With the rapid development of modern visual imaging technology, the changes to Peoples life and work patterns in the information age, a series of alterations in the spectrum of diseases have resulted in the emergence of an independent patient group of infectious diseases. The birth of the groups imaging theory system, guideline, standards, and diagnostic and treatment technology platform, followed by the emergence of an innovative discipline-the international infectious diseases imaging discipline construction system, including the aspects detailed below.
To investigate the low-dose chest computed tomography (CT) presentation and dynamic changes in patients with novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) to improve understanding of this highly infectious disease.
The clinical and CT data of 16 patients with COVID-19 were retrospectively analyzed. Dynamic CTs were performed continuously after admission.
Of the patients, 14 were moderate cases, and 2 were severe. Twelve patients underwent CT at the early onset stage. Single nodules or ground-glass opacities (GGOs) were found in 2 patients and multiple bilateral pulmonary lesions in 8 (consolidation-like opacities with or without small nodules in five and large GGOs with interlobular septal thickening in three). Ten had lesion growth and enlargement on the second CT. Fourteen patients underwent CT during the progressive stage, which revealed GGOs and focal consolidation in 6 of them, lung consolidation opacities in 5, and simple, large GGOs with interlobular septal thickening in 3. In both severe cases, the lesions continued to enlarge and grow, and the extent of consolidation continued to expand.
Low-dose chest CT can clearly reflect the morphology, density, and extent of COVID-19 nodules, and is beneficial for observing dynamic nodule changes and disease screening and monitoring.
Granulomatous amoebic encephalitis is a rare progressive infectious disease of the central nervous system with a high mortality rate. It usually presents as multiple ring-enhancing lesions in the brain with surrounding edema evident, while the granulomatous amoeba encephalitis reported in this case is manifested as a solitary mass in the right frontal lobe mimicking intracranial tumors. For the same disease with different imaging manifestations, clinical diagnosis of granulomatous amoeba encephalitis is difficult and may delay the diagnosis and treatment, resulting in increased mortality. The purpose of this article is to raise awareness of this disease and avoid misdiagnosis, given that early diagnosis is crucial for the correct treatment of patients.
Melioidosis is a neglected tropical disease caused by the Burkholderia pseudomallei bacterium. Currently, serologically-proven cases are likely to represent only the ‘tip of the iceberg’ as culture facilities are not widely available within endemic areas. With globally increasing population and temperatures, it is hypothesised that areas which B. pseudomallei is endemic to will expand. Melioidosis confers significant mortality and morbidity and is associated with a diverse range of imaging findings. This pictorial essay aims to describe the common and life-threatening imaging features of melioidosis.
A retrospective review was undertaken on imaging performed in culture-confirmed cases of melioidosis at a single institution over a 5-year period.
Typical and atypical imaging findings demonstrating involvement of multiple organs are presented.
Effective treatment for melioidosis requires early diagnosis and a multi-disciplinary approach with involvement of physicians, surgeons, and interventional radiologists. Where available, early CT imaging should be performed to investigate potential bacterial seeding. Radiologists working in endemic areas or examining returned overseas travellers should be familiar with the imaging findings to aid diagnosis and management in these patients.
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