Results in Materials最新文献_第3页

When nanoparticles hurt: A critical assessment of SiO2 and Al2O3 in cement mortar 当纳米颗粒伤害：水泥砂浆中SiO2和Al2O3的关键评估

Results in Materials

Pub Date : 2026-01-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.rinma.2026.100887

Ali A. Salman , Mohammed Ali Abdulrehman , Ahmed Hafedh Mohammed , Hussam A. Goaiz

The combined interactive effect of SiO₂ and Al₂O₃ nanoparticles is illustrated in this paper on the mechanical and microstructural properties of cement mortar in hot climatic conditions similar to that in Baghdad/Basra city. The aim was to investigate the effect of various doses (0–2.0 wt %) of nanoparticles with emphasis on workability, compressive and flexural strength, drying shrinkage, and thermal conductivity. In an attempt to simulate more practical results that are similar to the location characteristics, the tested specimens are further submitted to 45 °C with 40 km/h wind speeds and 30–35 % relative humidity after testing. The microstructural properties and analysis are further carried out by SEM techniques, mercury intrusion porosimetry analysis (MIP), and helium pycnometry analysis. The result shows that the lower dosages (≤1.0 wt %) of nanoparticles led to more desirable packing density and strength with lower shrinkage. At higher dosages, there is more agglomeration with higher open porosity as well as poor mechanical properties. The study determines that there exists a dosage beyond which the use of nanoparticles is more hazardous than beneficial and thus draws attention to the need to optimize such dosages with hot and windy conditions.

在类似于巴格达/巴士拉市的高温气候条件下，SiO2和Al2O3纳米颗粒对水泥砂浆力学和微观结构性能的共同作用。目的是研究不同剂量（0-2.0 wt %）纳米颗粒对可加工性、抗压和抗弯强度、干燥收缩率和导热性的影响。为了模拟更接近于位置特征的实际结果，测试后将试件进一步提交至45℃，风速40 km/h，相对湿度30 - 35%。利用扫描电镜（SEM）、压汞孔隙度分析（MIP）和氦密度分析等方法对其微观结构进行了分析。结果表明，较低的纳米颗粒用量（≤1.0 wt %）可以获得更理想的填充密度和强度，同时收缩率也较低。在较高的剂量下，有更多的团聚，更大的开孔率和力学性能差。该研究确定存在一个剂量，超过这个剂量使用纳米颗粒的危害大于益处，因此引起人们注意在炎热和多风的条件下优化这种剂量的必要性。

{"title":"When nanoparticles hurt: A critical assessment of SiO2 and Al2O3 in cement mortar","authors":"Ali A. Salman , Mohammed Ali Abdulrehman , Ahmed Hafedh Mohammed , Hussam A. Goaiz","doi":"10.1016/j.rinma.2026.100887","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rinma.2026.100887","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The combined interactive effect of SiO<sub>2</sub> and Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanoparticles is illustrated in this paper on the mechanical and microstructural properties of cement mortar in hot climatic conditions similar to that in Baghdad/Basra city. The aim was to investigate the effect of various doses (0–2.0 wt %) of nanoparticles with emphasis on workability, compressive and flexural strength, drying shrinkage, and thermal conductivity. In an attempt to simulate more practical results that are similar to the location characteristics, the tested specimens are further submitted to 45 °C with 40 km/h wind speeds and 30–35 % relative humidity after testing. The microstructural properties and analysis are further carried out by SEM techniques, mercury intrusion porosimetry analysis (MIP), and helium pycnometry analysis. The result shows that the lower dosages (≤1.0 wt %) of nanoparticles led to more desirable packing density and strength with lower shrinkage. At higher dosages, there is more agglomeration with higher open porosity as well as poor mechanical properties. The study determines that there exists a dosage beyond which the use of nanoparticles is more hazardous than beneficial and thus draws attention to the need to optimize such dosages with hot and windy conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101087,"journal":{"name":"Results in Materials","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 100887"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145939044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Study of phase constituents, microstructural evolution, tensile properties and micro-Vickers hardness of as-cast and water quenched Ti-Mo-Fe alloys 铸态和水淬态Ti-Mo-Fe合金的相组成、显微组织演变、拉伸性能和显微维氏硬度研究

Results in Materials

Pub Date : 2026-01-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.rinma.2026.100885

Nthabiseng Abigail Moshokoa , Elizabeth Makhatha , Lerato Raganya , Nkutwane Washington Makoana , Donald Mkhonto , Maje Phasha

This study investigates phase constituents, microstructural evolution, tensile properties and micro-Vickers hardness of as-cast (AC) and water quenched (WQ) Ti-Mo-Fe alloys with varying molybdenum and iron contents. Three ternary alloys with Ti-8.6Mo-3.3Fe (TMF4), Ti-13Mo-2.2Fe (TMF5), and Ti-16.5Mo-1.1Fe (TMF6) compositions were designed from three theoretical methods, namely, electron per atom (e/a) ratio, the molybdenum equivalence (Moeq) and the Bo-Md. These alloys were cast using the arc melting furnace operating under inert atmosphere, followed by solution treatment and quenching. Different characterization techniques were used to analyse the microstructural evolution and phase constituents of the alloys XRD patterns of TMF4 and TMF5 samples in both AC and WQ conditions showed the presence of β and α″ phases whereas XRD peaks of TMF6 alloy in both conditions belonged to only β phase. Optical micrographs of all studied alloys in AC and WQ conditions showed only β equiaxed grains with different grain sizes. The EBSD phase maps of WQ TMF5 and TMF6 alloys revealed the presence of ω and β phases. It was illustrated that with an increase in β stability, the ultimate tensile strength (UTS) decreased slightly from 547 MPa to 540 MPa while elastic modulus of TMF5 and TMF6 decreased from 88 GPa to 74 GPa respectively.

研究了不同钼和铁含量的铸态（AC）和水淬态（WQ） Ti-Mo-Fe合金的相组成、显微组织演变、拉伸性能和显微维氏硬度。采用原子电子数（e/a）比、钼当量（Moeq）和Bo-Md三种理论方法，设计了Ti-8.6Mo-3.3Fe （TMF4）、Ti-13Mo-2.2Fe （TMF5）和Ti-16.5Mo-1.1Fe （TMF6）三元合金。这些合金是在惰性气氛下使用电弧熔炼炉铸造的，然后进行固溶处理和淬火。采用不同的表征技术分析了合金的显微组织演变和相组成，在AC和WQ条件下TMF4和TMF5样品的XRD谱图均显示存在β和α″相，而TMF6合金在两种条件下的XRD谱峰均属于β相。所有合金在AC和WQ条件下的光学显微图均显示出不同晶粒尺寸的β等轴晶粒。WQ TMF5和TMF6合金的EBSD相图显示存在ω和β相。结果表明，随着β稳定性的增加，TMF5和TMF6的极限抗拉强度（UTS）从547 MPa略微下降到540 MPa，而弹性模量分别从88 GPa下降到74 GPa。

{"title":"Study of phase constituents, microstructural evolution, tensile properties and micro-Vickers hardness of as-cast and water quenched Ti-Mo-Fe alloys","authors":"Nthabiseng Abigail Moshokoa , Elizabeth Makhatha , Lerato Raganya , Nkutwane Washington Makoana , Donald Mkhonto , Maje Phasha","doi":"10.1016/j.rinma.2026.100885","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rinma.2026.100885","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates phase constituents, microstructural evolution, tensile properties and micro-Vickers hardness of as-cast (AC) and water quenched (WQ) Ti-Mo-Fe alloys with varying molybdenum and iron contents. Three ternary alloys with Ti-8.6Mo-3.3Fe (TMF4), Ti-13Mo-2.2Fe (TMF5), and Ti-16.5Mo-1.1Fe (TMF6) compositions were designed from three theoretical methods, namely, electron per atom (<em>e/a</em>) ratio, the molybdenum equivalence (<em>Moeq</em>) and the <em>Bo-Md</em>. These alloys were cast using the arc melting furnace operating under inert atmosphere, followed by solution treatment and quenching. Different characterization techniques were used to analyse the microstructural evolution and phase constituents of the alloys XRD patterns of TMF4 and TMF5 samples in both AC and WQ conditions showed the presence of β and α″ phases whereas XRD peaks of TMF6 alloy in both conditions belonged to only β phase. Optical micrographs of all studied alloys in AC and WQ conditions showed only β equiaxed grains with different grain sizes. The EBSD phase maps of WQ TMF5 and TMF6 alloys revealed the presence of ω and β phases. It was illustrated that with an increase in β stability, the ultimate tensile strength (UTS) decreased slightly from 547 MPa to 540 MPa while elastic modulus of TMF5 and TMF6 decreased from 88 GPa to 74 GPa respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101087,"journal":{"name":"Results in Materials","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 100885"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145939072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

DFT study of structural, mechanical, electronic, and thermoelectric properties of YNbNi2X2 (X=Si or Ge) double half-Heusler alloy YNbNi2X2 （X=Si或Ge）双半heusler合金的结构、力学、电子和热电性能的DFT研究

Results in Materials

Pub Date : 2025-12-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.rinma.2025.100882

Job W. Wafula , George S. Manyali , John W. Makokha

This work examines the structural, mechanical, electronic, and thermoelectric characteristics of YNbNi

_{2}

X

_{2}

(X = Si, Ge) double half-Heusler alloys using density functional theory (DFT) computations. Thermodynamic stability was demonstrated by formation energy estimates, and mechanical parameters show ductile behavior with good mechanical stability. YNbNi

_{2}

Si

_{2}

and YNbNi

_{2}

Ge

_{2}

exhibit semiconducting characteristics, with indirect band gaps of 0.51 eV and 0.56 eV, respectively. The Boltzmann transport equation is used to investigate thermoelectric properties, which yield promising Seebeck coefficients and electrical conductivities. The dimensionless figure of merit (ZT) for YNbNi

_{2}

Ge

_{2}

and YNbNi

_{2}

Si

_{2}

peaks at 0.85 and 0.68 at 300 K respectively. However, these values should be regarded as upper limits, as only the electronic contribution to thermal conductivity was considered, and the lattice contribution was not explicitly calculated. The figure of merit (

Z T

) increases with temperature suggesting that these are potential materials for energy harvesting applications at high temperature.

本文利用密度泛函理论（DFT）计算研究了YNbNi2X2 （X = Si, Ge）双半heusler合金的结构、机械、电子和热电特性。地层能量估算证明了热力学稳定性，力学参数表现出延展性，具有良好的力学稳定性。YNbNi2Si2和YNbNi2Ge2具有半导体特性，间接带隙分别为0.51 eV和0.56 eV。玻尔兹曼输运方程用于研究热电性质，从而产生有希望的塞贝克系数和电导率。在300 K时，YNbNi2Ge2和YNbNi2Si2的无因次优值（ZT）分别达到0.85和0.68。然而，这些值应被视为上限，因为只考虑了电子对导热系数的贡献，而没有明确计算晶格的贡献。优点值（ZT）随着温度的升高而增加，这表明这些材料是在高温下能量收集应用的潜在材料。

{"title":"DFT study of structural, mechanical, electronic, and thermoelectric properties of YNbNi2X2 (X=Si or Ge) double half-Heusler alloy","authors":"Job W. Wafula , George S. Manyali , John W. Makokha","doi":"10.1016/j.rinma.2025.100882","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rinma.2025.100882","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work examines the structural, mechanical, electronic, and thermoelectric characteristics of YNbNi<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>X<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> (X = Si, Ge) double half-Heusler alloys using density functional theory (DFT) computations. Thermodynamic stability was demonstrated by formation energy estimates, and mechanical parameters show ductile behavior with good mechanical stability. YNbNi<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>Si<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> and YNbNi<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>Ge<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> exhibit semiconducting characteristics, with indirect band gaps of 0.51 eV and 0.56 eV, respectively. The Boltzmann transport equation is used to investigate thermoelectric properties, which yield promising Seebeck coefficients and electrical conductivities. The dimensionless figure of merit (ZT) for YNbNi<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>Ge<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> and YNbNi<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>Si<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> peaks at 0.85 and 0.68 at 300 K respectively. However, these values should be regarded as upper limits, as only the electronic contribution to thermal conductivity was considered, and the lattice contribution was not explicitly calculated. The figure of merit (<span><math><mrow><mi>Z</mi><mi>T</mi></mrow></math></span>) increases with temperature suggesting that these are potential materials for energy harvesting applications at high temperature.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101087,"journal":{"name":"Results in Materials","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 100882"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145939069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Investigating the effect of annealing on the forming limit and mechanical properties of tri-layer copper/304L stainless steel /copper composite sheets 研究了退火对三层铜/304L不锈钢/铜复合板材成形极限和力学性能的影响

Results in Materials

Pub Date : 2025-12-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.rinma.2025.100883

Seyed Mohammad Ali Mortazavi Moghadam, Ramin Hashemi

In addition to mechanical resistance, ductility is an essential property of multilayer metal composites. Therefore, in this study, the effect of annealing temperature (450, 600, and 750 °C) on the mechanical properties and ductility of copper/304L stainless steel/copper composite (Cu/304L/Cu) sheets produced by cold roll bonding (CRB) was investigated. The results showed that the CRB process significantly increases tensile strength and hardness, while decreasing elongation. However, due to recrystallization, the annealing treatment can moderate the effects of these changes in mechanical properties. Also, the composite's microstructure shows that at 600 °C, complete crystallization occurs in the 304L steel layer. Also, dimples in the SEM images indicate ductile fracture in the annealed samples. The dimples become deeper as the annealing temperature increases, confirming the greater formability. In addition, after plotting the forming limit diagram, it was found that the annealing heat treatment improves the ductility of the Cu/304L/Cu composite.

除了机械阻力，延展性是多层金属复合材料的基本性能。因此，在本研究中，研究了退火温度（450、600和750℃）对冷轧结合（CRB）生产的铜/304L不锈钢/铜复合材料（Cu/304L/Cu）板的力学性能和塑性的影响。结果表明：CRB工艺显著提高了合金的抗拉强度和硬度，降低了伸长率；然而，由于再结晶，退火处理可以缓和这些机械性能变化的影响。复合材料的显微组织表明，在600℃时，304L钢层发生了完全的结晶。此外，扫描电镜图像中的韧窝表明退火样品的韧性断裂。随着退火温度的升高，韧窝变深，证实了较高的成形性。此外，绘制成形极限图后，发现退火热处理提高了Cu/304L/Cu复合材料的塑性。

{"title":"Investigating the effect of annealing on the forming limit and mechanical properties of tri-layer copper/304L stainless steel /copper composite sheets","authors":"Seyed Mohammad Ali Mortazavi Moghadam, Ramin Hashemi","doi":"10.1016/j.rinma.2025.100883","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rinma.2025.100883","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In addition to mechanical resistance, ductility is an essential property of multilayer metal composites. Therefore, in this study, the effect of annealing temperature (450, 600, and 750 °C) on the mechanical properties and ductility of copper/304L stainless steel/copper composite (Cu/304L/Cu) sheets produced by cold roll bonding (CRB) was investigated. The results showed that the CRB process significantly increases tensile strength and hardness, while decreasing elongation. However, due to recrystallization, the annealing treatment can moderate the effects of these changes in mechanical properties. Also, the composite's microstructure shows that at 600 °C, complete crystallization occurs in the 304L steel layer. Also, dimples in the SEM images indicate ductile fracture in the annealed samples. The dimples become deeper as the annealing temperature increases, confirming the greater formability. In addition, after plotting the forming limit diagram, it was found that the annealing heat treatment improves the ductility of the Cu/304L/Cu composite.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101087,"journal":{"name":"Results in Materials","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 100883"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145939045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Investigation of structural evolution in X2CrNiMo18-14-3 steel during initial deformation hardening X2CrNiMo18-14-3钢初始变形硬化过程中组织演变的研究

Results in Materials

Pub Date : 2025-12-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.rinma.2025.100880

V.I. Surin , A.A. Abu Ghazal , A.I. Alwaheba

This study investigates the evolution of structural changes in the structural steel X2CrNiMo18-14-3 during the initial stage of deformation hardening at room temperature, within a tensile stress range of 150–525 MPa. Using the Scanning Contact Potentiometry (SCP) method, an electrical approach to functional non-destructive testing, we obtained experimental results that shed light on the underlying mechanisms of deformation. The analysis reveals that significant shear processes occur well before the yield strength is reached, leading to the formation of microscopic bands and the accumulation of microplastic deformation. In the elastic region, light dislocation sliding with minimal deformation hardening is initiated. As the applied load increases, particularly at stress ratios of σ/σ_elastic ≥ 0.34, the potentiograms exhibit an increasing number of narrow shear bands oriented perpendicular to the load direction. This phenomenon is accompanied by changes in surface conditions and deformation activity, which relate to dynamic waviness and surface roughness. As the limit of elasticity is approached, competition intensifies between the processes of strengthening and softening, leading to the development of wide shear bands and large shapes on the potentiograms. The study provides insights into the mechanisms of dislocation sliding and the interplay of deformation processes, highlighting the critical transition from microplastic deformation to yielding in structural steel. This research contributes to a deeper understanding of the mechanical behavior of steel under tensile stress and the implications for its applications in structural engineering.

本文研究了室温下，在150 ~ 525 MPa拉伸应力范围内，X2CrNiMo18-14-3结构钢变形硬化初期组织变化的演变过程。使用扫描接触电位法（SCP）方法，一种功能无损检测的电气方法，我们获得的实验结果揭示了变形的潜在机制。分析表明，在达到屈服强度之前就发生了明显的剪切过程，导致微观带的形成和微塑性变形的积累。在弹性区，开始了轻微的位错滑动，并伴有最小的变形硬化。随着外加载荷的增加，特别是当σ/σ弹性应力比≥0.34时，电位图显示出垂直于载荷方向的窄剪切带数量增加。这种现象伴随着表面条件和变形活动的变化，这些变化与动态波浪度和表面粗糙度有关。当接近弹性极限时，强化和软化过程之间的竞争加剧，导致电位图上出现宽剪切带和大形状。该研究提供了对位错滑动机制和变形过程相互作用的见解，突出了结构钢从微塑性变形到屈服的关键转变。本研究有助于更深入地了解钢在拉应力下的力学行为及其在结构工程中的应用。

{"title":"Investigation of structural evolution in X2CrNiMo18-14-3 steel during initial deformation hardening","authors":"V.I. Surin , A.A. Abu Ghazal , A.I. Alwaheba","doi":"10.1016/j.rinma.2025.100880","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rinma.2025.100880","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the evolution of structural changes in the structural steel X2CrNiMo18-14-3 during the initial stage of deformation hardening at room temperature, within a tensile stress range of 150–525 MPa. Using the Scanning Contact Potentiometry (SCP) method, an electrical approach to functional non-destructive testing, we obtained experimental results that shed light on the underlying mechanisms of deformation. The analysis reveals that significant shear processes occur well before the yield strength is reached, leading to the formation of microscopic bands and the accumulation of microplastic deformation. In the elastic region, light dislocation sliding with minimal deformation hardening is initiated. As the applied load increases, particularly at stress ratios of σ/σ<sub>elastic</sub> ≥ 0.34, the potentiograms exhibit an increasing number of narrow shear bands oriented perpendicular to the load direction. This phenomenon is accompanied by changes in surface conditions and deformation activity, which relate to dynamic waviness and surface roughness. As the limit of elasticity is approached, competition intensifies between the processes of strengthening and softening, leading to the development of wide shear bands and large shapes on the potentiograms. The study provides insights into the mechanisms of dislocation sliding and the interplay of deformation processes, highlighting the critical transition from microplastic deformation to yielding in structural steel. This research contributes to a deeper understanding of the mechanical behavior of steel under tensile stress and the implications for its applications in structural engineering.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101087,"journal":{"name":"Results in Materials","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 100880"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145939583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Synthesis and morphological characterization of silver nanoparticles reinforced titanium-based nanocomposites for dental applications 牙科用银纳米粒子增强钛基纳米复合材料的合成及形态表征

Results in Materials

Pub Date : 2025-12-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.rinma.2025.100879

Nayem Hossain , Mohammad Asaduzzaman Chowdhury , Safiul Islam , Tanjid Al Tajim , Md. Zisat Hossen , Md. Ashikur Rahman , Md. Shakil Chowdhury

Although titanium is used as a dental material, it has limitations. The limitations can be overcome by incorporating nanoparticles (NPs) into titanium, as NPs possess excellent physical, morphological, and biological properties. Titanium-based nanocomposites were fabricated in this research by reinforcing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) with sintering at 800 °C for 4 h. The fabrication consists of ball-milling stainless steel AgNPs and TiO₂, compacting them in a stainless steelmold, and sintering. The fabricated nanocomposites were characterized by hardness, surface roughness, Fourier Transformed Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses. Reinforcement with AgNPs increased the samples' hardness, reaching a maximum Rockwell hardness of 36. The addition of 2 % AgNPs improved surface roughness from 2.55 μm to 3.41 μm. Successful incorporation of AgNPs with TiO₂ was observed in FESEM images. A sharp peak in the XRD analysis confirms the formation of crystals in the fabricated nanocomposite samples. Moreover, the presence of AgNPs decreased crystallinity from 42 % to 35 % which is helpful for improved antimicrobial properties. The results obtained demonstrate the potential of the fabricated nanocomposite samples for dental applications.

虽然钛被用作牙科材料，但它有局限性。由于纳米颗粒具有优异的物理、形态和生物学特性，因此可以通过将纳米颗粒（NPs）掺入钛中来克服这些限制。本研究通过在800℃下烧结4小时，增强银纳米粒子（AgNPs），制备钛基纳米复合材料。制备过程包括将不锈钢AgNPs和TiO2球磨，在不锈钢模具中压实，然后烧结。采用硬度、表面粗糙度、傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）、场发射扫描电镜（FESEM）和x射线衍射（XRD）对制备的纳米复合材料进行了表征。用AgNPs增强可提高样品的硬度，最大洛氏硬度为36。2% AgNPs的加入使表面粗糙度从2.55 μm提高到3.41 μm。在FESEM图像中观察到AgNPs与TiO2的成功结合。XRD分析中的一个尖峰证实了制备的纳米复合材料样品中有晶体的形成。此外，AgNPs的存在将结晶度从42%降低到35%，这有助于提高抗菌性能。实验结果表明，所制备的纳米复合材料在牙科领域具有广泛的应用前景。

{"title":"Synthesis and morphological characterization of silver nanoparticles reinforced titanium-based nanocomposites for dental applications","authors":"Nayem Hossain , Mohammad Asaduzzaman Chowdhury , Safiul Islam , Tanjid Al Tajim , Md. Zisat Hossen , Md. Ashikur Rahman , Md. Shakil Chowdhury","doi":"10.1016/j.rinma.2025.100879","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rinma.2025.100879","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Although titanium is used as a dental material, it has limitations. The limitations can be overcome by incorporating nanoparticles (NPs) into titanium, as NPs possess excellent physical, morphological, and biological properties. Titanium-based nanocomposites were fabricated in this research by reinforcing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) with sintering at 800 °C for 4 h. The fabrication consists of ball-milling stainless steel AgNPs and TiO<sub>2</sub>, compacting them in a stainless steelmold, and sintering. The fabricated nanocomposites were characterized by hardness, surface roughness, Fourier Transformed Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses. Reinforcement with AgNPs increased the samples' hardness, reaching a maximum Rockwell hardness of 36. The addition of 2 % AgNPs improved surface roughness from 2.55 μm to 3.41 μm. Successful incorporation of AgNPs with TiO<sub>2</sub> was observed in FESEM images. A sharp peak in the XRD analysis confirms the formation of crystals in the fabricated nanocomposite samples. Moreover, the presence of AgNPs decreased crystallinity from 42 % to 35 % which is helpful for improved antimicrobial properties. The results obtained demonstrate the potential of the fabricated nanocomposite samples for dental applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101087,"journal":{"name":"Results in Materials","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 100879"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145939070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Bioinspired nanotubes by soft-template electropolymerization from bis(triphenylamine)-based monomers 以双（三苯胺）为基础的单体，采用软模板电聚合的仿生纳米管

Results in Materials

Pub Date : 2025-12-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.rinma.2025.100878

Amadou Ousmane Ba , Diawo Diallo , Hawa Ndiaye , Abdoulaye Dramé , Alioune Diouf , Frédéric Guittard , Thierry Darmanin

Bio-inspired strategies are used as well as previous works in the aim of forming nanotubes for their unique wetting properties. Here, nanotubes are prepared by soft-template electropolymerization in micellar solution. Monomers containing two triphenylamine segments are synthesized and studied for the first time. The formation of nanotubes is favored using monomers with extremely strong π-stacking interactions. Electrochemical analyzes of the electrodeposited films demonstrated the main presence of monomer, except with one of the monomers for which the peak of oligomers is much more intense. Extremely long nanotubes are obtained especially with one of the monomer. The surfaces with nanotubes are here superhydrophilic because water enters inside the pores.

由于纳米管独特的润湿特性，生物启发策略和以前的工作一样被用于形成纳米管。在胶束溶液中采用软模板电聚合法制备了纳米管。首次合成并研究了含有两个三苯胺片段的单体。具有极强π-堆积相互作用的单体有利于纳米管的形成。电沉积膜的电化学分析表明，除了其中一个单体的低聚物峰更为强烈外，主要存在单体。用其中一种单体可以得到超长的纳米管。纳米管的表面具有超亲水性，因为水可以进入孔内。

引用次数: 0

Development of eco-friendly lightweight foamed concrete using waste marble powder and waste glass powder 利用废大理石粉和废玻璃粉开发环保型轻质泡沫混凝土

Results in Materials

Pub Date : 2025-12-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.rinma.2025.100873

Ahmed Ashteyat , Ibrahim Al-Ani , Mousa Shhabat , Abdelmalek H. Aljarah , Hussien Al-Kroom

The increasing embodied carbon dioxide emissions and the growing consumption of natural resources in the construction sector are driving the search for more sustainable solutions to mitigate these impacts. Using recycled materials in construction is an effective strategy for enhancing environmental sustainability and improving resource efficiency. With the ever-increasing volumes of marble and glass waste generated worldwide, it has become essential to explore practical approaches for incorporating these materials into construction applications. This research aims to develop a concrete mixture that reduces cement and sand usage by examining the partial replacement of cement with waste marble powder (WMP) as a cementitious material and the partial replacement of sand with waste glass powder (WGP) as a filler. Several studies have demonstrated positive effects of using marble or glass waste individually; therefore, this study investigates their combined influence on concrete performance. This research focuses on evaluating the effects of these substitutions on the mechanical properties (compressive and tensile strength) and physical properties (density and workability) of lightweight foamed concrete (LWFC) to produce a lightweight and environmentally friendly mixture. Sixteen mixes were prepared using varying proportions of WMP and WGP (0 %, 5 %, 10 %, and 15 %). The results showed a reduction in density (1679–1798 kg/m³) and compressive strength up to 47.2 % for WMP and 39.4 % for WGP as the replacement levels increased, along with a noticeable improvement in workability. Based on the balance between strength and weight, the optimal substitution levels were identified as 5–10 % WMP as a cement replacement, 15 % WGP as a sand replacement, and a combined mix containing 5 % WMP and 5 % WGP. Furthermore, future research should investigate the durability and microstructural characteristics of LWFC containing WMP and WGP, as well as assess the environmental and economic benefits associated with their large-scale application in the construction sector.

建筑行业二氧化碳排放量的增加和自然资源的消耗不断增加，促使人们寻求更可持续的解决方案来减轻这些影响。在建筑中使用再生材料是加强环境可持续性和提高资源效率的有效策略。随着世界范围内产生的大理石和玻璃废料量的不断增加，探索将这些材料纳入建筑应用的实际方法变得至关重要。本研究旨在通过研究用废大理石粉（WMP）作为胶凝材料部分替代水泥和用废玻璃粉（WGP）作为填料部分替代沙子，开发一种减少水泥和沙子使用量的混凝土混合物。若干研究已证明分别使用大理石或玻璃废料的积极效果；因此，本研究探讨了它们对混凝土性能的综合影响。本研究的重点是评估这些替代品对轻质泡沫混凝土（LWFC）的机械性能（抗压和抗拉强度）和物理性能（密度和和易性）的影响，以生产轻质和环保的混合物。使用不同比例的WMP和WGP（0%, 5%， 10%和15%）制备了16种混合物。结果表明，随着替代水平的增加，WMP的密度（1679-1798 kg/m3）和抗压强度分别降低了47.2%和39.4%，同时可操作性也得到了显著改善。基于强度和重量之间的平衡，确定了最佳替代水平为5 - 10% WMP作为水泥替代品，15% WGP作为沙子替代品，以及含有5% WMP和5% WGP的组合混合物。此外，未来的研究应该调查含有WMP和WGP的低碳水化合物的耐久性和微观结构特征，并评估其在建筑领域大规模应用的环境和经济效益。

{"title":"Development of eco-friendly lightweight foamed concrete using waste marble powder and waste glass powder","authors":"Ahmed Ashteyat , Ibrahim Al-Ani , Mousa Shhabat , Abdelmalek H. Aljarah , Hussien Al-Kroom","doi":"10.1016/j.rinma.2025.100873","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rinma.2025.100873","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The increasing embodied carbon dioxide emissions and the growing consumption of natural resources in the construction sector are driving the search for more sustainable solutions to mitigate these impacts. Using recycled materials in construction is an effective strategy for enhancing environmental sustainability and improving resource efficiency. With the ever-increasing volumes of marble and glass waste generated worldwide, it has become essential to explore practical approaches for incorporating these materials into construction applications. This research aims to develop a concrete mixture that reduces cement and sand usage by examining the partial replacement of cement with waste marble powder (WMP) as a cementitious material and the partial replacement of sand with waste glass powder (WGP) as a filler. Several studies have demonstrated positive effects of using marble or glass waste individually; therefore, this study investigates their combined influence on concrete performance. This research focuses on evaluating the effects of these substitutions on the mechanical properties (compressive and tensile strength) and physical properties (density and workability) of lightweight foamed concrete (LWFC) to produce a lightweight and environmentally friendly mixture. Sixteen mixes were prepared using varying proportions of WMP and WGP (0 %, 5 %, 10 %, and 15 %). The results showed a reduction in density (1679–1798 kg/m<sup>3</sup>) and compressive strength up to 47.2 % for WMP and 39.4 % for WGP as the replacement levels increased, along with a noticeable improvement in workability. Based on the balance between strength and weight, the optimal substitution levels were identified as 5–10 % WMP as a cement replacement, 15 % WGP as a sand replacement, and a combined mix containing 5 % WMP and 5 % WGP. Furthermore, future research should investigate the durability and microstructural characteristics of LWFC containing WMP and WGP, as well as assess the environmental and economic benefits associated with their large-scale application in the construction sector.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101087,"journal":{"name":"Results in Materials","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 100873"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145939581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

XGBoost-based predictive modeling of droplet size and generation rate in single and double microfluidic emulsions 基于xgboost的单、双微流控乳剂中液滴大小和生成速率预测模型

Results in Materials

Pub Date : 2025-12-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.rinma.2025.100836

Afshin Rahdar , Vahid Bazargan , Masoumeh Foroutan

Microfluidic droplet generation has emerged as a powerful tool in life-science applications due to its ability to precisely control fluid dynamics at the microscale. However, accurately predicting droplet diameter and generation rate remains challenging because the underlying multiphase behavior arises from highly nonlinear interactions among flow conditions, device geometries, and fluid properties, particularly in systems involving single and double emulsions. In this study, we address this challenge by developing a predictive framework based on the XGBoost machine-learning algorithm to estimate droplet diameter and generation rate with high accuracy across a wide range of devices and operating conditions. The framework leverages a comprehensive experimental database and employs a two-stage modeling strategy in which droplet diameter is first predicted and subsequently used as an intermediate variable for estimating generation rate. Evaluation of the model demonstrates excellent agreement with experimental measurements across diverse geometries and flow regimes. Furthermore, SHAP-based feature importance analysis reveals that key geometric and physical parameters dominate droplet formation behavior, providing valuable insights for microfluidic system optimization. Additional analyses show that the proposed framework not only performs robustly under standard operating conditions but also maintains high reliability when exposed to significant variations in flow and fluid properties. This capability makes the model a practical and efficient tool for designing next-generation microfluidic devices, particularly for complex biomedical applications. Overall, the developed methodology can substantially accelerate the design, testing, and optimization processes of droplet-based microfluidic systems while reducing experimental cost and development time.

微流控液滴的产生由于其在微观尺度上精确控制流体动力学的能力而成为生命科学应用的有力工具。然而，准确预测液滴直径和生成速率仍然具有挑战性，因为潜在的多相行为源于流动条件、装置几何形状和流体性质之间的高度非线性相互作用，特别是在涉及单乳和双乳的系统中。在本研究中，我们通过开发基于XGBoost机器学习算法的预测框架来解决这一挑战，该框架可以在各种设备和操作条件下高精度地估计液滴直径和生成速率。该框架利用了一个全面的实验数据库，并采用了两阶段建模策略，其中首先预测液滴直径，然后将其用作估计生成速率的中间变量。对模型的评估表明，该模型与不同几何形状和流动形式的实验测量结果非常吻合。此外，基于shap的特征重要性分析揭示了关键的几何和物理参数决定了液滴的形成行为，为微流控系统优化提供了有价值的见解。其他分析表明，所提出的框架不仅在标准操作条件下性能稳定，而且在流量和流体性质发生重大变化时也保持高可靠性。这种能力使该模型成为设计下一代微流体装置的实用而有效的工具，特别是用于复杂的生物医学应用。总体而言，所开发的方法可以大大加快基于液滴的微流体系统的设计，测试和优化过程，同时降低实验成本和开发时间。

{"title":"XGBoost-based predictive modeling of droplet size and generation rate in single and double microfluidic emulsions","authors":"Afshin Rahdar , Vahid Bazargan , Masoumeh Foroutan","doi":"10.1016/j.rinma.2025.100836","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rinma.2025.100836","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microfluidic droplet generation has emerged as a powerful tool in life-science applications due to its ability to precisely control fluid dynamics at the microscale. However, accurately predicting droplet diameter and generation rate remains challenging because the underlying multiphase behavior arises from highly nonlinear interactions among flow conditions, device geometries, and fluid properties, particularly in systems involving single and double emulsions. In this study, we address this challenge by developing a predictive framework based on the XGBoost machine-learning algorithm to estimate droplet diameter and generation rate with high accuracy across a wide range of devices and operating conditions. The framework leverages a comprehensive experimental database and employs a two-stage modeling strategy in which droplet diameter is first predicted and subsequently used as an intermediate variable for estimating generation rate. Evaluation of the model demonstrates excellent agreement with experimental measurements across diverse geometries and flow regimes. Furthermore, SHAP-based feature importance analysis reveals that key geometric and physical parameters dominate droplet formation behavior, providing valuable insights for microfluidic system optimization. Additional analyses show that the proposed framework not only performs robustly under standard operating conditions but also maintains high reliability when exposed to significant variations in flow and fluid properties. This capability makes the model a practical and efficient tool for designing next-generation microfluidic devices, particularly for complex biomedical applications. Overall, the developed methodology can substantially accelerate the design, testing, and optimization processes of droplet-based microfluidic systems while reducing experimental cost and development time.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101087,"journal":{"name":"Results in Materials","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 100836"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145939585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Influence of morphology on the radiative properties of geopolymer foams: A theoretical and experimental analysis 形态对地聚合物泡沫材料辐射性能的影响：理论与实验分析

Results in Materials

Pub Date : 2025-12-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.rinma.2025.100847

S. Benkhirat , E. Ribeiro , K. Nouneh , G. Plantard

There has been growing interest in geopolymer foams, particularly with regard to the possibility of imparting macroporous properties with a honeycomb structure. These characteristics are relevant to the problems posed by solar applications. As the photo-conversion process is intimately linked to radiation transfer, it is necessary to understand and describe the correlations between the structural and radiative properties of foams. This study focused on the detailed analysis of the radiative properties of macroporous cellular geopolymer foams with different characteristics in terms of porosity and pore size distribution. Transmittance and reflectance measurements were carried out using a dedicated optical bench. The Two-Flux approximation model was used to describe the radiative transfers taking place in the material. Specific absorption and scattering coefficients were accurately represented in the UV and visible ranges. The importance of the structure of macroporous cellular foams on radiative properties has been discussed. Our results also show that it is possible to play on structural characteristics (porosity, pore size) to obtain distinct radiative properties. This makes it possible to select the most appropriate foam for optimum radiation utilization in a given photoreactor configuration.

人们对地聚合物泡沫越来越感兴趣，特别是关于蜂窝结构赋予大孔特性的可能性。这些特点与太阳能应用所带来的问题有关。由于光转换过程与辐射传递密切相关，因此有必要了解和描述泡沫材料的结构和辐射特性之间的相关性。本研究重点对具有不同孔隙度和孔径分布特征的大孔泡沫塑料的辐射特性进行了详细分析。透射率和反射率的测量是在专用光学台架上进行的。采用双通量近似模型来描述材料中的辐射传递。在紫外和可见光范围内准确地表示了比吸收和散射系数。讨论了大孔泡沫材料的结构对其辐射性能的影响。我们的研究结果还表明，可以利用结构特征（孔隙度，孔径）来获得不同的辐射特性。这使得在给定的光反应器配置中选择最合适的泡沫以获得最佳的辐射利用率成为可能。

{"title":"Influence of morphology on the radiative properties of geopolymer foams: A theoretical and experimental analysis","authors":"S. Benkhirat , E. Ribeiro , K. Nouneh , G. Plantard","doi":"10.1016/j.rinma.2025.100847","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rinma.2025.100847","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>There has been growing interest in geopolymer foams, particularly with regard to the possibility of imparting macroporous properties with a honeycomb structure. These characteristics are relevant to the problems posed by solar applications. As the photo-conversion process is intimately linked to radiation transfer, it is necessary to understand and describe the correlations between the structural and radiative properties of foams. This study focused on the detailed analysis of the radiative properties of macroporous cellular geopolymer foams with different characteristics in terms of porosity and pore size distribution. Transmittance and reflectance measurements were carried out using a dedicated optical bench. The Two-Flux approximation model was used to describe the radiative transfers taking place in the material. Specific absorption and scattering coefficients were accurately represented in the UV and visible ranges. The importance of the structure of macroporous cellular foams on radiative properties has been discussed. Our results also show that it is possible to play on structural characteristics (porosity, pore size) to obtain distinct radiative properties. This makes it possible to select the most appropriate foam for optimum radiation utilization in a given photoreactor configuration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101087,"journal":{"name":"Results in Materials","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 100847"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145977521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0