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Multiple-criteria determination and preventive measures of river ecological water level in the Northern Jiangsu plain 苏北平原河流生态水位多指标测定及预防措施
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.wsee.2023.01.001
Hongyuan Fang , Ye Zhu , Chengjie Wang , Guangdong Xu , Yukun Li , Zhenqi Wang , Alhasan Ahmed Aljawzi

It is vital to employ efficient methods to calculate and determine the threshold of river ecological flow. These methods help to get the river ecological status control countermeasures in the plain river networks and construct a flawless long-term mechanism of ecological flow control (water level). According to the river's current environment and the actual circumstances surrounding its operation and administration, the upper, middle, and lower reaches make up the three sections of the Zong-Liutang River in the Plain of Northern Jiangsu. Furthermore, the ecological water level governing factor for each reach was analyzed and studied. The ecological water level threshold in the upper and lower reaches of the Zong-Liutang River adopted the specified values of Jiangsu Provincial Department of water resources. The threshold of the middle reach was thoroughly analyzed by using the determination method with multi-criteria, which consisted of the hydrological and hydraulic methods (including yearly minimum water level with a 90% assured rate method; wetted perimeter method; minimum monthly average water level method), aquatic living conditions method, and river landscape entertainment factor method. Taking into account the hydrological and hydrodynamic characteristics, observed hydrological data conditions of rivers, and the actual operation rules of rivers and water projects regulations in the Northern Jiangsu plain. Through comparing and contrasting actual operation and management plans, the target values of the ecological water level for the river's upper, middle, and lower reaches were 17.4 m, 8.96 m, and 7.5 m, respectively. Based on the river's ecological water level's control value, which was found through a thorough analysis, and the river's real operation and management conditions, specific measures to protect the river's ecological water level were suggested. These included developing a perfect and workable ecological flow control method, speeding up the development of an ecological water level goal assurance early warning system, and an ecological flow and inlet system.

采用有效的方法计算和确定河流生态流量阈值至关重要。这些方法有助于获得平原河网中河流生态状况控制对策,构建完善的生态流量控制(水位)长效机制。根据长江的现状和运行管理的实际情况,苏北平原的宗柳塘河由上、中、下游三段组成。并对各河段的生态水位控制因素进行了分析研究。宗柳塘河上下游生态水位阈值采用江苏省水利厅规定值。采用水文水力学方法(包括保证率为90%的年最低水位法、浸润周长法、最低月平均水位法)、水生生物条件法和河流景观娱乐因子法等多种标准确定方法,对中游河段的阈值进行了深入分析。考虑到苏北平原的水文和水动力特征、观测到的河流水文数据条件以及河流的实际运行规律和水利工程法规。通过对实际运行管理方案的比较和对比,河流上、中、下游的生态水位目标值分别为17.4m、8.96m和7.5m。根据通过深入分析得出的河流生态水位控制值,结合河流的实际运行管理条件,提出了保护河流生态水位的具体措施。其中包括开发一种完善可行的生态流量控制方法,加快开发生态水位目标保证预警系统和生态流量和进水口系统。
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引用次数: 1
Groundwater salinity and irrigation suitability in low-lying coastal areas. A case of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania 沿海低洼地区地下水盐度与灌溉适宜性。坦桑尼亚达累斯萨拉姆的一个案例
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.wsee.2023.07.002
Timoth Mkilima

Groundwater salinity is a crucial factor that can impact soil structure and plant water uptake, potentially posing a threat to agricultural productivity. This study focused on assessing the salinity hazard of groundwater in low-lying coastal zones, specifically in Dar es Salaam. Thirty four boreholes were examined, and six water quality parameters (magnesium, calcium, sodium, potassium, total dissolved solids and electrical conductivity) were analyzed to investigate the feasibility of using groundwater for irrigation. Sodium adsorption ratio indices were calculated and employed to construct the Wilcox diagram, which played a crucial role in determining the groundwater suitability for irrigation. The concentrations obtained from the analysis of water quality parameters were compared to the permissible limits recommended by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Based on the Sodium Adsorption Ratio analysis, 14.7% of the examined samples were assigned to class one (S1), indicating irrigation-worthy water quality with minimal risk of harmful salt accumulation in the soil. On the other hand, 32.4% of the samples were categorized as class two (S2), indicating water suitable for irrigation with a significant risk that can be effectively managed. Additionally, 17.6% of the sampling points were classified as class three (S3), signifying water unsuitable for most crops. Lastly, 35.3% of the samples fell into class four (S4), suggesting water quality generally unsuitable for irrigation purposes. The analysis indicated that 94% of the samples exceeded 2250 µs/cm, classifying them as C4, indicating extremely high salinity levels rendering them unsuitable for irrigation. This study underscores the importance of conducting comprehensive research before utilizing groundwater for irrigation in low-lying coastal zones.

地下水盐度是影响土壤结构和植物吸水的关键因素,可能对农业生产力构成威胁。这项研究的重点是评估低洼沿海地区,特别是达累斯萨拉姆的地下水的盐度危害。对34个钻孔进行了检查,并分析了6个水质参数(镁、钙、钠、钾、总溶解固体和电导率),以调查使用地下水灌溉的可行性。计算了钠吸附率指标,并将其用于构建威尔科克斯图,该图在确定地下水灌溉适宜性方面起着至关重要的作用。通过分析水质参数获得的浓度与联合国粮食及农业组织建议的允许限值进行了比较。根据钠吸附率分析,14.7%的检测样本被分配到一级(S1),这表明适合灌溉的水质,土壤中有害盐积累的风险最小。另一方面,32.4%的样本被归类为第二类(S2),这表明适合灌溉的水具有可以有效管理的重大风险。此外,17.6%的采样点被归类为第三类(S3),这意味着水不适合大多数作物。最后,35.3%的样本属于第四类(S4),这表明水质通常不适合灌溉。分析表明,94%的样本超过2250µs/cm,被归类为C4,表明盐度极高,不适合灌溉。这项研究强调了在利用地下水灌溉低洼沿海地区之前进行全面研究的重要性。
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引用次数: 0
Assessment of aquatic ecological health: A comparative study between cistern-made and ‘Natural’ earthen-made waterbody 水生态健康评价:池制水体与“天然”土制水体的比较研究
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.wsee.2023.02.001
Sukhendu Dey , Palas Samanta , Apurba Ratan Ghosh

Ecological health of two waterbodies i.e., cistern-made and ‘natural’ earthen-made waterbody was compared in the present study based on temporal variations of physicochemical and biological parameters. Number of physicochemical parameters [transparency, temperature, pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), total suspended solids (TSS), dissolved oxygen (DO), total hardness (TH), total alkalinity (TA), biochemical oxygen demands (BOD), nitrate, phosphate and chlorophyll a (Chl a)], and biological parameters, e.g., zooplankton community and aquatic macrophytes were studied seasonally. Zooplankton communitiy comprised six arthropods and two rotifers. SIMPER analysis depicted that Moina sp., Daphnia sp., and Cyclops sp. were dominant species in cistern pond while Cyclops sp., Daphnia sp., Keratella sp. and Brachionus sp. were dominant in earthen natural pond. Abundance of species was highest in summer followed by post-rainy and winter in both the ponds while maximum abundance of zooplankton was recorded in summer. Species richness peaked in winter in natural pond, while in cistern pond species richness and diversity raised in summer. Multivariate analyses depicted significant temporal variation in zooplankton species in both the conditions. RELATE analysis revealed that temporal variation in species distribution and zooplankton community was significantly correlated with environmental parameters. Moreover, biological-environmental best matching (BIO-ENV) analyses indicated that water temperature, pH, TH and BOD (for cistern pond) and water temperature, EC and TSS (for earthen natural pond) were the main driving forces for temporal variations in species distribution and zooplankton community. Additionally, correlation analysis depicted that Moina sp., Daphnia sp., Diaptomus sp., Cyclops sp., Cypris sp., Bosmina sp., and species abundance was positively (significant) correlated with transparency, water temperature, and Chl a in natural pond. On the other hand, correlation analysis depicted that zooplankton species, species abundance, evenness and diversity were positively correlated with water temperature, DO, BOD and Chl a in cistern pond. Moreover, abundance of aquatic macrophytes were limited in three basic groups, namely free floating [(Lemna sp. (Major), Lemna sp. (Minor), Azolla sp., Pistia sp. and Eichhornia sp.], rooted submerged [Hydrilla sp., Ceratophyllum sp.] and rooted emerged [Nymphaes sp. and Ipomoea sp.]. Further, trophic state index (TSI) value revealed that both the ponds are hyper-eutrophic (‘natural’ waterbody > cistern waterbody) with a strong temporal variations. Therefore, these data could be used as water quality community-based bio-assessment tool as well as basis of water

基于物理化学和生物参数的时间变化,本研究比较了两种水体的生态健康,即蓄水池和“天然”土制水体。物理化学参数的数量[透明度、温度、pH、电导率(EC)、总溶解固体(TDS)、总悬浮固体(TSS)、溶解氧(DO)、总硬度(TH)、总碱度(TA)、生化需氧量(BOD)、硝酸盐、磷酸盐和叶绿素a(Chl a)],以及生物参数,例如。,对浮游动物群落和水生大型植物进行季节性研究。浮游动物群落由六种节肢动物和两种轮虫组成。SIMPER分析表明,Moina sp.、Daphnia sp.和Cyclops sp.是蓄水池中的优势种,而Cyclops sp、Daphia sp.、Keratella sp.和Brachionus sp.在土制天然池塘中占主导地位。两个池塘的物种丰度在夏季最高,其次是雨季后和冬季,而浮游动物的最大丰度记录在夏季。天然池塘的物种丰富度在冬季达到峰值,而蓄水池的物种丰富度和多样性在夏季上升。多变量分析显示,在这两种条件下,浮游动物物种的时间变化显著。RELATE分析表明,物种分布和浮游动物群落的时间变化与环境参数显著相关。此外,生物环境最佳匹配(BIO-ENV)分析表明,水温、pH、TH和BOD(蓄水池)以及水温、EC和TSS(土制天然池塘)是物种分布和浮游动物群落随时间变化的主要驱动力。此外,相关分析表明,Moina sp.、Daphnia sp.、Diaptomus sp.,Cyclops sp.、Cypris sp.和Bosmina sp.的物种丰度与天然池塘的透明度、水温和叶绿素a呈正相关(显著)。相关分析表明,浮游动物种类、物种丰富度、均匀度和多样性与水池水温、DO、BOD和Chl a呈正相关。此外,水生大型植物的丰度被限制在三个基本类群中,即自由漂浮的[(Lemna sp.(Major),Lemna sp.(Minor),Azolla sp.,Pistia sp.和Eichhornia sp.],生根的淹没的[Hydrilla sp.,Ceratophyllum sp.]和生根的出现的[睡莲sp.和Ipomoea sp.]。此外,营养状态指数(TSI)值表明,这两个池塘都是超富营养化的(‘天然’水体>;蓄水池水体),具有强烈的时间变化。因此,这些数据可以作为基于社区的水质生物评估工具,以及监测污染水平或保护水生生态的水质管理计划的基础。
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引用次数: 0
Prioritization of erosion susceptible watersheds using morphometric analysis and PCA approach: A case study of lower Sutlej River basin of Indian Punjab 基于形态计量分析和主成分分析法的侵蚀易感流域优先排序——以印度旁遮普萨特莱吉河下游流域为例
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.wsee.2023.08.002
Navneet Sharma , Arun Kaushal , Abrar Yousuf , Samanpreet Kaur , Rakesh Sharda , Som Pal Singh , OP Gupta , Anil Sood

Morphometry helps in understanding the behaviour of drainage characteristics with respect to various hydrological processes including infiltration, runoff, erosion and sediment transport. Morphometric analysis of river basins is an essential technique to the study the response of drainage basin in response to topological characteristics. The river basins' morphometric analysis is an important technique to prioritize the watersheds for implementation of soil and water management strategies. In this study, the morphometric characteristics of the lower Sutlej River have been determined using the geo-spatial techniques. The river basin, having area of 8577 km2, was delineated into the fourteen sub-watersheds (WS-1 to WS-14) in the GIS environment. The ALOS PALSAR DEM and ArcGIS were utilized to evaluate the morphometric parameters of the delineated watersheds. The calculated morphometric parameters were used to rank the watersheds in terms of soil erosion potential. The priority ranks to the watersheds were assigned as per compound parameter, which was calculated by averaging the ranks designated to each morphometric parameter. Watersheds with the lowest compound parameter values were given the highest priority rating, and vice versa. Based on the results WS-7 was assigned the first rank whereas WS-13 was assigned the 13th rank. The principal component analysis was performed to determine the highly correlated morphometric parameters. Out of the 18 parameters, 13 were found be highly correlated. The compound parameter obtained based on these highly correlated parameters also prioritized WS-7 as the most vulnerable watershed. Therefore, WS-7 should be selected for the implementation of soil and water conservation strategies. It can be concluded that morphometric analysis along with PCA in combination with GIS can be helpful in prioritizing the watersheds in terms of soil erosion vulnerability and water management.

形态计量学有助于了解排水特性在各种水文过程中的表现,包括渗透、径流、侵蚀和沉积物输送。流域形态计量分析是研究流域对拓扑特征响应的重要技术。河流流域的形态计量分析是一项重要的技术,可以优先考虑流域,以实施水土管理战略。在本研究中,已使用地理空间技术确定了Sutlej河下游的形态计量特征。流域面积8577km2,在GIS环境中划分为14个子流域(WS-1至WS-14)。利用ALOS PALSAR DEM和ArcGIS对划定流域的形态参数进行了评价。计算的形态计量参数用于根据土壤侵蚀潜力对流域进行排名。流域的优先等级是根据复合参数分配的,该参数是通过对每个形态测量参数指定的等级取平均值来计算的。具有最低复合参数值的流域被给予最高优先级,反之亦然。根据结果,WS-7被分配了第一个等级,而WS-13被分配了第13个等级。进行主成分分析以确定高度相关的形态计量学参数。在18个参数中,有13个被发现高度相关。基于这些高度相关的参数获得的复合参数也将WS-7列为最脆弱的分水岭。因此,水土保持战略的实施应选择WS-7。可以得出的结论是,形态计量分析以及主成分分析与地理信息系统相结合,有助于从土壤侵蚀脆弱性和水资源管理的角度对流域进行优先排序。
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引用次数: 0
Assessment of the ecotoxicological effects of deltamethrin to Daphnia magna: Linking sub-individual and supra-individual parameters 溴氰菊酯对大水蚤的生态毒理学效应评价:亚个体与超个体参数的关联
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.wsee.2023.10.002
S. Rodrigues , M.I. Teixeira , B.S. Diogo , S.C. Antunes

Deltamethrin (DM) is a pyrethroid insecticide, widely used worldwide, and is known to be toxic to diverse aquatic organisms. This work intended to evaluate the ecotoxicological effects of DM in Daphnia magna. To calculate the LC50 and EC50 values, an acute bioassay was conducted with a range of DM concentrations (0.1-150 µg/L). A chronic bioassay was also performed with a range of DM concentrations (18.66-100 ng/L). In both assays, a negative and a solvent control (acetone) were also tested. Life history parameters (reproduction and growth) were evaluated. Biochemical quantifications were also assessed regarding antioxidant and biotransformation capacity, oxidative damage, neurotoxicity, energy reserves content, and genotoxicity. LC50 values and confidence interval at 95 % (CI95) were 64.13 (CI95: 46.40–81.85) and 65.22 (CI95: 43.17–87.27) μg/L, and EC50 values were 0.68 (CI95: 0.54–0.81) and 0.31 (CI95: 0.23–0.39) μg/L, for 24 h and 48 h, respectively. Regarding life-history parameters, only the lower DM concentration tested (18.7 ng/L) induced a significant increase in the rate of population increase (r). A significant increase in the solvent control was recorded for N1 fecundity, reproductive output, and r. Biochemical effects were only observed in terms of antioxidant/detoxification mechanisms (18.7, 32.6, 100 ng/L and solvent control) and oxidative damage (>18.7 ng/L and solvent control) but did not show an evident pattern of oxidative stress promoted by DM. Depletion of energy reserves (glycogen content) was observed from the lowest concentration tested as well as for the solvent control, and DNA damage up to 100 ng/L of DM was also observed. Future investigations (e.g. ecotoxicological studies with exposure of other aquatic organisms to environmentally relevant concentrations for longer exposure periods) would be required to confirm DM’s toxicity under ecologically relevant conditions. Moreover, the solvent effects in an ecotoxicological approach must be clarified.

溴氰菊酯(DM)是一种拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂,在世界范围内广泛使用,已知对多种水生生物有毒。本工作旨在评估DM对大型瑞香的生态毒理学影响。为了计算LC50和EC50值,在一定范围的DM浓度(0.1-150µg/L)下进行了急性生物测定。在一定范围(18.66-100 g/L)的DM浓度下也进行了慢性生物测定。两种测定中,还测试了阴性和溶剂对照(丙酮)。对生活史参数(繁殖和生长)进行了评估。还评估了抗氧化和生物转化能力、氧化损伤、神经毒性、能量储备含量和遗传毒性方面的生化定量。在24小时和48小时内,95%(CI95)的LC50值和置信区间分别为64.13(CI95:46.40-81.85)和65.22(CI95:43.17-87.27)μg/L,EC50值分别为0.68(CI95:0.54–0.81)和0.31(CI95:0.23–0.39)μg/L。关于生活史参数,只有较低的DM浓度(18.7纳克/升)才能显著提高人口增长率(r)。N1繁殖力、生殖产量和r在溶剂控制中显著增加。仅在抗氧化/解毒机制(18.7、32.6、100ng/L和溶剂控制)和氧化损伤(>18.7 ng/L和溶液控制)方面观察到生化效应,但没有显示出DM促进的氧化应激的明显模式。从测试的最低浓度以及溶剂对照中观察到能量储备(糖原含量)的消耗,并且还观察到高达100ng/L的DM的DNA损伤。未来的调查(例如,将其他水生生物暴露在与环境相关的浓度下更长时间的生态毒理学研究)将需要确认DM在与生态相关的条件下的毒性。此外,必须澄清生态毒理学方法中的溶剂效应。
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引用次数: 0
A systematic review of ecosystem services assessments, trends, and challenges in Ethiopia 埃塞俄比亚生态系统服务评估、趋势和挑战的系统回顾
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.wsee.2022.12.002
Chakoro Tamire , Eyasu Elias , Mekuria Argaw

This systematic review analyzes ecosystem services assessments and challenges at the national level of Ethiopia. The articles were downloaded from Google Scholar and Science Direct. Using the Boolean theory in the selected search engine, the number of articles downloaded was 78, but only 54 met the criteria. The output indicated that approximately 45% of the analyzed articles were performed in the forest ecosystem. But urban greening, groundwater-dependent ecosystem, and national parks are Ethiopia's most miniature researchable ecosystems. The most valued category of ecosystem services in the review article was the provision and regulation of services. The common methods used in researching the valuation process were simple estimation rather than standardized modeling systems. The other methods, such as benefit transfer, willingness to pay, choice experiments, bao game, and accounting of national systems, were standardized for estimating the ecosystem's economic value in selected articles. Based on the analysis, the value of the ecosystem services in Ethiopia showed a decreasing trend year by year. The most common drivers of ecosystem service change were land cover change, climate change, population growth, invasive species, insufficient attention from policymakers, and lack of sensitization of community and government authorities. Ignorance and lack of awareness about ecosystem services are enormous challenges for Ethiopia. Therefore, creating awareness for the community and government organizations must be the first task to restore and conserve all natural resources and ecosystem services.

本系统综述分析了埃塞俄比亚国家层面的生态系统服务评估和挑战。这些文章是从Google Scholar和Science Direct下载的。在选定的搜索引擎中使用布尔理论,下载的文章数量为78篇,但只有54篇符合标准。产出表明,大约45%的分析文章是在森林生态系统中进行的。但城市绿化、依赖地下水的生态系统和国家公园是埃塞俄比亚最微型的可研究生态系统。审查文章中最有价值的生态系统服务类别是服务的提供和管理。研究估价过程中常用的方法是简单的估计,而不是标准化的建模系统。其他方法,如利益转移、支付意愿、选择实验、包博弈和国家系统核算,在选定的文章中被标准化,用于估计生态系统的经济价值。根据分析,埃塞俄比亚生态系统服务价值呈逐年下降趋势。生态系统服务变化的最常见驱动因素是土地覆盖变化、气候变化、人口增长、入侵物种、决策者关注不足以及社区和政府当局缺乏敏感性。对生态系统服务的无知和缺乏认识是埃塞俄比亚面临的巨大挑战。因此,恢复和保护所有自然资源和生态系统服务的首要任务必须是提高社区和政府组织的认识。
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引用次数: 7
First report of “wire mesh reinforcement” in avian nest construction “钢丝网加固”在鸟窝建设中的应用首次报道
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.wsee.2023.03.002
Pathissery John Sarlin , Sancia Morris , Savio Morris , Sandie Morris , Polycarp Joseph

Debris accumulation in natural ecosystems is one of several anthropogenic stressors exerting pressure on ecosystems all around the world. Effects of the ubiquitous anthropogenic debris pollution on free-living organisms is well known. Increasing reports of anthropogenic debris in nests of several species of birds ranging from terrestrial to seabirds are pouring in year after year. Shortage of natural nesting materials coupled with abundance of anthropogenic debris have been suggested the rationale behind the change in the nest building. Synthetic materials incorporated in nests can harm the occupants and negatively impact nesting and fledging success. As of late, majority of these studies are centred on plastic debris in bird nests. Here we present, a report of nest incorporation of metallic wire mesh in avian nests. 24 nests of Little egrets and 9 nests of Indian pond herons, totalling 33 nests in a heronry in India contained welded wire mesh. Though metal strips and wires in bird nests have been reported earlier, this could be the first report of inclusion of wire mesh in bird nests.

自然生态系统中的碎片堆积是对世界各地生态系统施加压力的几种人为压力之一。普遍存在的人为碎片污染对自由生活生物的影响是众所周知的。从陆地鸟类到海鸟等多种鸟类巢穴中的人为碎片报告逐年增多。天然筑巢材料的短缺加上大量的人为碎片被认为是筑巢变化背后的原因。巢穴中加入的合成材料会对居住者造成伤害,并对筑巢和幼鸟的成功产生负面影响。到目前为止,这些研究大多集中在鸟巢中的塑料碎片上。在这里,我们提出了一份关于在鸟巢中加入金属丝网的报告。24个小白鹭巢穴和9个印度池鹭巢穴,在印度的一个鹭场内共有33个巢穴装有焊接丝网。尽管早些时候已经报道过鸟巢中的金属条和金属丝,但这可能是第一份在鸟巢中加入金属丝网的报道。
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引用次数: 0
Over-summering shorebirds at the Kerala coasts, west-coast of India 印度西海岸喀拉拉邦海岸过夏的滨鸟
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.wsee.2023.09.001
C.T. Shifa

Over-summering is a phenomenon usually exhibited by migratory shorebirds. Those individuals that over-summer at their wintering grounds appear to be sexually immature or unfit to meet the risks of migration. Documentation of such migratory shorebirds are scanty along the Indian coasts and the present study focused on recording the over-summering shorebirds at five sites (Kappad Beach, Korappuzha Beach, Elathur Beach, Ariyallur Beach and Kadalundi-Vallikkunnu Community Reserve) along the west coast of India during 2021–2022. Over-summering shorebird species were identified and documented once in a week using a binocular, a spotting scope and a 4 K high speed motion latest video camera. Six species of over-summering shorebirds (Lesser Sand Plover Charadrius mongolus, Greater Sand Plover Charadrius leschenaultii, Pacific Golden Plover Pluvialis fulva, Whimbrel Numenius phaeopus, Common Sandpiper Actitis hypoleucos and Ruddy Turnstone Arenaria interpres) were recorded from the five study areas and their abundance were observed to be declining during the study period.

夏季过度迁徙是候鸟经常出现的现象。那些在夏季越冬地的个体在性方面似乎不成熟或不适合应对迁徙的风险。印度海岸对这种迁徙滨鸟的记录很少,本研究重点记录了2021年至2022年期间印度西海岸五个地点(Kappad海滩、Korappuzha海滩、Elathur海滩、Ariyallur海滩和Kadalundi Vallikkunnu社区保护区)的过夏滨鸟。使用双目望远镜、瞄准镜和最新的4K高速摄像机,每周一次识别和记录夏季的滨鸟物种。在五个研究区记录了六种过夏滨鹬(小沙鹬、大沙鹬),观察到它们的丰度在研究期间呈下降趋势。
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引用次数: 0
Prioritization of watersheds based on morphometric assessment in relation to flood management: A case study of Ajay river basin, Eastern India 基于与洪水管理相关的形态计量评估的流域优先排序:印度东部Ajay河流域的案例研究
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.wsee.2022.11.011
Subhasish Sutradhar, Prolay Mondal

Morphometric analysis and sub-watershed prioritising were carried out to ascertain the Ajay river basin's susceptibility to flooding. The whole Ajay river basin was divided into seven smaller watersheds, and a ranking algorithm was used to the morphometric features of these smaller watersheds to determine their prioritization rank. 13 distinct morphometric criteria of linear, relief and areal characters have been found and used to rank and priorities sub-watersheds, for critical analysis. Some morphometric parameters have a direct correlation with flood occurrence, whilst others have an indirect association with flood occurrence. According to their relative significance and impact on the floods, all parameters have been given weighted ratings. The basin with the lowest parameter value is placed first in the ranking. According to the results of the study, sub-watershed 7, which is located in the lower catchment of the Ajay river basin, is very vulnerable to floods. The findings of this research may be utilized as advice by competent authorities in the early stages of flood mitigation efforts, if necessary.

进行了形态计量分析和子流域优先排序,以确定Ajay河流域对洪水的易感性。将整个Ajay河流域划分为七个较小的流域,并对这些较小流域的形态特征使用排序算法来确定其优先级。已经找到了13个不同的线性、起伏和面积特征的形态计量标准,并用于对子流域进行排序和优先排序,以进行批判性分析。一些形态计量参数与洪水发生有直接相关性,而另一些则与洪水发生间接相关。根据其相对重要性和对洪水的影响,对所有参数进行了加权评级。参数值最低的流域在排名中排名第一。根据研究结果,位于Ajay河流域较低流域的第7子流域非常容易受到洪水的影响。如有必要,主管当局可在防洪工作的早期阶段将这项研究的结果用作建议。
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引用次数: 10
Coupling MCDM-based ensemble and AHP for the sustainable management of erosion risk in a tropical Sub-Saharan basin 基于mcdm和AHP的热带撒哈拉以南盆地侵蚀风险可持续管理的耦合研究
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.wsee.2023.08.001
Saheed Adekunle Raji , Akinlabi O. Akintuyi , Emmanuel O. Wunude , Busayo Fashoto

Intensified erosion threats are one of the major ecological problems ravaging global basins. To address this problem, it is crucial to identify erosion-prone areas at the sub-watershed level. In this study, a seven multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) models ensemble was developed to prioritize sub-watersheds in the Anambra Basin based on erosion risk. The integration of the MCDM models with the Analytical Hierarchical Process and Geographic Information System with 23 geomorphometric parameters (specifically 12 linear, 6 shape, and 5 relief parameters), enabled a comprehensive ranking approach. The accuracy of the models was tested using normalised Spearman's rank correlation to compute a uniform sub-watershed ranking. The results revealed that the study area is a 7th order basin with drainage densities between 0.54 km/km2 to 0.62 km/km2, average peak flow between 88 m3/sec to 361 m3/sec, texture ratio between 2.54/km to 11.25/km, and mean basin slope values between 10.9° to 22.2°. Out of the eight sub-watersheds, as indicated by the MCDM models, H returned the highest aggregate rank (1st), making it the top priority for erosion risk mitigation while B ranked the least (8th) suggesting the presence of some environmental conditions that are less erosion prone. The top-ranked MCDM models, MOORA (multi-objective optimisation based on ratio analysis) and COPRAS (complex proportional assessment), show that they are the best options for managing erosion in the Anambra Basin. These findings offer prospects for sustainable erosion risk control at the sub-watershed level and a scientific basis for resource management for basins with similar characteristics around the world.

侵蚀威胁加剧是破坏全球流域的主要生态问题之一。为了解决这一问题,在子流域一级确定易受侵蚀的地区至关重要。在这项研究中,开发了一个七个多标准决策(MCDM)模型集合,以根据侵蚀风险对阿南布拉盆地的子流域进行优先排序。MCDM模型与具有23个地貌参数(特别是12个线性参数、6个形状参数和5个起伏参数)的分析层次过程和地理信息系统相结合,实现了综合排名方法。使用归一化的Spearman秩相关性来计算统一的子流域排序,从而测试了模型的准确性。结果表明,研究区为7级流域,流域密度在0.54 km/km2至0.62 km/km2之间,平均洪峰流量在88 m3/s至361 m3/s之间,质地比在2.54/km至11.25/km之间,平均流域坡度值在10.9°至22.2°之间。如MCDM模型所示,在8个子流域中,使其成为缓解侵蚀风险的首要任务,而B排名最低(第8位),这表明存在一些不太容易受到侵蚀的环境条件。排名靠前的MCDM模型MOORA(基于比率分析的多目标优化)和COPRAS(复杂比例评估)表明,它们是管理阿南布拉盆地侵蚀的最佳选择。这些发现为子流域层面的可持续侵蚀风险控制提供了前景,并为世界各地具有类似特征的流域的资源管理提供了科学依据。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Watershed Ecology and the Environment
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