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A nonradiographic strategy to real-time monitor the position of three-dimensional-printed medical orthopedic implants by embedding superparamagnetic Fe3O4 particles 通过嵌入超顺磁性 Fe3O4 粒子实时监测三维打印医用骨科植入物位置的非放射策略
Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2024-01-13 DOI: 10.1002/idm2.12133
Yike Li, Peng Chen, Zhenhua Wu, Congcan Shi, Peng Chen, Yizhuo Xu, Xiaojun Chen, Manhui Chen, Yuxin Li, Chunze Yan, Yunsong Shi, Bin Su

Monitoring the position of orthopedic implants in vivo is paramount for enhancing postoperative rehabilitation. Traditional radiographic methods, although effective, pose inconveniences to patients in terms of specialized equipment requirements and delays in rehabilitation adjustment. Here, a nonradiographic design concept for real-time and precisely monitoring the position of in vivo orthopedic implants is presented. The monitoring system encompasses an external magnetic field, a three-dimensional (3D)-printed superparamagnetic intervertebral body fusion cage (SIBFC), and a magnetometer. The SIBFC with a polyetheretherketone framework and a superparamagnetic Fe3O4 component was integrally fabricated by the high-temperature selective laser sintering technology. Owing to the superparamagnetic component, the minor migration of SIBFC within the spine would cause the distribution change of the magnetic induction intensities, which can be monitored in real-time by the magnetometer no matter in the static states or dynamic bending motions. Besides horizontal migration, occurrences of intervertebral subsidence in the vertical plane of the vertebrae can also be effectively distinguished based on the obtained characteristic variations of magnetic induction intensities. This strategy exemplifies the potential of superparamagnetic Fe3O4 particles in equipping 3D-printed orthopedic implants with wireless monitoring capabilities, holding promise for aiding patients' rehabilitation.

在体内监测骨科植入物的位置对于加强术后康复至关重要。传统的放射成像方法虽然有效,但由于需要专业设备,给患者带来不便,并延误康复调整。这里介绍一种非射线照相设计理念,用于实时、精确地监测体内骨科植入物的位置。该监测系统包括一个外部磁场、一个三维(3D)打印的超顺磁性椎体间融合笼(SIBFC)和一个磁力计。SIBFC 采用高温选择性激光烧结技术整体制造,具有聚醚醚酮框架和超顺磁性 Fe3O4 成分。由于含有超顺磁性成分,SIBFC 在脊柱内的微小迁移会引起磁感应强度的分布变化,无论在静态还是在动态弯曲运动中,磁强计都能对其进行实时监测。除水平迁移外,椎体垂直面上发生的椎体间下沉也可根据获得的磁感应强度特征变化进行有效区分。这一策略体现了超顺磁性 Fe3O4 粒子在为 3D 打印骨科植入物配备无线监测功能方面的潜力,为帮助患者康复带来了希望。
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引用次数: 0
Lattice dynamics and thermoelectric properties of diamondoid materials 金刚石材料的晶格动力学和热电特性
Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2024-01-10 DOI: 10.1002/idm2.12134
Hongyao Xie, Li-Dong Zhao, Mercouri G. Kanatzidis

The diamondoid compounds are a large family of important semiconductors, which possess various unique transport properties and had been widely investigated in the fields of photoelectricity and nonlinear optics. For a significantly long period of time, diamondoid materials were not given much attention in the field of thermoelectricity. However, this changed when a series of diamondoid compounds showed a thermoelectric figure of merit (ZT) greater than 1.0. This discovery sparked considerable interest in further exploring the thermoelectric properties of diamondoid materials. This review aims to provide a comprehensive view of our current understanding of thermal and electronic transport in diamondoid materials and stimulate their development in thermoelectric applications. We present a collection of recent discoveries concerning the lattice dynamics and electronic structure of diamondoid materials. We review the underlying physics responsible for their unique electrical and phonon transport behaviors. Moreover, we provide insights into the advancements made in the field of thermoelectricity for diamondoid materials and the corresponding strategies employed to optimize their performance. Lastly, we emphasize the challenges that lie ahead and outline potential avenues for future research in the domain of diamondoid thermoelectric materials.

菱形化合物是一大类重要的半导体,具有各种独特的传输特性,在光电和非线性光学领域得到了广泛的研究。在相当长的一段时期内,类金刚石材料在热电领域并未受到重视。然而,当一系列类金刚石化合物显示热电功勋值(ZT)大于 1.0 时,这种情况发生了改变。这一发现激发了人们进一步探索类金刚石材料热电性能的浓厚兴趣。本综述旨在全面介绍我们目前对类钻石材料热传输和电子传输的理解,并促进其在热电应用领域的发展。我们介绍了有关类金刚石材料晶格动力学和电子结构的最新发现。我们回顾了导致其独特的电学和声子传输行为的基本物理学原理。此外,我们还深入探讨了金刚石类材料在热电领域取得的进展,以及为优化其性能而采用的相应策略。最后,我们强调了未来的挑战,并概述了金刚石类热电材料领域未来研究的潜在途径。
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引用次数: 0
Emerging advances in fluorescence imaging and phototherapy of arthritis 关节炎荧光成像和光疗的新进展
Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2023-12-16 DOI: 10.1002/idm2.12130
Xiaoxuan Wang, Jingying Dai, Cong Shao, Takashi Goto, Honglian Dai
Arthritis is a chronic disease whose etiology is difficult to pinpoint, and the difficulty of arthritis detection and subsequent treatment causes enormous distress to patients. In recent years, thanks to advances in medicine and detection, a variety of treatment modalities for arthritis have emerged. The combination of emerging detection technologies with different anti‐inflammatory medications and even advances in surgical techniques have all played a positive role in the treatment of arthritis. In the present work, we have collected relevant literature on fluorescence (FL) imaging and phototherapy of arthritis in recent years, intending to reveal the advantages and potential application value of FL imaging and phototherapy for researchers. Meanwhile, due to the shortcomings of FL imaging and phototherapy in the diagnosis and treatment of arthritis, we advocate overcoming these difficulties in future research.
关节炎是一种病因难以确定的慢性疾病,关节炎检测和后续治疗的困难给患者带来了巨大的困扰。近年来,随着医学和检测技术的进步,出现了多种治疗关节炎的方法。新兴检测技术与不同抗炎药物的结合,甚至外科技术的进步,都对关节炎的治疗起到了积极作用。在本研究中,我们收集了近年来有关关节炎荧光成像和光疗的相关文献,旨在为研究人员揭示荧光成像和光疗的优势和潜在应用价值。同时,鉴于荧光成像和光疗在关节炎诊断和治疗中存在的不足,我们主张在今后的研究中克服这些困难。
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引用次数: 0
Bicontinuous donor and acceptor fibril networks enable 19.2% efficiency pseudo‐bulk heterojunction organic solar cells 双连续供体和受体纤维网络可实现 19.2% 效率的伪大体积异质结有机太阳能电池
Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2023-12-03 DOI: 10.1002/idm2.12129
Jing Zhou, Donghui Li, Liang Wang, Xinying Zhang, Nan Deng, Chuanhang Guo, Chen Chen, Zirui Gan, Chenhao Liu, Wei Sun, Danjie Liu, Wei Li, Zhe Li, Kai Wang, Tao Wang
Realizing bicontinuous fibrillar charge transport networks in the photoactive layer has been considered a promising method to achieve high‐efficiency organic solar cells (OSCs); however, this has been rarely achieved due to the interference of molecular organization of donor and acceptor components during solution casting. In this contribution, the fibrillization of polymer donor PM6 and small molecular nonfullerene acceptor L8‐BO is realized with the assistance of conjugated polymer D18‐Cl. Atomic force microscopy and photo‐induced force microscopy reveal that PM6 and D18‐Cl co‐assemble into long and slender fibrils within wide blending ratios due to their high compatibility; in contrast, the fibrillization of L8‐BO can be encouraged with the incorporation of 1% D18‐Cl. By utilizing a pseudo‐bulk heterojunction (p‐BHJ) active layer fabricated by layer‐by‐layer deposition, the optimized PM6+20% D18‐Cl/L8‐BO+1% D18‐Cl OSCs obtain bicontinuous fibril networks, leading to enhanced exciton dissociation and charge transport processes and superior power conversion efficiency of 19.2% (certified 18.91%) compared to 18.8% of the PM6:D18‐Cl:L8‐BO ternary BHJ OSCs.
在光活性层中实现双连续纤维电荷传输网络被认为是实现高效有机太阳能电池(OSCs)的一种有前途的方法;然而,由于在溶液铸造过程中供体和受体组分的分子组织的干扰,这很少能实现。在这篇文章中,聚合物给体PM6和小分子非富勒烯受体L8‐BO在共轭聚合物D18‐Cl的帮助下实现了纤化。原子力显微镜和光诱导力显微镜显示,PM6和D18 - Cl由于其高相容性,在较宽的混合比例内共组装成细长的原纤维;相比之下,加入1%的D18‐Cl可以促进L8‐BO的成纤化。通过利用一层一层沉积制备的伪体异质结(p‐BHJ)有源层,优化后的PM6+20% D18‐Cl/L8‐BO+1% D18‐Cl OSCs获得双连续纤维网络,导致激子解离和电荷输运过程增强,功率转换效率为19.2%(认证为18.91%),而PM6:D18‐Cl:L8‐BO三段式BHJ OSCs的效率为18.8%。
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引用次数: 0
Outside Front Cover: Volume 2 Issue 5 封面外:第2卷第5期
Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2023-10-31 DOI: 10.1002/idm2.12125

Outside Front Cover: This work in doi:10.1002/idm2.12118 offers a holistic view of pathways for high-energy Li-S batteries under realistic conditions. Critical requirements for achieving high cell-level energy density for a Li-S cell are elaborated, including thick cathode, thin anode, and lean electrolyte, to pave the way for their practical applications in electric vehicles and smart grids.

封面外:doi:10.1002/idm2.12118中的这项工作提供了在现实条件下高能锂硫电池路径的整体视图。阐述了实现锂硫电池高电池级能量密度的关键要求,包括厚阴极、薄阳极和贫电解质,为其在电动汽车和智能电网中的实际应用铺平了道路。
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引用次数: 0
Three-dimensional multicellular biomaterial platforms for biomedical application 用于生物医学应用的三维多细胞生物材料平台
Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2023-10-31 DOI: 10.1002/idm2.12122
Jianxin Hao, Chen Qin, Chengtie Wu

The three-dimensional (3D) multicellular platforms prepared by cells or biomaterials have been widely applied in biomedical fields for the regeneration of complex tissues, the exploration of cell crosstalk, and the establishment of tissue physiological and pathological models. Compared with the traditional 2D culture methods, the 3D multicellular platforms are easier to adjust the components and structures of extracellular matrix (ECM) because of the synthesis of ECM by cells and the use of biomaterials. Moreover, the 3D multicellular platforms also can customize the cell distribution and precisely design micro and macro structures of the systems. Based on these typical advantages of 3D multicellular platforms and their increasingly important position in the biomedical field, this review summarizes the present 3D multicellular platforms. Herein, current 3D multicellular platforms are divided into two major types: scaffold-free and scaffold-based 3D multicellular platforms. The specific characteristics and applications of different types of 3D multicellular platforms are thoroughly introduced to help readers understand how different models affect and regulate cell behaviors and inspire researchers on how to select and design suitable 3D multicellular platforms according to different application scenarios.

由细胞或生物材料制备的三维(3D)多细胞平台已广泛应用于生物医学领域,用于复杂组织的再生、细胞串扰的探索以及组织生理病理模型的建立。与传统的2D培养方法相比,由于细胞合成细胞外基质和使用生物材料,3D多细胞平台更容易调整细胞外基质的成分和结构。此外,3D多细胞平台还可以定制细胞分布,精确设计系统的微观和宏观结构。基于三维多细胞平台的这些典型优势及其在生物医学领域日益重要的地位,本文对目前的三维多细胞系统平台进行了综述。本文将当前的三维多细胞平台分为两大类型:无支架和基于支架的三维多胞平台。深入介绍了不同类型的三维多细胞平台的具体特点和应用,帮助读者了解不同的模型如何影响和调节细胞行为,并启发研究人员如何根据不同的应用场景选择和设计合适的三维多胞平台。
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引用次数: 0
Inside Front Cover: Volume 2 Issue 5 封面内页:第2卷第5期
Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2023-10-31 DOI: 10.1002/idm2.12126

Inside Front Cover: In the review of doi:10.1002/idm2.12117, Chirality is a fundamental property observed in both living organisms and nature, which has demonstrated a preference for a specific type of chirality, leading to the selection of L-amino acids as the primary constituents of proteins, and D-sugars as the primary components of DNA and RNA. Hence, a more comprehensive investigation of the self-assembly of chirality at both the molecular and supramolecular scales could provide enhanced insights into biological systems, thereby facilitating breakthroughs in the development of novel materials.

封面内侧:在doi:10.1002/idm2.12117的综述中,手性是在生物体和自然界中观察到的一种基本性质,它表明了对特定类型手性的偏好,导致选择L-氨基酸作为蛋白质的主要成分,选择D-糖作为DNA和RNA的主要成分。因此,在分子和超分子尺度上对手性的自组装进行更全面的研究,可以增强对生物系统的了解,从而促进新材料开发的突破。
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引用次数: 0
Dual-mode smart flipping materials and devices for thermal management 用于热管理的双模智能翻转材料和设备
Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2023-10-31 DOI: 10.1002/idm2.12123
Gaoyang Kong, Jianing Xu, Wei Xie, Ya Sun, Yile Fan, Haoyu Wang, Hiroki Kondo, Han Zhou

Thermal management is of great significance for human activities. Attaining thermal comfort not only requires thermal control of building's macroenvironment, but also additionally personal thermal regulation. Radiative cooling technologies are anticipated to effectively lower building energy utilization and provide optimal thermal comfort for individuals in hot weather. Nevertheless, these static and single-purpose characteristics lack the ability to adjust to rapidly changing weather conditions, often leading to excessive cooling. To overcome this challenge, the emergence of dual-mode smart flipping technologies has provided a pathway for dynamically adjusting the heating or cooling of objects in response to fluctuations in ambient temperature. First, the underlying principles of dual-mode smart flipping are shown. Then the evolving materials and approaches of smart flipping are given an introduction to adapt to different environments under external stimuli, such as mechanical flipping, temperature, humidity, and so forth. Afterward, we present the recent applications of dual-mode smart flipping materials and devices in personal thermal management, thermoelectric generation, energy-saving buildings, and smart windows. Finally, the challenges and outlook of dual-mode smart flipping are presented and future directions are identified.

热管理对人类活动具有重要意义。实现热舒适不仅需要对建筑的宏观环境进行热控制,还需要额外的个人热调节。辐射冷却技术有望有效降低建筑能源利用率,并在炎热天气下为个人提供最佳的热舒适性。然而,这些静态和单一用途的特性缺乏适应快速变化的天气条件的能力,往往导致过度降温。为了克服这一挑战,双模智能翻转技术的出现为响应环境温度的波动动态调整物体的加热或冷却提供了一条途径。首先,介绍了双模智能翻转的基本原理。然后介绍了智能翻转的材料和方法,以适应机械翻转、温度、湿度等外部刺激下的不同环境。随后,我们介绍了双模智能翻转材料和设备在个人热管理、热电发电、节能建筑和智能窗户方面的最新应用。最后,提出了双模智能翻转的挑战和展望,并确定了未来的发展方向。
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引用次数: 0
Outside Back Cover: Volume 2 Issue 5 外封底:第2卷第5期
Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2023-10-31 DOI: 10.1002/idm2.12128

Outside Back Cover: AgIn5S8 is a promising semiconductor photocatalyst for efficient visible-light photocatalytic hydrogen evolution (PHE). In this review by X. Zheng et al. doi:10.1002/idm2.12120, the recent progress of AgIn5S8-based photocatalysts for PHE application are comprehensively discussed, the representative optimization strategies for PHE performance enhancement are summarized, including morphology control, cocatalyst loading, and heterojunction construction, and the current challenges and future perspectives are highlighted. The fundamental studies on AgIn5S8 photocatalyst are expected to stimulate research interest in solar-to-hydrogen and promote the development of advanced semiconductor photocatalyst.

外后盖:AgIn5S8是一种很有前途的半导体光催化剂,用于有效的可见光光催化析氢(PHE)。在X.Zheng等人的综述中,doi:10.1002/idm2.12120全面讨论了基于AgIn5S8的PHE应用光催化剂的最新进展,总结了提高PHE性能的代表性优化策略,包括形态控制、助催化剂负载和异质结构建,并强调了当前的挑战和未来的前景。AgIn5S8光催化剂的基础研究有望激发人们对太阳能制氢的研究兴趣,促进先进半导体光催化剂的发展。
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引用次数: 0
Inside Back Cover: Volume 2 Issue 5 封底:第2卷第5期
Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2023-10-31 DOI: 10.1002/idm2.12127

Inside Back Cover: This manuscript (DOI:10.1002/idm2.12119) describes the in-situ formation of hydrogel networks, which occurs under the regulation of inorganic particle hydration, resulting in hybrid composites for bone defect repair. The hierarchically porous structure enables cell and nutrient transfer, facilitating bone regeneration.

封底内侧:这篇手稿(DOI:10.1002/idm2.12119)描述了水凝胶网络的原位形成,这是在无机颗粒水合作用的调节下发生的,从而产生用于骨缺损修复的混合复合材料。分级多孔结构使细胞和营养物质能够转移,促进骨再生。
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引用次数: 0
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