Procedia Economics and Finance最新文献

Leader always play as an integral part in our daily life. No matter where on earth we are living the elements of leadership always exists in one's community. The purpose of this study is to investigate the importance of perceived leadership elements which is leadership decision making, leadership style, and leadership change flexibility. The study was done among the academic staff at one of public university in Malaysia. 150 questionnaires were administered among various levels of academic staff. Correlation analysis and regression analysis were perform, thus the result indicates that leadership decision making (r=0.55, p=0.001,) shows the highest of positive significant result toward strategic planning compared with other two variables. This research warrant more investigation upon strategic planning and other variables.

New technologies, universal competition, and increased customer demands are imposing organizations to revise how they can benefit from Information Technology (IT) capabilities to do better supply chains management. One of the key essentials to keep organizations in the present economic competition is effective management of their supply chains under uncertainty. The concept of supply chain flexibility intends to specify the ability of a supply chain to perform in satisfaction under uncertainty. However, there is lack of cause and effect modelling in this area. Accordingly, this paper attempts to study the flexibility capabilities of IT-based supply chain, using a Grey-based DEMATEL Method. To this end, according to the literature, four main factors were identified as most important flexibility capabilities of IT-based supply chain which totally include 25 measurement items. Next, to evaluate the cause and effect relationships of factors an online questionnaire link distributed to professors and experts in this subject which finally 20 completed questionnaires collected. To analyze factors interactions using Grey-based DEMATEL method, firstly, experts’ opinions of grey numbers are turned into crisp numbers and all opinions are unified into a single viewpoint. Then the crisp numbers normalized in DEMATEL and total matrix of each factor is calculated. At the end, the values of R, D, R+D and R-D are calculated, which based on these criteria the cause and effect relationships of factors analyzed and flexibility capabilities of IT-based supply chain prioritized.

Customer brand loyalty has been an important area for practitioners in retailing industry due to various developments in the increasingly competitive environment. The objective of the current study is to identify the role of perceived value of the store brand in relationship between store attributes and customer brand loyalty. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data (n=418), from the customers visiting hypermarkets such as Tesco, Aeon Big, Mydin and Giant's in metropolitan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Structural Equation Modeling is employed to analyze the data. The results demonstrate that store attribute has a direct effect on customers’ perceived value as well as on their loyalty with the store brand. The store attribute also has an indirect effect on store brand loyalty via customers’ perceived value of the store brand. The study recommends hypermarkets to understand customers’ perception towards their brand in order to develop better marketing strategy which can enable them differentiate themselves from competitors.

This paper aims to examine the influence of innovation on competitive advantage in foods manufacturing SMEs in Malaysia and the moderating effects of firm age on innovation-competitive advantage relationship. Given the correlational nature of research, the researchers adopted a random sampling technique in Malaysian foods manufacturing SMEs. Mailed structured questionnaires were employed for the collected 220 foods manufacturing SMEs. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used to answer the objectives and hypotheses of the study. Finding of the study revealed that innovation has a strong positive impact on the competitive advantage, in which innovation contributes 73.5 percent variance in competitive advantage. The results indicate that SMEs should invest in innovation to gain competitive advantage. The study also found the moderating effect of firm age on the influence of innovation on competitive advantage. The study suggests a framework for analyzing the impact of innovation on competitive advantage to be applied in other settings of Malaysian SMEs. The findings of this study may be used as a guideline for entrepreneurs to establish network with research organization and universities for innovative activities or program which ultimately may gain competitive advantage in the marketplace. This study contributed to the literature by empirically investigating the effect of innovation on competitive advantage, specifically in foods manufacturing SMEs in Malaysia. Findings and implications of the study are also discussed in this paper.

The experimental approach in whole economical science, despite of rising popularity, is highly uninvestigated. The obvious benefits of this kind of view are often overlook or substitute with more abstract mathematical way, sacrificing precise data for more elegant but sometimes too simplistic model. Thus in this paper we examine a dataset from experiment we designed to investigate the entrepreneurship phenomenon and its driving forces. We used a framework for identify entrepreneurship potential of participants base on the five-factor personality system theory of Costa & McCrae (1992) known as Big-Five. We were able to develop the experimental design, which was able to measure the overconfidence of participants and afterwards model the relationship between all Big-Five dimensions and measured overconfidence.

Nowadays the managers, investors and shareholders are seeking to identify the value sources of an economic entity in order to spot the most suitable destination for their investments. The context of the “new economy” concept stresses the importance of the intangibles assets that becomes greater and greater. Also, many international studies pointed out that performance and growth of the economic entities are driven by the intangibles assets owned, such as software, human capital, organizational structure, R&D investment. In spite of the increasing level of importance of these assets, many of them are not reported in the financial statements, are difficult trying to identify and also difficult to assess, but the endeavor should not be abandoned. This article is intended to show the way the intangibles assets are reported in financial statement of the Romanian economic entities and how they lead performance, growth and value for these companies.

Malaysian hotel websites have received many online visitors but failed to convert it into online booking. Based on a synthesis of literature, this article illustrates a conceptual business model to enhance customer intention to revisit hotel websites to book for hotel rooms. The conceptual model proposes that customer perception on hotel website interactivity influences customer perceived value and intention to revisit the hotel website in the future. This article contributes to the existing body of knowledge by highlighting the importance of each dimension of perceived website interactivity in hotel sector. Its applications in the hospitality business and implications for future research were also discussed.

The main aim of the paper is to analyse the system of cross-border tourism between Poland and Russia. In order to study the system, interviews and surveys were conducted; statistical data, legal documents and other sources were analysed and interpreted. A model of cross-border tourism was used in this article. The key stakeholders of tourism organisational system were specified and links among them were discussed. In relation to the development of cross-border tourism, five types of cross-border areas were distinguished (frontier zone, cross-border administrative area, Euroregions, eligible area of the European Neighbourhood Instrument, local border traffic). This article presents the functioning of the border, an analysis of border traffic in the years 2002-2014 was performed and the causes of fluctuations in such traffic were given. Also the relation between border formalities and the volume of border traffic was discussed. Cross-border cooperation and the introduction of “small border traffic” were proven to increase significantly the volume of cross-border tourism.

Domestic debt is an important tool of government finance for the economies which are vulnerable to budget deficits arising from government expenditures exceeding revenues. This tool used for government fiscal policy is a determinant of macroeconomic stability due to the effects on growth, employment and investment variables. In this context, the analysis of domestic debt dynamics has a vital importance especially for developing economies. As a developing economy for Turkey, the deterioration of fiscal balance after 1990's has led to a consistent increase in domestic debt. Aftermath of 2001 crises, domestic debt was restrained by the fiscal discipline which came into prominence by “Transition to Strong Economic Program”. In this regard, our study examines the structure of domestic debt process in Turkish economy over the period 1998-2015. Firstly, we investigate the linearity of the domestic debt series. Following the examination of non-linearity, we analyze the transition characteristics of domestic debt series by means of STAR (Smooth Transition Autoregressive) model.

This study aims to examine the relationship between economic growth and highly featured development indices using a cross sectional data of 12 countries from both developed and developing world between the years 2000 and 2013. The indices of corruption, democracy, freedom of press, human development, global competitiveness, economic freedom, and the featured development indicators of World Bank such as average schooling years, life expectancy, female labour force participation rate, health expenditures rate in GDP, export rate of high technology, and employment rate are used to investigate the relationship in between economic growth and development indices. In order to exploit this relationship, all individual indices are reformed to produce form a single index, what we call harmonic index. The findings show that the higher scores of harmonic Index are associated with higher GDP per capita all levels except Saudi Arabia.