46/10,000 population, with 583,262 notified cases. The age-adjusted reported incidence of hepatitis B decreased from 17.44/10,000 population in 2012 to 11.88/10,000 population in 2021, with an average reduction in the annual percentage change of 4.5%. There were obvious spatial-temporal aggregation characteristics in hepatitis B cases, and a high-incidence area was located in eastern Fujian. Spatio-temporal scanning statistics revealed four levels of aggregation of hepatitis B reporting rates. The first level of aggregation area included Minhou, Gulou, Jin'an, Taijiang, and nine other districts and counties.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The incidence of hepatitis B is declining in Fujian Province. Spatial clusters of hepatitis B cases in Fujian Province were identified, and high-risk areas in eastern Fujian still exist. Closely monitoring the general patterns in the occurrence of hepatitis B and implementing focused control and preventative strategies are important.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100667,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Medicine","volume":"3 2","pages":"Article 100110"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772431X24000248/pdfft?md5=20edb4c83f4c3552c72d4ed11a967f20&pid=1-s2.0-S2772431X24000248-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140786363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Establishment and application of a rapid visualization method for detecting Vibrio parahaemolyticus nucleic acid 建立和应用检测副溶血性弧菌核酸的快速可视化方法
Pub Date : 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.imj.2024.100111
Yachao Hou , Xinping Liu , Ya'nan Wang , Liang Guo , Lvying Wu , Wenrong Xia , Yongqi Zhao , Weiwei Xing , Jin Chen , Changguo Chen

Background

Swift and accurate detection of Vibrio parahaemolyticus, which is a prominent causative pathogen associated with seafood contamination, is required to effectively combat foodborne disease and wound infections. The toxR gene is relatively conserved within V. parahaemolyticus and is primarily involved in the expression and regulation of virulence genes with a notable degree of specificity. The aim of this study was to develop a rapid, simple, and constant temperature detection method for V. parahaemolyticus in clinical and nonspecialized laboratory settings.

Methods

In this study, specific primers and CRISPR RNA were used to target the toxR gene to construct a reaction system that combines recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) with CRISPR‒Cas13a. The whole-genome DNA of the sample was extracted by self-prepared sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) nucleic acid rapid extraction reagent, and visual interpretation of the detection results was performed by lateral flow dipsticks (LFDs).

Results

The specificity of the RPA-CRISPR/Cas13a-LFD method was validated using V. parahaemolyticus strain ATCC-17802 and six other non-parahaemolytic Vibrio species. The results demonstrated a specificity of 100%. Additionally, the genomic DNA of V. parahaemolyticus was serially diluted and analysed, with a minimum detectable limit of 1 copy/µL for this method, which was greater than that of the TaqMan-qPCR method (102 copies/µL). The established methods were successfully applied to detect wild-type V. parahaemolyticus, yielding results consistent with those of TaqMan-qPCR and MALDI-TOF MS mass spectrometry identification. Finally, the established RPA-CRISPR/Cas13a-LFD method was applied to whole blood specimens from mice infected with V. parahaemolyticus, and the detection rate of V. parahaemolyticus by this method was consistent with that of the conventional PCR method.

Conclusions

In this study, we describe an RPA-CRISPR/Cas13a detection method that specifically targets the toxR gene and offers advantages such as simplicity, rapidity, high specificity, and visual interpretation. This method serves as a valuable tool for the prompt detection of V. parahaemolyticus in nonspecialized laboratory settings.

背景要有效防治食源性疾病和伤口感染,就必须迅速准确地检测副溶血性弧菌,因为它是与海产品污染有关的一种主要致病菌。toxR 基因在副溶血性弧菌中相对保守,主要参与毒力基因的表达和调控,具有显著的特异性。本研究旨在开发一种在临床和非专业实验室环境中快速、简单、恒温检测副溶血性弧菌的方法。方法在本研究中,使用特异性引物和 CRISPR RNA 靶向 toxR 基因,构建了一个结合重组酶聚合酶扩增(RPA)和 CRISPR-Cas13a 的反应系统。结果用副溶血性弧菌 ATCC-17802 株和其他 6 种非副溶血性弧菌验证了 RPA-CRISPR/Cas13a-LFD 方法的特异性。结果显示特异性为 100%。此外,对副溶血性弧菌的基因组 DNA 进行序列稀释和分析,该方法的最低检测限为 1 个拷贝/微升,高于 TaqMan-qPCR 方法(102 个拷贝/微升)。已建立的方法被成功用于检测野生型副溶血性弧菌,其结果与 TaqMan-qPCR 和 MALDI-TOF MS 质谱鉴定的结果一致。最后,将建立的 RPA-CRISPR/Cas13a-LFD 方法应用于感染副溶血性弧菌的小鼠全血标本,该方法对副溶血性弧菌的检出率与传统 PCR 方法一致。该方法是在非专业实验室环境中迅速检测副溶血性弧菌的重要工具。
{"title":"Establishment and application of a rapid visualization method for detecting Vibrio parahaemolyticus nucleic acid","authors":"Yachao Hou ,&nbsp;Xinping Liu ,&nbsp;Ya'nan Wang ,&nbsp;Liang Guo ,&nbsp;Lvying Wu ,&nbsp;Wenrong Xia ,&nbsp;Yongqi Zhao ,&nbsp;Weiwei Xing ,&nbsp;Jin Chen ,&nbsp;Changguo Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.imj.2024.100111","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.imj.2024.100111","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Swift and accurate detection of <em>Vibrio parahaemolyticus</em>, which is a prominent causative pathogen associated with seafood contamination, is required to effectively combat foodborne disease and wound infections. The <em>toxR</em> gene is relatively conserved within <em>V. parahaemolyticus</em> and is primarily involved in the expression and regulation of virulence genes with a notable degree of specificity. The aim of this study was to develop a rapid, simple, and constant temperature detection method for <em>V. parahaemolyticus</em> in clinical and nonspecialized laboratory settings.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>In this study, specific primers and CRISPR RNA were used to target the <em>toxR</em> gene to construct a reaction system that combines recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) with CRISPR‒Cas13a. The whole-genome DNA of the sample was extracted by self-prepared sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) nucleic acid rapid extraction reagent, and visual interpretation of the detection results was performed by lateral flow dipsticks (LFDs).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The specificity of the RPA-CRISPR/Cas13a-LFD method was validated using <em>V. parahaemolyticus</em> strain ATCC-17802 and six other non-parahaemolytic <em>Vibrio</em> species. The results demonstrated a specificity of 100%. Additionally, the genomic DNA of <em>V. parahaemolyticus</em> was serially diluted and analysed, with a minimum detectable limit of 1 copy/µL for this method, which was greater than that of the TaqMan-qPCR method (10<sup>2</sup> copies/µL). The established methods were successfully applied to detect wild-type <em>V. parahaemolyticus</em>, yielding results consistent with those of TaqMan-qPCR and MALDI-TOF MS mass spectrometry identification. Finally, the established RPA-CRISPR/Cas13a-LFD method was applied to whole blood specimens from mice infected with <em>V. parahaemolyticus</em>, and the detection rate of <em>V. parahaemolyticus</em> by this method was consistent with that of the conventional PCR method.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>In this study, we describe an RPA-CRISPR/Cas13a detection method that specifically targets the <em>toxR</em> gene and offers advantages such as simplicity, rapidity, high specificity, and visual interpretation. This method serves as a valuable tool for the prompt detection of <em>V. parahaemolyticus</em> in nonspecialized laboratory settings.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100667,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Medicine","volume":"3 2","pages":"Article 100111"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772431X2400025X/pdfft?md5=0efd833aa0c30f7f59c3a181b970263f&pid=1-s2.0-S2772431X2400025X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140758951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Mucormycosis during COVID-19 era: A retrospective assessment COVID-19 时代的粘孢子菌病:回顾性评估
Pub Date : 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.imj.2024.100112
Tuhin Mukherjee , Tanisha Das , Sourav Basak , Satyajit Mohanty , Krishnendu Adhikary , Prity Chatterjee , Rajkumar Maiti , Prithviraj Karak

In a retrospective view, this review examines the impact of mucormycosis on health workers and researchers during the COVID era. The diagnostic and treatment challenges arising from unestablished underlying pathology and limited case studies add strain to healthcare systems. Mucormycosis, caused by environmental molds, poses a significant threat to COVID-19 patients, particularly those with comorbidities and compromised immune systems. Due to a variety of infectious Mucorales causes and regionally related risk factors, the disease's incidence is rising globally. Data on mucormycosis remains scarce in many countries, highlighting the urgent need for more extensive research on its epidemiology and prevalence. This review explores the associations between COVID-19 disease and mucormycosis pathology, shedding light on potential future diagnostic techniques based on the fungal agent's biochemical components. Medications used in ICUs and for life support in ventilated patients have been reported, revealing the challenge of managing this dual onslaught. To develop more effective treatment strategies, it is crucial to identify novel pharmacological targets through “pragmatic” multicenter trials and registries. In the absence of positive mycology culture data, early clinical detection, prompt treatment, and tissue biopsy are essential to confirm the specific morphologic features of the fungal agent. This review delves into the history, pathogens, and pathogenesis of mucormycosis, its opportunistic nature in COVID or immunocompromised individuals, and the latest advancements in therapeutics. Additionally, it offers a forward-looking perspective on potential pharmacological targets for future drug development.

本综述以回顾性的视角,探讨了粘孢子虫病在 COVID 时代对卫生工作者和研究人员的影响。由于基础病理学尚未确定,病例研究有限,因此诊断和治疗面临挑战,这给医疗保健系统增加了压力。由环境霉菌引起的粘孢子菌病对 COVID-19 患者,尤其是合并症患者和免疫系统受损的患者构成重大威胁。由于各种传染性粘孢子菌病的病因和与地区相关的风险因素,该病的发病率在全球范围内呈上升趋势。在许多国家,有关粘孢子菌病的数据仍然很少,这突出表明迫切需要对其流行病学和发病率进行更广泛的研究。这篇综述探讨了 COVID-19 疾病与粘孢子菌病病理之间的关联,揭示了未来基于真菌病原体生化成分的潜在诊断技术。有报道称,重症监护室和呼吸机患者的生命支持药物揭示了管理这种双重冲击的挑战。为了制定更有效的治疗策略,必须通过 "务实 "的多中心试验和登记来确定新的药理靶点。在缺乏阳性真菌培养数据的情况下,早期临床检测、及时治疗和组织活检对于确认真菌病原体的具体形态特征至关重要。本综述深入探讨了粘孢子菌病的历史、病原体和发病机制,其在 COVID 或免疫力低下人群中的机会性,以及治疗方法的最新进展。此外,它还从前瞻性的角度探讨了未来药物开发的潜在药理靶点。
{"title":"Mucormycosis during COVID-19 era: A retrospective assessment","authors":"Tuhin Mukherjee ,&nbsp;Tanisha Das ,&nbsp;Sourav Basak ,&nbsp;Satyajit Mohanty ,&nbsp;Krishnendu Adhikary ,&nbsp;Prity Chatterjee ,&nbsp;Rajkumar Maiti ,&nbsp;Prithviraj Karak","doi":"10.1016/j.imj.2024.100112","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.imj.2024.100112","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In a retrospective view, this review examines the impact of mucormycosis on health workers and researchers during the COVID era. The diagnostic and treatment challenges arising from unestablished underlying pathology and limited case studies add strain to healthcare systems. Mucormycosis, caused by environmental molds, poses a significant threat to COVID-19 patients, particularly those with comorbidities and compromised immune systems. Due to a variety of infectious Mucorales causes and regionally related risk factors, the disease's incidence is rising globally. Data on mucormycosis remains scarce in many countries, highlighting the urgent need for more extensive research on its epidemiology and prevalence. This review explores the associations between COVID-19 disease and mucormycosis pathology, shedding light on potential future diagnostic techniques based on the fungal agent's biochemical components. Medications used in ICUs and for life support in ventilated patients have been reported, revealing the challenge of managing this dual onslaught. To develop more effective treatment strategies, it is crucial to identify novel pharmacological targets through “pragmatic” multicenter trials and registries. In the absence of positive mycology culture data, early clinical detection, prompt treatment, and tissue biopsy are essential to confirm the specific morphologic features of the fungal agent. This review delves into the history, pathogens, and pathogenesis of mucormycosis, its opportunistic nature in COVID or immunocompromised individuals, and the latest advancements in therapeutics. Additionally, it offers a forward-looking perspective on potential pharmacological targets for future drug development.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100667,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Medicine","volume":"3 2","pages":"Article 100112"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772431X24000261/pdfft?md5=4cd5d441ec5f1a486c83a6d2d23f67f2&pid=1-s2.0-S2772431X24000261-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140770450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
期刊
Infectious Medicine
全部 Acc. Chem. Res. ACS Applied Bio Materials ACS Appl. Electron. Mater. ACS Appl. Energy Mater. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces ACS Appl. Nano Mater. ACS Appl. Polym. Mater. ACS BIOMATER-SCI ENG ACS Catal. ACS Cent. Sci. ACS Chem. Biol. ACS Chemical Health & Safety ACS Chem. Neurosci. ACS Comb. Sci. ACS Earth Space Chem. ACS Energy Lett. ACS Infect. Dis. ACS Macro Lett. ACS Mater. Lett. ACS Med. Chem. Lett. ACS Nano ACS Omega ACS Photonics ACS Sens. ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. ACS Synth. Biol. Anal. Chem. BIOCHEMISTRY-US Bioconjugate Chem. BIOMACROMOLECULES Chem. Res. Toxicol. Chem. Rev. Chem. Mater. CRYST GROWTH DES ENERG FUEL Environ. Sci. Technol. Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. IND ENG CHEM RES Inorg. Chem. J. Agric. Food. Chem. J. Chem. Eng. Data J. Chem. Educ. J. Chem. Inf. Model. J. Chem. Theory Comput. J. Med. Chem. J. Nat. Prod. J PROTEOME RES J. Am. Chem. Soc. LANGMUIR MACROMOLECULES Mol. Pharmaceutics Nano Lett. Org. Lett. ORG PROCESS RES DEV ORGANOMETALLICS J. Org. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. A J. Phys. Chem. B J. Phys. Chem. C J. Phys. Chem. Lett. Analyst Anal. Methods Biomater. Sci. Catal. Sci. Technol. Chem. Commun. Chem. Soc. Rev. CHEM EDUC RES PRACT CRYSTENGCOMM Dalton Trans. Energy Environ. Sci. ENVIRON SCI-NANO ENVIRON SCI-PROC IMP ENVIRON SCI-WAT RES Faraday Discuss. Food Funct. Green Chem. Inorg. Chem. Front. Integr. Biol. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. J. Mater. Chem. A J. Mater. Chem. B J. Mater. Chem. C Lab Chip Mater. Chem. Front. Mater. Horiz. MEDCHEMCOMM Metallomics Mol. Biosyst. Mol. Syst. Des. Eng. Nanoscale Nanoscale Horiz. Nat. Prod. Rep. New J. Chem. Org. Biomol. Chem. Org. Chem. Front. PHOTOCH PHOTOBIO SCI PCCP Polym. Chem.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
0
微信
客服QQ
Book学术公众号 扫码关注我们
反馈
×
意见反馈
请填写您的意见或建议
请填写您的手机或邮箱
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
Book学术官方微信
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献 互助须知 联系我们:info@booksci.cn
Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。
Copyright © 2023 Book学术 All rights reserved.
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号 京ICP备2023020795号-1