The Saudi Journal for Dental Research最新文献

Objectives: To assess the readiness and barriers faced by expectant mothers in Libya to initiate preventive oral health care for their children. Methods: A cross-sectional quantitative survey was conducted based on a structured questionnaire in a face-to-face interview. Four hundred and thirty seven expectant women who attended three main public maternal centers in three different districts in Libya were invited to participate. Descriptive statistics, bivariate and logistic regression analyses were performed. Statistical significance (p-value) was set at 0.05. Results: The response rate was 89.0% (389/437). In terms of knowledge readiness, less than half of the participants had adequate knowledge regarding healthy dietary habits, oral hygiene care, and preventive dental attendance (44.7%, 35.7% and 56.8% respectively) with fewer than one-third (27.5%) of mothers ready in terms of overall knowledge readiness. The majority demonstrated readiness in terms of their attitude toward the importance of their children’s oral health (89.9%) and their willingness to initiate preventive oral health care for their children (98.7%). Only 17.7% of participants demonstrated an overall readiness to initiate preventive oral health for their children. Overall readiness significantly differed based on maternal age and number of children (p = 0.001 and p = 0.04, respectively). Most mothers (84.6%) faced barriers that prevented them from initiating preventive oral health for their children. Barriers included busy schedules at work/home (34.7%), insufficient information (29.3%), and insufficient skills (13.7%). Conclusion: These findings highlight the limited basic dental knowledge of the expectant mothers in Libya and the need to develop and implement appropriate oral health education programs for the expectant women and young mothers.

Introduction: Extractions are routinely used in orthodontics as a method of gaining space. Sometimes the closures of these extraction spaces become problematic for the treating clinician. Many causes have been cited for such a mis-happening, one of it being narrowed out ridge due to fractured cortical plate, which often occurs during a traumatic extraction. Hence, any technique that facilitates teeth removal atraumatically and thus decreases the possibility of such a complication is welcome. Aims and objectives: To test a novel method utilizing localized inflammatory response in easing orthodontic extractions. Material and method: 40 individuals were included in this split mouth prospective clinical study. In all these subjects, teeth destined for extraction were bonded and engaged with arch wire on one side of the arch and the other side was used as control. Ease of extraction was compared and assessed by the dentist and the patients using four point Likert scale. The values obtained were used for statistical analysis. Result: Both the dentist and the patents perceived the extraction on the test side being easy, with less discomfort postoperatively with the difference between the test and the control being statistically significant. Conclusion: Localized inflammatory response in the periodontium of teeth destined for extraction can be used to facilitate their removal, thereby easing out the procedure both for the dentist and the patient.

Objectives

By assessing patients’ level of awareness of their rights, hospital authorities can take necessary steps to educate the patients and health workers regarding patients’ rights. The aim of the study was to assess the patients’ awareness, perception and implementation of their rights in private and public hospitals in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Materials and methods

A cross-sectional survey was conducted among patients using a 26-item Arabic-language self-administered questionnaire. The sample consisted of Saudi patients from 8 public and 6 private hospitals randomly selected from the 5 regions of Riyadh. Data were entered and analyzed using SPSS version 20. The mean knowledge score and the distribution of the factors related to knowledge about patients’ rights were determined. The relationships of the demographic characteristics to the four factors derived using factor analysis were determined using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The significance level was set at P < 0.05.

Results

A total of 632 surveys were collected from 14 hospitals. The majority were female respondents (66.7%), university graduates (47.9%) and public sector employees (49.2%). The majority of the respondents had not observed the rights of patients related to filing complaints or giving suggestions and participation in research. The overall mean awareness score was 18.16 ± 3.47. The mean score for overall knowledge about patients’ rights was 1.38 ± 0.92 which was within the range of ‘not observed’ to ‘somewhat observed’. Statistically significant association was observed with regard to education and the right to be involved in treatment decisions.

Conclusion

The results suggest that the majority of the respondents were aware of the patients’ rights but had not observed some specific rights such as the right to file complaints/give suggestions and to participate in research as mentioned in the patients’ bill of rights.

Objective

To compare oral hygiene practices and self-reported oral health problems among smoker and non-smoker male high school students in Dammam, Al-khobar and Dhahran, Saudi Arabia.

Materials and methods

Cross sectional study design was employed. The study sample (453) was calculated and participants were randomly selected from public high schools. Pilot tested questionnaire was distributed among participants of the study. Descriptive and analytical statistics generated using SPSS version 22. Statistical significance involved using a p-value of <0.05.

Results

The prevalence of smoking among teenagers (15–19 years) was about 20.2%. Almost 61.9% (197) of non-smokers had excellent grades compared to 42% (33) of smokers. About 64.5% (258) of the respondents used tooth brushing and 62.5% (244) used miswak and 23.6% (91) of them visited dentist for regular checkup. The comparison of oral hygiene practices between smokers and non-smokers revealed no statistically significant differences. Almost half of the teenagers had bleeding gums and tooth sensitivity, and were dissatisfied with the appearance of their teeth. Self-reported tooth sensitivity was higher among smokers (64%) compared with non-smokers (43%) (p-value 0.001). Similarly, more smokers exhibited dryness of mouth than non-smokers and the difference was statistically significant (p-value 0.007).

Conclusion

There is high prevalence of smoking among adolescents. No significant differences were observed between smokers and non-smokers regarding oral hygiene practices. However, tooth sensitivity and dryness of mouth were more common in smokers than non-smokers. Smoking cessation programs should be introduced in schools.

Objectives: The aim of this convenient sample study was to assess the knowledge and attitude of Saudi individuals toward self-perceived halitosis. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional survey of Saudi adults using an 18-point self-administered questionnaire on self-perception of halitosis was performed. The questionnaire assesses subjects’ awareness and knowledge about possible causes and available treatments of oral malodor. In addition, the influence of halitosis on social relations and level of confidence was also evaluated through this questionnaire. Significant associations between self-perceived oral malodor and various variables using Chi-square test were evaluated. Results: A total of 130 subjects participated (response rate = 72%). The prevalence of self-perceived halitosis was 68.5%. There was a significant association between knowledge about treatment and self-perceived malodor (p = 0.025), among oral hygiene measures teeth brushing was the only measure to show significant association with self-perceived halitosis (p = 0.042). There were significant associations between self-perceived halitosis and subject’s hesitation to talk to other people (p = 0.018), their “uneasy feeling” when someone is nearby (p = 0.002), their avoidance to meet other people (p = 0.032), or their feeling that other people might avoid socializing with them because of their oral malodor (p = 0.01). Conclusions: Improving the patients’ knowledge about causes of oral malodor might reduce their complaints of halitosis. Patients’ complaint from oral malodor can significantly affect their self-confidence and social interaction with others.

Within the past 20 years, clinicians have successfully performed mucogingival surgeries to restore periodontal defects. This article describes the application of enamel matrix derivative (EMD) in combination with connective tissue graft (CTG) for the repair of localized mucogingival defect. The procedure was performed to observe the clinical success of autogenous CTG in the treatment of moderate facial recession defect combined with the usage of an EMD. The management involved scaling and root planning, root surface conditioning, elevation of full-thickness flap, application of EMD, shaping and application of CTG at the recession site. Eight-month observations showed root coverage of 3 mm (>75%) with attachment level gain of 4 mm and a gingival margin that was harmonious with adjacent teeth. From a clinical observation, it emerges that root coverage and soft tissue attachment is possible with the use of autogenous CTG in combination with EMD in the management of moderate gingival recession defects.

Purpose

The aim of this study was to measure the length of finish lines associated with various commonly used preparation designs using high technology CAD/CAM.

Materials and methods

A total of 80 extracted human permanent teeth (including 4 distinct morphologies) were divided into 8 groups according to the type of preparation design (all-ceramic crown, ceramic onlay, or ceramic veneer) and tooth type (upper first molar, lower first premolar, upper central incisor and lower central incisor). The length of the finish line for each specimen was measured after performing tooth preparation using Dental Wings 7Series 3D Scanners. The measured lengths associated with the various preparation designs were analyzed.

Results

The length of the finish line was significantly different between complete- and partial-coverage tooth preparations, in which the partial coverage had a longer finish line than the complete coverage.

Conclusion

The complete-coverage preparations evaluated in this study exhibited significantly shorter finish lines compared to the partial-coverage preparations.

Clinical significant

The risk of recurrent caries has been directly related to the marginal integrity of any restoration. However, the relationship between the length of the finish line and recurrent decay may also be significant. Therefore, obtaining baseline information regarding the differences in finish line length of various preparation designs is important.

The objective of this work was to study tooth extraction as a potential risk factor for the seroprevalence of HBV and HCV infections and other related risk factors in Al Farsha area (a low deprived area), south western Saudi Arabia. Patients and their relatives attending the outpatients’ clinics of Al Farsha hospital and relevant primary health care centers were included. A comprehensive questionnaire interview was offered to all participants. Blood samples were taken and tested for HBsAg and HCV antibodies. The present study included 395 persons. Sero-prevalence of HBV and HCV amounted to 15.2% and 2%, respectively. Tooth extraction was found to be a significant risk factor in the transmission of both HBV and HCV infections (aOR = 2.363, aOR = 3.253, respectively). Persons lacking hepatitis B vaccination were also at a higher risk of acquiring HBV infection. There is an urgent need to introduce effective health education campaign and catch-up vaccination against HBV infection in the region. Infection-control education programs tailored to the need of the local health force should be promptly provided. Furthermore, curricula of the local dental colleges must be reviewed to introduce, at an early stage, infection control preventive measures in order to interrupt the transmission of blood-borne infections in general.

Introduction: Major connectors are used with removable partial dentures to connect all other parts to the denture. The use of titanium to fabricate removable partial dentures has recently increased. Objective: This study aimed to assess the effect of the titanium alloy and chrome cobalt to fabricate connectors of removable partial dentures on tooth mobility, bone loss and tissue reaction. Materials and methods: A non-randomized clinical-controlled trial was conducted at the Dental Clinic, Faculty of Dentistry at Al-Azhar University-Assiut Branch, from January 2013 to January 2015. Eighty patients were classified into two groups, which were provided with removable partial dentures comprising titanium alloy and chrome cobalt connectors respectively. Patients’ demographic and clinical data (tooth mobility, bone loss and tissue reaction) were evaluated via the questionnaires, and clinical observations by qualified medical dentists with panoramic X-rays. Both groups were examined at 6, 12, 18 and 24 months. Results: Tooth mobility, in all directions, ranged between 0 mm at enrollment and 0.10 mm in the titanium alloy group and ranged from 0 mm to 0.20 mm in the chrome cobalt group. The difference in tooth mobility between the two groups at the end of the study was statistically significant (p = 0.04). The bone loss ranged from 0 mm at enrollment and 0.05 mm in the titanium alloy group and ranged from 0.04 mm to 0.15 mm in the chrome cobalt group. The difference in bone loss between the two groups was statistically significant (p = 0.01). The tissue reaction in the titanium alloy group ranged from 0 to 0.02, and it ranged from 0 to 0.16 in the chrome cobalt group. The difference in tissue reaction was statistically significant (p = 0.02). Conclusion: Clinical observations suggest that titanium alloy is more suited than chrome cobalt for fabricating the major connectors in removable partial dentures.

This clinical report describes a comprehensive prosthodontic treatment of a young patient diagnosed with Odontogenic Myxoma. The treatment procedures included surgical removal of the tumor, immediate surgical plate, interim obturator, orthodontic treatment, and definitive obturator. The definitive prosthesis was cobalt–chromium removable partial denture gained its support from the remaining teeth and tissues. The follow-up system revealed satisfactory results with no deterioration in the prosthesis.