Pub Date : 2025-09-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jhip.2025.09.003
Jatin Tekawade, Rohan Barse, Vijay Jagtap
Additive manufacturing has recently demonstrated significant progress in healthcare. Six-dimensional (6D) printing is an emerging field that holds great promise through the rapid, layer-by-layer creation of complex objects capable of changing over time in response to external stimuli, resulting in dynamic and adaptable products. 6D printing represents a superimposition of 4D and 5D printing, combining the stimuli-responsiveness of 4D printing with the structural robustness of 5D printing. It uniquely enables autonomous, adaptive drug delivery systems by utilizing smart materials such as shape-memory alloys, responsive polymers, and hydrogels that react to environmental triggers. This review explores the evolution, mechanisms, significance, and innovations of 6D printing, which has made notable strides toward patient-centered medical approaches. Future developments in 6D printing may involve the use of material panels that adapt to stimuli varying over time under physiological conditions, offering new possibilities for advanced medical applications and solutions.
{"title":"Holistic insights of 6D printing in healthcare","authors":"Jatin Tekawade, Rohan Barse, Vijay Jagtap","doi":"10.1016/j.jhip.2025.09.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhip.2025.09.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Additive manufacturing has recently demonstrated significant progress in healthcare. Six-dimensional (6D) printing is an emerging field that holds great promise through the rapid, layer-by-layer creation of complex objects capable of changing over time in response to external stimuli, resulting in dynamic and adaptable products. 6D printing represents a superimposition of 4D and 5D printing, combining the stimuli-responsiveness of 4D printing with the structural robustness of 5D printing. It uniquely enables autonomous, adaptive drug delivery systems by utilizing smart materials such as shape-memory alloys, responsive polymers, and hydrogels that react to environmental triggers. This review explores the evolution, mechanisms, significance, and innovations of 6D printing, which has made notable strides toward patient-centered medical approaches. Future developments in 6D printing may involve the use of material panels that adapt to stimuli varying over time under physiological conditions, offering new possibilities for advanced medical applications and solutions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100787,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Holistic Integrative Pharmacy","volume":"6 3","pages":"Pages 263-275"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145120857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jhip.2025.09.002
Xinxin Tan , Jiajia Gao , Chao Wang
Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is a severe adverse reaction caused by various drugs and their metabolites, with complex clinical manifestations, and severe cases may progress to acute liver failure (ALF) or even death. Currently, the pathogenesis of DILI has not been fully elucidated, and specific diagnostic indicators and effective therapeutic strategies are lacking, so it is crucial to deeply analyze its pathogenesis and develop precise intervention strategies. This review explores key pathogenic mechanisms in the development of DILI, with a focus on mitochondrial dysfunction, ferroptosis, immune responses and the gut-liver axis. It further systematically summarizes the clinical diagnostic approaches for DILI, including common diagnostic methods and potential biomarkers. Additionally, the review discusses therapeutic strategies for DILI, encompassing western medical treatments, ethnomedical treatments and non-pharmacological treatments. Although N-acetylcysteine (NAC) remains the FDA-approved standard treatment for acetaminophen (APAP) overdose, superior therapeutic options for DILI need to be explored urgently due to its therapeutic limitations and side effects. In the future, the prevention and treatment strategy of DILI will rely on deeper mechanistic investigations, development of novel biomarkers, and further exploration of multi-targeted traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) therapies.
{"title":"Review on clinical diagnosis, pathogenesis and therapeutic strategies of drug-induced liver injury","authors":"Xinxin Tan , Jiajia Gao , Chao Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jhip.2025.09.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhip.2025.09.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is a severe adverse reaction caused by various drugs and their metabolites, with complex clinical manifestations, and severe cases may progress to acute liver failure (ALF) or even death. Currently, the pathogenesis of DILI has not been fully elucidated, and specific diagnostic indicators and effective therapeutic strategies are lacking, so it is crucial to deeply analyze its pathogenesis and develop precise intervention strategies. This review explores key pathogenic mechanisms in the development of DILI, with a focus on mitochondrial dysfunction, ferroptosis, immune responses and the gut-liver axis. It further systematically summarizes the clinical diagnostic approaches for DILI, including common diagnostic methods and potential biomarkers. Additionally, the review discusses therapeutic strategies for DILI, encompassing western medical treatments, ethnomedical treatments and non-pharmacological treatments. Although N-acetylcysteine (NAC) remains the FDA-approved standard treatment for acetaminophen (APAP) overdose, superior therapeutic options for DILI need to be explored urgently due to its therapeutic limitations and side effects. In the future, the prevention and treatment strategy of DILI will rely on deeper mechanistic investigations, development of novel biomarkers, and further exploration of multi-targeted traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) therapies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100787,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Holistic Integrative Pharmacy","volume":"6 3","pages":"Pages 308-321"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145219993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jhip.2025.09.005
Jiaorong Zheng , Deti Peng , Zhigao Liao , Min Hong , Weiqu Yuan , Danping Huang
Objective
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive memory decline and cognitive dysfunction. The specific pathogenesis of AD remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the crucial genes and therapeutic small-molecule compounds in AD via integrated bioinformatics analysis, molecular docking, and in vitro verification.
Methods
The gene dataset GSE122063, including 12 samples from patients with AD and 11 non-demented control samples, was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The online tool GEO2R was used to analyze differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Functional enrichment analysis of the DEGs was performed using DAVID and ClueGo databases. A protein-protein interaction network was constructed using the STRING database and visualized in Cytoscape. Potential small-molecule compounds for AD therapy were screened using the Connectivity map database. The crucial genes in a rat model of AD were confirmed by RT-PCR. Molecular docking of the screened crucial genes and small-molecule compounds was further performed to identify potential therapeutic drugs for AD.
Results
A total of 1145 DEGs were identified, which were enriched in intracellular protein transport, cell cycle, establishment of protein localization to membrane, and so on. Eight hub genes, including RPS29, CREBBP, ANAPC10, ANAPC4, MAGOHB, TCEB2, RPL10A, and SEC61A1, were identified in the protein-protein interaction network. The MAPK signaling pathway was closely related to AD. Furthermore, increased expression of CREBBP was confirmed in the rat model of AD, and molecular docking revealed that CREBBP exhibited the strongest binding affinity with prochlorperazine.
Conclusion
CREBBP was identified as a crucial hub gene and might serve as a potential target for AD. Prochlorperazine, which exhibited strong binding to CREBBP, showed potential as a therapeutic drug in AD.
目的阿尔茨海默病（AD）是一种常见的神经退行性疾病，以进行性记忆衰退和认知功能障碍为特征。阿尔茨海默病的具体发病机制尚不清楚。本研究旨在通过综合生物信息学分析、分子对接和体外验证，探索AD的关键基因和治疗性小分子化合物。方法从gene Expression Omnibus （GEO）数据库中下载基因数据集GSE122063，包括12例AD患者样本和11例非痴呆对照样本。使用在线工具GEO2R分析差异表达基因（DEGs）。使用DAVID和ClueGo数据库进行deg的功能富集分析。利用STRING数据库构建蛋白-蛋白相互作用网络，并在Cytoscape中可视化。使用Connectivity map数据库筛选潜在的用于阿尔茨海默病治疗的小分子化合物。RT-PCR证实了大鼠AD模型中的关键基因。筛选的关键基因和小分子化合物的分子对接进一步确定潜在的阿尔茨海默病治疗药物。结果共鉴定出1145个基因，富集于细胞内蛋白转运、细胞周期、蛋白向膜定位等方面。在蛋白相互作用网络中鉴定出8个枢纽基因，包括RPS29、CREBBP、ANAPC10、ANAPC4、MAGOHB、TCEB2、RPL10A和SEC61A1。MAPK信号通路与AD密切相关。此外，在AD大鼠模型中证实CREBBP表达增加，分子对接显示CREBBP与丙氯拉嗪的结合亲和力最强。结论crebbp是一个重要的中枢基因，可能是AD的潜在靶点。丙氯哌嗪与CREBBP结合较强，具有治疗AD的潜力。
{"title":"Potential small-molecule compounds and targets for Alzheimer's disease: Integrating bioinformatics analysis and in vitro verification","authors":"Jiaorong Zheng , Deti Peng , Zhigao Liao , Min Hong , Weiqu Yuan , Danping Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.jhip.2025.09.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhip.2025.09.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive memory decline and cognitive dysfunction. The specific pathogenesis of AD remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the crucial genes and therapeutic small-molecule compounds in AD via integrated bioinformatics analysis, molecular docking, and <em>in vitro</em> verification.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The gene dataset GSE122063, including 12 samples from patients with AD and 11 non-demented control samples, was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The online tool GEO2R was used to analyze differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Functional enrichment analysis of the DEGs was performed using DAVID and ClueGo databases. A protein-protein interaction network was constructed using the STRING database and visualized in Cytoscape. Potential small-molecule compounds for AD therapy were screened using the Connectivity map database. The crucial genes in a rat model of AD were confirmed by RT-PCR. Molecular docking of the screened crucial genes and small-molecule compounds was further performed to identify potential therapeutic drugs for AD.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 1145 DEGs were identified, which were enriched in intracellular protein transport, cell cycle, establishment of protein localization to membrane, and so on. Eight hub genes, including <em>RPS29</em>, <em>CREBBP</em>, <em>ANAPC10</em>, <em>ANAPC4</em>, <em>MAGOHB</em>, <em>TCEB2</em>, <em>RPL10A</em>, and <em>SEC61A1</em>, were identified in the protein-protein interaction network. The MAPK signaling pathway was closely related to AD. Furthermore, increased expression of <em>CREBBP</em> was confirmed in the rat model of AD, and molecular docking revealed that CREBBP exhibited the strongest binding affinity with prochlorperazine.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div><em>CREBBP</em> was identified as a crucial hub gene and might serve as a potential target for AD. Prochlorperazine, which exhibited strong binding to CREBBP, showed potential as a therapeutic drug in AD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100787,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Holistic Integrative Pharmacy","volume":"6 3","pages":"Pages 324-332"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145219992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-05DOI: 10.1016/j.jhip.2025.07.001
Suchhanda Nandi, Golak Majumdar, Shyamapada Mandal
Aloe vera (Av) is revered in Ayurveda as the "wand of heaven" or "heaven's blessing" and precisely the "silent healer". This herbaceous plant belongs to Asphodelaceae family, previously classified as Liliaceae. In Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), Av is acknowledged for its abundant bioactive substances that have considerable therapeutic value. Therefore, the objective of this review is to analyze Av's bioactive compounds, highlighting its medicinal potential in drug development. An extensive literature review is performed utilizing databases such as PubMed, Web of Science, SpringerLink, and more until October 2024. The research investigates the bioactive compounds of Av and their in vivo, in vitro, and in silico effects on infections (bacterial, fungal, viral, and protozoan infections), along with their medicinal properties and significance in drug development. The most investigated active constituents of Av are aloin, emodin, acemannan, and aloesin. Av contains more than 100 potentially active components from six different classes: anthraquinone, chromone, phenylpropanoids, coumarins, phenylpyrone, and phytosterols, focusing on its anti-infective, anti-cancer, anti-diabetic, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, immuno-modulatory activity and impact on neural diseases as well, based on peer-reviewed scientific data. By deepening the understanding of Av's medicinal value, this study may provide a reference for its future research and the development of new bioactive drug molecules from Av.
芦荟（Av）在阿育吠陀中被尊为“天堂的魔杖”或“天堂的祝福”，确切地说是“沉默的治疗师”。这种草本植物属于藤科，以前归类为百合科。在传统中医（TCM）中，Av因其丰富的生物活性物质而被公认具有相当的治疗价值。因此，本文对其生物活性成分进行分析，以突出其在药物开发中的应用潜力。在2024年10月之前，将利用PubMed、Web of Science、SpringerLink等数据库进行广泛的文献综述。本研究调查了病毒的生物活性化合物及其体内、体外和体内对感染（细菌、真菌、病毒和原生动物感染）的影响，以及它们的药用特性和在药物开发中的意义。研究最多的Av活性成分是芦荟素，大黄素，紫丁香聚糖和芦荟素。Av含有来自6个不同类别的100多种潜在活性成分：蒽醌、色素、苯丙素、香豆素、苯吡咯酮和植物甾醇，重点是其抗感染、抗癌、抗糖尿病、抗氧化、抗炎、免疫调节活性以及对神经疾病的影响，这是基于同行评审的科学数据。通过加深对Av药用价值的认识，本研究可为Av的进一步研究和从Av中开发新的生物活性药物分子提供参考。
{"title":"Phytochemical profiles, biological activities and medicinal importance of Aloe vera L.: A review","authors":"Suchhanda Nandi, Golak Majumdar, Shyamapada Mandal","doi":"10.1016/j.jhip.2025.07.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhip.2025.07.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Aloe vera</em> (Av) is revered in Ayurveda as the \"wand of heaven\" or \"heaven's blessing\" and precisely the \"silent healer\". This herbaceous plant belongs to Asphodelaceae family, previously classified as Liliaceae. In Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), Av is acknowledged for its abundant bioactive substances that have considerable therapeutic value. Therefore, the objective of this review is to analyze Av's bioactive compounds, highlighting its medicinal potential in drug development. An extensive literature review is performed utilizing databases such as PubMed, Web of Science, SpringerLink, and more until October 2024. The research investigates the bioactive compounds of Av and their <em>in vivo</em>, <em>in vitro</em>, and <em>in silico</em> effects on infections (bacterial, fungal, viral, and protozoan infections), along with their medicinal properties and significance in drug development. The most investigated active constituents of Av are aloin, emodin, acemannan, and aloesin. Av contains more than 100 potentially active components from six different classes: anthraquinone, chromone, phenylpropanoids, coumarins, phenylpyrone, and phytosterols, focusing on its anti-infective, anti-cancer, anti-diabetic, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, immuno-modulatory activity and impact on neural diseases as well, based on peer-reviewed scientific data. By deepening the understanding of Av's medicinal value, this study may provide a reference for its future research and the development of new bioactive drug molecules from Av.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100787,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Holistic Integrative Pharmacy","volume":"6 3","pages":"Pages 251-262"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144771652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jhip.2025.05.002
Zhanhao Ye , Dongmin Cao , Wenxing Ao , Ting Li , Minghua Xian , Shumei Wang
Objective
Gastrointestinal complications (GITC) are a major cause of increased morbidity and mortality in stroke patients, significantly impairing recovery by triggering systemic inflammation and hindering brain healing. Raw Rhubarb (RR) is a commonly used traditional Chinese medicine with significant potential in treating GITC of ischemic stroke (IS). However, its therapeutic mechanisms remain largely unknown. This study aims to investigate the therapeutic effects and potential mechanisms of RR on GITC in IS through an integrated analysis of gut microbiota, metabolomics, and network pharmacology.
Methods
Male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) to induce IS. The rats were divided into six groups: sham, model, nimodipine-treated, and three different dose groups for RR. Neuroprotective efficacy was assessed using infarct size measurement, neurological scoring, and histopathological analysis. Gut microbiota composition was analyzed through 16S rRNA gene sequencing, while metabolomic profiling of brain and colon tissues was performed using UPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS/MS. Multivariate statistical methods were employed to identify the key metabolites and pathways affected by RR treatment. Correlation analysis was conducted to establish links between gut microbiota alterations and differential metabolites. Additionally, network pharmacology, molecular docking analysis, and Western blot assays were utilized to explore the molecular mechanisms underlying RR's treatment of GITC in IS.
Results
RR showed significant neuroprotective effects, reducing infarct volume, improving neurological scores, and restoring intestinal function compared to the model group. In addition, gut microbiota analysis revealed that RR administration reversed gut microbiota dysbiosis in MCAO/R rats by increasing the abundance of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus while decreasing the abundance of Escherichia-Shigella. Metabolomics analysis indicated that RR reversed the metabolic disturbances in MCAO/R rats by modulating arachidonic acid (AA) metabolism. Correlation analysis showed that AA and its metabolites, such as PGE2, were closely associated with Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus. Combining metabolomics, network pharmacology, and molecular docking analysis suggested that RR might regulate AA metabolism through the PI3K/mTOR signaling pathway to treat GITC in IS. Finally, Western blot validation confirmed that RR modulates the PI3K/mTOR signaling pathway.
Conclusion
These findings indicate that RR holds significant promise as a therapeutic strategy for addressing GITC of IS. The protective effects mediated by RR are associated with the improvement of gut microbiota dysbiosis and metabolic disturbances.
{"title":"Therapeutic effects of raw rhubarb on gastrointestinal complications in ischemic stroke: An integrated analysis of gut microbiota, metabolomics, and network pharmacology","authors":"Zhanhao Ye , Dongmin Cao , Wenxing Ao , Ting Li , Minghua Xian , Shumei Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jhip.2025.05.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhip.2025.05.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Gastrointestinal complications (GITC) are a major cause of increased morbidity and mortality in stroke patients, significantly impairing recovery by triggering systemic inflammation and hindering brain healing. Raw Rhubarb (RR) is a commonly used traditional Chinese medicine with significant potential in treating GITC of ischemic stroke (IS). However, its therapeutic mechanisms remain largely unknown. This study aims to investigate the therapeutic effects and potential mechanisms of RR on GITC in IS through an integrated analysis of gut microbiota, metabolomics, and network pharmacology.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) to induce IS. The rats were divided into six groups: sham, model, nimodipine-treated, and three different dose groups for RR. Neuroprotective efficacy was assessed using infarct size measurement, neurological scoring, and histopathological analysis. Gut microbiota composition was analyzed through 16S rRNA gene sequencing, while metabolomic profiling of brain and colon tissues was performed using UPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS/MS. Multivariate statistical methods were employed to identify the key metabolites and pathways affected by RR treatment. Correlation analysis was conducted to establish links between gut microbiota alterations and differential metabolites. Additionally, network pharmacology, molecular docking analysis, and Western blot assays were utilized to explore the molecular mechanisms underlying RR's treatment of GITC in IS.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>RR showed significant neuroprotective effects, reducing infarct volume, improving neurological scores, and restoring intestinal function compared to the model group. In addition, gut microbiota analysis revealed that RR administration reversed gut microbiota dysbiosis in MCAO/R rats by increasing the abundance of <em>Bifidobacterium</em> and <em>Lactobacillus</em> while decreasing the abundance of <em>Escherichia-Shigella</em>. Metabolomics analysis indicated that RR reversed the metabolic disturbances in MCAO/R rats by modulating arachidonic acid (AA) metabolism. Correlation analysis showed that AA and its metabolites, such as PGE2, were closely associated with <em>Bifidobacterium</em> and <em>Lactobacillus</em>. Combining metabolomics, network pharmacology, and molecular docking analysis suggested that RR might regulate AA metabolism through the PI3K/mTOR signaling pathway to treat GITC in IS. Finally, Western blot validation confirmed that RR modulates the PI3K/mTOR signaling pathway.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>These findings indicate that RR holds significant promise as a therapeutic strategy for addressing GITC of IS. The protective effects mediated by RR are associated with the improvement of gut microbiota dysbiosis and metabolic disturbances.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100787,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Holistic Integrative Pharmacy","volume":"6 2","pages":"Pages 136-149"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144178292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jhip.2025.06.005
Isuru Sakbo Uyangoda , Mayuri Munasinghe
Ageratum conyzoides L., Artocarpus gomezianus Wall. ex Trécul, Euphorbia hirta L., Plectranthus zeylanicus Benth., and Piper sarmentosum Roxb. have long been utilized in traditional medical practices, particularly across South and Southeast Asia. Despite their significant ethnopharmacological potential to treat various disorders, these plants remain underutilized in Sri Lanka. This review aims to evaluate the habit, propagation, ethnomedicinal uses, phytochemistry, and pharmacological properties of these five underutilized medicinal plants to promote their sustainable utilization in the herbal products industry of Sri Lanka. The plants were selected based on data from pharmacopeias and interviews with traditional medical practitioners. Scientific information on their ethnomedicinal uses, phytochemical compositions, and pharmacological properties was gathered from key scientific databases, including PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar, as well as web references and books. This information was analyzed to assess the factors contributing to their underutilization and their potential for novel herbal product development in Sri Lanka. All five plants possess a wide range of ethnomedicinal uses and are rich in bioactive compounds, including alkaloids, terpenoids, stilbenoids, and polyphenolic compounds. These bioactive compounds have been scientifically validated for their pharmacological properties, making these plants strong candidates for the development of novel pharmaceuticals and cosmeceuticals. However, their full potential remains largely untapped, primarily due to the lack of detailed phytochemical characterization and bioactive studies specific to Sri Lanka. Further preclinical and clinical research is needed to evaluate their therapeutic outcomes within the local context. The findings of this scoping review will guide future research and encourage broader use of these underutilized plants. Promoting their use will provide a sustainable alternative to the overexploitation of commonly used medicinal plants and support effective biodiversity conservation and resource management.
长尾叶柱，长尾叶柱。extracul, Euphorbia hirta L., Plectranthus zeylanicus Benth。Piper sarmentosum Roxb。长期以来一直用于传统医疗实践，特别是在南亚和东南亚。尽管这些植物具有治疗各种疾病的重大民族药理学潜力，但在斯里兰卡仍未得到充分利用。本综述旨在评估这五种未充分利用的药用植物的习性，繁殖，民族医药用途，植物化学和药理学特性，以促进其在斯里兰卡草药产品工业中的可持续利用。这些植物是根据药典的数据和对传统医生的采访选择的。从PubMed、Scopus、ScienceDirect和b谷歌Scholar等关键科学数据库以及网络参考文献和书籍中收集了有关其民族医学用途、植物化学成分和药理特性的科学信息。对这些信息进行了分析，以评估导致其未充分利用的因素及其在斯里兰卡开发新型草药产品的潜力。这五种植物都具有广泛的民族医药用途，并富含生物活性化合物，包括生物碱、萜类、苯乙烯类和多酚类化合物。这些生物活性化合物的药理特性已经过科学验证，使这些植物成为开发新药和药妆品的有力候选者。然而，它们的全部潜力在很大程度上仍未得到充分开发，这主要是由于缺乏详细的植物化学特性和斯里兰卡特有的生物活性研究。需要进一步的临床前和临床研究来评估它们在当地的治疗效果。这一范围审查的结果将指导未来的研究，并鼓励更广泛地利用这些未充分利用的植物。促进其利用将为常用药用植物的过度开发提供可持续的替代方案，并支持有效的生物多样性保护和资源管理。
{"title":"A scoping review of five selected underutilized medicinal plants of Sri Lanka: Focusing on ethnobotany, phytochemistry and bioactivities, and evaluation of their potential for novel herbal product development","authors":"Isuru Sakbo Uyangoda , Mayuri Munasinghe","doi":"10.1016/j.jhip.2025.06.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhip.2025.06.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Ageratum conyzoides</em> L., <em>Artocarpus gomezianus</em> Wall. ex Trécul, <em>Euphorbia hirta</em> L., <em>Plectranthus zeylanicus</em> Benth., and <em>Piper sarmentosum</em> Roxb. have long been utilized in traditional medical practices, particularly across South and Southeast Asia. Despite their significant ethnopharmacological potential to treat various disorders, these plants remain underutilized in Sri Lanka. This review aims to evaluate the habit, propagation, ethnomedicinal uses, phytochemistry, and pharmacological properties of these five underutilized medicinal plants to promote their sustainable utilization in the herbal products industry of Sri Lanka. The plants were selected based on data from pharmacopeias and interviews with traditional medical practitioners. Scientific information on their ethnomedicinal uses, phytochemical compositions, and pharmacological properties was gathered from key scientific databases, including PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar, as well as web references and books. This information was analyzed to assess the factors contributing to their underutilization and their potential for novel herbal product development in Sri Lanka. All five plants possess a wide range of ethnomedicinal uses and are rich in bioactive compounds, including alkaloids, terpenoids, stilbenoids, and polyphenolic compounds. These bioactive compounds have been scientifically validated for their pharmacological properties, making these plants strong candidates for the development of novel pharmaceuticals and cosmeceuticals. However, their full potential remains largely untapped, primarily due to the lack of detailed phytochemical characterization and bioactive studies specific to Sri Lanka. Further preclinical and clinical research is needed to evaluate their therapeutic outcomes within the local context. The findings of this scoping review will guide future research and encourage broader use of these underutilized plants. Promoting their use will provide a sustainable alternative to the overexploitation of commonly used medicinal plants and support effective biodiversity conservation and resource management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100787,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Holistic Integrative Pharmacy","volume":"6 2","pages":"Pages 209-223"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144548349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jhip.2025.04.001
Gan Gao , Zhihui Xie , Hongliang Huang
Cellular senescence driven by mitochondrial dysfunction is a key contributor to ageing and related diseases. The decline in the quality and quantity of healthy mitochondria with ageing disrupts energy production, redox homeostasis, and intracellular signaling. Mitochondrial quality control (MQC) is a cellular self-repair mechanism that protects mitochondrial function and maintains a healthy mitochondrial network. Targeted regulation of MQC is expected to moderate the development of cellular senescence and related diseases. We explored the impact of mitochondrial function on cell fate at the molecular and organelle levels, analyzed the role of mitochondria-targeted interventions for delaying cellular senescence and ameliorating age-related diseases, and pointed out the idea of increasing the critical level of healthy mitochondria to cope with internal and external stressful stimuli and to improve the ability of self-repairing by exercising and protecting mitochondria in the long term.
{"title":"Mitochondrial function maintenance and mitochondrial training in ageing and related diseases","authors":"Gan Gao , Zhihui Xie , Hongliang Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.jhip.2025.04.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhip.2025.04.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cellular senescence driven by mitochondrial dysfunction is a key contributor to ageing and related diseases. The decline in the quality and quantity of healthy mitochondria with ageing disrupts energy production, redox homeostasis, and intracellular signaling. Mitochondrial quality control (MQC) is a cellular self-repair mechanism that protects mitochondrial function and maintains a healthy mitochondrial network. Targeted regulation of MQC is expected to moderate the development of cellular senescence and related diseases. We explored the impact of mitochondrial function on cell fate at the molecular and organelle levels, analyzed the role of mitochondria-targeted interventions for delaying cellular senescence and ameliorating age-related diseases, and pointed out the idea of increasing the critical level of healthy mitochondria to cope with internal and external stressful stimuli and to improve the ability of self-repairing by exercising and protecting mitochondria in the long term.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100787,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Holistic Integrative Pharmacy","volume":"6 2","pages":"Pages 159-174"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144298541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jhip.2025.06.004
Haoqiang Hu , Yunjun Chen , Hongtao Xu , Wei Hou
Multidrug resistance (MDR) is a significant challenge in the cancer therapy, with mechanisms primarily involving increased drug efflux mediated by ABC transporters, leading to reduced intracellular drug concentrations. In recent years, various selenium-containing compounds have demonstrated extensive biological activities, including chemoprevention, antioxidant or pro-oxidant effects, and regulation of the nervous and immune system activities. One of the most prominent physiological characteristics of selenium is its antioxidant capacity, which can regulate the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the body, making it a promising group for reversing MDR activity. Furthermore, research has shown that natural selenium compounds, including selenate, selenite, selenomethionine, and selenocystein, can inhibit the activity of drug resistance proteins and increase the intracellular accumulation of chemotherapeutic drugs by regulating intracellular ROS levels. For instance, sodium selenite has been shown to markedly increase the sensitivity of drug-resistant cell lines to doxorubicin, exhibiting significant antitumor efficacy and potential for reversing MDR. These findings suggest that selenium compounds hold considerable promise in addressing multidrug resistance. Consequently, this review focuses on elucidating the mechanisms of MDR and the chemical properties of selenium compounds, with particular emphasis on their activities in reversing MDR, thereby providing novel strategies for overcoming MDR in tumor cells.
{"title":"Research advances in the role of selenium in reversing tumor multidrug resistance","authors":"Haoqiang Hu , Yunjun Chen , Hongtao Xu , Wei Hou","doi":"10.1016/j.jhip.2025.06.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhip.2025.06.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Multidrug resistance (MDR) is a significant challenge in the cancer therapy, with mechanisms primarily involving increased drug efflux mediated by ABC transporters, leading to reduced intracellular drug concentrations. In recent years, various selenium-containing compounds have demonstrated extensive biological activities, including chemoprevention, antioxidant or pro-oxidant effects, and regulation of the nervous and immune system activities. One of the most prominent physiological characteristics of selenium is its antioxidant capacity, which can regulate the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the body, making it a promising group for reversing MDR activity. Furthermore, research has shown that natural selenium compounds, including selenate, selenite, selenomethionine, and selenocystein, can inhibit the activity of drug resistance proteins and increase the intracellular accumulation of chemotherapeutic drugs by regulating intracellular ROS levels. For instance, sodium selenite has been shown to markedly increase the sensitivity of drug-resistant cell lines to doxorubicin, exhibiting significant antitumor efficacy and potential for reversing MDR. These findings suggest that selenium compounds hold considerable promise in addressing multidrug resistance. Consequently, this review focuses on elucidating the mechanisms of MDR and the chemical properties of selenium compounds, with particular emphasis on their activities in reversing MDR, thereby providing novel strategies for overcoming MDR in tumor cells.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100787,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Holistic Integrative Pharmacy","volume":"6 2","pages":"Pages 184-194"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144490083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Skin diseases and chronic wounds are health problems that require solutions for health systems due to their high costs and difficulties in effective and rapid treatment. Hydroxycinnamic acid and its derivatives are powerful antioxidant molecules with widespread applications in medicine, cosmetics, and food industry. In this study, p-hydroxycinnamic acid was used as a potent agent for the management of skin diseases and other disorders.
Method
Herein, sodium alginate and hydroxypropylmethylcellulose-based films loaded with p-hydroxycinnamic acid at various concentrations were prepared by solvent-casting method and characterized in terms of mechanical, physicochemical, bioadhesive properties, and in vitro release kinetic modelling.
Results
The masses of the films were found to be between 16.933 ± 1.108 mg and 15.200 ± 0.432 mg and thicknesses between 135 ± 4 μm and 163 ± 6 μm. F1 formulation with higher sodium alginate concentration exhibited higher moisture absorption and moisture loss percentages (18.373% ± 2.610% and 8.281% ± 1.834%). In terms of water absorption, it was observed that F3 had up to 100% and F1 had the lowest absorption capacity. However, F1 degraded in a shorter time compared to other films. In terms of mechanical properties, F1 has shown that it has higher tensile strength, reaches 100% by providing continuous release with in vitro release studies, and has the highest bioadhesion. In addition, as a result of FTIR analysis and ex vivo permeation and penetration studies, the formulation F1 proved that it is suitable for dermal applications.
Conclusion
The developed formulations exhibited desired dermal film properties, making it a promising treatment option for dermal applications.
{"title":"Development and ex vivo / in vitro evaluation of sodium alginate/ hydroxypropyl methylcellulose films for dermal and/or transdermal delivery of p-hydroxycinnamic acid","authors":"Ayşe Pınar Yağcılar , Gökçe Karaotmarlı Güven , Emre Şefik Çağlar , Neslihan Üstündağ Okur , Panoraia I. Siafaka","doi":"10.1016/j.jhip.2025.06.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhip.2025.06.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Skin diseases and chronic wounds are health problems that require solutions for health systems due to their high costs and difficulties in effective and rapid treatment. Hydroxycinnamic acid and its derivatives are powerful antioxidant molecules with widespread applications in medicine, cosmetics, and food industry. In this study, <em>p</em>-hydroxycinnamic acid was used as a potent agent for the management of skin diseases and other disorders.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Herein, sodium alginate and hydroxypropylmethylcellulose-based films loaded with <em>p</em>-hydroxycinnamic acid at various concentrations were prepared by solvent-casting method and characterized in terms of mechanical, physicochemical, bioadhesive properties, and <em>in vitro</em> release kinetic modelling.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The masses of the films were found to be between 16.933 ± 1.108 mg and 15.200 ± 0.432 mg and thicknesses between 135 ± 4 μm and 163 ± 6 μm. F1 formulation with higher sodium alginate concentration exhibited higher moisture absorption and moisture loss percentages (18.373% ± 2.610% and 8.281% ± 1.834%). In terms of water absorption, it was observed that F3 had up to 100% and F1 had the lowest absorption capacity. However, F1 degraded in a shorter time compared to other films. In terms of mechanical properties, F1 has shown that it has higher tensile strength, reaches 100% by providing continuous release with <em>in vitro</em> release studies, and has the highest bioadhesion. In addition, as a result of FTIR analysis and <em>ex vivo</em> permeation and penetration studies, the formulation F1 proved that it is suitable for dermal applications.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The developed formulations exhibited desired dermal film properties, making it a promising treatment option for dermal applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100787,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Holistic Integrative Pharmacy","volume":"6 2","pages":"Pages 175-183"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144490077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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