Polymer Chemistry最新文献

Flexible sensors have emerged as a transformative technology in human-centered applications, enabling real-time physiological monitoring, human–machine interaction, and adaptive responses through their unique conformability, sensitivity, and multi-modal sensing capabilities. However, achieving both high sensitivity and a broad detection range remains a critical challenge in current flexible strain sensor research. This study introduces a carbon black/thermoplastic polyurethane/carbon black/MXene (CTCM) film sensor featuring a dual-network architecture. The electrospun carbon black/thermoplastic polyurethane (CT) composite acts as a structural scaffold and a primary conductive network, ensuring mechanical compliance. A secondary conductive network, composed of ultrasonically assembled MXene/carbon black nanoparticles, is chemically crosslinked with the CT matrix. This configuration establishes multiscale interfacial coupling that synergistically enhances charge transport and mechanical robustness. Through this hierarchical design—leveraging dual-network interactions and hydrogen bonding reinforcement—the sensor exhibits exceptional performance: a high maximum gauge factor (GF_max = 1765), a 0.1% strain detection limit, rapid response times (62 ms loading and 67 ms unloading), and excellent durability (>8000 cycles at 100% strain). Notably, the tensile strain capability of the composite significantly surpasses that of pure TPU, extending from 97.6% to 298.7%. This dual-network strategy establishes a new paradigm for next-generation wearable electronics, effectively overcoming the typical trade-off between detection breadth and sensitivity via controlled hierarchical charge transport pathways and tailored energy dissipation mechanisms.

Chemoenzymatic methods are essential tools for synthesising a wide range of saccharides and their derivatives, including oligosaccharides, polysaccharides, and glycoconjugates, in the fields of glycotechnology and polymer chemistry. This review summarises recent progress and provides an overview of research on chemoenzymatic synthesis of oligosaccharides and polysaccharides through the combined use of chemical and enzymatic reactions. The methodologies are discussed separately for each class of enzyme: glycosyltransferases, glycan phosphorylases, and glycosyl hydrolases.

Polymer nanomedicines are a transformative class of therapeutics, offering tunable architectures for targeted delivery, controlled release, and improved pharmacokinetics. However, limited understanding of how these systems interact with cellular membranes, undergo internalization, and release their cargo continues to hinder their clinical translation. Membrane interactions are a key determinant of these processes yet remain underexplored in nanomedicine research. This review provides an overview of analytical techniques used to study the interaction of polymers with lipid membranes, drawing on methods from biophysics, physical chemistry, and colloid science. We introduce common model membrane systems and explain how they can complement in vitro studies. A wide range of characterization approaches are discussed, from microscopy and spectroscopy to more advanced scattering and nanomechanical techniques. By illustrating how these methods can be integrated to build a complete mechanistic understanding of dynamic interfacial behaviour, this review aims to bridge disciplinary gaps and support the development of more effective nanomedicines.