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Interactions of socioecological factors on the supply–demand balance of ecosystem services in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, China 社会生态因素对中国长江经济带生态系统服务供需平衡的相互作用
Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.wsee.2024.07.001
Zhiming Zhang, Fengman Fang, Xiaojing Cheng, Chenbo Huang

A comprehensive understanding of how socioecological factors influence multiple ecosystem services (ESs) may provide stakeholders with a management tool to coordinate economic development and environmental protection. However, previous studies have focused more on the supply side compared with the demand of ESs. Furthermore, the underlying mechanisms for the changes in the supply–demand balance of ESs and their multiple drivers remain unclear. Therefore, in this study, an integrated theoretical framework was developed to assess the interactions of socioecological factors, including land use and cover, the social economy, climate, and topography, with the variations in ES supply, demand, and balance, which were mapped at the city scale in the Yangtze River Economic Belt (YREB). A variance inflation factor (VIF) was employed to detect the multicollinearity of the factors, and the sum of Akaike weights was used to simplify the driving factors and identify essential driving factors. We employed variation partitioning analysis (VPA) to reveal the effects of unique and combined drivers on ES supply, demand and balance. The results revealed that undersupply cities (11.93% of the area) were concentrated within the three national urban agglomerations and increased in area from upstream to downstream, whereas oversupply cities (88.07%) were distributed mainly in the surroundings of the urban agglomerations. According to the VPA, the essential driving factors effectively explain the variation in the ES supply, demand, and balance in the YREB. More importantly, these driving factors were simplified with no significant decrease in explanatory power. In oversupply cities, the ES changes were determined based on socioeconomic factors (urbanization rate and population density), land use/land cover (cropland, woodland, and unused land), and their interactions. In undersupply cities, population density (PD) explained the majority of the variation in ESs. However, the effects of climate and topography on ESs were more prominent at the scale of all cities in the YREB. In addition, PD displayed a significant negative correlation with ES supply and balance, but was positively related to ES demand in the undersupply cities. These findings contribute to a comprehensive understanding of the effects of the interactions among socioecological factors on the supply–demand balance of ESs. This study is informative for human well-being and sustainable socioeconomic development in the region.

全面了解社会生态因素如何影响多种生态系统服务 (ES),可为利益相关者提供协调经济发展与环境保护的管理工具。然而,与生态系统服务的需求相比,以往的研究更多地关注供给方面。此外,生态系统服务供需平衡变化的内在机制及其多重驱动因素仍不清楚。因此,本研究建立了一个综合理论框架,以评估社会生态因素(包括土地利用和植被、社会经济、气候和地形)与生态系统服务供给、需求和平衡变化之间的相互作用。采用方差膨胀因子(VIF)检测因子的多重共线性,并使用阿凯克权重总和简化驱动因子,确定基本驱动因子。我们采用变异分区分析法(VPA)揭示了独特驱动因素和综合驱动因素对 ES 供求与平衡的影响。结果显示,供不应求城市(占面积的 11.93%)主要集中在三个国家级城市群内,且面积从上游向下游递增;而供过于求城市(占面积的 88.07%)主要分布在城市群的周边地区。根据 VPA,基本驱动因素有效地解释了粤东西北地区生态系统服务供给、需求和平衡的变化。更重要的是,这些驱动因素经过简化后,解释力并没有明显下降。在供过于求的城市,ES 的变化是由社会经济因素(城市化率和人口密度)、土地利用/土地覆盖(耕地、林地和未利用地)及其相互作用决定的。在供应不足的城市中,人口密度(PD)解释了 ES 的大部分变化。然而,在 YREB 的所有城市中,气候和地形对 ESs 的影响更为突出。此外,人口密度与生态系统服务的供应和平衡呈显著负相关,但在生态系统服务供应不足的城市,人口密度与生态系统服务的需求呈正相关。这些发现有助于全面了解社会生态因素之间的相互作用对生态系统服务供需平衡的影响。这项研究对该地区的人类福祉和社会经济可持续发展具有借鉴意义。
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引用次数: 0
Modeling projected impacts of climate and land use/land cover changes on streamflow in Gelana Catchment, Southern Ethiopia 模拟气候和土地利用/土地覆盖变化对埃塞俄比亚南部 Gelana 集水区溪流的预期影响
Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.wsee.2024.09.003
Alemu Osore Aga, Muse Wldmchel Shomre
Effective watershed management is extremely critical because changes in the global and local distribution of climate have a direct impact on ecosystems. The primary goal of the current study was to evaluate current and projected climate and land use land cover (LULC) change on streamflow in Gelana catchment. LULC prepared via supervised classification algorithm by using ERDAS (Earth Resources and Development Systems) software, ArcGIS 10.4 (for satellite image processing and map preparation), and the Cellular Automata (CA)-Markov model revealed significant gains in agricultural and built-up over forest and pasture land classes. A coordinated regional climate downscaling experiment under the Africa domain for three regional climate data for two future scenarios (RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5) showed a significant reduction in rainfall from 48.64 % to 4.6 %, while minimum and maximum temperatures increased from 0.58 to 3.35 °C and 0.5 to 2.93 °C, respectively. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model was applied to analyze the impact of LULC and climate change on streamflow. The model calibration and validation were carried out by using monthly observed streamflow for the most sensitive parameters by using Sequential Uncertainty Fitting (SUFI-2) within the SWAT Calibration of Uncertainty Program (SWAT-CUP). The model performed well between observed and simulated streamflow, with R2, NSE, PBIAS, P, and r-factors of 0.84, 0.77, −15.9, 0.68, and 0.56 for calibration and 0.88, 0.8, −14, 0.63, and 0.65 for validation, respectively. The results of the study implied the simulated mean annual streamflow increased from 3.22 % to 23.82 % in the case of LULC change alone, while it decreased from 38.2 % to 23.27 % for climate change alone for the near-term of RCP 4.5 and from 45.3 % to 24.6 % for RCP 8.5. Further substantial decline was observed in the combined simulation, from 55.38 % to 42.45 % and 62.15 % to 59.36 % for the near and far future of RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5, respectively. In order to address the constraints, current findings are valuable to scale up sustainable natural resource management.
有效的流域管理极其重要,因为全球和地方气候分布的变化会对生态系统产生直接影响。本研究的主要目标是评估当前和预测的气候和土地利用、土地覆盖(LULC)变化对 Gelana 流域溪流的影响。通过使用 ERDAS(地球资源与开发系统)软件、ArcGIS 10.4(用于卫星图像处理和地图绘制)和细胞自动机(CA)-马尔科夫模型,采用监督分类算法编制的 LULC 显示,农业用地和建筑用地的数量明显多于森林和牧场用地。针对两种未来情景(RCP 4.5 和 RCP 8.5)的三个区域气候数据,在非洲域下进行了协调的区域气候降尺度实验,结果显示降雨量从 48.64% 显著减少到 4.6%,而最低气温和最高气温分别从 0.58 ℃ 上升到 3.35 ℃ 和 0.5 ℃ 上升到 2.93 ℃。水土评估工具(SWAT)模型用于分析土地利用、土地利用变化和气候变化对河水流量的影响。利用 SWAT 不确定性校准程序 (SWAT-CUP) 中的序列不确定性拟合 (SUFI-2),对最敏感参数的月度观测流量进行了模型校准和验证。该模型在观测流和模拟流之间表现良好,校准的 R2、NSE、PBIAS、P 和 r 系数分别为 0.84、0.77、-15.9、0.68 和 0.56,验证的 R2、NSE、PBIAS、P 和 r 系数分别为 0.88、0.8、-14、0.63 和 0.65。研究结果表明,仅在土地利用、土地利用变化和气候变化的情况下,模拟的年平均径流量从 3.22% 增加到 23.82%;而在 RCP 4.5 的近期,仅在气候变化的情况下,模拟的年平均径流量从 38.2% 下降到 23.27%;在 RCP 8.5 的情况下,模拟的年平均径流量从 45.3% 下降到 24.6%。在综合模拟中观察到进一步大幅下降,在 RCP 4.5 和 RCP 8.5 的近期和远期,分别从 55.38% 降至 42.45% 和 62.15% 降至 59.36%。为了解决这些制约因素,目前的研究结果对于加强可持续自然资源管理具有重要价值。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluating water quality change with hydrologic restoration in the Western Everglades (Florida, USA), an application of WAM 评估西部大沼泽地(美国佛罗里达州)水文修复带来的水质变化,WAM 的应用
Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.wsee.2024.05.001
Paul Julian , Stephen E. Davis

Hydrologic restoration at the watershed scale is a complex process that can influence other processes and conditions within the watershed and downstream systems. Given these interrelated watershed scale processes, tools like models are essential to assess the potential effectiveness of sub-watershed to regional remediation strategies for ecological restoration. The goal of Everglades restoration is to restore the quality, quantity, and timing of water to one of the most ecologically unique and complex systems. This study aimed to evaluate changes to water quality associated with hydrologic restoration efforts within the Feeder Canal Basin as identified by the Western Everglades Restoration Project (WERP) by demonstrating, through simulations the potential effectiveness of implementing water quality remediation measures such as Best Management Practices (BMPs) and Stormwater Treatment Areas (STAs) within the WERP area. Additionally, to understand potential phosphorus sources and pre-develpoement conditions within the basin, a pre-development baseline was developed. Using the Watershed Assessment Model (WAM) various model alternatives including the WERP tentatively selected plan (TSP) were developed for a 22 year period of simulation. The implementation of both moderate and aggressive BMPs significantly reduced total phosphorus concentrations within the canal system at various levels indicating an improvement to near-field conditions. Meanwhile, not until the moderated BMPs and operation of an STA do water quality improvement become realized further downstream. The combined strategy of BMPs and STA demonstrates the integrated nature of nutrient remediation with both near and far-field benefits to the system with hydrologic restoration. This integrated strategy of water quality and hydrologic restoration can lead to a more sustainable and resilient restored ecosystem.

流域尺度的水文恢复是一个复杂的过程,会影响流域和下游系统内的其他过程和条件。鉴于这些相互关联的流域尺度过程,模型等工具对于评估次流域到区域生态修复策略的潜在有效性至关重要。大沼泽地修复的目标是恢复水质、水量和水流时间,使其成为生态上最独特、最复杂的系统之一。本研究旨在评估西部大沼泽地修复项目(WERP)确定的支渠流域内与水文修复工作相关的水质变化,通过模拟演示在西部大沼泽地修复项目区域内实施水质修复措施(如最佳管理规范 (BMP) 和雨水处理区 (STA))的潜在效果。此外,为了了解流域内潜在的磷源和开发前的状况,还制定了开发前基线。利用流域评估模型 (WAM),开发了各种模型替代方案,包括 WERP 暂选计划 (TSP),模拟期为 22 年。实施适度和积极的 BMP 后,运河系统内不同水平的总磷浓度都有明显降低,表明近场条件有所改善。与此同时,在缓和型 BMP 和 STA 运行之后,下游的水质才有所改善。BMP 和 STA 的组合策略表明,营养物修复具有综合性质,可通过水文恢复为系统带来近场和远场效益。这种水质和水文恢复的综合策略可使恢复后的生态系统更具可持续性和复原力。
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引用次数: 0
An analysis of policy and legal framework on wetland conservation and management in South Africa 南非湿地保护和管理政策与法律框架分析
Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.wsee.2024.03.001
Ndidzulafhi Innocent Sinthumule

South Africa has a wealth of wetlands that provide a range of environmental, cultural and economic goods and services. In recognition of the importance of wetlands, South Africa has been a member of the Ramsar Convention on Wetlands of International Importance (also referred to as the Ramsar Convention) since 1975. Apart from this international commitment, South Africa has developed an array of environmental laws and policies that serve as instruments for protecting and managing wetlands. The study aimed to analyse the strengths and limitations of South Africa’s environmental policies and legislative framework that promotes wetland protection and management. The Constitution and nine environmental national laws with provisions relating to wetland conservation and management were thus purposefully selected and analysed qualitatively. The study found that there is no stand-alone wetland policy that protects wetlands; rather, several sectoral policies integrate objectives relating to wetland conservation in the country including those that cover agriculture, the environment, biodiversity and water. This multiplicity means there are no unified management objectives for wetlands protection and conservation. The study also found that there is a lack of harmonisation of policies and legislation, inadequate intergovernmental coordination and no integrated monitoring among the government departments involved. The study concludes that this disjointed and incoherent approach to wetlands conservation and management has weakened the effectiveness of the legal framework and this has obstructed their effectiveness in protecting this sensitive ecosystem.

南非拥有丰富的湿地,可提供一系列环境、文化和经济产品与服务。鉴于湿地的重要性,南非自 1975 年以来一直是《拉姆萨尔国际重要湿地公约》(又称《拉姆萨尔公约》)的成员。除这一国际承诺外,南非还制定了一系列环境法律和政策,作为保护和管理湿地的工具。本研究旨在分析南非促进湿地保护和管理的环境政策和立法框架的优势和局限性。因此,有目的地选择了《宪法》和九部载有湿地保护和管理相关条款的国家环境法,并对其进行了定性分析。研究发现,该国没有独立的湿地保护政策;相反,若干部门政策整合了与湿地保护有关的目标,包括涉及农业、环境、生物多样性和水的政策。这种多重性意味着没有统一的湿地保护和养护管理目标。研究还发现,政策和立法缺乏统一性,政府间协调不足,相关政府部门之间也没有进行综合监测。研究得出结论,这种脱节和不连贯的湿地保护和管理方法削弱了法律框架的有效性,阻碍了其保护这一敏感生态系统的有效性。
{"title":"An analysis of policy and legal framework on wetland conservation and management in South Africa","authors":"Ndidzulafhi Innocent Sinthumule","doi":"10.1016/j.wsee.2024.03.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wsee.2024.03.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>South Africa has a wealth of wetlands that provide a range of environmental, cultural and economic goods and services. In recognition of the importance of wetlands, South Africa has been a member of the Ramsar Convention on Wetlands of International Importance (also referred to as the Ramsar Convention) since 1975. Apart from this international commitment, South Africa has developed an array of environmental laws and policies that serve as instruments for protecting and managing wetlands. The study aimed to analyse the strengths and limitations of South Africa’s environmental policies and legislative framework that promotes wetland protection and management. The Constitution and nine environmental national laws with provisions relating to wetland conservation and management were thus purposefully selected and analysed qualitatively. The study found that there is no stand-alone wetland policy that protects wetlands; rather, several sectoral policies integrate objectives relating to wetland conservation in the country including those that cover agriculture, the environment, biodiversity and water. This multiplicity means there are no unified management objectives for wetlands protection and conservation. The study also found that there is a lack of harmonisation of policies and legislation, inadequate intergovernmental coordination and no integrated monitoring among the government departments involved. The study concludes that this disjointed and incoherent approach to wetlands conservation and management has weakened the effectiveness of the legal framework and this has obstructed their effectiveness in protecting this sensitive ecosystem.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101280,"journal":{"name":"Watershed Ecology and the Environment","volume":"6 ","pages":"Pages 63-69"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589471424000020/pdfft?md5=2d3121543a6b0c8fb0c6366bad92f1fc&pid=1-s2.0-S2589471424000020-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140145271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Morphometric analysis of watersheds: A comprehensive review of data sources, quality, and geospatial techniques 流域形态计量分析:数据来源、质量和地理空间技术综合评述
Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.wsee.2023.12.001
Padala Raja Shekar, Aneesh Mathew

The analysis of morphometric parameters plays a crucial role in understanding and managing watersheds, making it a fundamental component of hydrological investigations. This review paper talks about how important it is to objectively evaluate morphometric parameters, with a focus on the evaluation of basins' relief, linear, and areal parameters. However, it is noted that there is a lack of a distinct standard classification and implication for each parameter in some research publications. Furthermore, the range and categories of values for each morphometric parameter have not been adequately addressed in previous studies. Many papers state whether a particular parameter's resultant value is high or low without providing specific value ranges or associated implications. Also, it is emphasised that the accuracy and sources of digital elevation models (DEMs) affect how well morphometric parameter analysis works, even when DEMs with the same resolution are used. The existing literature demonstrates that determining the value of each morphometric parameter poses significant challenges. Moreover, verifying the first and second Horton's laws and assessing the correlations between morphometric parameters have been lacking in some articles. The main objective of this review article is to address these gaps by providing an in-depth study of each parameter's categorization, including the range of values, the level of input data quality, the data products generated, and the applicability of the fundamental Horton's laws. By doing so, this review aims to enhance the understanding of morphometric parameters, their value ranges, and the significance of their application in watershed analysis and management.

形态参数分析在了解和管理流域方面起着至关重要的作用,因此是水文调查的基本组成部分。本综述论文论述了客观评估形态参数的重要性,重点是评估流域的地形、线形和面积参数。然而,本文指出,在一些研究出版物中,对每种参数缺乏明确的标准分类和含义。此外,以往的研究也没有充分考虑每个形态参数的取值范围和类别。许多论文只说明某个参数的结果值是高还是低,却没有提供具体的数值范围或相关影响。另外,需要强调的是,数字高程模型(DEM)的精度和来源会影响形态参数分析的效果,即使使用相同分辨率的 DEM 也是如此。现有文献表明,确定每个形态测量参数的值是一项重大挑战。此外,一些文章还缺乏对霍顿第一和第二定律的验证以及对形态测量参数之间相关性的评估。本综述文章的主要目的是通过深入研究每个参数的分类,包括数值范围、输入数据质量水平、生成的数据产品以及基本霍顿定律的适用性,来弥补这些不足。通过这样做,本综述旨在加深对形态计量参数、其取值范围以及在流域分析和管理中的应用意义的理解。
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引用次数: 0
Translation of international frameworks and national policies on climate change, land degradation, and biodiversity to develop integrated risk assessment for watershed management in Indonesia 翻译关于气候变化、土地退化和生物多样性的国际框架和国家政策,为印度尼西亚的流域管理发展综合风险评估
Pub Date : 2023-10-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.wsee.2023.10.001
Perdinan , Raden Eliasar Prabowo Tjahjono , Delta Yova Dwi Infrawan , Suvany Aprilia , Ryco Farysca Adi , Rizki Abdul Basit , Arif Wibowo , Kardono , Koko Wijanarko

The international conventions on environments, i.e., biodiversity (United Nations Convention on Biodiversity - UNCBD), land degradation (United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification - UNCCD), and climate change (United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change - UNFCCC) stipulates country-level policies, programs, and actions in sustaining environmental well-being. This study attempts to connect the three conventions ratified into national regulations in Indonesia. The connection is framed to develop indicators and their attributes for measuring health or risk levels of watershed functions and services to the present challenges. The risk assessment is formulated based on a set of risk components and indicators developed with referring to Ministry of Forestry Regulation No. 60/2014 about the classification of watershed health conditions, Ministry of Forestry Regulation No. 29/2009 about biodiversity, and Ministry of Environment and Forestry Regulation No. 7/2018 about climate change risk assessment. The formulation grouped the risk indicators into biophysical, socio-economic, and governance. The risk assessment is applied to the Way Khilau watershed of Lampung, Indonesia, to measure the risk levels and identify the contributing indicators that should be considered for designing adaptation options. Under the current conditions, the Way Khilau watershed has a score of about 123.25 or 0.77, which will be exacerbated by future climate change. The risk level can reach a score of 138 or 0.89, nearly approaching the upper threshold. This risk level urges the policymakers and stakeholders to take adaptation actions to maintain the functions and services of the Why Khilau watershed.

关于环境的国际公约,如生物多样性公约(联合国生物多样性公约)、土地退化公约(联合国防治荒漠化公约)和气候变化公约(联合国气候变化框架公约)规定了维持环境福祉的国家一级政策、方案和行动。本研究试图将这三个公约与印尼的国家法规联系起来。建立这种联系是为了制定指标及其属性,以衡量流域功能和服务对当前挑战的健康或风险水平。风险评估是根据林业部关于流域健康状况分类的第60/2014号条例、林业部关于生物多样性的第29/2009号条例以及环境和林业部关于气候变化风险评估的第7/2018号条例制定的一套风险成分和指标制定的。该方案将风险指标分为生物物理、社会经济和治理。风险评估应用于印度尼西亚楠榜的Way Khilau流域,以衡量风险水平并确定在设计适应方案时应考虑的影响指标。在当前条件下,Way Khilau流域的分值约为123.25或0.77,未来气候变化将加剧该分值。风险水平可以达到138分或0.89分,接近上阈值。这一风险水平促使决策者和利益攸关方采取适应行动,以维持Why Khilau流域的功能和服务。
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引用次数: 0
Abundance, geo-microbial role and community diversity of sulfate-reducing bacteria in tropical estuarine sediments 热带河口沉积物中硫酸盐还原菌的丰度、地微生物作用和群落多样性
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.wsee.2023.06.002
Salom G.T. Vincent , Dennison Bindulekha Arya , Syama Sunil , Panchami Shaji , Aswathy Devi , Sreelekshmi Sreevalsan , Anand Krishnan Pulickal

Sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB), a diverse taxonomic group of anaerobic microorganisms that oxidize sulfur compounds as terminal electron acceptors, drive the key biogeochemical process of sulfate reduction. However, little is known about the diversity of SRB in tropical coastal habitats. Thus, the goal of this study is to explore and compare the community diversity of the Ashtamudi and Vembanad estuaries and evaluate the sedimentary sulfate reduction rate. The microbiome profiling of SRB was carried out using Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) techniques (Illumina sequencing) based on gene amplification of the dissimilatory sulfate reductase (dsr) enzyme to confirm the diversity and dominant taxa of SRB. The diversity of SRB represented by the Shannon alpha diversity index of the Ashtamudi estuary (6.55) was two-fold that of the Vembanad estuary. In the Vembanad estuary, the marine zone (4.09) harboured more diversity than the freshwater zone (1.825). Higher diversity and lower abundant taxa in the Ashtamudi estuary pointed out the presence of a rare biosphere that has not yet been studied. It was interesting to note that both estuaries have the same SRB phylum diversity. At the level of species, however, there was a noticeable difference. This differential diversity of SRB has an apparent influence on methane production during the breakdown of organic matter in addition to sulfate reduction. Several species of SRB have an important role in the biodegradation of persistent pollutants and the removal of heavy metals.

硫酸盐还原菌(SRB)是一类多样的厌氧微生物,可氧化含硫化合物作为末端电子受体,驱动硫酸盐还原的关键生物地球化学过程。然而,人们对热带沿海栖息地SRB的多样性知之甚少。因此,本研究的目的是探索和比较Ashtamudi和Vembanad河口的群落多样性,并评估沉积硫酸盐还原率。SRB的微生物组分析是使用基于异化硫酸盐还原酶(dsr)基因扩增的下一代测序(NGS)技术(Illumina测序)进行的,以确认SRB的多样性和优势类群。Ashtamudi河口的Shannon alpha多样性指数(6.55)代表的SRB多样性是Vembanad河口的两倍。在维姆巴纳德河口,海洋区(4.09)比淡水区(1.825)拥有更多的多样性。阿什塔穆迪河口较高的多样性和较低丰度的分类群表明存在一个尚未研究的罕见生物圈。值得注意的是,这两个河口都有相同的SRB门多样性。然而,在物种层面上,存在着明显的差异。SRB的这种差异多样性除了硫酸盐还原外,对有机物分解过程中的甲烷生产也有明显影响。几种SRB在持久性污染物的生物降解和重金属的去除方面发挥着重要作用。
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引用次数: 1
Synthesis, characterization, and photocatalytic degradation of anionic dyes using a novel ZnO/activated carbon composite 新型ZnO/活性炭复合材料阴离子染料的合成、表征及光催化降解研究
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.wsee.2022.12.001
A. Machrouhi , H. Khiar , A. Elhalil , M. Sadiq , M. Abdennouri , N. Barka

Zinc oxide/activated carbon from Thapsia transtagana stems (ZnO/ACTTS) composite demonstrated good photocatalytic properties for removing methyl orange (MO) dye from aqueous solution. This study utilized the chemical activation method using phosphoric acid to prepare activated carbon, which was then used to synthesize the ZnO/ACTTS composites by the hydrothermal technique at different percentages of the amount of ZnO (15, 30, 50 and 75 %). XRD, FTIR, and SEM-EDX were used to characterize the produced composite materials. The photocatalytic degradation of the catalysts was investigated for the degradation of MO dye from aqueous solution. The effects of zinc oxide content, pH of solution, and catalyst dosage were studied. Experimental results indicate that the ZnO/ACTTS (75 %) composite with exhibited good activity under acid pH conditions with an optimal catalyst dosage of 0.5 g/L. Photodegradation kinetics followed a pseudo-second order kinetics. ZnO/ACTTS composite will be a catalyst to degrade a wide range of dyes from the textile industry in the aquatic medium.

氧化锌/活性炭(ZnO/ACTTS)复合材料对从水溶液中去除甲基橙(MO)染料具有良好的光催化性能。本研究采用磷酸化学活化法制备活性炭,然后通过水热技术在不同ZnO含量(15%、30%、50%和75%)下合成ZnO/ACTTS复合材料。利用XRD、FTIR和SEM-EDX对制备的复合材料进行了表征。研究了光催化降解水溶液中MO染料的催化剂。研究了氧化锌含量、溶液pH值和催化剂用量对催化剂性能的影响。实验结果表明,ZnO/ACTTS(75%)复合材料在最佳催化剂用量为0.5g/L的酸性pH条件下表现出良好的活性。光降解动力学遵循准二级动力学。ZnO/ACTTS复合材料将成为一种催化剂,在水介质中降解纺织工业中的各种染料。
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引用次数: 0
A review on microplastics pollution in coastal wetlands 滨海湿地微塑料污染研究进展
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.wsee.2022.11.010
Niu Li , Ming Wu , Youzheng Zhang , Wenwen Yuan , Jinlong Wu , Xuexin Shao

Microplastics (MPs) have been identified as emerging contaminants and have received global attention because they pose a severe threat to wildlife and the human food chain. In recent years, many studies related to the sources, distribution, and effects of MPs in marine, terrestrial, and wastewater environmental compartments have been reported, whereas a comprehensive overview of the presence and characteristics of MPs in unique coastal wetland ecosystems is still lacking. Therefore, this review summarizes the accumulation and sources of MPs in coastal wetlands, as well as their effects on these ecosystems, based on environmental monitoring and laboratory results published in the literature. First, the accumulation of MPs in coastal wetlands is briefly reviewed. Second, the sources of MPs in coastal wetlands are discussed. Third, the ecological effects of MPs on coastal wetlands are summarized. Finally, this review presents gaps in the MPs research and provides an outlook for future research in this field.

微塑料已被确定为新出现的污染物,并受到全球关注,因为它们对野生动物和人类食物链构成严重威胁。近年来,已经报道了许多关于MPs在海洋、陆地和废水环境分区中的来源、分布和影响的研究,而对MPs在独特的沿海湿地生态系统中的存在和特征的全面概述仍然缺乏。因此,本综述基于环境监测和文献中发表的实验室结果,总结了沿海湿地中MPs的积累和来源,以及它们对这些生态系统的影响。首先,简要回顾了沿海湿地中MPs的积累情况。其次,讨论了滨海湿地MPs的来源。第三,总结了MPs对滨海湿地的生态效应。最后,本综述介绍了MPs研究中的差距,并对该领域的未来研究进行了展望。
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引用次数: 0
Rapid urbanization and global warming significantly impact tidal dynamics in the Pearl River Estuary, China 快速城市化和全球变暖对珠江口潮汐动态有显著影响
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.wsee.2023.03.001
Shuting Lin , Shuhui Zhang , Qichun Yang , Yanzi Cai , Xia Li , Ze Ren

Due to the dual impacts of anthropogenic disturbances and climate change, tidal hydrodynamics of estuaries have been intensively investigated for their potential to increase flood risk and devastate coastal habitats and human communities. Climate change leads to rises in sea levels, which can amplify regional tides and increase tidal ranges. This study takes the estuarine area of the Pearl River (PRE), one of the fastest-developed estuaries in China, as an example to explore the effects of land cover changes and sea level rise on tidal dynamics. Annual mean tidal levels were collected at 26 major hydrological stations from five major rivers/waterways. To better understand the temporal changes in tidal levels, we analyzed the trends and periodic patterns through linear regression and Complex Morlet wavelet analyses. For the main Pearl River outlet, where conversion of agricultural land to urban use had been primarily taking place, the tidal level changes were significantly affected by increased built-up areas and decreased cultivated land areas. On the other hand, in the middle to upper reaches of the Xi River and Shunde-Hengmen Waterway, we observed decreased tidal levels with decreases in the agricultural lands. No significant correlations were found between annual mean tidal levels and land cover changes downstream of the main rivers. Instead, the tidal level changes at locations close to the coastline were more related to sea level rise, with an average of 0.002 m per year increase. This study highlighted the importance of human activity and sea level rise impacts on tidal dynamics. A systematic understanding of the tidal changes in the estuary is expected to help enhance mechanisms of estuarine hydrology, which could serve as the basis for improving the management and practice of coastal regions in coping with climate change and estuary protection.

由于人为干扰和气候变化的双重影响,河口的潮汐流体力学已被深入研究,因为它们可能增加洪水风险,破坏沿海栖息地和人类社区。气候变化导致海平面上升,这会放大区域潮汐并增加潮差。本研究以中国发展最快的河口之一珠江河口区为例,探讨陆地覆盖变化和海平面上升对潮汐动力学的影响。在五条主要河流/水道的26个主要水文站收集了年平均潮位。为了更好地了解潮汐水位的时间变化,我们通过线性回归和复Morlet小波分析来分析趋势和周期模式。在珠江主要出海口,农业用地主要转为城市用地,建成区面积的增加和耕地面积的减少显著影响了潮汐水位的变化。另一方面,在Xi河中上游和顺德横门水道,我们观察到随着农业用地的减少,海平面下降。年平均潮位与主要河流下游的土地覆盖变化之间没有发现显著的相关性。相反,靠近海岸线的潮汐水位变化与海平面上升的关系更大,平均每年上升0.002米。这项研究强调了人类活动和海平面上升对潮汐动力学影响的重要性。对河口潮汐变化的系统了解有望有助于加强河口水文机制,为改善沿海地区应对气候变化和河口保护的管理和实践奠定基础。
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引用次数: 0
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Watershed Ecology and the Environment
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