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Review: The post-screen through virtual reality, holograms and light projections: Where screen boundaries lie, by Jenna Ng 回顾:通过虚拟现实,全息图和光投影的后屏幕:屏幕边界所在,詹娜·吴
Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.techum.2022.04.006
Georgios Dimoglou (PhD Candidate)

The following review is a discussion of Jenna Ng's latest book, titled The Post-Screen Through Virtual Reality, Holograms and Light Projections: Where Screen Boundaries Lie. The main goal of Ng's study is to define the post-screen, as she aptly names it, as a contemporary “re-placed” screen that is characterized by blurry or undetectable boundaries. Virtual and Augmented Reality experiences as well as holographic and light projections are practices that constitute examples of the post-screen's emergence and consolidation in our present-day media culture.

This book calls upon theories on media, corporeality, death and the self, incorporating them in a timely and absorbing manner, locating links where one may only find boundaries. Through the post-screen, Ng contemplates on the complex relations between virtual and actual reality, truth and falsehood, and our own connection with our bodies, selves, and lives. As such, this research does not remain confined within the boundaries of media studies, but also addresses artists, developers and audiences who share a common interest for contemporary media and their social, political and philosophical dimensions.

以下评论是对Jenna Ng的新书的讨论,书名为“通过虚拟现实,全息图和光投影的后屏幕:屏幕边界所在”。吴恩达研究的主要目标是定义后屏幕,正如她恰当地命名的那样,作为当代“重新放置”的屏幕,其特征是模糊或无法察觉的边界。虚拟现实和增强现实体验以及全息和光投影是构成后屏幕在我们当今媒体文化中出现和巩固的例子。这本书呼吁媒体、肉体、死亡和自我的理论,以一种及时而引人入胜的方式将它们结合起来,在人们可能只会发现边界的地方找到联系。通过后屏,吴恩达思考了虚拟与现实、真实与虚假之间的复杂关系,以及我们与身体、自我和生命之间的联系。因此,本研究并不局限于媒体研究的范围内,还涉及对当代媒体及其社会、政治和哲学维度有共同兴趣的艺术家、开发者和观众。
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引用次数: 0
A comprehensive easy-to-use techno-human solution for the resource-constrained nations in the fight against communicable disease like the coronavirus pandemic 为资源有限的国家抗击冠状病毒大流行等传染病提供全面易用的技术-人力解决方案
Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.techum.2022.05.002
Omkar Manjrekar , Rathin Biswas , Aditya Agrawal , Nilesh Barandwal , Abhishek Gupta , Pranjal Chaudhari , Sharad Mishra , Kedar Anavardekar , Vikrant Fernandes , Kavi Arya

Following the advent of the novel Coronavirus, the governments and authorities introduced various mobile applications in the fight against COVID-19. However, these are either restricted by the developer country or not comprised of certain key features, due to which, a vast population from the low- or middle-income country, remains underprivileged from associated benefits. The purpose of this study is to explore and demonstrate how to build a comprehensive and easy-to-use application for mobile health service delivery especially fabricated to fight communicable diseases like COVID-19. Mostly open-source technologies are used to build a distributed scalable client-server application. Then the application is evaluated with the stress-test and usability-test. Besides COVID-19 advisories and guidelines, the study demonstrates complete conceptualization and development of an IoT-based mobile application. It comprises three key features that bring comprehensiveness. One is the ‘contact logger & tracer’ that enables users to maintain a list of contacts who get notified if any of them reported COVID-19 positive in the last 14 days. Two is the ‘self-assessment' which helps users to predict the chances of COVID-19 infection using a scientific rationale. Three is the ‘infection tracker’ that guides users to identify infected hotspots to plan the route accordingly. The usability-test affirmed that the application is easy-to-use. Further, this study demonstrates how to construct such an easy-to-use application mostly with open-source resources. It can help the needy authorities or groups from resource-constrained countries to adopt and develop such applications quickly. Further research on the post-implementation effect will add value to this study.

随着新型冠状病毒的出现,各国政府和当局推出了各种移动应用程序来抗击COVID-19。然而,这些要么受到发展中国家的限制,要么不包括某些关键特征,因此,来自低收入或中等收入国家的大量人口仍然享受不到相关福利。本研究的目的是探索和展示如何构建一个全面且易于使用的移动医疗服务提供应用程序,特别是针对COVID-19等传染病。大多数开源技术用于构建分布式可伸缩的客户机-服务器应用程序。然后使用压力测试和可用性测试对应用程序进行评估。除了COVID-19咨询和指南外,该研究还展示了基于物联网的移动应用程序的完整概念化和开发。它包括三个关键特性,带来了全面性。一种是“接触记录仪”。追踪器,使用户能够维护联系人列表,如果在过去14天内有人报告COVID-19呈阳性,就会收到通知。二是“自我评估”,帮助用户利用科学原理预测COVID-19感染的可能性。三是“感染追踪器”,引导用户识别受感染的热点,并据此规划路线。可用性测试确认应用程序易于使用。此外,本研究还演示了如何使用开源资源构建这样一个易于使用的应用程序。它可以帮助来自资源有限国家的有需要的当局或团体迅速采用和开发此类应用程序。对实施后效果的进一步研究将增加本研究的价值。
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引用次数: 0
Human consciousness and prosthetic temporality: On the way to new technological humanities 人的意识与假的时间性:走向新技术人文的道路
Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.techum.2022.10.001
Youngmin Kim

In Greek myth of Prometheus and Epimetheus, the two figures of promêtheia and êpimêtheia represent the “temporalization” of “advance” and “withdrawal” and reveal a double movement in human temporality: the forward movement of protective prostheticity, and the backward movement of reflective consciousness. The issue of memory and prostheticity in the originary knowledge in the myth of Prometheus and Epimetheus reminds us of what David Chalmers called “qualia,” which represents the hard problem of the phenomena qualities of a conscious mental state. When Stieglerian “originary prostheticity” is brought together with David Chalmer's hard question of “consciousness,” the coupling of knowledge and non-knowledge of promêtheia and êpimetheia will lay bare its double mobile dynamic qualities of forgetting and remembering. We are recently witnessing this epochal breakthrough, which promises to open onto pathways toward a new age of artificial intelligence. What most of today's theories of human cognitive enhancement fail to see is the technogenic and epiphylogenetic origin of human consciousness. Hence, in an era of pandemics and precarity, humans need to materialize new ways of coupling humanities and technology beyond artificial intelligence and critical posthumanism.

在希腊普罗米修斯和厄毗米修斯神话中,promêtheia和êpimêtheia两个数字代表了“进”和“退”的“时间化”,揭示了人类时间性的双重运动:保护性假体的向前运动和反思意识的向后运动。普罗米修斯和厄毗米修斯神话中原始知识中的记忆和假体问题让我们想起了大卫·查尔默斯所说的“感质”,它代表了意识精神状态的现象性质这一难题。当Stieglerian的“原始假体”与David Chalmer的“意识”难题结合在一起时,promêtheia和êpimetheia的知识与非知识的耦合将暴露其遗忘与记忆的双重移动动态特性。我们最近见证了这一划时代的突破,它有望开启通往人工智能新时代的道路。今天大多数关于人类认知增强的理论都没有看到的是人类意识的技术起源和表观进化起源。因此,在流行病和不稳定的时代,人类需要实现超越人工智能和批判性后人文主义的人文与技术结合的新方式。
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引用次数: 1
“Connected researches” in “smart lab bubble”: A lifeline of techno-society space for commercial agriculture development in “new normal” “智能实验室泡沫”中的“互联研究”:“新常态”下商业农业发展的科技社会空间生命线
Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.techum.2022.05.001
Prabath Chaminda Abeysiriwardana , Udith K. Jayasinghe-Mudalige , Saluka R. Kodituwakku

Execution of a well-defined program of research targeting the commercial agriculture sector could be considered as a strategic change towards keeping a country on the track of achieving the second sustainable development goal (SDG), i.e. ‘zero hunger by 2030’. To make this a reality, analyzing of drawbacks of the present research environment and finding solutions through digital interventions is warranted. This paper elaborates on those issues faced by researchers who are isolated from human-to-human physical contact in carrying out research in commercial agriculture, especially in COVID-19. Further, a conceptual model to connect and practice research beyond physical presence by digital transformations of organization design of research institutes under these circumstances is suggested. The framework proposed characterizes a connected lab complex – designated as the “Smart Lab Bubble”, to examine its potential in meeting the real needs of a researcher in a disconnected society to produce impactful research for the agriculture sector. It emphasizes the fact that this kind of model shall resiliently be adopted in technological sciences, with the backing from those non-technological sciences like economics, humanities, and management, to make the concept of a “society-friendly innovative research culture” a reality. In light of this, it would expect to leverage technologies to create new services and values for various stakeholders including the agriculture community during this pandemic. The digitally endorsed performance management envisaged under this framework, along with relevant policy measures, is supposed to be building an agile architecture that would not incur technical debt in a newly formed cultural position.

执行针对商业农业部门的明确的研究计划可以被视为使一个国家保持在实现第二个可持续发展目标(SDG)的轨道上的战略变革,即“到2030年实现零饥饿”。为了实现这一目标,有必要分析当前研究环境的缺点,并通过数字干预寻找解决方案。本文详细阐述了在商业化农业研究中,特别是在COVID-19研究中,与人类身体接触隔离的研究人员所面临的问题。在此基础上,提出了一种概念模型,通过研究机构组织设计的数字化转型来连接和实践超越实体存在的研究。提出的框架描述了一个连接的实验室综合体的特征——被指定为“智能实验室泡沫”,以检查其在满足断开连接的社会中研究人员的实际需求方面的潜力,从而为农业部门进行有影响力的研究。它强调了这样一个事实,即这种模式应该在经济、人文、管理等非技术科学的支持下,弹性地应用于技术科学,使“社会友好型创新研究文化”的概念成为现实。鉴于此,预计在此次大流行期间,它将利用技术为包括农业社区在内的各利益攸关方创造新的服务和价值。在此框架下设想的数字认可的绩效管理,以及相关的政策措施,应该是建立一个敏捷的架构,不会在新形成的文化地位中产生技术债务。
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引用次数: 4
The paradox of the virtual Iñárritu's Carne y Arena between innovative spect-actor and traditional fruition 虚拟的Iñárritu嘉年华竞技场中创新演员与传统成果之间的悖论
Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.techum.2022.02.001
Francesco Buscemi
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引用次数: 0
Humans as “meta”-beings: Meta-interpretive, meta-ethical and meta-technical 人作为“元”存在:元解释、元伦理和元技术
Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.techum.2022.07.005
Hans Lenk

Humans are meta-level beings - meta-interpretative, meta-ethical and meta-technological.

In many respects they are able to use abstract concepts, symbols conceived on and for higher (meta-)levels. This is apparently an epistemological necessity for generalizing in any cognitive, ethical, practical, scientific and technological area. Here the humanities come in: indispensably they are interpretative disciplines dependent on signs, object- and meta-language as well as (meta-)theories. All that is true also for technologies and industry where notorious problems of responsibility are to be met - an all-too-human focus of moral(s) and meta-ethics - The article presents a tour d'horizon of the author's methodological “scheme interpretationist” from “going meta-level” as a hallmark of humanity through humanitarian ethics towards applied responsibility problems in technology and a techno-humanistically interpreted society.

人类是元层次的生物——元解释、元伦理和元技术。在许多方面,他们能够使用抽象的概念,在更高(元)层次上构思的符号。这显然是在任何认知、伦理、实践、科学和技术领域进行概括的认识论必要性。人文学科在这里出现了:不可缺少的是,它们是依赖于符号、对象语言和元语言以及(元)理论的解释性学科。所有这一切对于技术和工业来说也是如此,因为它们要解决臭名昭著的责任问题——道德和元伦理的一个过于人性化的焦点——文章展示了作者的方法论“方案解释主义者”的视野,从“进入元层面”作为人性的标志,通过人道主义伦理,到技术和技术人文主义解释的社会中的应用责任问题。
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引用次数: 0
East Asian new techno-humanities report 东亚新科技人文报告
Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.techum.2022.100003
Qinglong Peng, Man Zhou

Overall, the development of digital humanities (DH) in Asia is slower than that in Europe and North America, while within East Asia, specifically China, Japan, and South Korea, there are differences in DH's acceptance and progress. This paper reviews the history and current situation of DH in China, Japan, and South Korea. In comparison to Japan and South Korea, the paper also analyzes the characteristics, problems, and possible causes of the problems presented by Chinese DH. Such a retrospective process demonstrates not only the integration and cooperation between humanities and technology, but also the transformation of humanities in the perspective of new technologies. The transformation, whether active or passive, has led many Chinese humanities scholars to worry and reflect, which is one of the focuses of this paper.

总体而言,数字人文学科在亚洲的发展速度比欧洲和北美慢,而在东亚,特别是中国、日本和韩国,对数字人文学科的接受程度和进步程度存在差异。本文回顾了中国、日本和韩国卫生保健的历史和现状。通过与日本和韩国的比较,分析了中国卫生保健的特点、存在的问题以及可能产生问题的原因。这样一个回顾的过程,既体现了人文与技术的融合与合作,也体现了人文在新技术视角下的转型。无论是主动的还是被动的转变,都引起了许多中国人文学者的担忧和反思,这也是本文的重点之一。
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引用次数: 1
Emotional, cognitive and conative response to influencer marketing 对网红营销的情感、认知和创造性反应
Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.techum.2022.07.004
Petr Weinlich, Tereza Semerádová

Current business statistics and extant academic research stress the importance of influencer marketing. In 2019, the YouTube beauty community witnessed the largest product launch in ecommerce history, in which controversial YouTubers, Shane Dawson and Jeffree Star, published a 7-episode series documenting the process of creating a makeup product. The series garnered more than 152 million views, and led to the breakdown of e-retailer websites and resulted in 2 million people waiting in an online queue to purchase products on www.jeffreestarcosmetics.com. In our experiment, we examine the effects of emotions generated by the series on viewers’ attitudes and purchasing behavior. We observe the development of tester perceptions of the two YouTubers and the presented products post three days of media cultivation using the FaceReader software for facial expression recognition, eye-tracking, Emotional Expressivity Scale (EES), and Personality Inventory Scale.

当前的商业统计和现有的学术研究都强调了网红营销的重要性。2019年,YouTube美容社区见证了电子商务历史上最大的产品发布,有争议的YouTube用户肖恩·道森和杰弗里·斯达发布了一个7集的系列节目,记录了创造化妆品的过程。该系列获得了超过1.52亿的点击量,导致电子零售商网站瘫痪,导致200万人在www.jeffreestarcosmetics.com上排队购买产品。在我们的实验中,我们检验了电视剧所产生的情绪对观众态度和购买行为的影响。我们使用FaceReader软件进行面部表情识别、眼球追踪、情绪表达量表(EES)和人格量表,观察了测试者对两位youtuber和所呈现产品的看法的发展。
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引用次数: 0
The rise of a new paradigm of literary studies: The challenge of digital humanities 文学研究新范式的兴起:数字人文学科的挑战
Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.techum.2022.11.001
Ning Wang

Digital humanities has become a heatedly discussed and even debated topic among humanities scholars. It is true that it has made a revolutionary impact on the teaching and academic research of humanities scholars, which has also raised a severe challenge to traditional humanities scholars who are not ready for the impact of this trend. But in any event, it indicates a shift of paradigm of research, which marks the rise of a new academic paradigm and reading method in humanities studies. It at least bridges the gap between science and technology and the humanities and makes humanities scholars more efficiently digitizing their research results. This is especially true in literary studies, or more specifically, comparative and world literature studies. The so-called “distant reading” is a new way of researching world literature. Comparatists could use such a distant reading method to have a general picture of the historical development and evolution of world literature. But at the same time, close reading is also important which could for literary scholars to have a deep-going research and analysis of individual literary works. Thus it is necessary for comparatists to combine the two different reading methods in comparative and world literature studies.

数字人文已经成为人文学者们热烈讨论甚至争论的话题。诚然,它对人文学者的教学和学术研究产生了革命性的影响,这也对传统的人文学者提出了严峻的挑战,他们还没有准备好应对这一趋势的影响。但无论如何,它标志着研究范式的转变,标志着人文学科新的学术范式和阅读方法的兴起。它至少在科学技术和人文之间架起了一座桥梁,使人文学者更有效地将他们的研究成果数字化。在文学研究中尤其如此,或者更具体地说,在比较文学和世界文学研究中更是如此。所谓“远读”是研究世界文学的一种新方式。比较学者可以利用这种远观阅读的方法,对世界文学的历史发展和演变有一个大致的了解。但与此同时,细读也很重要,它可以让文学学者对个别文学作品进行深入的研究和分析。因此,比较学者在比较文学和世界文学研究中有必要将这两种不同的阅读方法结合起来。
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引用次数: 1
Text technologies, illustrated editions as multi-technological hybrids, and William Falconer's The Shipwreck, 1762–1808 文本技术,插图版本作为多技术的混合体,以及威廉·法尔科纳的《沉船》,1762-1808
Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.techum.2022.02.002
Sandro Jung

This article aims to demonstrate the usefulness of text-technological research for book-historically informed literary and textual studies by examining a “multitechnological hybrid” – the illustrated edition featuring copper- and subsequently wood-engraved illustrative plates – and the role it played in mediating William Falconer's maritime georgic, The Shipwreck (Falconer, 1762), from 1762 to 1808. By focusing on the multi-technological hybridity of the visual apparatuses of these editions, issues related to readership and readability, as well as publishing formats and strategies, can be addressed that will facilitate insight into the intermedial reception of Falconer's production. The adoption of different substrates – ranging from copperplates to woodblocks – reflects not only technological innovations but economic factors, including the simplification of production processes as well as the rise of the cheaply produced printed image that would, in the Victorian period, culminate in the 1858 Edinburgh edition of The Shipwreck featuring more than 30 illustrations, as well as numerous decorative devices, by Birket Foster. Above all, it will be demonstrated that publishers utilised specialist bibliographical discourses of materiality that helped potential purchasers to develop a material literacy with which they were able to understand the text-technological encoding of each illustrated edition, including its particular cultural and symbolic value.

本文旨在通过考察一种“多技术混合”——以铜为特色的插图版——以及随后的木刻插图版——以及它在1762年至1808年威廉·法尔科纳(William Falconer)的海上诗歌《沉船》(Falconer, 1762)中所扮演的角色,来证明文本技术研究对书籍历史信息文学和文本研究的有用性。通过关注这些版本的视觉设备的多技术混合,可以解决与读者和可读性有关的问题,以及出版格式和策略,这将有助于深入了解Falconer作品的中间接受情况。采用不同的基材——从铜版到木版——不仅反映了技术创新,也反映了经济因素,包括生产过程的简化,以及廉价印刷图像的兴起,在维多利亚时期,1858年爱丁堡版的《沉船》达到了顶峰,其中有30多幅插图,还有许多装饰装置,由Birket Foster创作。最重要的是,它将证明出版商利用实质性的专业书目论述,帮助潜在的购买者发展一种材料素养,使他们能够理解每个插图版本的文本技术编码,包括其特定的文化和象征价值。
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引用次数: 1
期刊
New Techno-Humanities
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