Pub Date : 2025-03-01Epub Date: 2025-01-10DOI: 10.1016/j.imj.2025.100163
Shulei Wang , Peilin Diao , Jingyu Liu , Shiwen Wang , Yuelei Wang , Xiaomin He
Background
This study analyzes the epidemiological characteristics, investigation, and management of a tuberculosis (TB) outbreak in July 2024 at a psychiatric hospital in Yantai City, Shandong Province. It aims to provide recommendations for the prevention and control of TB in high-risk settings, such as psychiatric hospitals.
Methods
An epidemiological investigation was conducted, involving case analyses, symptom screenings, tuberculin skin tests (TST), chest X-rays (CXR), and an evaluation of the outbreak's progression and findings.
Results
Four active pulmonary TB cases were confirmed between July 3 and July 12, 2024. Among 313 contacts screened, 37 tested positive, with healthcare workers showing a higher positivity rate (18.60 %) compared with patients with mental illnesses (9.05 %). Healthcare workers’ close contacts had significantly higher positivity rates than their casual contacts.
Conclusions
The primary cause of this cluster outbreak was delayed outbreak alerts following the identification of the index case. To enhance outbreak prevention, medical institutions should clarify whether TB patients with a history of mental illness have been admitted in psychiatric hospitals and, if so, initiate timely outbreak alerts. Additionally, psychiatric hospitals should improve healthcare worker training to recognize TB symptoms and promptly report cases involving patients with mental illnesses.
{"title":"Insights from a cluster of tuberculosis outbreak in a psychiatric hospital—Shandong Province, 2024","authors":"Shulei Wang , Peilin Diao , Jingyu Liu , Shiwen Wang , Yuelei Wang , Xiaomin He","doi":"10.1016/j.imj.2025.100163","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.imj.2025.100163","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>This study analyzes the epidemiological characteristics, investigation, and management of a tuberculosis (TB) outbreak in July 2024 at a psychiatric hospital in Yantai City, Shandong Province. It aims to provide recommendations for the prevention and control of TB in high-risk settings, such as psychiatric hospitals.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>An epidemiological investigation was conducted, involving case analyses, symptom screenings, tuberculin skin tests (TST), chest X-rays (CXR), and an evaluation of the outbreak's progression and findings.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Four active pulmonary TB cases were confirmed between July 3 and July 12, 2024. Among 313 contacts screened, 37 tested positive, with healthcare workers showing a higher positivity rate (18.60 %) compared with patients with mental illnesses (9.05 %). Healthcare workers’ close contacts had significantly higher positivity rates than their casual contacts.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The primary cause of this cluster outbreak was delayed outbreak alerts following the identification of the index case. To enhance outbreak prevention, medical institutions should clarify whether TB patients with a history of mental illness have been admitted in psychiatric hospitals and, if so, initiate timely outbreak alerts. Additionally, psychiatric hospitals should improve healthcare worker training to recognize TB symptoms and promptly report cases involving patients with mental illnesses.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100667,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Medicine","volume":"4 1","pages":"Article 100163"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143137709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the context of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), metabolic research has become crucial for in-depth exploration of viral infection mechanisms and in searching for therapeutic strategies. This paper summarizes the interrelationships between carbohydrate, lipid, and amino acid metabolism and COVID-19 infection, discussing their roles in infection progression. SARS-CoV-2 infection leads to insulin resistance and increased glycolysis, reducing glucose utilization and shifting metabolism to use fat as an energy source. Fat is crucial for viral replication, and imbalances in amino acid metabolism may interfere with immune regulation. Consequently, metabolic changes such as hyperglycemia, hypolipidemia, and deficiency of certain amino acids following SARS-CoV-2 infection can contribute to progression toward severe conditions. These metabolic pathways not only have potential value in prediction and diagnosis but also provide new perspectives for the development of therapeutic strategies. By monitoring metabolic changes, infection severity can be predicted early, and modulating these metabolic pathways may help reduce inflammatory responses, improve immune responses, and reduce the risk of thrombosis. Research on the relationship between metabolism and SARS-CoV-2 infection provides an important scientific basis for addressing the global challenge posed by COVID-19, however, further studies are needed to validate these findings and provide more effective strategies for disease control.
{"title":"Recent advances in nutritional metabolism studies on SARS-CoV-2 infection","authors":"Yufen Jiang , Linle Xu , Xuexing Zheng , Hongbo Shi","doi":"10.1016/j.imj.2025.100162","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.imj.2025.100162","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the context of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), metabolic research has become crucial for in-depth exploration of viral infection mechanisms and in searching for therapeutic strategies. This paper summarizes the interrelationships between carbohydrate, lipid, and amino acid metabolism and COVID-19 infection, discussing their roles in infection progression. SARS-CoV-2 infection leads to insulin resistance and increased glycolysis, reducing glucose utilization and shifting metabolism to use fat as an energy source. Fat is crucial for viral replication, and imbalances in amino acid metabolism may interfere with immune regulation. Consequently, metabolic changes such as hyperglycemia, hypolipidemia, and deficiency of certain amino acids following SARS-CoV-2 infection can contribute to progression toward severe conditions. These metabolic pathways not only have potential value in prediction and diagnosis but also provide new perspectives for the development of therapeutic strategies. By monitoring metabolic changes, infection severity can be predicted early, and modulating these metabolic pathways may help reduce inflammatory responses, improve immune responses, and reduce the risk of thrombosis. Research on the relationship between metabolism and SARS-CoV-2 infection provides an important scientific basis for addressing the global challenge posed by COVID-19, however, further studies are needed to validate these findings and provide more effective strategies for disease control.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100667,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Medicine","volume":"4 1","pages":"Article 100162"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143137707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-01Epub Date: 2025-01-13DOI: 10.1016/j.imj.2025.100165
Zhaozhong Zhu , Qin Sun , Yunhai Xu , Youya Niu , Fei Yang , Shuidong Feng
Background
The ongoing threat of the monkeypox virus (MPXV) underscores the need for new antiviral treatments, yet drug targets and candidate therapies are limited.
Methods
Calculating the centrality, conservation, and immunogenicity of MPXV proteins in the network to identify viral drug targets. Constructing the MIP-human protein interaction network and identifying key human proteins as potential drug targets through network topology analysis.
Results
We constructed a comprehensive protein–protein interaction (PPI) network between MPXV and humans, using data from the P-HIPSTer database. This network included 113 viral proteins and 2 607 MPXV-interacting human proteins (MIPs). We identified three MPXV proteins (OPG054, OPG084, and OPG190) as key targets for antiviral drugs, as well as 95 critical MIPs (most interacting MIPs, MMIPs) within the MPXV–human PPI network. Further analysis revealed 31 MMIPs as potential targets for broad-spectrum antiviral agents, supported by their involvement in other viral interactions. Functional enrichment of MIPs indicated their roles in infection and immune-related pathways.
Conclusions
In total, we identified 112 drugs targeting MPXV proteins and 371 drugs targeting MMIPs, with fostamatinib, trilostane, and raloxifene being able to inhibit both viral and host proteins. This work provides critical insights into MPXV–human interactions and supports the development of targeted antiviral therapies.
{"title":"Novel drug targets for monkeypox: From viral to host proteins","authors":"Zhaozhong Zhu , Qin Sun , Yunhai Xu , Youya Niu , Fei Yang , Shuidong Feng","doi":"10.1016/j.imj.2025.100165","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.imj.2025.100165","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The ongoing threat of the monkeypox virus (MPXV) underscores the need for new antiviral treatments, yet drug targets and candidate therapies are limited.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Calculating the centrality, conservation, and immunogenicity of MPXV proteins in the network to identify viral drug targets. Constructing the MIP-human protein interaction network and identifying key human proteins as potential drug targets through network topology analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We constructed a comprehensive protein–protein interaction (PPI) network between MPXV and humans, using data from the P-HIPSTer database. This network included 113 viral proteins and 2 607 MPXV-interacting human proteins (MIPs). We identified three MPXV proteins (OPG054, OPG084, and OPG190) as key targets for antiviral drugs, as well as 95 critical MIPs (most interacting MIPs, MMIPs) within the MPXV–human PPI network. Further analysis revealed 31 MMIPs as potential targets for broad-spectrum antiviral agents, supported by their involvement in other viral interactions. Functional enrichment of MIPs indicated their roles in infection and immune-related pathways.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>In total, we identified 112 drugs targeting MPXV proteins and 371 drugs targeting MMIPs, with fostamatinib, trilostane, and raloxifene being able to inhibit both viral and host proteins. This work provides critical insights into MPXV–human interactions and supports the development of targeted antiviral therapies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100667,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Medicine","volume":"4 1","pages":"Article 100165"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143377319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-01Epub Date: 2025-02-21DOI: 10.1016/j.imj.2025.100170
Guandu Wu , Xiaofan Zhou , Fang Guo , Jiao Xu , Jingjing Song , Zhen Jin , Huijie Cao , Ju Tang , Huiya Lu , Zezheng Jiang , Tianmei Yu , Xiaoyong Zhang , Xiaohui Liu , Xue-jie Yu
Background
Babesiosis is a zoonotic disease caused by the intraerythrocytic parasite Babesia, which poses a serious threat to public health. Currently, the prevalence of babesiosis in domestic animals and the genetic diversity of Babesia in Central China have not been comprehensively studied.
Methods
In this study, we collected 1093 ticks, including 95.24% (1041/1093) Haemaphysalis longicornis, 4.67% (51/1093) Rhipicephalus microplus, and 0.09% (1/1093) Ixodes sinensis. Blood samples from 216 goats, 56 cattle, and 25 dogs were collected from Suizhou City, Hubei Province, China, and animal blood DNA was extracted for the detection of Babesia with PCR.
Results
PCR results showed that 50.00% (28/56) of cattle and 32.00% (8/25) of dogs were Babesia-positive, including for Babesia bovis 3.57% (2/56), B. bigemina 3.57% (2/56), and B. ovata 42.86% (24/56) in cattle and B. gibsoni 32.00% (8/25) in dogs. All goats (216) and ticks (1093) were Babesia-negative.
Conclusions
Our findings showed that Babesia infections are prevalent in cattle and dogs in Central China, indicating that babesiosis should be monitored in animals and humans in Central China.
{"title":"Babesia infection in cattle and dogs in Suizhou City, Hubei Province, China","authors":"Guandu Wu , Xiaofan Zhou , Fang Guo , Jiao Xu , Jingjing Song , Zhen Jin , Huijie Cao , Ju Tang , Huiya Lu , Zezheng Jiang , Tianmei Yu , Xiaoyong Zhang , Xiaohui Liu , Xue-jie Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.imj.2025.100170","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.imj.2025.100170","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Babesiosis is a zoonotic disease caused by the intraerythrocytic parasite <em>Babesia</em>, which poses a serious threat to public health. Currently, the prevalence of babesiosis in domestic animals and the genetic diversity of <em>Babesia</em> in Central China have not been comprehensively studied.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this study, we collected 1093 ticks, including 95.24% (1041/1093) <em>Haemaphysalis longicornis</em>, 4.67% (51/1093) <em>Rhipicephalus microplus,</em> and 0.09% (1/1093) <em>Ixodes sinensis</em>. Blood samples from 216 goats, 56 cattle, and 25 dogs were collected from Suizhou City, Hubei Province, China, and animal blood DNA was extracted for the detection of <em>Babesia</em> with PCR.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>PCR results showed that 50.00% (28/56) of cattle and 32.00% (8/25) of dogs were <em>Babesia</em>-positive, including for <em>Babesia bovis</em> 3.57% (2/56), <em>B. bigemina</em> 3.57% (2/56), and <em>B. ovata</em> 42.86% (24/56) in cattle and <em>B. gibsoni</em> 32.00% (8/25) in dogs. All goats (216) and ticks (1093) were <em>Babesia</em>-negative.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our findings showed that <em>Babesia</em> infections are prevalent in cattle and dogs in Central China, indicating that babesiosis should be monitored in animals and humans in Central China.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100667,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Medicine","volume":"4 1","pages":"Article 100170"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143577649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Clinical spectrum of melioidosis can vary from a simple skin infection and pneumonia to severe septicaemia with multiorgan failure. Bone involvement in melioidosis is generally low, and the major risk factor is the delay in diagnosing the primary site infection. We present a case of septic arthritis with primary lung melioidosis, whose diagnosis of pulmonary melioidosis was delayed for 5 weeks leading to a septicaemia and septic arthritis. This case highlights the importance of improved clinical awareness among health practitioners and a low threshold for radiological screening of high-risk patients, even in non-endemic areas. It also highlights the fact that having adjunctive open arthrotomy in managing joint infection in melioidosis improves the clinical response to treatment.
{"title":"A case report from non-endemic Australia on systemic melioidosis presenting with septic arthritis","authors":"Buddhika Dhananjalee Alahakoon, Monarita Handa, Shiromali Malalasekara","doi":"10.1016/j.imj.2024.100161","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.imj.2024.100161","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Clinical spectrum of melioidosis can vary from a simple skin infection and pneumonia to severe septicaemia with multiorgan failure. Bone involvement in melioidosis is generally low, and the major risk factor is the delay in diagnosing the primary site infection. We present a case of septic arthritis with primary lung melioidosis, whose diagnosis of pulmonary melioidosis was delayed for 5 weeks leading to a septicaemia and septic arthritis. This case highlights the importance of improved clinical awareness among health practitioners and a low threshold for radiological screening of high-risk patients, even in non-endemic areas. It also highlights the fact that having adjunctive open arthrotomy in managing joint infection in melioidosis improves the clinical response to treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100667,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Medicine","volume":"4 1","pages":"Article 100161"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143137708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-01Epub Date: 2025-02-18DOI: 10.1016/j.imj.2025.100169
Xinting Yang , Chaohong Wang , Yu Xue , Yun Zhang , Maike Zheng , Qing Sun , Sibo Long , Da Wang , Jun Yan , Xinlei Liao , Tiantian Zhang , Lei Cao , Yan Chen , Wenfu Ju , Jing Zhang , Mengqiu Gao , Yan Zhao , Laurence Don Wai Luu , Junhua Pan , Yi Wang , Guirong Wang
Background
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and tuberculosis (TB) co-infection (COVID-19-TB) has the potential to exacerbate lung damage; however, information about the clinical features of COVID-19-TB is limited. This study aims to clarify the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with COVID-19-TB.
Methods
In this single-center retrospective study, the clinical features and outcomes of patients with COVID-19 with active TB who were admitted to Beijing Chest Hospital, Beijing, China, from 1 December 2022 to 18 January 2023 were collected. The severity of COVID-19 and TB was graded according to guidelines from the World Health Organization. The relationships of demographic and clinical variables with intensive care unit (ICU) admission were evaluated using univariable and multivariable logistic regression models.
Results
Overall, 102 patients with COVID-19-TB were enrolled. The mean age was 54.5 years (range 36.5–70 years). The most common clinical manifestations were cough (68.63%), sputum production (53.92%), fever (51.96%), and ground-glass opacities (35.29%). Complications included acute respiratory distress syndrome (11.76%), sepsis (9.8%), and respiratory failure (7.84%). Patients with COVID-19-TB had high concentrations of various proinflammatory cytokines, including interferon-γ, interleukin-1β, interferon-γ-inducible protein 10 kD, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1. Sixteen of the 102 patients with COVID-19-TB (15.69%) were admitted to the ICU, and 10 (9.80%) died during hospitalization. The significant risk factors for ICU admission were respiratory failure, pulmonary fungal infection, and ventilation and oxygen therapy.
Conclusions
The mortality rate of COVID-19-TB was 9.80%. Several demographic and clinical characteristics were associated with adverse outcomes, indicating the importance of early recognition and treatment.
{"title":"Clinical outcomes of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 and active tuberculosis co-infection in Beijing China: A retrospective single-center descriptive study","authors":"Xinting Yang , Chaohong Wang , Yu Xue , Yun Zhang , Maike Zheng , Qing Sun , Sibo Long , Da Wang , Jun Yan , Xinlei Liao , Tiantian Zhang , Lei Cao , Yan Chen , Wenfu Ju , Jing Zhang , Mengqiu Gao , Yan Zhao , Laurence Don Wai Luu , Junhua Pan , Yi Wang , Guirong Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.imj.2025.100169","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.imj.2025.100169","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and tuberculosis (TB) co-infection (COVID-19-TB) has the potential to exacerbate lung damage; however, information about the clinical features of COVID-19-TB is limited. This study aims to clarify the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with COVID-19-TB.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this single-center retrospective study, the clinical features and outcomes of patients with COVID-19 with active TB who were admitted to Beijing Chest Hospital, Beijing, China, from 1 December 2022 to 18 January 2023 were collected. The severity of COVID-19 and TB was graded according to guidelines from the World Health Organization. The relationships of demographic and clinical variables with intensive care unit (ICU) admission were evaluated using univariable and multivariable logistic regression models.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Overall, 102 patients with COVID-19-TB were enrolled. The mean age was 54.5 years (range 36.5–70 years). The most common clinical manifestations were cough (68.63%), sputum production (53.92%), fever (51.96%), and ground-glass opacities (35.29%). Complications included acute respiratory distress syndrome (11.76%), sepsis (9.8%), and respiratory failure (7.84%). Patients with COVID-19-TB had high concentrations of various proinflammatory cytokines, including interferon-γ, interleukin-1β, interferon-γ-inducible protein 10 kD, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1. Sixteen of the 102 patients with COVID-19-TB (15.69%) were admitted to the ICU, and 10 (9.80%) died during hospitalization. The significant risk factors for ICU admission were respiratory failure, pulmonary fungal infection, and ventilation and oxygen therapy.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The mortality rate of COVID-19-TB was 9.80%. Several demographic and clinical characteristics were associated with adverse outcomes, indicating the importance of early recognition and treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100667,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Medicine","volume":"4 1","pages":"Article 100169"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143577751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mpox, formerly known as monkeypox, is a zoonotic virus of the Orthopoxvirus genus, with recent outbreaks of Clade I and Ib in Central Africa presenting a considerable global health threat. This study reviews current Mpox immunization approaches, focusing on the MVA-BN, LC16-KMB, and OrthopoxVac vaccines. MVA-BN vaccination has been successful in lowering infection risks, particularly in high-risk individuals and is widely used in the USA. LC16-KMB is recommended by the World Health Organization for prevention in afflicted regions. OrthopoxVac, a newer vaccination authorized in Russia, provides wide protection. Adapting vaccination approaches based on epidemiology in particular areas is critical for minimizing Mpox outbreaks.
{"title":"Personalized immunization against Mpox Clades I and Ib: Strategies to combat the emerging epidemic","authors":"Deepak Kumar , Rishabha Malviya , Shriyansh Srivastava , Sathvik Belagodu Sridhar , Sirajunisa Talath , Javedh Shareef , Bhupendra G. Prajapati","doi":"10.1016/j.imj.2025.100166","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.imj.2025.100166","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mpox, formerly known as monkeypox, is a zoonotic virus of the <em>Orthopoxvirus</em> genus, with recent outbreaks of Clade I and Ib in Central Africa presenting a considerable global health threat. This study reviews current Mpox immunization approaches, focusing on the MVA-BN, LC16-KMB, and OrthopoxVac vaccines. MVA-BN vaccination has been successful in lowering infection risks, particularly in high-risk individuals and is widely used in the USA. LC16-KMB is recommended by the World Health Organization for prevention in afflicted regions. OrthopoxVac, a newer vaccination authorized in Russia, provides wide protection. Adapting vaccination approaches based on epidemiology in particular areas is critical for minimizing Mpox outbreaks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100667,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Medicine","volume":"4 1","pages":"Article 100166"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143446015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-01Epub Date: 2024-12-21DOI: 10.1016/j.imj.2024.100159
Jiongjiong Wang , Xiaoying Li , Xinying Du , Huiqun Jia , Hui Chen , Jian Wu , Guangcai Duan , Haiyan Yang , Ligui Wang
Background
Vancomycin resistant enterococci (VRE) are now considered a global public health issue. In this study, we explored the relationship between vancomycin resistance incidence and various demographic and climatic factors.
Methods
This retrospective study was performed between January 1st, 2014 and December 31st, 2021. Data covering the consumption of vancomycin, the prevalence of vancomycin resistance, and relevant demographics were collected. Spearman's rank correlation, beta regression, and spatial statistical analysis were performed using R version 4.2.2 and ArcGIS version 10.7.
Results
Spearman's rank correlation described the positive relation between vancomycin consumption and the prevalence of vancomycin resistant Enterococcus faecium (VREfm). Multiple regression analysis showed that vancomycin consumption, rural population, proportion of population aged ≥65, annual temperature, and bed number in medical institutions per thousand people were significantly correlated with VREfm prevalence (r = 56.22, p < 0.001; r = 0.0002, p < 0.001; r = 0.06, p < 0.001; r = −0.07, p < 0.001; and r = −0.37, p < 0.001, respectively).
Conclusions
Vancomycin utilization was the predominant factor contributing to VREfm resistance; the effects of rural populations and the proportion of the population aged ≥ 65 were significant but relatively minimal. Annual temperature and the number of beds in medical institutions per thousand people were protective factors against VREfm.
万古霉素耐药肠球菌（VRE）现在被认为是一个全球性的公共卫生问题。在这项研究中，我们探讨万古霉素耐药发生率与各种人口和气候因素的关系。方法回顾性研究时间为2014年1月1日至2021年12月31日。收集了万古霉素消费、万古霉素耐药流行率和相关人口统计数据。采用R 4.2.2版本和ArcGIS 10.7版本进行Spearman秩相关、beta回归和空间统计分析。结果spearman秩相关描述万古霉素用量与耐万古霉素粪肠球菌（VREfm）患病率呈正相关。多元回归分析显示，万古霉素用量、农村人口、年龄≥65岁人口比例、年气温、医疗机构每千人床位数与VREfm患病率显著相关(r = 56.22, p <；0.001;R = 0.0002, p <；0.001;R = 0.06, p <；0.001;R = - 0.07, p <；0.001;r = - 0.37, p <；分别为0.001)。结论万古霉素的使用是导致VREfm耐药的主要因素；农村人口和65岁以上人口比例的影响显著，但相对较小。年平均气温和每千人医疗机构床位数是预防VREfm的保护因素。
{"title":"Unveiling the drivers of vancomycin-resistant enterococcus in China: A comprehensive ecological study","authors":"Jiongjiong Wang , Xiaoying Li , Xinying Du , Huiqun Jia , Hui Chen , Jian Wu , Guangcai Duan , Haiyan Yang , Ligui Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.imj.2024.100159","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.imj.2024.100159","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Vancomycin resistant enterococci (VRE) are now considered a global public health issue. In this study, we explored the relationship between vancomycin resistance incidence and various demographic and climatic factors.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This retrospective study was performed between January 1st, 2014 and December 31st, 2021. Data covering the consumption of vancomycin, the prevalence of vancomycin resistance, and relevant demographics were collected. Spearman's rank correlation, beta regression, and spatial statistical analysis were performed using R version 4.2.2 and ArcGIS version 10.7.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Spearman's rank correlation described the positive relation between vancomycin consumption and the prevalence of vancomycin resistant <em>Enterococcus faecium</em> (VRE<sub>fm</sub>). Multiple regression analysis showed that vancomycin consumption, rural population, proportion of population aged ≥65, annual temperature, and bed number in medical institutions per thousand people were significantly correlated with VRE<sub>fm</sub> prevalence (<em>r</em> = 56.22, <em>p</em> < 0.001; <em>r</em> = 0.0002, <em>p</em> < 0.001; <em>r</em> = 0.06, <em>p</em> < 0.001; <em>r</em> = −0.07, <em>p</em> < 0.001; and <em>r</em> = −0.37, <em>p</em> < 0.001, respectively).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Vancomycin utilization was the predominant factor contributing to VRE<sub>fm</sub> resistance; the effects of rural populations and the proportion of the population aged ≥ 65 were significant but relatively minimal. Annual temperature and the number of beds in medical institutions per thousand people were protective factors against VRE<sub>fm</sub>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100667,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Medicine","volume":"4 1","pages":"Article 100159"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143137706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-01Epub Date: 2024-10-11DOI: 10.1016/j.imj.2024.100141
Hongyun Huang , Paul R. Sanberg , Hari Shanker Sharma
{"title":"Neurorestorative therapeutic strategies for sequela of central nervous system infections","authors":"Hongyun Huang , Paul R. Sanberg , Hari Shanker Sharma","doi":"10.1016/j.imj.2024.100141","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.imj.2024.100141","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100667,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Medicine","volume":"3 4","pages":"Article 100141"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142699325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-01Epub Date: 2024-11-09DOI: 10.1016/j.imj.2024.100151
Zeyu Zhang , You Wu
{"title":"The critical role of health policy and management in epidemic control: COVID-19 and beyond","authors":"Zeyu Zhang , You Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.imj.2024.100151","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.imj.2024.100151","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100667,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Medicine","volume":"3 4","pages":"Article 100151"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142699326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号