Next Sustainability最新文献_第7页

Adsorption of MO dyes using various adsorbents: Past, present and future perspective 各种吸附剂对MO染料的吸附：过去、现在和未来的展望

Next Sustainability

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.nxsust.2025.100153

Mahesh R. Sonawane , Tarulata N. Chhowala , Kiran E. Suryawanshi , Umesh Fegade , Kalpesh Ani Isai

To overcome industrial wastewater effluence, adsorption of dyes using nanoparticles attracted researchers. According to the findings, nanoparticles might be used to effectively remediate colored wastewater. Dyes are a complex family of organic compounds with a broad variety of uses in the textile and food sectors, and a vast number of colors are thrown away and end up in natural water sources. For the sake of the natural environment, dye mixing in water resources must be prevented. This study focuses on modern developments in nanoparticle use for dye wastewater adsorption. Adsorbents (natural and engineered) have been used to effectively adsorb colors from effluent. Due to a unique set of adsorption techniques especially for improving adsorption capacities, and toxicity investigations, nanoparticle achieves great importance in wastewater treatment. This review highlights the value of raw and modified clay as an adsorbent for the removal of colors from textile wastewater. Nano-absorbents offers a lot of economic potential because of their long-term viability in terms of adsorption ability, non-toxicity, and cheap cost. Despite the fast development of nanoparticles applications, the technology is still a long way from reaching its ultimate aim of commercialization. Regeneration processes and the handling of textile dye wastewater have received little consideration. The sorption process is rigorously evaluated and appropriate conditions for the metal oxide and bio adsorbent-dye systems, as well as the adsorption properties of a variety of clays, are presented. This investigation aims to study the use of adsorbents, particularly metal oxide bio adsorbents. This article thoroughly reviewed 165 published literature studies on adsorbents from 2015 to 2021 within the last 6 years, and discoursed quality parameters such as pH of the solution, dye concentration, temperature, and adsorbent dose. Moreover, the mechanism and kinetic study of the dye using various adsorbents on have been studied. Showing how well different adsorbents function in reducing MO from aqueous solutions is the goal of this investigation. It will assist in minimizing the arbitrary selection of adsorbent types for MO adsorption.

利用纳米颗粒吸附染料来治理工业废水引起了人们的广泛关注。研究结果表明，纳米颗粒可用于有色废水的有效治理。染料是一种复杂的有机化合物家族，在纺织和食品领域有着广泛的用途，大量的颜色被丢弃并最终进入自然水源。为了保护自然环境，必须防止染料在水资源中混合。本文重点介绍了纳米颗粒用于染料废水吸附的最新进展。吸附剂（天然的和工程的）已被用于有效地吸附废水中的颜色。纳米颗粒由于其独特的吸附技术，特别是在提高吸附能力和毒性研究方面，在废水处理中发挥了重要作用。本文综述了改性粘土作为吸附剂在纺织废水脱色中的应用价值。纳米吸附剂具有吸附能力强、无毒、成本低等优点，具有长期生存能力，具有很大的经济潜力。尽管纳米颗粒的应用发展迅速，但该技术距离最终的商业化目标还有很长的路要走。再生工艺和纺织染料废水的处理很少得到重视。对吸附过程进行了严格的评价，提出了金属氧化物和生物吸附剂-染料体系的适宜条件，以及各种粘土的吸附特性。本研究旨在研究吸附剂的使用，特别是金属氧化物生物吸附剂。本文全面回顾了2015 - 2021年近6年来165篇已发表的吸附剂研究文献，并对溶液pH、染料浓度、温度、吸附剂剂量等质量参数进行了论述。并对不同吸附剂对染料的吸附机理和动力学进行了研究。显示不同的吸附剂在从水溶液中减少MO的作用是本研究的目标。它将有助于最大限度地减少任意选择吸附剂类型的MO吸附。

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引用次数: 0

Improving diffusivity of encapsulated Saccharomyces cerevisiae via porous silica-alginate for enhanced bioethanol production 通过多孔海藻酸硅提高包封酿酒酵母的扩散率以提高生物乙醇的产量

Next Sustainability

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.nxsust.2025.100166

Bilyamin Abdulmumin , Habiba Iliyasu Atta , Abdulazeez Yusuf Atta , Baba Jibril El-Yakubu

Bioethanol production was enhanced through porous silica-alginate/chitosan encapsulation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in the fermentation process. Glucose was used as a pore-forming agent (PFA) during the silica coating process, with the PFA concentration values of 0 (G-0), 0.75 (G-0.75), 1.5 (G-1.5), and 3 g (G-3). The diffusion coefficient for G-3 was approximately 2.32 cm³ /s, representing an increase of 3.2 times compared to the reference G-0. The bioethanol production significantly increased from G-0 (2.73 ± 0.14 g/L) to G-3 (4.50 ± 0.24 g/L), indicating a 1.7-fold improvement attributed to enhanced membrane diffusivity. Optimal conditions for bioethanol production were determined as 35

℃

, pH 5, and 150 rpm using 30 capsules for 10 g/L glucose. Capsule reusability revealed that G-0 and G-0.75 endured nine cycles, while G-1.5 and G-3 exhibited signs of failure after seven cycles, revealing a delicate balance in enhanced porosity and capsule stability. This result holds promise for alleviating the mass transfer limitations associated with traditional silica-coated/chitosan capsules in bioethanol production.

在发酵过程中，通过硅-海藻酸盐/壳聚糖的多孔包封，提高了酿酒酵母的生物乙醇产量。在二氧化硅包覆过程中，葡萄糖作为成孔剂（PFA）， PFA浓度分别为0 （g -0）、0.75 （g -0.75）、1.5 （g -1.5）、3 g （g -3）。G-3的扩散系数约为2.32 cm³ /s，比参考G-0增加了3.2倍。生物乙醇产量从g -0（2.73 ± 0.14 g/L）显著增加到g -3(4.50 ± 0.24 g/L)，表明膜扩散率提高了1.7倍。生物乙醇生产的最佳条件为：35℃，pH 5, 150 rpm， 30个胶囊，10 g/L葡萄糖。胶囊的可重复使用性表明，G-0和G-0.75经历了9次循环，而G-1.5和G-3在7次循环后表现出失败的迹象，揭示了孔隙度和胶囊稳定性增强的微妙平衡。这一结果有望缓解生物乙醇生产中与传统二氧化硅涂层/壳聚糖胶囊相关的传质限制。

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引用次数: 0

Water quality and human health risk assessment of phthalate esters: A comparison of treated and raw water from Ogbomosho Waterworks, Nigeria 邻苯二甲酸酯的水质和人类健康风险评估：尼日利亚Ogbomosho水厂处理过的水和原水的比较

Next Sustainability

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.nxsust.2025.100172

Haleema Omolola Adedosu , Taofik Adewale Adedosu , Peter Olusakin Oladoye , Mohammed Kadhom , Nimotallahi Kanyinsola Lawal , Fadilat Omolola Asoro

In this study, we assessed the occurrence, level, and health risk of phthalic acid esters (PAEs) in water samples collected from Ogbomosho waterworks, including the physicochemical properties of raw and treated water. Water samples were collected from the treated and untreated water tanks at the waterworks. Treatment efficiencies recorded for PAEs showed an insufficiency of methods employed by the waterworks in the removal of dimethyl, dibutyl, and di-n-octyl phthalates (DMP, DBP, and DnOP, respectively). Although 28 % of diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) was removed after treatment, the remaining level was still above US EPA regulations. The estimated total carcinogenic risk and hazard quotient values for adults and children were 4.05 × 10⁻³, 1.9 × 10⁻³, 1.62, and 1.44, respectively, all of which are within the high-risk category. It can be concluded that the health risks of PAEs exposures were not within a safe range, meaning that more than 1 in 10,000 people are likely to contract cancer of any type from using this water. This research is of global relevance to achieving the United Nations Sustainable development goals 6 (clean water and sanitation) as it highlights the importance of ensuring safe drinking water quality and informing water treatment strategies and policy globally. It also contributes to development of guidelines and standards for PAEs in drinking water and support public health initiatives to protect public health.

在本研究中，我们评估了从Ogbomosho水厂收集的水样中邻苯二甲酸酯（PAEs）的存在、水平和健康风险，包括原水和处理后的水的物理化学性质。水务署从水厂经处理及未经处理的水缸中抽取水样。PAEs的处理效率记录表明，自来水厂在去除邻苯二甲酸二甲酯、二丁基和邻苯二甲酸二辛酯（分别为DMP、DBP和DnOP）方面采用的方法存在不足。虽然28% %的邻苯二甲酸二乙己酯（DEHP）在处理后被去除，但剩余水平仍高于美国环保署的规定。估计成人和儿童的总致癌风险和危害商值分别为4.05 × 10−3、1.9 × 10−3、1.62和1.44，均属于高危类别。可以得出的结论是，接触PAEs的健康风险不在安全范围内，这意味着超过1万分之一的人可能因使用这种水而感染任何类型的癌症。这项研究对实现联合国可持续发展目标6（清洁水和卫生设施）具有全球意义，因为它强调了确保安全饮用水质量和为全球水处理战略和政策提供信息的重要性。它还有助于制定饮用水中PAEs的准则和标准，并支持保护公众健康的公共卫生举措。

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引用次数: 0

Sustainable bio-based functional additives for adhesives and coatings – A review 粘合剂和涂料用可持续生物基功能添加剂综述

Next Sustainability

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.nxsust.2025.100151

Jil Mann, Steven Eschig

The climate crisis, the depletion of fossil fuels and health concerns about petrochemical components in adhesives and coatings have led to a social and political paradigm shift. As a result, there has been an intense search for sustainable bio-based materials that are also comparable to petroleum-based products in terms of cost and performance. A promising approach is the development of materials with (multi)functional properties that can be achieved by adding functional additives. This review article first explains the requirements for adhesives and coating materials and then presents the current state of research on sustainable bio-based functional additives, with a focus on flame retardant, UV protective, antimicrobial and antioxidant, mechanical stability, superhydrophilic and superhydrophobic, as well as anti-icing properties. Great attention is paid to the use of readily available raw materials such as lignin, cellulose(derivatives) and tannic acid. However, many other substances such as dyes, essential oils or their components, proteins and biopolymers of plants and animals are also promising additives. Hence, there are still some challenges to overcome, such as higher susceptibility to microbial attack or lower durability, in order to obtain market-relevant products. The approaches taken so far are presented in this article, critically analysed and the remaining challenges discussed in detail.

气候危机、化石燃料的枯竭以及对粘合剂和涂料中石化成分的健康担忧导致了社会和政治范式的转变。因此，人们一直在大力寻找可持续的生物基材料，这些材料在成本和性能方面也可与石油基产品相媲美。一种很有前途的方法是开发具有（多）功能特性的材料，这些材料可以通过添加功能添加剂来实现。本文首先阐述了对粘合剂和涂层材料的要求，然后介绍了可持续生物基功能添加剂的研究现状，重点介绍了阻燃、防紫外线、抗菌和抗氧化、机械稳定性、超亲水性和超疏水性以及防冰性能。高度重视木质素、纤维素（衍生物）和单宁酸等现成原料的使用。然而，许多其他物质，如染料、精油或其成分、植物和动物的蛋白质和生物聚合物也很有前景。因此，为了获得与市场相关的产品，仍有一些挑战需要克服，例如对微生物攻击的敏感性较高或耐久性较低。本文介绍了迄今为止采取的方法，对其进行了批判性分析，并详细讨论了剩余的挑战。

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引用次数: 0

Sewage sludge-derived biochar modified with MgCl2: Used as adsorbent material for phosphorus removal from aqueous medium MgCl2改性的污水污泥源生物炭：用作水中除磷的吸附材料

Next Sustainability

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.nxsust.2025.100156

Valber Georgio de Oliveira Duarte , Jader Alves Ferreira , Denise Eulálio , Guilherme Max Dias Ferreira , Vera Regina Leopoldo Constantino , Gustavo Franco de Castro , Jairo Tronto

Sewage sludge (SS) is produced in wastewater treatment plants due to the removal of solid and liquid waste. SS is rich in organic matter and can contain pathogens and high levels of heavy metals, posing a significant environmental challenge. The search for effective and sustainable solutions to treat this waste has intensified in this context. Transforming SS into biochar is emerging as a useful solution for effectively managing this waste. Biochar is a carbonaceous material obtained from biomass pyrolysis, having porosity and specific surface area that vary depending on the raw material used. This study aimed to produce MgCl₂-modified biochar using SS as biomass to be used as an adsorbent for P in an aqueous medium. SS containing or not MgCl₂ incorporated was pyrolyzed at different temperatures and the obtained materials were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), specific surface area (BET) and point of zero charge (PZC). Kinetic and equilibrium adsorption studies of P on the biochar were evaluated, in which a 50.0 mg constant mass of biochar was added to 25.0 mL solutions containing P concentrations ranging from 0 to 350.0 mg∙L⁻¹. The solutions were swirled for 48 h and was conducted in triplicate. The process of modifying the biochar with magnesium was effective. Additionally, the kinetic data showed that the pseudo-second-order model better fitted the experimental data. The adsorption mechanism occurs through the chemical precipitation of P species with Mg²⁺ ions or ionic exchange with anions such as Cl^- on the surface of the material pyrolyzed at 500°C. The P adsorption isotherm followed the Langmuir model, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 176 mg·g⁻¹ after 48 h. Magnesium-functionalized biochar produced from SS has a high capacity for P removal from an aqueous medium, which represents a promising alternative for applying this material as a P fertilizer.

污水污泥（SS）是污水处理厂由于去除固体和液体废物而产生的。SS富含有机物，可能含有病原体和高浓度重金属，对环境构成重大挑战。在这方面，已加紧寻求有效和可持续的解决办法来处理这种废物。将SS转化为生物炭正在成为有效管理这种废物的有用解决方案。生物炭是一种由生物质热解获得的含碳物质，其孔隙率和比表面积取决于所使用的原料。本研究旨在以SS为生物质制备mgcl2改性生物炭，作为水介质中磷的吸附剂。采用x射线粉末衍射（XRD）、热重分析（TGA）、衰减全反射傅立叶变换红外光谱（ATR-FTIR）、扫描电镜- x射线能谱（SEM-EDS）、比表面积（BET）和零电荷点（PZC）对制备的SS进行了热解。对磷在生物炭上的动力学和平衡吸附研究进行了评估，其中将50.0 mg恒定质量的生物炭添加到25.0 mL的溶液中，其中P的浓度范围为0至350.0 mg∙L−1。溶液旋转48 h，并进行三次。用镁对生物炭进行改性是有效的。此外，动力学数据表明，拟二阶模型较好地拟合了实验数据。吸附机理是通过Mg2+离子在500℃热解材料表面化学沉淀P种或与阴离子Cl-等离子交换。P的吸附等温线符合Langmuir模型，48 h后的最大吸附量为176 mg·g⁻1。由SS制备的镁功能化生物炭具有从水介质中去除磷的高能力，这代表了将该材料用作磷肥的有希望的替代方案。

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引用次数: 0

Integrated study of catalytic pyrolysis of bakelite waste: Catalyst variations, kinetic analysis, and batch pyrolysis 电木废弃物催化热解的综合研究：催化剂变化、动力学分析和间歇热解

Next Sustainability

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.nxsust.2025.100152

Achyut Kumar Panda, Diptimayee Senapati, Pabitra Mohan Mahapatra

Bakelite poses environmental and health hazards upon disposal, necessitating effective recycling strategies. This study explores catalytic pyrolysis of Bakelite using La₂O₃, CeO₂, and ZrO₂ (2.5, 5, 10 wt%) to assess kinetic, thermodynamic parameters and screen suitable catalysts. The maximum weight loss of Bakelite (62.91 wt%) was observed with 5 wt% La₂O₃. Kinetic analysis shows that Bakelite, with and without La₂O₃ (2.5, 5, and 10 wt%) follows a 1.5th-order mechanism, with activation energies of 83.09, 82.83, 75.43, and 83.41 kJ/mol, and Arrhenius factors of 4.39 × 10 ¹ ², 5.50 × 10 ¹ ², 1.88 × 10 ¹ ², and 4.05 × 10 ¹ ² min⁻¹ , respectively. For a 1.5th-order degradation, pure Bakelite showed ΔS = –0.05 kJ·K⁻¹ ·mol⁻¹ , ΔH = 76.42 kJ/mol, and ΔG = 104.80 kJ/mol; with 5 wt% La₂O₃, these shifted to –0.06 kJ·K⁻¹ ·mol⁻¹ , 72.75 kJ/mol, and 105.16 kJ/mol, respectively. Batch pyrolysis of Bakelite yielded 39.12 wt% condensable, 30.36 wt% gas, and 30.52 wt% residue, which shifted to 45.15, 31.56, and 23.29 wt% with 5 wt% La₂O₃, respectively. GC-MS of pyrolytic oil from bakelite without 5 wt% La₂O₃ showed alkanes, alkenes, aromatics, and oxygenates, including alcohols, ketones, ethers, and esters, while with 5 wt% La₂O₃, alkanes, alkenes, aromatics, and oxygenates like alcohols and esters were detected, confirmed by FTIR. This study proposes a novel catalytic pyrolysis of Bakelite using La₂O₃, CeO₂, and ZrO₂, integrating kinetic and thermodynamic analysis to enhance oil yield, selectivity, and resource recovery from a rarely explored bakelite.

电木在处理时会对环境和健康造成危害，因此需要有效的回收策略。研究了La₂O₃、CeO₂和ZrO₂（2.5,5,10 wt%）对酚醛树脂的催化热解反应，以评估动力学、热力学参数并筛选合适的催化剂。使用5 wt%的La₂O₃，胶木的减重最大（62.91 wt%）。动力学分析表明,胶木,有或没有₂O₃(2.5、5、10 wt %)遵循1.5阶机制,激活能量为83.09,82.83,75.43,和83.41 焦每摩尔,和阿伦尼乌斯因素4.39 ×10  ¹ ², 5.50×10  ¹ ², 1.88×10  ¹ ²,和4.05×10  ¹ ²分钟⁻¹ ,分别。1.5阶退化,纯胶木显示ΔS = -0.05  kJ·K⁻¹ ·摩尔⁻¹ ,ΔH = 76.42  焦每摩尔和ΔG = 104.80  焦每摩尔;用5 wt% La₂O₃，它们分别变成-0.06 kJ·K⁻ ·mol⁻ ，72.75 kJ/mol和105.16 kJ/mol。酚醛间歇热解产生39.12 wt%的可凝物，30.36 wt%的气体和30.52 wt%的残渣，其中5 wt%的La₂O₃分别转化为45.15、31.56和23.29 wt%。不含5 wt% La₂O₃的酚醛热解油的GC-MS显示烷烃、烯烃、芳烃和含氧物，包括醇类、酮类、醚类和酯类，而含有5 wt% La₂O₃的酚醛热解油则检测到烷烃、烯烃、芳烃和含氧物，如醇类和酯类，并通过FTIR证实。该研究提出了一种新的利用La₂O₃、CeO₂和ZrO₂催化热解胶木的方法，结合动力学和热力学分析，提高了一种很少被开发的胶木的产油率、选择性和资源回收率。

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引用次数: 0

Energy performance analysis of residential buildings in Bandar Anzali: Influence of orientation and aspect ratio 安扎利港住宅建筑能源性能分析：朝向和纵横比的影响

Next Sustainability

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.nxsust.2025.100140

Peyman Naghipour , Afshin Naghipour

This study evaluates the effects of orientation and dimensional ratio of residential buildings in Bandar Anzali City of Iran with the aim of optimizing energy consumption. Rapid urbanization and increased construction activities have led to higher greenhouse gas emissions, necessitating effective energy optimization strategies for sustainable urban development. In this research, a mixed-method approach combining quantitative and qualitative analysis was employed, utilizing advanced energy modeling and weather simulations. Design Builder and Ladybug software were used to simulate and analyze energy consumption for various dimension ratios and orientations of a four-story residential building under Anzali’s climatic conditions. The results indicate that buildings with a 1:4 aspect ratio and an east-west orientation exhibit the lowest energy consumption, reaching 166.1 kWh/m², which is 14 % lower compared to a building with a 1:1 ratio. Additionally, the north-south orientation minimizes CO₂ emissions and annual energy usage. The conclusion suggests that Proper selection of building aspect ratio and orientation significantly reduces energy consumption and enhances environmental performance, providing a pathway for sustainable building designs. This research offers practical guidelines for engineers and architects to design energy-efficient buildings, reducing costs and mitigating greenhouse gas emissions. The study introduces novel data-driven insights and practical models for designing sustainable, low-energy buildings in similar climatic regions, serving as a benchmark for future research in energy optimization.

本研究以优化能源消耗为目的，评估伊朗班达尔安扎利市住宅建筑的朝向和空间比例的影响。快速城市化和建筑活动的增加导致温室气体排放增加，需要有效的能源优化战略来实现城市的可持续发展。本研究采用定量与定性相结合的混合方法，利用先进的能源模型和天气模拟。Design Builder和Ladybug软件用于模拟和分析在安扎利气候条件下，不同尺寸比例和朝向的四层住宅建筑的能耗。结果表明，东西向1:4宽高比的建筑能耗最低，为166.1 kWh/m²，比东西向1:1宽高比的建筑能耗低14 %。此外，南北朝向最大限度地减少了二氧化碳排放和年能源消耗。研究结果表明，合理选择建筑宽高比和朝向可以显著降低能耗，提高环境绩效，为可持续建筑设计提供了途径。这项研究为工程师和建筑师设计节能建筑、降低成本和减少温室气体排放提供了实用指南。该研究为在类似气候地区设计可持续的低能耗建筑提供了新的数据驱动的见解和实用模型，为未来的能源优化研究提供了基准。

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引用次数: 0

Using ammonia to upgrade pyrolytic bio-oils to value-added chemicals 利用氨水将热解生物油升级为增值化学品

Next Sustainability

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.nxsust.2025.100135

Samuel M. Drummond , Thossaporn Onsree , Alexis Allegro , James Boyt , Mohsen Esmaeili , Kaveh Shariati , Kanan Shikhaliyev , Victoria Rogers , Jochen Lauterbach

Biomass is a promising, sustainable alternative option to fossil fuels, as it is naturally carbon storing. However, one challenge is that the bio-oil produced from biomass pyrolysis contains large amounts of water and acids (>40 wt%), making it difficult to store and transport. Here, we have produced natural, pyrolytic bio-oils from a pine-hardwood mixture, and then successfully upgraded the bio-oils to aqueous and organic phases using ammonia gas. The aqueous phase, which contained water, ammonium, acetic acid, sugars, and other water-soluble compounds, was used as a fertilizer for ryegrass. The bio-oil based fertilizer significantly improved grass growth compared to a no-fertilizer control and was comparable to commercial fertilizers optimized for grasses, resulting in a grass coverage of double that of the no-fertilizer control. The organic phase contained many aliphatic, aromatic, and oxygenated hydrocarbons. It was tested for combustibility, yielding a heating value of 25.3 ± 1.3 MJ/kg, and upgrading to common hydrocarbon compounds using ZSM-5 catalysts. The upgraded organics contained a mixture of acetonitrile and common crude oil sourced aromatics, with a typical carbon length of between seven and eight carbons, which could be used in fuels or separated for other uses. Overall, this work has demonstrated that upgrading real pyrolytic bio-oils using ammonia is viable, further opening possibilities for biomass to partially replace fossil fuels as a sustainable alternative.

生物质是一种有前途的、可持续的化石燃料替代品，因为它是天然的碳储存。然而，一个挑战是，由生物质热解产生的生物油含有大量的水和酸（>40 wt%），使其难以储存和运输。在这里，我们从松木和硬木混合物中生产出天然的热解生物油，然后使用氨气成功地将生物油升级为水相和有机相。水相含有水、铵、乙酸、糖和其他水溶性化合物，用作黑麦草的肥料。与不施肥相比，生物油基肥料显著改善了草的生长，与为草优化的商业肥料相当，导致草的覆盖率是不施肥的两倍。有机相含有许多脂肪族、芳香族和含氧碳氢化合物。对其进行了可燃性测试，热值为25.3 ± 1.3 MJ/kg，并使用ZSM-5催化剂将其升级为常见的碳氢化合物。升级后的有机物含有乙腈和普通原油来源的芳烃的混合物，典型的碳长度在7到8个碳之间，可以用于燃料或分离用于其他用途。总的来说，这项工作已经证明，使用氨来升级真正的热解生物油是可行的，进一步打开了生物质作为可持续替代品部分取代化石燃料的可能性。

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引用次数: 0

Bacterial cellulose: A new biomaterial for the textile industry 细菌纤维素：一种用于纺织工业的新型生物材料

Next Sustainability

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.nxsust.2025.100211

Ana M. Fernandes, Teresa L. Silva, Carla J. Silva

The textile industry faces increasing pressure to enhance sustainability while meeting the growing demand for textile products. Bacterial cellulose (BC) has emerged as an attractive biomaterial for textile applications. In addition to biodegradability, the textile industry interest in BC is driven by its superior mechanical and structural properties compared to plant-based cellulose. Despite these advantages, the application of BC in the textile industry remains a niche market, with limited commercially available solutions. This review examines the current state of the art on regenerated cellulosic fibres, biocomposites, finishing procedures, including dyeing and functionalization, prototypes and commercial products. The review concludes with a discussion of the limitations of large-scale production of BC, including economic feasibility and sustainability.

纺织工业面临着越来越大的压力，在满足日益增长的纺织品需求的同时提高可持续性。细菌纤维素（BC）已成为一种有吸引力的纺织生物材料。除了生物可降解性外，纺织行业对BC的兴趣是由于其与植物基纤维素相比具有优越的机械和结构性能。尽管有这些优势，BC在纺织工业中的应用仍然是一个利基市场，商业上可用的解决方案有限。本文综述了再生纤维素纤维、生物复合材料、整理工艺（包括染色和功能化）、原型和商业产品的现状。综述最后讨论了大规模生产BC的局限性，包括经济可行性和可持续性。

引用次数: 0

ZnO nanoparticles coated rice husk bio adsorbent for the removal of arsenic, phosphate and fluoride from contaminated water samples ZnO纳米颗粒包被稻壳生物吸附剂去除污染水样中的砷、磷酸盐和氟化物

Next Sustainability

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.nxsust.2025.100129

Md. Iftikar Hussain , Nazrin Akhtara Rahman , Happymoni Dutta , Dipjyoti Dutta , Rekha Rani Dutta

A novel and cost effective bio adsorbent is developed for the removal of As (V), phosphate (PO₄^3-) and fluoride (F-) from water samples by using ZnO nanoparticles coated waste rice husk powder. ZnO nano particles used in this work are synthesized from rotten sweet potato pulp through Chemical precipitation method. The use of rice husk waste as an adsorption support is the key finding and novelty of this work. Integration of ZnO nano with rice husk not only provides high surface area for adsorption but also increase the adsorption rate. The batch adsorption study of the developed bio adsorbent was systematically carried out through the effect of pH, contact time, initial adsorbate concentrations etc. The developed bio adsorbent showed high removal efficiency with a minimum dosage of adsorbent (2 g L⁻¹) and 180 minutes of contact time. The sorption equilibrium data fitted to Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm and kinetic model was studied by nonlinear curve fitting. The sorption equilibrium well to Langmuir (R² = 0.9975) isotherm for arsenic, Freundlich isotherm for both phosphate (R²= 0. 88257) and fluoride (R²= 0.91887). The maximum adsorption capacity is 28.23 mg/g for arsenic, 7.928 mg/g for phosphate and 23.01 mg/g for fluoride obtained from nonlinear curve fitting model. The 100 % removal of As (III) from real contaminated water sample signifies that the developed bio adsorbent will be an excellent opportunity for the removal of toxins from contaminated ground water. The developed bio adsorbent’s working principle is explained through a simple mechanism, highlighting a novel approach in this work.

研究了一种新型高效生物吸附剂，利用ZnO纳米颗粒包覆稻壳粉去除水样中的砷(V)、磷酸（PO43-）和氟化物（F-）。本文采用化学沉淀法以腐烂的甘薯果肉为原料合成氧化锌纳米颗粒。利用稻壳渣作为吸附载体是本研究的重要发现和新颖之处。纳米氧化锌与稻壳的结合不仅提供了大的吸附表面积，而且提高了吸附速率。通过pH、接触时间、初始吸附浓度等因素对所研制的生物吸附剂进行了批量吸附研究。所研制的生物吸附剂在最小吸附剂用量（2 g L−1）和180 min的接触时间下具有较高的去除效果。采用非线性曲线拟合的方法对Langmuir和Freundlich等温线和动力学模型的吸附平衡数据进行了研究。砷的吸附平衡符合Langmuir等温线（R2= 0.9975），磷酸盐的吸附平衡符合Freundlich等温线（R2= 0）。88257)和氟（R2= 0.91887）。非线性曲线拟合模型得到的最大吸附量分别为砷28.23 mg/g、磷酸盐7.928 mg/g和氟化物23.01 mg/g。从实际污染水样中100% %的As （III）去除率表明，所开发的生物吸附剂将是去除污染地下水中毒素的绝佳机会。通过一个简单的机理解释了所开发的生物吸附剂的工作原理，突出了本工作的新方法。

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