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Ground Displacement Analysis of Double-tube Parallel Shield Tunnels 双管平行盾构隧道地面位移分析
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.18178/ijscer.8.3.240-245
W. Rong, Hong Yuan
Ground surface settlement is one of the vital factors to assess the structural safety during tunnel construction. According to the well-known Mindlin displacement solution, we fully analyze the mechanical behavior of ground surface settlement caused by the tunnel construction. Modified formula of ground deformation induced by ground loss is proposed in this paper, which is employed to predict the ground surface settlement induced by the double-line tunnel construction with superposition principle. The successive construction process of doubletube parallel shield tunnels in the same direction is simulated with finite element software FLAC3D, and the simulated results is compared with values calculated by the modified theoretical formula. Finally, we find that our numerical results are in an excellent agreement with the theoretical results. 
隧道施工过程中,地表沉降是评价结构安全性的重要因素之一。根据著名的明林位移解,充分分析了隧道施工引起的地表沉降的力学行为。本文提出了修正的地表变形计算公式,并应用叠加原理对双线隧道施工引起的地表沉降进行了预测。利用有限元软件FLAC3D对同一方向双管平行盾构隧道的连续施工过程进行了模拟,并将模拟结果与修正理论公式计算值进行了比较。最后,我们发现我们的数值结果与理论结果非常吻合。
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引用次数: 0
Green Building Construction Guidelines Using Game Theory 基于博弈论的绿色建筑施工指南
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.18178/ijscer.8.2.138-145
Vimonlnapath Hoouangnak, A. Therdyothin
The study of decision possibility of building owner and constructor using game theory showed that in case of one-time playing game, both of players would choose to construct normal building because of its prominent strategy as it provided more result than green building construction, so there was no co-operation between both
利用博弈论对建筑业主和建设者决策可能性的研究表明,在一次性博弈的情况下,由于普通建筑的策略突出,比绿色建筑提供更多的结果,因此双方都将选择建造普通建筑,因此两者之间不存在合作
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引用次数: 0
Tenants’ Motivations to Lease Green Office Buildings: an Exploratory Study of Sydney Central Business District 租客租用绿色办公楼的动机:悉尼中央商务区的探索性研究
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.18178/ijscer.8.1.59-62
Sumin Kim, B. Lim, Jinu Kim
Environmentally friendly and energy efficient green buildings have gained their popularity across many countries including Australia. Despite their increasing popularity and rental premium, it is not known why tenants are more inclined to lease green over non-green office buildings in Australia. In addressing this gap, this study aims to explore tenants’ motivations to leasing green office buildings. To this, this study first analysed over 2,000 tenants occupying over 100 green buildings in Sydney CBD. This allowed this study to identify which tenants are more likely lease green buildings than the others. The results show that tenants from; (i) the Finance and Insurance services sector, (ii) the Professional, Scientific and Technical services sector, and (iii) Real estate services sector account for over 50% of the entire tenant sample. Then, a judgemental purposive sampling method was adopted, and nine interviews were conducted with the key leasing decision-makers from the top three sectors. The interview findings reveal that the traditional aspects of location and costs are still the key motivational factors for green building tenants. However, many interviewees acknowledge that leasing a green office space could help improving their corporate image. This thus led to many tenants’ beliefs that green spaces contain both symbolic value and tangible value, and that higher rents for green buildings are rather acceptable considering what they can offer. The results of the study suggest that understanding the demand of various types of tenants is essential to shed the light on the expensive rental price of green buildings in Australia. 
环保节能的绿色建筑在包括澳大利亚在内的许多国家都很受欢迎。尽管绿色办公楼越来越受欢迎,租金也越来越高,但目前尚不清楚为什么澳大利亚的租户更倾向于租用绿色而不是非绿色办公楼。为了解决这一差距,本研究旨在探讨租户租赁绿色办公大楼的动机。为此,本研究首先分析了悉尼CBD 100多座绿色建筑的2000多名租户。这使得这项研究能够确定哪些租户比其他租户更有可能租用绿色建筑。结果表明:租户来自;(i)金融及保险服务行业、(ii)专业、科学及技术服务行业,以及(iii)房地产服务行业占整个租户样本的50%以上。然后,采用判断目的抽样法,对前三大行业的关键租赁决策者进行了9次访谈。访谈结果显示,传统的地理位置和成本方面仍然是绿色建筑租户的主要激励因素。然而,许多受访者承认,租赁绿色办公空间有助于改善企业形象。因此,许多租户认为绿色空间既包含象征价值,也包含有形价值,考虑到绿色建筑可以提供的东西,更高的租金是可以接受的。研究结果表明,了解不同类型租户的需求对于揭示澳大利亚绿色建筑昂贵的租金价格至关重要。
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引用次数: 3
Strengthening of Damaged RC Column Using Lateral Compression 破坏钢筋混凝土柱的侧压加固
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.18178/ijscer.12.1.1-5
Atul Gupta, Er. Abhishek Murthy, C. K. Murthy
— The objective of this paper is to present a new method for strengthening of RC column in a multi storey high rise building specifically for the splitting cracks at top of the column arisen due to cranks in the main rebar. The lateral compression force equal to split tensile strength of concrete 3.2 Mpa in the concrete grade of C32/40 was applied. External steel angles with steel rods were used to impart a lateral compression force on the RC columns using hydraulic jacks. This gain in the flexural strength is due to the confinement effect imparted on the concrete externally. The RC column was modelled in the 3D and FEM analysis was done to check the imparted stresses onto the steel angles and concrete. This method can effectively be used for the RC columns in the industry as it requires clamping of RC columns externally which can be achieved on site with ease.
-本文的目的是提出一种加固多层高层建筑中钢筋混凝土柱的新方法,特别是针对主钢筋曲柄引起的柱顶劈裂裂缝。采用混凝土等级为C32/40,侧压力等于混凝土劈裂抗拉强度3.2 Mpa。使用液压千斤顶对钢筋混凝土柱施加侧向压缩力时,使用了带有钢棒的外部钢角。这种抗弯强度的增加是由于外部施加在混凝土上的约束效应。对钢筋混凝土柱进行了三维建模,并进行了有限元分析,校核了钢角和混凝土的传递应力。这种方法可以有效地用于工业中的钢筋混凝土柱,因为它需要在外部夹紧钢筋混凝土柱,这可以在现场轻松实现。
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引用次数: 0
Improving the Torsional Capacity of Reinforced Concrete Beams with Spiral Reinforcement 螺旋配筋提高钢筋混凝土梁抗扭能力的研究
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.18178/ijscer.8.2.113-118
H. Katkhuda, Nasim Shatarat, Ahmad A. AL-Rakhameen
An experimental program is carried out in this paper to test nine reinforced concrete (RC) beams in order to study the torsional behavior of the beams using transverse reinforcement under different configurations: ordinary, continuous rectangular spiral, continuous circular spiral, and continuous advanced rectangular spiral configuration. The experimental torsional capacity results are compared with the theoretical values determined by the ACI 318-14 code. The results showed that the use of continuous spiral and rectangular reinforcement as transverse reinforcement enhanced the torsional capacity up to 17 % higher than using traditional reinforcements, and the ACI318-14 torsion equations are applicable and conservative for predicting the ultimate torsional capacity for beams with continuous rectangular and spiral
为研究钢筋混凝土梁在普通、连续矩形螺旋、连续圆形螺旋和连续高级矩形螺旋结构下的扭转性能,对9根钢筋混凝土梁进行了横向配筋试验。试验结果与aci318 -14规范的理论值进行了比较。结果表明,采用连续螺旋和矩形配筋作为横向配筋,梁的抗扭承载力比传统配筋提高了17%,ac318 -14扭转方程对于预测连续矩形和螺旋配筋梁的极限抗扭承载力具有较好的适用性和保守性
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引用次数: 3
Evaluate of Flexural Behavior of the Prestressed Concrete Girder Using Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics via Finite Element Method 碳纤维增强塑料预应力混凝土梁的受弯性能有限元评价
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.18178/ijscer.8.3.204-209
H. Nguyen, H. Masuya, S. Fukada
A flexural experiment was conducted on the tested prestressed concrete girder using carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP) tendons, which has the full scale of an actual one and was placed next to the main girders of Shinmiya Bridge in the corrosive environment nearly 30 years. In this study, the flexural behavior of this tested girder was investigated by the finite element method. A three-dimensional analysis model was built in LS-DYNA and analyzed by an explicit finite element program. The load-bearing capacity, load-deflection curve, and the crack pattern were evaluated in comparing with experimental results. The comparison result showed that there was a consistency between results obtained from the simulation and that obtained from the experiment of the tested girder in 2017. Based on this model, the decrease of pre-stressing force in the tendons, the reduction of the compression concrete strength were studied to evaluate the change in the behavior of the structure.
采用碳纤维增强塑料(CFRP)预应力混凝土试验梁,在腐蚀环境下放置近30年的新宫大桥主梁旁,采用与实际尺寸相当的碳纤维增强塑料(CFRP)预应力混凝土试验梁进行了抗弯试验。本文采用有限元法对该试验梁的受弯性能进行了研究。在LS-DYNA中建立三维分析模型,并采用显式有限元程序进行分析。通过与试验结果的对比,对其承载能力、荷载-挠度曲线及裂缝形态进行了评价。对比结果表明,仿真结果与2017年试验梁的试验结果基本一致。在此模型的基础上,研究了预应力筋的减小和混凝土抗压强度的减小,以评价结构性能的变化。
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引用次数: 1
River Bank Protective Work of Bangladesh: A Case Study on the River Padma 孟加拉国河岸保护工作:以帕德玛河为例
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.18178/ijscer.8.2.171-177
M. R. Kamal, R. Rumman, K. W. Shushmi, K. A. Hasan
—A well and exact documentation of the methodology and novel implementations of a river training work can pave the way for future economic, established and cost effective paradigm to work with. The paper describes contemporary practice for river training works, as well as site specifics, obstacles, costs involved and management exercises, along the Padma River, the main distributary of the river Ganges. A map of the riverbank erosion along the study area is provided in order to extract proper and useful information about the morphological nature of the river. Then the technical aspects for bathymetric survey along with the application procedure used for dumping and placing of geo-bag and CC block along the riverbank for its protection is described. After that, some of the concerns and challenges that were encountered by the team, which was working there, are discussed. It was found that the project would have benefited if the technical and instrumental risks in addition to the uncertainty of workers were taken into account beforehand. A cost analysis table is also provided to give information about the estimated expenditure for future projects.
-对河流治理工作的方法和新实施方法进行完整而准确的记录,可以为未来经济、成熟和具有成本效益的范例铺平道路。本文描述了恒河的主要支流帕德玛河(Padma river)沿线的河流治理工程的当代实践,以及具体的选址、障碍、涉及的成本和管理练习。为了提取有关河流形态性质的适当和有用的信息,提供了沿研究区域的河岸侵蚀图。然后介绍了水深测量的技术要点,以及为保护河堤而在岸线上倾倒放置土工袋和CC块的应用程序。在那之后,讨论了在那里工作的团队遇到的一些问题和挑战。人们发现,如果事先考虑到技术和工具风险以及工人的不确定性,该项目将受益。还提供了一个成本分析表,以提供有关未来项目的估计支出的资料。
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引用次数: 2
Influence of Physical Environment of Learning Space on Comfort and Emotional Perception in Severe Cold City in Winter 严寒城市冬季学习空间物理环境对舒适性和情绪感知的影响
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.18178/ijscer.12.1.13-19
Wenjuan Li, Hong Jin
—The cold winter in severe cold area is long, and the heating period is about 6 months. People spend more than half a year in a closed room, so the study of learning space comfort is particularly important. Learning space is the main place for students' daily learning and life. Its physical environment affects users ' comfort and emotional perception. In order to explore the in-fluence of physical environment on human comfort and emotion in winter of learning space in severe cold cities, and the relationship between different indoor environment comfort and human emotion, therefore, this study investigated the change range of temperature, illumination and sound pressure level of learning space, and selected 27 different environmental conditions for controlled indoor environment experiments. The results show that, temperature has significant influence on thermal comfort, acoustic comfort and visual comfort, and people will feel more comfortable in neutral temperature environment. Sound pressure level has significant influence on acoustic comfort and visual comfort, which are better in quiet environment. Illumination only has a significant impact on visual comfort, and visual comfort is poor in too bright environments. The overall environmental com-fort is affected by thermal environment, acoustic environment and luminous environment, and the overall environment is the most comfortable at 22 °C, 35 dBA and 100 lux. Emotional perception is affected by three physical environmental factors, and has a significant relationship with environmental comfort. In a comfortable experimental environment, the perception of positive emotion is more obvious, and in an uncomfortable environment, the perception of negative emotion is more obvious.
-严寒地区冬季较长,采暖期约为6个月。人在封闭的房间里度过半年以上的时间,因此学习空间的舒适性研究就显得尤为重要。学习空间是学生日常学习和生活的主要场所。它的物理环境影响着用户的舒适度和情感感知。为了探究严寒城市学习空间冬季物理环境对人的舒适度和情绪的影响,以及不同室内环境舒适度与人的情绪之间的关系,本研究考察了学习空间温度、照度和声压级的变化范围,选取27种不同环境条件进行室内环境控制实验。结果表明,温度对热舒适、声舒适和视觉舒适均有显著影响,在中性温度环境中人们会感到更舒适。声压级对声舒适和视觉舒适有显著影响,在安静环境下效果更好。照度仅对视觉舒适度有显著影响,过于明亮的环境视觉舒适度较差。整体环境舒适度受热环境、声环境、光环境的影响,在22℃、35 dBA、100 lux时整体环境最舒适。情绪知觉受三种物理环境因素的影响,并与环境舒适度有显著关系。在舒适的实验环境中,积极情绪的感知更为明显,而在不舒适的实验环境中,消极情绪的感知更为明显。
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引用次数: 0
Effects of the Uncertainty of Hurricane Tracks on Coastal Hazards and Evacuations 飓风路径的不确定性对海岸灾害和疏散的影响
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.18178/ijscer.11.4.99-107
Jieya Yang, Linoj Vijayan, M. Ghorbanzadeh, Onur Alisan, Wenrui Huang, E. Ozguven, Simone Burns
— Hurricanes cause devastating amounts of damage to structures and infrastructure. It harms especially those coastal residents along its track. Over the last couple of years, evacuation planning for populated coastal regions has been challenging and time-consuming due to the uncertainty of the hurricane’s track. As such, with a focus on Northwest Florida, this research aims to focus on the development of evacuation scenarios for coastal communities that combines hurricane inundation and strong wind forecast and evacuation modeling. The proposed approach integrates storm surge simulation models (ADCIRC and SWAN modeling) and traffic evacuation models (Cube and TIME) by using hurricane forecasting datasets to explore the designation of evacuation zones and the calculation of evacuation clearance times in different counties. This approach was applied to three distinct scenarios with a focus on possible populated coastal cities that Hurricane Michael would have hit in 2018. Selected cities are Pensacola, Destin, and Panama City. This type of approach has the potential to help agencies make more informed decisions on evacuations using the accuracy and timeliness of forecasts and provide safer evacuations in coastal areas by avoiding the traffic jams on evacuation routes.
-飓风对建筑物和基础设施造成毁灭性的破坏。它对沿海居民的危害尤其严重。在过去的几年里,由于飓风路径的不确定性,人口稠密的沿海地区的疏散计划一直具有挑战性和耗时。因此,本研究以佛罗里达西北部为重点,旨在将飓风淹没、强风预报和疏散建模相结合,为沿海社区开发疏散场景。该方法结合风暴潮模拟模型(ADCIRC和SWAN建模)和交通疏散模型(Cube和TIME),利用飓风预报数据集探索疏散区域的划分和不同县疏散时间的计算。这种方法被应用于三种不同的情景,重点是2018年飓风迈克尔可能袭击的人口稠密的沿海城市。选定的城市是彭萨科拉、德斯汀和巴拿马城。这种方法有可能帮助各机构利用预报的准确性和及时性做出更明智的疏散决定,并通过避免疏散路线上的交通堵塞,为沿海地区提供更安全的疏散。
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引用次数: 2
Power Generation from Bridge Vibration under Ordinary Vehicle Load 车辆荷载作用下桥梁振动发电
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.18178/ijscer.10.4.165-171
Hoang Le, T. Ha, S. Fukada, T. Ueno
This study conducted the structural eigenvalue analysis on a highway bridge model to investigate its vibration characteristics and to find out an appropriate location to set a new power-generating device using a magnetostrictive element (Fe-Ga alloy). The energy generator is consisting of a Fe-Ga element of 4 x 0.5 x 1.6 mm attached to a U-shaped frame with a permanent magnet for magnetic bias wound about by a coil and the weight attached to the tip of the U-shaped frame was adjusted to allow the frame vibrates with the frequency of the vibration source. First, a part of the elevated line of a highway bridge located in Kanazawa city was reproduced by using a commercial finite element software named DIANA. As the results, at the lateral brace between G1 – G2 main girders and P2 – P3 pier, which its frequency was estimated to be ~ 19Hz, is the optimal place for the device. Moreover, an open-circuit voltage of ~ 8V was recorded. 
本研究对某公路桥模型进行结构特征值分析,研究其振动特性,并寻找采用磁致伸缩元件(Fe-Ga合金)的新型发电装置的合适位置。能量发生器由一个4 x 0.5 x 1.6 mm的Fe-Ga元件组成,该元件连接在u形框架上,u形框架上有一个永磁体,该永磁体由线圈缠绕,并调节连接在u形框架顶端的重量,以使框架随振动源的频率振动。首先,利用一款名为DIANA的商业有限元软件对金泽市一座公路桥的部分高架线路进行了复制。结果表明,在G1 - G2主梁与P2 - P3桥墩之间的侧支撑处,其频率估计为~ 19Hz,是该装置的最佳位置。此外,还记录了~ 8V的开路电压。
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引用次数: 1
期刊
International journal of structural and civil engineering research
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