The Saudi Journal for Dental Research最新文献

Objectives: to elucidate the association between HHVs [Human Herpes Viruses–human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) and herpes simplex virus (HSV)] and risk of aggressive periodontitis (AgP) and advanced periodontitis (AP). Materials and methods: the addressed focused question was: “Is there an association between HHVs and AgP and do HHVs implicate in the pathogenesis of AgP and AP?” Electronic search of the MEDLINE/PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, ISI Web of knowledge, and Google-Scholar databases was combined with hand searching of articles published from 1970 up to and including March 2016 using relevant MeSH terms. Review papers, in-vitro and experimental studies, case reports, commentaries, interviews, updates and duplicate publications were excluded. Results: twelve studies were included. Three studies reported elevated percentage of HSV1 carriage in AgP patients whereas two studies reported comparable percentage levels of HSV1 among AgP patients and periodontally healthy patients. Seven studies reported significantly higher percentage levels of HCMV in AgP patients as compared to healthy controls whereas four studies showed comparable levels of HCMV among AgP and healthy controls. Six studies reported higher EBV carriage in AgP patients than healthy controls whereas five studies showed comparable EBV percentage levels among AgP and periodontally healthy patients. Conclusion: overall, human herpes virus (HSV, CMV and EBV) levels are increased and are found to be associated with AgP and AP as compared to healthy individuals. However a possible involvement of HHVs in the pathogenesis of AgP warrants further investigation.

Aim: The aim of the present study was to compare apical transportation in curved root canals prepared using ProTaper Next, Wave One, TF, and OneShape nickel–titanium [NiTi] systems. Materials and methods: This study was conducted on mesiobuccal canals of extracted first and second mandibular molars with 30–60 degree curvatures [n = 40]. Specimens were divided into four experimental groups [n = 10 each]. In each group, the mesiobuccal canals were prepared using NiTi systems, including Wave One, ProTaper Next, TF, and OneShape. The apical transportation with each NiTi system was measured using a double digital radiograph technique. The data were analyzed by ANOVA using SPSS ver. 20.0, and significance was set at P < 0.05. Results: There were significant differences in apical transportation [P < 0.05] among Wave One, ProTaper Next, TF, and OneShape NiTi systems. Apical transportation with Wave One was greater than that with OneShape, and transportation with ProTaper Next was greater than that with OneShape and TF. There was no significant difference [P > 0.05] in apical transportation between TF and OneShape or between ProTaper Next and Wave One. Conclusions: TF and OneShape NiTi systems preserved the original shape of the canal in the apical area better than ProTaper Next and Wave One NiTi systems did.

The teaching of posterior composites has undergone considerable assessment and refinement in well-developed countries in recent years. However, little information exists on this teaching in Arab countries. Aim of this study: The aim of this study was to investigate the teaching of direct posterior composite restorations to undergraduate dental students in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). Method: An online survey was developed and distributed to 17 Saudi dental schools. The topic of the survey sought information related to current teaching of direct posterior composite restorations in undergraduate teaching programs. Results: Responses were received from 13 schools (response rate = approximately 76%). All respondent dental schools taught the same types of restorations, however there were some variations regarding contraindications of such restorations. In certain dental schools, outdated knowledge was taught related to cavity specifications such as beveling of occlusal margins, the use of clear plastic matrix band and light reflecting wedges. There was shortening of knowledge related to light curing technologies as well as different adhesive systems. Nano-filled dental composite was not taught in approximately half of the respondent schools. Also, the rush into teaching of bulk-fill placement technique was noted. Conclusions: Among Saudi dental schools, there may be some degree of variation in the teaching of posterior composite restorations. Although, some teaching shortcomings were noted, the overall extent and content taught to dental students in KSA may provide enough knowledge that may be essential for preclinical and clinical practice of the direct posterior composite restorations.

Objectives

The aim of this study was to evaluate the compliance of dental technicians from different dental laboratories with dentists’ written prescriptions during fabrication of porcelain-fused-to-metal (PFM) crowns.

Materials & methods

Final impressions for a prepared Ivorine tooth no. 21 were sent to 16 dental laboratories (8 government and 8 commercial) for fabrication of a PFM crown. A detailed, standard work authorization form accompanied each case, including a request to fabricate a uniform-thickness metal framework, with incisal translucency, hypocalcification-like stain, porcelain facial shoulder and metal palatal chamfer margins with palatal occlusion in porcelain. All crowns were then collected, and data were recorded and analyzed statistically with Fisher’s Exact and Pearson’s Chi-square tests by means of SPSS and WinPepi software.

Results

No statistically significant differences were found between laboratory groups in following the instructions for metal substructure thickness (P > 0.6), facial and palatal margins (P = 1.0) or the dimensions of the hypocalcification-like stain (P = 0.28). However, commercial labs were significantly better than government labs in the location criteria for hypocalcification and incisal translucency (P = 0.04). When the total numbers of successfully followed criteria were compared, commercial labs were found to be significantly better than government labs in following the written instructions (P = 0.002).

Conclusion

Although a standard work authorization form was used, commercial labs performed better than government labs, especially in esthetic characterizations such as hypocalcification-like staining and incisal translucency.

Transitional denture is a removable dental prosthesis serving as an interim prosthesis to which artificial teeth will be added as natural teeth are lost and that will be replaced after postextraction tissue changes have occurred. Its role is important in protecting the socket against trauma from tongue, food, or the opposing teeth. The aim in this report is to describe a new simple technique to create limited room on the tissue surface of the transitional denture to receive a relatively even thickness of a resilient material. A male patient, aged 48 years old, came to the prosthodontic clinics seeking replacement of the maxillary anterior teeth. After clinical and radiographic examination the treatment plan included extraction of the offending teeth (#13 and #24), the necessary wait for healing to occur, and providing the patient with a definitive partial denture. The esthetic appearance was of the utmost importance for the patient. Therefore, the treatment plan was modified to construct a transitional partial denture to be inserted following teeth extraction during the same appointment. A tissue-conditioning material of suitable thickness was applied on the tissue surface of the denture limited to the extraction area. Application of the resilient materials in such a manner may be more effective and should fulfill all the intended uses appropriately.

Ozone has been used successfully for the treatment of various diseases for more than a decade. Its unique properties include immunostimulant, analgesic, antihypnotic, detoxicating, antimicrobial, bioenergetic and biosynthetic actions. Its atraumatic, painless, non invasive nature, and relative absence of discomfort and side effects increase the patient’s acceptability and compliance thus making it an ideal treatment choice specially for pediatric patients. This review is an attempt to highlight various treatment modalities of ozone therapy and its possible clinical applications in future.

Pregnancy is a dynamic state leading to several physiological transient changes in the body systems including the oral cavity. In order to maintain good oral health, the dental treatment should not be withheld. The dental management of pregnant patients involves special considerations. This review article discusses common dental problems a pregnant woman faces along with the relevant treatment implications, the risks of various medications to both mother and fetus and common dental problems a pregnant women faces. In addition, the management of related dental problems in the pregnant patients and appropriate scheduling of dental surgical procedures during pregnancy has been discussed.

Objective: To compare the incidence of microleakage associated with contemporary esthetic restorative-adhesive systems following cyclic wet and dry storage as a representation to the dry mouth condition. Methods: Standardized cervical cavities in both buccal and lingual surfaces of 100 extracted human premolars were restored in 10 groups (n = 10 with 20 cavities) using 7 contemporary esthetic restoratives and 3 adhesive systems following their manufacturers’ instructions. Cavities in groups 1–3 were restored with self-adhesive restoratives; conventional glass-ionomer (GI) (Ketac Molar Aplicap), resin modified glass-ionomer (RMGI) (Vitremer) and self-adhesive flowable composite (SAFC) (Fusio Liquid Dentin). Conventional flowable (FC) (Filtek Z350 Flow), nano-hybrid (HC) (Filtek Z250 XT) and nano-filled (NC) (Filtek Z350 XT) methacrylate-based composites were used in conjunction with total-etch, 2-step adhesive (Adper Single Bond 2) to restore cavities in groups 4–6. The same restoratives were also used to restore cavities in groups 8–10 in the presence of self-etch, 1-step adhesive (Adper Easy One), while cavities in group 7 were restored with silorane-based composite (Filtek P90) together with its specific adhesive system. Five restored teeth from each group (10 cavities) were subjected to cyclic storage in wet and dry environment, each for 12 h/day and for a total period of 30 days, while the other 5 were tested with no cyclic storage to serve as control. Using dye penetration technique, the associated microleakage was then scored from 0 to 4 for all restorations according to the depth of dye penetration at both occlusal and gingival interfaces. The incidences of each score were recorded in percentages and the numerical microleakage data were statistically analyzed using Kruskal–Wallis and Mann–Whitney comparisons at α = 0.05 to stand on the significance of differences detected between groups. Results: All restorative systems showed incidences of microleakage before and following cyclic storage in wet and dry environment with no specific manner declared for any. Statistical analysis of the scored data revealed no difference between different restorative systems under no storage condition, however HC, S and FC in groups 5, 7 and 8 showed higher rates of microleakage when subjected to cyclic wet-dry storage (Mann–Whitney, P < 0.05). No significant effect of storage was declared on any of the tested restorative systems (Kruskal–Wallis, P > 0.05). For each restorative system, no significant difference (Kruskal–Wallis, P > 0.05) was recorded between microleakage values recorded at occlusal and gingival interfaces. Conclusion: Occlusal and gingival sealing ability of flowable resin composite bonded with self-etch, 1-step adhesive is the most affected following cy