Results in Materials最新文献

{"title":"Effect of welding current on the mechanical performance and microstructural evolution of GTAW-welded AISI 304 stainless steel butt joints","authors":"Montri Sangsuriyun ,&nbsp;Prayoon Surin ,&nbsp;Pramot Srinoi ,&nbsp;Somkiat Thermsuk","doi":"10.1016/j.rinma.2026.100903","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rinma.2026.100903","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Precise control of heat input is critical in Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW) of thin-section stainless steels to ensure sound fusion, microstructural stability, and reliable mechanical performance. This study systematically investigates the influence of welding current (15–40 A) on bead morphology, microstructural evolution, and mechanical behavior of autogenously welded AISI 304 stainless steel. To isolate the effect of welding current, all experiments were conducted under constant shielding gas flow rate and travel speed. Microstructural characterization was performed using optical microscopy, while mechanical performance was evaluated through microhardness profiling and tensile testing across the weld metal (WM), heat-affected zone (HAZ), and base metal (BM). The results indicate that welding current strongly governs grain morphology, HAZ width, and overall joint integrity. The base metal exhibited the highest hardness (∼202 HV), whereas the HAZ showed the lowest hardness as a result of thermal softening. Although the maximum ultimate tensile strength (∼350 MPa) was obtained at 40 A, excessive heat input promoted grain coarsening and non-uniform HAZ development, adversely affecting metallurgical stability. In contrast, insufficient heat input at low currents (15–20 A) resulted in incomplete fusion and reduced joint efficiency. A favorable balance between fusion quality and microstructural refinement was consistently achieved within the 25–30 A range, producing fine austenitic grains, smooth hardness gradients, and stable tensile performance. Taken together, these results clarify the structure-property relationships governed by welding current and highlight the importance of heat-input optimization in GTAW. The findings provide practical guidance for parameter selection and quality control in the fabrication of thin-walled AISI 304 stainless-steel components requiring high structural reliability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101087,"journal":{"name":"Results in Materials","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 100903"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146090703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Valorization of palm kernel shell waste in fired clay bricks: Multi-scale characterization and sustainable applications","authors":"Hamka Hamka Adolphe Claudel ,&nbsp;Djomi Rolland ,&nbsp;Olembe Roland Yves ,&nbsp;Cyrille Ghislain Fotsop ,&nbsp;Kan Gaël Delore ,&nbsp;Tewa Jules ,&nbsp;Pecheu Nkepdep Chancellin ,&nbsp;Tchotang Theodore","doi":"10.1016/j.rinma.2026.100896","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rinma.2026.100896","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the effects of palm kernel shell powder as a bio-additive in clay bricks fired at 900 °C a firing temperature representative of industrial practice in Central and West Africa and specifically recommended for Cameroonian clays. Bricks incorporating varying PKS dosages (0–60 %) were analyzed for their physicochemical and thermomechanical properties. Results show that PKS addition reduces density but increases loss on ignition, water absorption, and linear shrinkage. Mechanical strength decreases significantly with higher PKS content, limiting structural applications to ≤25 % PKS, while higher contents (&gt;35 %) show potential for thermal insulation due to enhanced porosity. Regarding the bricks' chemical properties, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) mapping identified the various atoms present in each sample (C, O, Mg, Fe, Si, Al, Na, K, and Ti). Furthermore, FTIR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy) and XRD (X-ray diffraction) confirmed the crystalline nature of kaolinite and revealed the amorphous structure of the shell powder in the material after heating it to 900 °C. These findings were corroborated by TGA, DTA, and DTG analyses. Regarding mechanical properties, the compressive and flexural strengths of bricks fired at 900 °C and containing the bio-additive decreased significantly with increasing palm kernel shell powder content in the composite. An optimal compromise was identified at 25 wt% PKS, yielding a lightweight brick (970.90 kg/m³) with a compressive strength of 5.8 MPa, suitable for non-loadbearing applications while reducing raw clay consumption by one quarter.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101087,"journal":{"name":"Results in Materials","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 100896"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146090698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anisotropic dynamic properties evaluation of local sand in Bangladesh by cyclic triaxial test","authors":"Md. Foisal Haque ,&nbsp;Md. Assaduzzaman ,&nbsp;Mehedi Ahmed Ansary","doi":"10.1016/j.rinma.2026.100904","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rinma.2026.100904","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The sand shows an anisotropic behavior in reality. For this purpose, this research evaluated the anisotropic properties (i.e., strains, deviatoric stress, pore pressure, and Poisson's ratio) of the local sand in Bangladesh under the uniform sinusoidal loading by the cyclic triaxial test. The grain size distribution provided fundamental properties of sand, which were used during the triaxial test. The lateral strain of the local sand is 84.6 % higher than that of the vertical strain due to the lower stiffness in the lateral direction compared to the vertical. The maximum and failure Poisson's ratios are obtained to be 0.5 and 0.894, respectively. The failure Poisson's ratio indicates the worst condition of sand, which may not be suitable for the application in engineering practice. Also, the buildup of excessive pore pressure inside the sand particles indicates the liquefaction phenomenon. In addition, the decrement of the pore pressure from the peak point informs the failure condition of sand. However, these properties of the sand may help engineers in practice to know preliminary information.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101087,"journal":{"name":"Results in Materials","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 100904"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146090702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Green synthesis using carambola fruit juice and effects of point defects in ZnO nanostructures caused by concentration of Cu2+ or Ti4+ and Cu2+/Ti4+ Co-doping","authors":"Ekane Peter Etape ,&nbsp;Michael Sone Ekonde ,&nbsp;Edwin Akongnwi Nforna ,&nbsp;Enongene Edwin Ewane ,&nbsp;Roussin Lontio Fomekong ,&nbsp;Beckley Victorine Namondo ,&nbsp;Tanto Carine Ngwankfu ,&nbsp;Tih Fabel Teunyui ,&nbsp;Atuse Elvis Ndikum ,&nbsp;Josepha Foba Tendo","doi":"10.1016/j.rinma.2026.100901","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rinma.2026.100901","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Zinc oxide (ZnO) is an n-type semiconductor with excellent industrial and technological application properties, whose poor optical and electrical properties are attributed to point defects. In an effort to tailor the properties, ZnO was synthesized via a modified oxalate route using carambola fruit juice as a precipitating agent and doped with Ti, Cu, or Cu/Ti to evaluate the influence of the dopant ions and concentration on the ZnO microstructure. The synthesized ZnO NPs adopted a wurtzite hexagonal structure with space group <em>P</em>6₃<em>mc</em>, which changed to p3 as the Cu concentration in the ZnO microstructure increased close to that of Zn. Infrared (IR) spectra of the single-molecule precursor revealed the formation of metallic oxalates. The influences of Cu²⁺, Ti^4+, and Cu²⁺/Ti⁴⁺ doping on the microstructure, morphology, and optical properties of the synthesized ZnO were studied. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) confirmed the modification of the morphology from cuboidal to porous spherical nanostructures. The PXRD results revealed an insignificant contraction in the cell volume as the dopant elements replaced Zn ions in the microstructure (Ti_0.02Cu_0.02Zn_0.96O, 0.^{5271 nm3} and ZnO, 0.5288 nm^3), but doping improved the mechanical properties, such as the dislocation density, microstrain, and specific surface area, and optical properties, such as the absorbance and optical band gap. Ti_0.02Cu_0.02Zn_0.98O showed a 17.17 % decrease in microstrain, a 9.63 % decrease in dislocation density, and a 5.61 % increase in specific surface area alongside a reduction in the optical band gap within the range of 3.116 eV–2.998 eV. Additionally, the EDS results confirmed the incorporation of various dopant ions within the corresponding microstructures of ZnO. The results also revealed a modification in the crystallite size distributions. These new materials (Cu_0.42Zn_0.58O and Ti_0.02Cu_0.02Zn_0.96O) exhibited greater mechanical stability and a significant propensity for improved microstructural and optical properties, which could potentially modify electrical properties such as conductivity. Therefore, the newly synthesized samples have been confirmed to exhibit improved mechanical and optoelectronic properties compared to those of the parent zinc oxide.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101087,"journal":{"name":"Results in Materials","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 100901"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146090704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation between the microstructure and mechanical properties of dissimilar AISI 309 and 430 stainless steel joints welded via pulsed GTAW","authors":"Hossein Hosseini Tayeb ,&nbsp;Seyed Safi Seyedpour ,&nbsp;Seyed Mahdi Rafiaei","doi":"10.1016/j.rinma.2026.100905","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rinma.2026.100905","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The current study investigates the joining of dissimilar AISI 430 ferritic and AISI 309 austenitic stainless steels, a combination relevant for applications requiring a transition from corrosion-resistant to cost-effective sections in industries like thermal power and petrochemicals. The work quantitatively correlates the microstructure and mechanical properties of joints welded using pulsed-current Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW). Two filler metals, ERNiCrMo-3 (Inconel 625) and ER309L, were used under constant current and two pulsed current ratios (0.25 and 0.5). Microstructural analysis revealed that a 50 % pulse ratio yielded the optimal refinement: Inconel 625 welds exhibited a threefold reduction in austenitic dendritic grain size (from 36 μm to 14 μm), while ER309L welds developed a fine mixture of acicular and lath ferrite. This microstructural refinement directly enhanced mechanical properties through the Hall-Petch mechanism, resulting in peak average weld metal hardness values of 250 HV and 398 HV for the Inconel and ER309L joints, respectively. Despite this weld metal strengthening, tensile tests consistently showed fracture in the heat-affected zone (HAZ) of the AISI 309 base metal (ultimate tensile strength ∼650 MPa), with all joints achieving a nearly identical tensile strength of 485 MPa. The key conclusion is that while pulsed GTAW significantly optimizes weld metal microstructure and hardness, the overall joint strength is ultimately governed by the mechanical limit of the weaker AISI 309 base metal component.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101087,"journal":{"name":"Results in Materials","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 100905"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146090696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cyclic heat treatment (CHT): A technique for enhancement of strength-ductility synergy in low-carbon steel","authors":"Hadis Homay Razavi,&nbsp;Roohollah Jamaati,&nbsp;Mohammad Rajabi,&nbsp;Mohabbat Amirnejad","doi":"10.1016/j.rinma.2026.100899","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rinma.2026.100899","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the present work, to increase the strength-ductility balance and eliminate the yield point phenomenon in low-carbon steel (Fe-0.09C), the high-temperature austenitization and cyclic heat treatment (CHT) followed by water quenching were performed. The microstructures of all CHT samples showed a combination of fine and coarse grains due to different austenite nucleation in cementite-rich and cementite-free grain boundaries. The microstructure of the CHT sheets at 810 °C consisted of ferrite, grain boundary cementite, and a low fraction of martensite with low tetragonality. However, the microstructure of the CHT sheets at 860 °C showed ferrite, hard martensite, and retained austenite. With the increase in the number of CHT cycles, the grain size of ferrite slightly increased. Also, the grain size in the heat-treated sheets at 810 °C was slightly smaller than the heat-treated sheets at 860 °C due to the dissolution of more grain boundary cementite. The yield point phenomenon (YPP) was severe at the lower CHT temperature owing to the smaller martensite fraction. With the increase in the number of heat treatment cycles, the yield point elongation increased due to the decrease in the amount of carbon in the formed martensites, and as a result, the decrease in tetragonality, the reduction in volume changes, and the decrease in the density of geometrically necessary dislocations in this sample. The heat-treated sheets at 860 °C had higher strength compared to the heat-treated sheets at 810 °C, owing to the formation of more martensite in the heat-treated steels at 860 °C. The CHT sample at 860 °C after the fourth cycle exhibited the best strength-ductility balance, and the YPP was completely eliminated owing to the formation of retained austenite and hard martensite. In this sample, an unexpected strain-hardening behavior (recovery of strain-hardening rate) was seen as caused by the formation of twins in the retained austenite. Severe necking and the formation of large and deep dimples indicated that all samples have experienced intense plastic deformation (ductile fracture). Many grain boundary dimples were present on the fracture surface of the heat-treated samples at 810 °C.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101087,"journal":{"name":"Results in Materials","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 100899"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146090705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization of ciprofloxacin and metronidazole removal from wastewater using modified zeolite-iron oxide nanocomposites","authors":"Collins Kiguli,&nbsp;Michael Lubwama,&nbsp;Medard Turyasingura,&nbsp;Joseph Jjagwe,&nbsp;Peter Wilberforce Olupot","doi":"10.1016/j.rinma.2026.100900","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rinma.2026.100900","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The increasing presence of pharmaceutical antibiotics in water systems necessitates research into sustainable, cost-effective water treatment alternatives. This study developed a zeolite – iron oxide nanocomposite, modified with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide surfactant (<em>CTAB</em>) using the coprecipitation method. The nanocomposite was characterized using X-ray fluorescence, X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy, Zeta Sizer and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analyses. The nanocomposite was employed in removal of two common pharmaceutical contaminants from water, namely, Ciprofloxacin (<em>Cipro</em>) and Metronidazole (<em>Metro</em>). Central Composite Design of Response Surface Methodology, was used to assess the influence of pH (3–11), contact time (10–90 min), initial pharmaceutical concentration (0.2–1 mg/L) and adsorbent dosage (0.1–0.5 g) on removal efficiency of the pharmaceuticals. The developed nanocomposite was porous with particle size of 51–69 nm and surface area 129.41 m²/g. The optimal pH (5), contact time (70 min), initial pharmaceutical concentration (0.4 mg/L) and adsorbent dosage (0.4 g) resulted in <em>Cipro</em> and <em>Metro</em> removal of 99.12 % and 99.03 % respectively. The adsorption process followed Langmuir isotherm model and pseudo-second-order kinetics, with R² = 0.99 for both models, thus demonstrating a strong fit. Tests with pharmaceutical plant effluent revealed that over 90 % contaminants, including selected pharmaceuticals and organic matter, were removed under optimal conditions. Effective pharmaceutical adsorption occurs after the removal of organic matter, as this reduces the competition for active sites. These results demonstrate the potential of nanocomposite to remove pharmaceuticals and other organic constituents from wastewater.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101087,"journal":{"name":"Results in Materials","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 100900"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146090699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low-cost ZnO nanorod-based hydrogen gas sensor with dipole-induced H2 sensing mechanism","authors":"Nusayba A. Albadarin ,&nbsp;Mohammad Kouali ,&nbsp;Ahmed Abdou ,&nbsp;Mohammad Hafizuddin Haji Jumali","doi":"10.1016/j.rinma.2026.100898","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rinma.2026.100898","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hydrogen (H₂) is a highly flammable and colorless gas, necessitating the development of reliable, low-cost sensors for its safe detection in industrial and environmental settings. In this work, one-dimensional (1D) zinc oxide (ZnO) nanorods were synthesized on glass substrates using a cost-effective aqueous hydrothermal method and investigated for H₂ gas sensing applications. Structural and morphological analyses confirmed the formation of vertically aligned ZnO nanorods with a hexagonal wurtzite structure, high crystallinity, and uniform c-axis growth. Electrical characterization exhibited linear current–voltage (I–V) behavior, consistent with Ohmic conduction. Upon exposure to 2000 ppm of H₂ gas, the sensor's resistance decreased from 0.623 MΩ to 0.563 MΩ, indicating a clear and repeatable sensing response. However, only a partial recovery to 0.566 MΩ was observed after 5 min in air, suggesting moderate recovery behavior under the tested conditions. The sensing mechanism is attributed to dipole-induced dipole interactions between the anisotropic ZnO surface and non-polar H₂ molecules. These findings demonstrate that ZnO nanorods offer strong potential as low-cost, sensitive hydrogen gas sensors, though further optimization is needed to improve response dynamics and recovery performance for practical deployment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101087,"journal":{"name":"Results in Materials","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 100898"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146037977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prediction of residual stress in wire electrical discharge machining of aluminum carbon silicide metal matrix composite using an artificial neural network approach","authors":"Y.S. Sable,&nbsp;H.M. Dharmadhikari","doi":"10.1016/j.rinma.2026.100895","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rinma.2026.100895","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Machining of aluminum–silicon carbide (Al/SiC) metal matrix composites (MMCs) using conventional machining methods is difficult due to the presence of hard and abrasive SiC reinforcement particles, which cause tool wear and poor surface integrity. Consequently, non-conventional machining methods are preferred for processing such composites. Among these, Wire Electrical Discharge Machining (WEDM) is widely practiced due to its ability to machine complex geometries with high precision. However, in WEDM, effective control of residual stress is critical to ensure the structural integrity and long service life of Al/SiC MMC components. The aim of this project is to develop an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model predicting the residual stress value in WEDM of Al/SiC MMC, considering five input parameters: Pulse on Time, Pulse off Time, Peak Current, Servo Voltage, and Wire Tension. Coefficient of determination R² values of 0.99996 for training, 0.99999 for testing, and 0.99998 for validation show that the ANN model successfully captures the relationship between WEDM parameters and residual stress and lessens the need for lengthy experiments. The project concludes that ANN-based prediction is a reliable tool for optimizing WEDM processes and improving the mechanical performance of Al/SiC MMC components.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101087,"journal":{"name":"Results in Materials","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 100895"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146037975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nano-cotton electrospinning for advanced fiber fabrication: A novel method for structuring cellulose-based nanofibers","authors":"Xavier Lewis ,&nbsp;Lyana Green ,&nbsp;Madison Higgins ,&nbsp;Gary Coffman ,&nbsp;Korey Pritt ,&nbsp;Anthony Marinaro ,&nbsp;Prabir Patra ,&nbsp;Arka Chattopadhyay ,&nbsp;Nasim Nosoudi","doi":"10.1016/j.rinma.2026.100889","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rinma.2026.100889","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Electrospinning cotton-derived cellulose into continuous, uniform nanofibers has remained a longstanding challenge due to the high crystallinity, limited solubility, and high degree of polymerization of native cotton. In this study, we present a novel and reproducible electrospinning platform that uniquely integrates monoethanolamine (MEA) into a copper–amine dissolution system, overcoming these barriers and enabling scalable nanofiber fabrication directly from raw cotton.</div><div>The incorporation of MEA plays a central role by enhancing copper ion complexation, improving cellulose dissolution, and stabilizing the spinning solution, which collectively allow the formation of continuous, bead-free nanofibers. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) confirmed highly uniform fiber morphology with an average diameter of 104 ± 35 nm, while X-ray diffraction (XRD) revealed a controlled polymorphic transformation from cellulose I to cellulose II upon sequential washing. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) further demonstrated the removal of copper and amines, evidenced by the disappearance of Cu–O and Cu–N coordination bands associated with copper–amine complexes, while preserving the cellulose backbone. Mechanical testing showed that the regenerated nanofibers retain moderate stiffness (elastic modulus: 61.67 ± 23.5 MPa), making them suitable for functional and structural applications.</div><div>This MEA-enhanced electrospinning strategy addresses critical limitations of conventional copper–EDA and ionic liquid-based systems by providing a simpler, environmentally conscious, and reproducible pathway for converting high-crystallinity cotton into structurally uniform nanoscale fibers. These findings establish a scalable platform for producing next-generation cellulose-based materials with potential applications in biomedical scaffolds, sustainable textiles, filtration membranes, and functional composites.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101087,"journal":{"name":"Results in Materials","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 100889"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145977519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}