Procedia Economics and Finance最新文献

The aim of this paper is to provide empirical evidences of the relationships between the financial abilities towards in the financial statement to the earnings management level (EM) among of public sector companies on Bursa Malaysia from year 2001 until 2012. Primarily, the initial samples comprised 375 selected public listed companies with 4500 firm-years observation. From the samples, those companies who have not implied with the earnings management activities was excluded as a sample of the study. Thus, the final sample of this study was comprises 3971 firm-years observation. The study was adopted the Kothari Model as a measurement model for earnings management level in the business organization. Meanwhile, the findings of this study indicated significant relationships between earnings ability (EAB), financial structure's ability (FSAB), debt repaying ability (DRAB) and non-financial factors (NFF) towards the earnings management level (EM) in the business organization. Therefore, these evidences can be used as new financial mechanisms to potential and existing stakeholders in order to assist them for any decision making purposes.

The field of personality or individual psychology has attracted a lot of researchers around the world to devote their efforts in conceptualizing, assessing, and establishing the nomological nets of various personality models and theories. However, some models and theories of personality are limited in their utilization. For example, there are a lot of instances where researchers are unable to derive a clear factor structure when applying the Big Five Personality Traits in their research works due to cultural and values incompatibility. Therefore, this paper attempts to conceptualize and develop a measure of Islamic Personality Model that addresses the issue of incompatibility through the application of both qualitative and quantitative research design. The proposed model will contribute all communities in addressing the role of Islamic Personality in psychology related fields.

This paper identifies the main attributes that lead to shoppers’ patronage of a shopping mall in the Indian context. The review of literature identifies sixteen salient attributes which converge into the following four main dimensions that can be considered as determinants of shopping mall attractiveness: (1) merchandising (2) variety & selection (3) milieu & facilities, and (4) convenience. The study is important to both practitioners and academics who have an interest and a stake in shopping centres and their patronage. The new found spending power of Indian consumers coupled with the heavy investments in shopping centres makes this study critical for retail practitioners, academics and researchers. This research has shown a fair degree of convergence between the preferences of shoppers in India and shoppers in other parts of the world in the context of shopping mall attribute evaluating criteria. This has important implications for future research.

Economists are now focused on the importance of monetary and fiscal policies. Such policies are tools for economists and policy-makers to correctly direct the economy and facilitate the growth and development of the country. Accordingly, it is critically important for policy-makers in the area of economy to study the efficiency and the effectiveness of such policies. IS-LM-AS is a popular model for analysing these policies within past decades. However, it is not the best model for analysing these policies regarding the advancement of macroeconomics and more precise models presented by economics. IS-MP-AS (Romer, 2000) is a new model solving some of the ordinary problems of IS-LM-AS at the same time having some superiorities.

Failing to optimally use monetary and financial policies, Iran could have not properly developed despite of plentiful natural and human resources. The analysis of policies and their efficiency and effectiveness is, therefore, highly significant in Iran. This paper studies the application of IS-MP-AS to Iran's economy and looks at monetary and fiscal policies in this framework.

Results show that monetary and fiscal policies are highly efficient and effective in Iran's economy and affect the country's natural income. According to the research findings, Iran's GDP is negatively associated with expectation inflation, budget deficiency to GDP ratio, and coin prices and positively related to oil incomes and exchange rates. This can be explained by these five variables.

Real exchange rate movements are crucial for a country's competitiveness, trade flows and testing the validity of Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) theory. So far ample of studies have examined the issue of whether or not PPP holds in Turkey by employing various methods. In this study we examined the validity of PPP theory for Turkey between January 2003 and June 2014, and we concluded that purchasing power parity theory is not valid according to the results of nonlinear unit root test.

Apart from its strength in investigating contemporary phenomena and day-to-day organizational complexities, there are common criticisms that case-study research cannot offer a generalizable conclusion and tends to be idiographic. This research found that case-study research can provide a clear picture of the local-government accountability reporting practice to its larger social context, as it can connect individual activities at the micro level to their environmental setting at the macro level. This was possible due to its strengths in conveying a holistic and rich understanding of issues within which the practice of accountability takes place.

Corporate governance practices have been a concerned issue by many Asian countries after the Asian Financial Crisis in 1997 including Malaysia. Due to the crisis, Malaysian Code of Corporate Governance (MCCG) has been introduced as part of the Bursa Malaysia (BMB) listing rules. This study hence focuses on corporate governance practices among Top 100 public listed companies in Bursa Malaysia and the relationship between corporate governance practices with firm performance. Two corporate governance's indicators (Board size and Board Independence) were chosen in testing the hypothesized relationship between corporate governance practices with firm performance, which was measured by return on asset (ROA) and return on equity (ROE). Descriptive and correlation analysis were used to examine the hypotheses in this study. The result showed that board size has significantly weak negative relationship with ROA but it was found to be insignificant to ROE. The other finding indicated that there was no relationship between board independence and firm performance. This study provide useful information for policy makers or regulators in improving the corporate governance policies in the future and also helps in increasing understanding on the relationship between corporate governance practices and firm's performance.

Some Eurasian countries play major roles in the world energy market as producers of oil and natural gas as well as being energy distribution centers. However, energy intensities of these countries are also very high compared to other transition countries in the world. This study aims at analyzing the relationship between energy consumption and economic growth in Eurasian Countries for 1992-2010 period. Empirical results reveal that energy consumption and economic growth are cointegrated for these countries. Furthermore, there is positive bidirectional causality between energy consumption and economic growth in the long run which supports the feedback hypothesis. Hence, policymakers in the Eurasia region should consider improving the energy infrastructure and increasing the energy supply to achieve higher economic growth when designing energy policies, whereas energy conservation policies should not be implemented for these countries since it may negative effect on economic growth.

Multiple linear regression model was employed to model child under age of five mortality rate and related factors in Asia of year 2010. Data analysis was carried out to find factors which influence the child mortality in Asia. Correlation analysis was done to check on the relationship among all the variables, as well as to identify the problem of multicollinearity in the data. Having fitted multiple linear regression, it was found that mortality rate of children under age of five in Asia countries are significantly influenced by percentage of case detection for all forms of tuberculosis, number of reported deaths on measles, number of population using an improved drinking water source, and number of birth trauma reported. Among those variable, it was identified that number of population using an improved drinking water source is the most important factor.