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Twitter & world literature: The development of hashtag communities as a global writing practice 推特与世界文学:作为全球写作实践的标签社区的发展
Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.techum.2024.02.001
Christian Howard-Sukhil
As a popular writing form, Twitter / X literature (“Twitter Literature”) seems to have come and gone without leaving a lasting impression, and even the use of Twitter by well-known writers reached its peak in the early to mid-2010s. Around this same time, a number of scholars hailed the advent of Twitter literature as the next big thing, and they began analyzing the unique structures and affordances of this new literary form. Yet as Simone Murray aptly puts it, the failure of these “predictions to come to pass is not reason to abandon the question of the digital's significance for literary culture.” Instead, Murray understands these failed predictions as examples of scholarly overreaching, and she urges that scholars of contemporary digital literature “provide better answers… attentive to the varied and sometimes contradictory permutations of contemporary digital culture.” As part of this effort to “provide better answers,” this article calls attention to the development of a new, global form of discourse that transcends social media publishing platforms: the hashtag.
The hashtag is a new symbol used in a performative act that calls into being a global community even as it stands as a descriptive signifier of a given text. This article examines the rhetoric and signification of the hashtag as a politically-inflected, transformative writing practice, specifically using the hashtag as a way of understanding the ambiguous writing practices developing on Twitter. By focusing particularly on the amateur writing community on Twitter, I analyze how this community has deployed hashtags to grow a global audience, advance political discussions, and circulate across linguistic borders, thereby creating a new kind of world literature independent of traditional and post-press publishing regulations.
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引用次数: 0
Introduction: Aesthetics of new technological humanities 导言:新技术人文美学
Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.techum.2024.03.001
Youngmin Kim , Jørgen Bruhn
In the age of digital technology, world literature with its networks of texts from different eras addresses global and transcultural themes in rhizomatic webs of texts, images, and sounds that circulate beyond its culture of origin. Literary text files, artistic images, and other cultural materials are stored, retrieved, and classified into digitized networks, and then transformed into computerized datasets. The intrinsic potential of the medium becomes transformative, and transmedia art is exposed to the very rapidly transforming material conditions of technology itself. Then, in what ways may the arts and literature make use of the “technological breakthrough” to inspire new forms of creativity, thought, and ethical behavior? How can we interpret world literature, transmedia, and digital humanities in this age of eco-technological feedback loops? This paper attempts to provide an answer by arguing that recent trends have shed light on the aesthetic value and future of “the humanities” by highlighting the unique interactions between literature, media, and digital technology in terms of “convergence” and “intermediality,” revealing the aesthetics of new technological humanities.
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引用次数: 0
Considering caring as a safeguard in artificial intelligence 将关爱视为人工智能的保障
Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.techum.2024.01.002
Russell Suereth
The focus of this research is to consider whether a safeguard of caring can be designed into an artificial intelligent system. According to movies, books, and research experts, a superintelligence could harm humans in devastating ways. The purpose of safeguards is to keep such harmful situations from happening. The problem with safeguards in AI is that they are challenging to design. This article considers whether caring can be a safeguard in AI. It examines caring in our human world and how it has been vital to our existence. It also considers what caring could look like in AI and how we could begin to think about designing care in these systems. Additionally, it provides an overview of the LIDA cognitive architecture as a model for designing care in AI systems. The article employs a methodology focusing on a caring frame of mind and a caring environment for our work and research. This article contributes to the current research by creating a greater awareness of care as a safeguard and establishing an initial step toward designing care in AI. It shows that care is an essential aspect of our interactions with the world and how care can be a safeguard in AI.
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引用次数: 0
The humanity of the non-human –– Themes of artificial subjectivity in Ishiguro's Klara and the Sun
Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.techum.2023.11.001
Oliver Li, Johan Eddebo
In this article we discuss themes of artificial subjectivity in Ishiguro's novel Klara and the Sun. We first present a thematic overview, and some reflections upon subjectivity. The analysis proceeds in four steps pertaining to perspectives on artificial subjectivity and the narrative construction of human dignity: (1) who is human, (2) where does the heart lie, (3) the dialectical creation of the heart, and (4) reflections on subjectivity and personhood. Finally, we summarize the views suggested and emphasize their relevance to society's understanding of humanity and the non-human. We also conclude that relational ontologies are more suitable to understand subjectivity and personhood, in particular in cases of interaction between the human and non-human.
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引用次数: 0
Erratum regarding missing Declaration of Competing Interest statements in previously published articles
Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.techum.2024.06.003
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引用次数: 0
The problem of tropospheric temperature trend measurements for global climate models: Complex versus direct empiricism
Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.techum.2024.06.002
Robert Hudson
The troposphere temperature controversy concerns an empirical problem facing global climate models (GCMs), that the (tropical) troposphere is not warming as fast as predicted by these models according to observations made by a group of climate scientists – John Christy and colleagues – located at the University of Alabama Huntsville (UAH). Elizabeth Lloyd argues that the UAH data, which conflict with GCM predictions, have been definitively discredited by a competing group of climate scientists, Ben Santer and colleagues, in a paper written in 2008. She also argues that Christy and colleagues make fundamental philosophical errors that undermine their empirical results. I argue that Lloyd's criticism is mistaken, both in terms of her assessment of the scientific value of the UAH data and in terms of her philosophical assessment of the reasoning Christy and colleagues use in support of this data. Contrary to Lloyd's assessment, Santor and colleagues have not definitively repudiated the UAH data, nor do they claim as such. Moreover, she misconstrues Christy and colleagues as philosophically committed to a direct empiricist viewpoint. As a result, I claim that the troposphere temperature controversy remains unsolved and continues to pose a potential problem for contemporary GCMs.
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引用次数: 0
Blogs, tweets, and Insta: Digital paratexts in the postcolonial cultural industry 博客、推特和 Insta:后殖民文化产业中的数字副词
Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.techum.2024.05.003
Roopika Risam
Exploring the work of Hanif Kureishi, Amitav Ghosh, Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie, Teju Cole, and nayyirah waheed, this essay examines digital parataxis in the work of South Asian and Black diaspora writers. These writers create content on social media to engage audiences in complex ways, not exclusively motivated by marketing and literary celebrity. The social media content they produce are best understood as digital paratexts that become new, essential texts of their oeuvres and identities, irreducible to market logics and creating inroads with audiences in and beyond the postcolonial cultural industry. Through their work, this essay offers a framework for understanding the digital paratexts that postcolonial writers are producing as an integral part of world literature.
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引用次数: 0
Comments on technological intervention and influence on human communication: From the perspective of folkloristics 关于技术对人类交流的干预和影响的评论:从民俗学的角度
Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.techum.2024.06.001
Chao Gejin
This paper explores the evolution of human communication technologies, emphasizing the intertwined relationship between oral and written mediums across different stages: orality, literacy, printing, and the internet. The study underscores the persistent importance of orality, indicating that despite technological advancements, language's core role remains unchallenged in human communication. Delving into the limitations of orality, such as constraints in human memory and auditory abilities, the work addresses the crucial invention of devices and symbolic systems to record and transmit information more effectively. The transition from oral to written communication is analyzed not merely as a technical progression, but also as a factor impacting cultural dynamics and social hierarchies. Significant changes in communication practices are traced from the creation of writing scripts to the advent of printing and digital technology. The examination of such evolutions reveals the constant human effort to overcome biological constraints and leverage technology to meet increasingly complex communication needs. The study ultimately draws a fascinating parallel between ancient oral traditions and contemporary internet communication, stressing the ongoing relevance of orality even in our digitized era.
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引用次数: 0
Narrative traditions of the digital st/age: learning from Indigenous cultures 数字时代的叙事传统:向土著文化学习
Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.techum.2024.01.003
Elizabeth Swift
All the world's a stage, said Jaques in Shakespeare's pastoral comedy, As You Like It, but the history of world literature tells a different story. Vast and ancient civilisations have been systematically excluded from records of stories told within our dominant literary tradition, which has focussed, rather, on narratives serving to define a particular view of aesthetic production and reception. ‘World literature’ excludes narratives which do not follow systematic rules – rules so embedded in tradition that we no longer notice them. The digital age, however, has thrown up new challenges for literature, concerning the relationship between author and reader. Increasingly, established modes of literature and drama are not fit for purpose in a world where immediacy and interactivity are valued above hierarchical storytelling. This paper argues that, in learning to understand how narratives might operate in a digital age, there is much to be learned from storytelling cultures that pre-date ‘world literature’. It explores ancient narrative traditions from Indigenous Australia, North America and France, and explains how they can model certain kinds of immersive and interactive practices that are increasingly familiar in our digital age. It interrogates current storytelling practices that incorporate virtual reality and digital interactivity, and argues that the novel modes of engagement they provoke demonstrate the evolving relationship between artistic production and reception. The research draws on studies undertaken by academics from Indigenous cultures as well as incorporating new work from digital researchers and cognitive scientists.
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引用次数: 0
Mourning revolutions in the virtual anastasis 虚拟吻合器中的哀悼革命
Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.techum.2024.01.001
Alessandro Caruana
Mourning Revolutions in the Virtual Anastasis is a psychoanalytical and philosophical analysis, that places contemporary technologies and emerging practices for digital and virtual mourning into conversation with Freudian, Jungian, and Lacanian concepts. Through a series of speculations, the text wants to scrutinise the motives behind today's simulative technologies and hypothesise about the future interrelation between the individual and the absence of death. Although the argument is presented by clearly assuming a contrasting position to the use of VR high-tech novelties, the aim is still to offer a point of reflection rather than imposing a unilateral perspective. Therefore, the emphasis is placed on the multifaceted instances of virtually resurrecting loved ones and the inevitable revolutions that will be carried within the mourning process, ultimately departing from orthodox psychological views. The impacts of these revolutions are still largely obscure, but some light will be thrown by examining the internal dynamics of the individual mind and society as a whole. It will be argued how technological advancements, habitually embraced as a sign of evolution, contextualised within the main argumentation, hold a significant risk of being just an illusion of progress: a social regressive phenomenon in its enactment of unconscious fixations. Moreover, thought-provoking claims challenging the psychosocial institutions are delivered to unfold the ethical and political dynamics, particularly concerning psychoanalysis. The reader might find the role of the latter devalued in the critique engaged, in truth, the concluding argumentation is almost an ode to the practice by expressing the hope that by abandoning its tight conservative frame, such an essential tool of analysis will maintain its relevance in the 21st century. The conclusion of such an adventurous exploration will propose psychoanalysis as philosophy with a clinic.
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引用次数: 0
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New Techno-Humanities
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