Nano TransMed最新文献

Maxillofacial bone defects, arising from congenital malformations, tumors, infections, and traumas, represent a common clinical condition that impairs patients' appearance, speech, and motor functions. Calcium phosphate nanoceramics, which bear a chemical composition similar to autologous bone, demonstrate strong biocompatibility and osteoconductivity, making them an extensively applied material in bone defect repairing. Notably, these nanoceramics exhibit inherent osteoinductive properties ，which can stimulate osteogenesis at non-osseous sites ，without the need for additional cells or growth factors， these aspects further expand their application in bone repair. Nevertheless, the precise osteoinductive mechanism of calcium phosphate nanoceramics remains elusive, and differences in vivo individual persist, thereby academic communities need to resolve the pressing issues that restrict their use. This paper reviews the advancements in research on the properties of calcium phosphate nanoceramics and the factors affecting the biological process of bone formation, aiming to provide new insights for the treatment of maxillofacial bone defects.

Nanozymes exhibit immense potential and promising prospects in the realm of diagnostic imaging and tumor therapy, owing to their inherent physicochemical properties and enzymatic activities. With the further development and application of nanotechnology, nanozymes are expected to become an important tool in the field of medicine, providing new solutions for disease diagnosis and treatment. This review provides an overview of recent studies over the past five years on the application of nanozymes capable of responding to the tumor microenvironment (TME) in multimodal imaging, with a focus on hypoxia, acid pH, excess GSH and ROS. In addition, we present the current status of the development of several common multimodal imaging and related contrast agents, such as MRI/CT, MRI/PET, MRI/SPECT, PET/CT. Moreover, some thoughts on the challenges, future development, and clinical translation of tumor microenvironment-responsive nanozymes in the field of multimodal imaging are shared. This review aims to provide an up-to-date theranostic nanomedicine reference for those who focus on related fields, promote the progress of this interdisciplinary subject, and accelerate clinical translation.

Background

Delayed wound healing brings additional physical, mental, and financial burdens. Microneedles (MNs) are a novel dressing form and can incorporate drug delivery systems. Quercetin is known for its remarkable antioxidant capacity and may have a distinctive effect on wound healing.

Methods

We designed and constructed gelatin methacryloyl (GelMa) MNs carrying Quercetin (Q-MNs). In vitro, the physical properties, cell safety, cell migration, angiogenesis, collagen formation, and oxidative stress levels, were performed to characterize Q-MNs. In vivo, the full-thickness skin wound models were established to evaluate the re-epithelialization and oxidative stress impact of the control, MN, and Q-MN groups.

Results

The Q-MNs were mechanically strong enough to penetrate the skin for sustained drug delivery and possessed good biocompatibility. Moreover, the Q-MNs evidently facilitated wound healing both in vitro and in vivo, and promoted collagen formation and neo-angiogenesis, and the reduction of oxidative stress levels.

Conclusions

The Q-MNs could motivate wound healing with enhanced collagen formation and vascularization and decreased oxidative stress levels, thus providing a feasible strategy for wound healing.

The gastrointestinal system, often regarded as the 'second brain of humanity,' maintains a profound connection with the cerebral realm. Unlocking the intricate metabolic pathways of gut microorganisms is paramount in the treatment of cerebral ailments. This review primarily focuses on biomimetic precision nanocarriers, harnessing metabolites derived from the gut microbiota, to target brain disorders. Elaborating on the constituents, it illuminates the unique interplay between metabolites originating from the gut microbiota and the cerebral domain. Moreover, the review underscores the symbiotic relationship between nanocarriers fashioned from gut microbiota-derived metabolites and the augmentation of cerebral well-being. Offering a comprehensive outlook, this review sheds light on recent applications, challenges, and future prospects of nanocarriers rooted in metabolites derived from the gut microbiota across a spectrum of disease treatments. It presents an expansive perspective on the attributes of nanocarriers engineered from gut microbiota-derived metabolites, facilitating a deeper understanding of the intricate nexus between these metabolites and cerebral disorders.

Tumor immunotherapy represents an intricate approach to combat tumors by modifying the immune microenvironment within the body. Nevertheless, the limited success rate and potential induction of systemic toxic reactions associated with immunotherapy introduce uncertainty regarding its therapeutic effectiveness. Nanoparticles (NPs) exhibit multifaceted applications as therapeutic and diagnostic tools, enabling precise delivery of various immunotherapeutic agents and monitoring of tissue cellular responses. These capabilities facilitate the dynamic assessment of factors influencing immune activity, thereby optimizing future treatment strategies. The utilization of multimodal anti-tumor therapies has paved the way for the induction of potent immune responses, while simultaneously minimizing adverse effects and facilitating the monitoring of immune activities.This review aims to provide an overview of this emerging field and highlight new technologies for next-generation immunotherapy. The current therapeutic approaches are introduced, and the mechanism of action of nanomaterials in combination with thermotherapy to stimulate systemic immune responses is explored. Furthermore, recent advancements in synergistic immunotherapy involving photothermal therapy (PPT) and magnetic hyperthermia therapy (MHT) for tumor treatment are highlighted, summarized, and extensively discussed.

Hyperbolic shear polaritons recently emerge with widespread attention as a new form of polariton modes with broken symmetry due to shear lattices. Herein, the generation mechanism of hyperbolic shear polaritons is discussed in detail. The exotic anisotropic nanophotonic properties of hyperbolic shear polaritons as well as their potential applications (e.g., ultra-sensitive biomedical sensor, enhancing the near-field thermal radiation and the photonic spin Hall effect) are reviewed. Some existing issues and potential interesting directions for hyperbolic shear polaritons are outlined. This work could inspire more interest in anisotropic two-dimensional crystals and spur the quick generation of new photonic devices based on hyperbolic polaritons.

Nanomedicine becomes a key player especially as next generation medicine. Antibody-conjugated nanomedicine could significantly upgrade the treatment and expand application areas. However, there are extensive challenges of manufacturing those formulations as a final drug product. Here we provided the general technical guidance from the initial formulation construction including antibody conjugation to the downstream formulation development. We hope this technical note can help accelerate the translation of productizing the antibody-conjugated nanomedicines.

Aims

Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) had been widely used in nerve tissue engineering. However, the low cell survival and invalid differentiation were urgent problems to be solved for cell-based therapy. Platelet lysate (PL) had attracted attentions for its good biocompatibility, low side effects and abundant growth factors. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effect and mechanism of PL on the proliferation and angiogenesis of DPSCs.

Materials and methods

In our study, PL was prepared by repeated freeze-thaw methods. The effect of PL on the viability of DPSCs was screened by the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) and Live/Dead assays. Then the store-operated Ca²⁺ entry (SOCE) agonist endothelin-1 (ET-1) and inhibitor 2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borate (2-APB) were used to clarify the biological functions of PL on DPSCs. We detected the mitosis of DPSCs by KI67 immunofluorescence staining. Moreover, Ca²⁺ influx in DPSCs was evaluated by fluorescence microscopy and a flow cytometry. The expression of p-SRC, VEGFA and CD31 as well as the number of formed tubules in each group were investigated, so as to further reveal the influence of PL on the DPSCs angiogenic activity.

Results

As for CCK-8 and Live/Dead assays, the results indicated the 0.5% concentration of PL was better than that of 20 ng/ml bFGF and 10% FBS in promoting cell survival within 24 h. KI67 staining showed that 0.5% PL promoted SOCE and cell proliferation. The expression levels of SRC phosphorylation (p-SRC) were increased in the 0.5% PL and ET-1 + 0.5% PL groups, as well as the expressions of endothelial markers CD31 and VEGFA were also increased in the ET-1, 0.5% PL and ET-1 + 0.5% PL groups. However, CD31 and VEGFA were not detected in 2-APB and 2-APB + 0.5% PL groups. After angiogenesis induction, capillary-like structures were observed in ET-1, 0.5% PL and ET-1 + 0.5% PL groups, whereas no vascular structures were observed in 2-APB and 2-APB + 0.5% PL groups.

Conclusion

Our results indicated that PL promoted the proliferation and vessel-formation of DPSCs via the activation of SOCE and the upregulation of p-SRC and VEGFA expressions, respectively. PL might act as a promising cell supplement in DPSCs survival and differentiation, furtherly applied for the repair and regeneration of peripheral nerve injury.