Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.18178/ijscer.12.2.37-42
Ahri Lee, S. Song, Seung-Woo Han, Y. Han
—Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) is a kind of clean energy. Also, many LNG Tank and LNG-powered vessels have been designed and built around the world. However, LNG introduces the potential risk of leakage and explosion accidents. Thus, it is necessary to conduct safety assessment on the layout of typical facilities during the initial design stage. In this paper, we tested with proposed FOC (Fiber Optic Cable) for cryogenic circumstance, and DTS (Distributed temperature Sensing) system. The proposed FOC which is composed by Stainless Steel Tube, Steel, and PE Soft Jacket with polyimide material is found to be efficient for LNG harsh temperature. The proposed LNG tank monitoring system with the proposed FOC can detect the occurrence of the location, temperature, and alarm of LNG tank leakage. It provides linear continuous temperature monitoring in real time along its long distance tank as well as pipeline during loading, offloading and cool down cycles. The purpose of this study is to lead to monitoring of LNG leakage by inducing a gradual temperature change without deformation in the LNG storage tank. In addition, it is checked whether the cryogenic temperature can be detected, and the cables capable of cryogenic monitoring are tested together with the suggested cable damage degree. This study is divided into three major studies. It is a function of detecting the temperature in the tank at cryogenic temperature, maintaining the temperature change gradually to prevent the LNG tank from being deformed when LNG is inserted in the tank, and detecting the rigidity of the cable. The data were analyzed by testing the data with average temperature, time to reach temperature and loss of cable in terms of cable stiffness. Corresponding monitoring taken on time will reduce the disaster degree of accidents to the least extent
{"title":"The Study of LNG Leakage Monitoring in Tank","authors":"Ahri Lee, S. Song, Seung-Woo Han, Y. Han","doi":"10.18178/ijscer.12.2.37-42","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18178/ijscer.12.2.37-42","url":null,"abstract":"—Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) is a kind of clean energy. Also, many LNG Tank and LNG-powered vessels have been designed and built around the world. However, LNG introduces the potential risk of leakage and explosion accidents. Thus, it is necessary to conduct safety assessment on the layout of typical facilities during the initial design stage. In this paper, we tested with proposed FOC (Fiber Optic Cable) for cryogenic circumstance, and DTS (Distributed temperature Sensing) system. The proposed FOC which is composed by Stainless Steel Tube, Steel, and PE Soft Jacket with polyimide material is found to be efficient for LNG harsh temperature. The proposed LNG tank monitoring system with the proposed FOC can detect the occurrence of the location, temperature, and alarm of LNG tank leakage. It provides linear continuous temperature monitoring in real time along its long distance tank as well as pipeline during loading, offloading and cool down cycles. The purpose of this study is to lead to monitoring of LNG leakage by inducing a gradual temperature change without deformation in the LNG storage tank. In addition, it is checked whether the cryogenic temperature can be detected, and the cables capable of cryogenic monitoring are tested together with the suggested cable damage degree. This study is divided into three major studies. It is a function of detecting the temperature in the tank at cryogenic temperature, maintaining the temperature change gradually to prevent the LNG tank from being deformed when LNG is inserted in the tank, and detecting the rigidity of the cable. The data were analyzed by testing the data with average temperature, time to reach temperature and loss of cable in terms of cable stiffness. Corresponding monitoring taken on time will reduce the disaster degree of accidents to the least extent","PeriodicalId":101411,"journal":{"name":"International journal of structural and civil engineering research","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121493716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.18178/ijscer.8.3.284-289
S. Senevirathne, P. Silva
— It is accepted in urban and regional planning that a proper distribution of land use zoning will be able to optimize the Vehicle Miles Travelled (VMT) to reduce the transportation-related energy consumption and congestion. One of the strategic approaches of integrating transport and urban planning is introducing an optimized ratio for administrative level job-house combinations. The objective of this research is to develop a computer-aided mechanism to assist the determination of development zoning regulations based on the job-house combination in a regional context. The R programming platform is used to develop the automated tool. The data required for the analysis are road network details, trip generation and trip attraction details at each Traffic Analysis Zone (TAZ). The gravity model is used to carry out the trip distribution and it is assigned to the road network using the graph theory. The centrality values are used to estimate the potential trip attraction levels. The main assumption undertaken in the study is that the trip generation occurred by a group of population in a particular TAZ is considered as work based trips. The result of the method for Colombo district, Sri Lanka indicated that the job-house ratio varies from 0.1 to 9.2 resulting in an average trip length of 23 km from houses to work locations. Finally, the method suggested a minimum and maximum value of 0.5 and 4, which reduced the VMT from 46% and average fuel consumption by 22% .
{"title":"Determining the Regional Job-House Balance Ratio Based on Congestion Factor and Centrality","authors":"S. Senevirathne, P. Silva","doi":"10.18178/ijscer.8.3.284-289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18178/ijscer.8.3.284-289","url":null,"abstract":"— It is accepted in urban and regional planning that a proper distribution of land use zoning will be able to optimize the Vehicle Miles Travelled (VMT) to reduce the transportation-related energy consumption and congestion. One of the strategic approaches of integrating transport and urban planning is introducing an optimized ratio for administrative level job-house combinations. The objective of this research is to develop a computer-aided mechanism to assist the determination of development zoning regulations based on the job-house combination in a regional context. The R programming platform is used to develop the automated tool. The data required for the analysis are road network details, trip generation and trip attraction details at each Traffic Analysis Zone (TAZ). The gravity model is used to carry out the trip distribution and it is assigned to the road network using the graph theory. The centrality values are used to estimate the potential trip attraction levels. The main assumption undertaken in the study is that the trip generation occurred by a group of population in a particular TAZ is considered as work based trips. The result of the method for Colombo district, Sri Lanka indicated that the job-house ratio varies from 0.1 to 9.2 resulting in an average trip length of 23 km from houses to work locations. Finally, the method suggested a minimum and maximum value of 0.5 and 4, which reduced the VMT from 46% and average fuel consumption by 22% .","PeriodicalId":101411,"journal":{"name":"International journal of structural and civil engineering research","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131628395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.18178/ijscer.11.3.69-74
Yueliang Xia, Jianfei Dong
—Balhae was a tributary state of the Tang Dynasty. It was founded in 698 AD and died in 926 AD in northeast China. It is a vast country with a complete network of post stations. At present, there is no original structure of the Balhae post building in the world. According to archaeological investigation, some small post building sites were found on the Balhae Post road, which were named "24 stones" by the academic circle because of their peculiar construction methods. Based on the technology of digital modeling and field investigation, this paper restores the image of the small-scale post station and promotes the cultural value of the post station building in Balhae.
{"title":"Research on the Restoration of the Small-sized Post Station Building in the Period of Balhae in the Northeast of China","authors":"Yueliang Xia, Jianfei Dong","doi":"10.18178/ijscer.11.3.69-74","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18178/ijscer.11.3.69-74","url":null,"abstract":"—Balhae was a tributary state of the Tang Dynasty. It was founded in 698 AD and died in 926 AD in northeast China. It is a vast country with a complete network of post stations. At present, there is no original structure of the Balhae post building in the world. According to archaeological investigation, some small post building sites were found on the Balhae Post road, which were named \"24 stones\" by the academic circle because of their peculiar construction methods. Based on the technology of digital modeling and field investigation, this paper restores the image of the small-scale post station and promotes the cultural value of the post station building in Balhae.","PeriodicalId":101411,"journal":{"name":"International journal of structural and civil engineering research","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133181110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.18178/ijscer.10.4.144-149
S. V. Grigorev, I. Y. Petukhova, N. I. Marchuk, V. I. Palagushkin, A. V. Maksimov
Spatial Roof Slabs (SRS) are developed, numerically calculated and designed of the full-scale SRS by the authors. Main dimensions: length-6 m., width-1.32 m., height-0.6 m, with insulation and waterproofing layer placed on the top chord SRS for the climatic construction area Dudinka town. For the experimental research, the reduced model of the SRS was calculated, designed and manufactured, in accordance with the similarity coefficient of 3.33, with dimensions: length 1.8 m, width 0.4 m, height 0.18 m. Experimental research were carried out, as a result the performance capability of this construction was proved and precision of efforts of research and numerical experiment are acceptable was revealed.
{"title":"Spatial Roof Slab with Belts of Strip Batten Elements","authors":"S. V. Grigorev, I. Y. Petukhova, N. I. Marchuk, V. I. Palagushkin, A. V. Maksimov","doi":"10.18178/ijscer.10.4.144-149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18178/ijscer.10.4.144-149","url":null,"abstract":"Spatial Roof Slabs (SRS) are developed, numerically calculated and designed of the full-scale SRS by the authors. Main dimensions: length-6 m., width-1.32 m., height-0.6 m, with insulation and waterproofing layer placed on the top chord SRS for the climatic construction area Dudinka town. For the experimental research, the reduced model of the SRS was calculated, designed and manufactured, in accordance with the similarity coefficient of 3.33, with dimensions: length 1.8 m, width 0.4 m, height 0.18 m. Experimental research were carried out, as a result the performance capability of this construction was proved and precision of efforts of research and numerical experiment are acceptable was revealed.","PeriodicalId":101411,"journal":{"name":"International journal of structural and civil engineering research","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134464515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.18178/ijscer.11.1.14-21
Min Hou, Renzheng Zhang, Guochen Zhao
Since there have been cases of severe damage or even collapse of tunnel structures in recent major earthquakes, the seismic safety of tunnel structures has attracted widespread attention from scholars. In the performance-based seismic design, it is essential to establish a universal and practical demand model. In this paper, to facilitate the use in practice, the probabilistic demand models are developed by adding linear correction term and random term to the commonly used deterministic models. Two types of demand measures, the bending moment and the axial force of the lining to transverse seismic load are considered. The uniform design method is used to generate the samples to calibrate the model parameters, and the uncertainties of ground motions, site properties, and tunnel dimensions are considered. The parameters of the demand models are estimated by the least square method. The probabilistic demand models established in this paper can accurately and reliably evaluate the seismic demand of the tunnel and obtain the probabilistic distribution of the demand, which is of great significance for the seismic vulnerability analysis of tunnel structures.
{"title":"Study on Probabilistic Demand Models of Tunnel Linings Subjected to Transverse Seismic Load","authors":"Min Hou, Renzheng Zhang, Guochen Zhao","doi":"10.18178/ijscer.11.1.14-21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18178/ijscer.11.1.14-21","url":null,"abstract":"Since there have been cases of severe damage or even collapse of tunnel structures in recent major earthquakes, the seismic safety of tunnel structures has attracted widespread attention from scholars. In the performance-based seismic design, it is essential to establish a universal and practical demand model. In this paper, to facilitate the use in practice, the probabilistic demand models are developed by adding linear correction term and random term to the commonly used deterministic models. Two types of demand measures, the bending moment and the axial force of the lining to transverse seismic load are considered. The uniform design method is used to generate the samples to calibrate the model parameters, and the uncertainties of ground motions, site properties, and tunnel dimensions are considered. The parameters of the demand models are estimated by the least square method. The probabilistic demand models established in this paper can accurately and reliably evaluate the seismic demand of the tunnel and obtain the probabilistic distribution of the demand, which is of great significance for the seismic vulnerability analysis of tunnel structures. ","PeriodicalId":101411,"journal":{"name":"International journal of structural and civil engineering research","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128240081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.18178/ijscer.8.1.46-53
D. Chu, R. Li
Rural design guidelines is one of the statutory instruments identifying and interpreting directions for rural development on the basis of the actual needs of rural development, securing and normalizing procedures of rural design, construction, and management, guiding and controlling environment and landscape features of the rural space. Guidance and control mechanisms have been respectively established in China and the U.S for rural development, for which rural design guidelines are critical evaluation references, guidance standards, and instruction documentations. This paper outputs a definition for rural design guidelines, and thoroughly analyzes 37 pieces of rural design guidelines from 15 states of the U.S and 44 pieces of guidelines from 15 Chinese provinces collected and sorted out by the authors. It intends to disclose the features and differences of Chinese and American rural design guidelines via the induction of guidance and control factors and the classified comparison of the guidelines, and to compare the guideline-making procedures and application mechanisms between the Chinese and American rural design guidelines under the different circumstances of rural development, in order to offer effective references for rural development practices and studies in different countries.
{"title":"A Comparative Study of Chinese and American Rural Design Guidelines","authors":"D. Chu, R. Li","doi":"10.18178/ijscer.8.1.46-53","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18178/ijscer.8.1.46-53","url":null,"abstract":"Rural design guidelines is one of the statutory instruments identifying and interpreting directions for rural development on the basis of the actual needs of rural development, securing and normalizing procedures of rural design, construction, and management, guiding and controlling environment and landscape features of the rural space. Guidance and control mechanisms have been respectively established in China and the U.S for rural development, for which rural design guidelines are critical evaluation references, guidance standards, and instruction documentations. This paper outputs a definition for rural design guidelines, and thoroughly analyzes 37 pieces of rural design guidelines from 15 states of the U.S and 44 pieces of guidelines from 15 Chinese provinces collected and sorted out by the authors. It intends to disclose the features and differences of Chinese and American rural design guidelines via the induction of guidance and control factors and the classified comparison of the guidelines, and to compare the guideline-making procedures and application mechanisms between the Chinese and American rural design guidelines under the different circumstances of rural development, in order to offer effective references for rural development practices and studies in different countries.","PeriodicalId":101411,"journal":{"name":"International journal of structural and civil engineering research","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132912894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.18178/ijscer.12.3.112-116
M. El-Hawary, M. Mubarak
—The utilization of different types of industrial wastes is considered an essential tool to achieve sustainable development and reduce the environmental deterioration. Ceramic Waste Powder (CWP) is a by-product of the ceramic industry, resulting from polishing of ceramic tiles. The utilization of CWP will not only reduce the dumped solid waste and the required landfills, but it can also be utilized as a supplementary cementitious material in concrete, as a cement replacement, which will increase the sustainability and help protecting the environment for the future generations. CWP was used as a partial replacement of cement in different percentages (0%, 15%, 30% and 45%) with two W/C ratios (0.4 and 0.6). Fresh and hardened concrete properties were examined and tested such as (slump, unit weight, compressive strength, split tensile strength, absorption, and electrical resistivity). Also, the characteristics of CWP were investigated (chemical composition analysis, particle size distribution and pozzolanic reactivity). XRF analysis of CWP showed a good indication of being a pozzolanic material by having more than 70% silicon oxide (SiO 2 ). It was found that the introduction of CWP shows improvement and acceptable results in concrete properties. The optimum value of 15% resulted in increasing compressive strength, increasing tensile strength, reducing absorption, increasing modulus of elasticity and toughness, and improving electrical resistivity and corrosion rate. Higher values, up to 30%, maybe also used for greener more sustainable concrete with an acceptable reduction in properties.
{"title":"Properties and Sustainability of Ceramic Waste Concrete","authors":"M. El-Hawary, M. Mubarak","doi":"10.18178/ijscer.12.3.112-116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18178/ijscer.12.3.112-116","url":null,"abstract":"—The utilization of different types of industrial wastes is considered an essential tool to achieve sustainable development and reduce the environmental deterioration. Ceramic Waste Powder (CWP) is a by-product of the ceramic industry, resulting from polishing of ceramic tiles. The utilization of CWP will not only reduce the dumped solid waste and the required landfills, but it can also be utilized as a supplementary cementitious material in concrete, as a cement replacement, which will increase the sustainability and help protecting the environment for the future generations. CWP was used as a partial replacement of cement in different percentages (0%, 15%, 30% and 45%) with two W/C ratios (0.4 and 0.6). Fresh and hardened concrete properties were examined and tested such as (slump, unit weight, compressive strength, split tensile strength, absorption, and electrical resistivity). Also, the characteristics of CWP were investigated (chemical composition analysis, particle size distribution and pozzolanic reactivity). XRF analysis of CWP showed a good indication of being a pozzolanic material by having more than 70% silicon oxide (SiO 2 ). It was found that the introduction of CWP shows improvement and acceptable results in concrete properties. The optimum value of 15% resulted in increasing compressive strength, increasing tensile strength, reducing absorption, increasing modulus of elasticity and toughness, and improving electrical resistivity and corrosion rate. Higher values, up to 30%, maybe also used for greener more sustainable concrete with an acceptable reduction in properties.","PeriodicalId":101411,"journal":{"name":"International journal of structural and civil engineering research","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133695063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.18178/ijscer.8.3.270-276
S. Rakkarn, T. Boonyoo, Bhawat Chaichannawatik, Chalat Tipakornkiat, Pramuk Prabjabok
Road Safety Audit (RSA) is the formal process of assessment for a safer road by an independent, multidisciplinary experts. This article shows an application of RSA on Inter City Motorway Route No. 7 (Bangkok Chonburi) and No. 9 (Outer Bangkok Ring Road from Bang Pa In to Bang Plee). Safety problems were found and grouped on 9 main topics. They were 1) Alignment and Cross-Section, 2) Drainage, 3) Signs, 4) Markings and delineation, 5) Roadside Hazards, 6) Pavement, 7) Lighting, 8) Auxiliary lanes and 9) Others. According to the problems, the Inter City Motorway Divisions, Department of Highways had pay attention and adopted the corrections to obtain a safer driving for motorway users.
道路安全审计(RSA)是由独立的多学科专家对道路安全进行评估的正式过程。本文展示了RSA在城际高速公路7号线(曼谷春武里)和9号线(曼谷外环线从Bang Pa In到Bang Plee)上的应用。安全问题被发现并分为9个主要主题。它们是1)路线和横断面，2)排水系统，3)标志，4)标记和划定，5)路边危险，6)人行道，7)照明，8)辅助车道和9)其他。针对这些问题，城际高速公路分局、公路局已予以重视，并采取了相应的整改措施，以保证高速公路用户的行车安全。
{"title":"The Application of Road Safety Audit on Motorways Thailand","authors":"S. Rakkarn, T. Boonyoo, Bhawat Chaichannawatik, Chalat Tipakornkiat, Pramuk Prabjabok","doi":"10.18178/ijscer.8.3.270-276","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18178/ijscer.8.3.270-276","url":null,"abstract":"Road Safety Audit (RSA) is the formal process of assessment for a safer road by an independent, multidisciplinary experts. This article shows an application of RSA on Inter City Motorway Route No. 7 (Bangkok Chonburi) and No. 9 (Outer Bangkok Ring Road from Bang Pa In to Bang Plee). Safety problems were found and grouped on 9 main topics. They were 1) Alignment and Cross-Section, 2) Drainage, 3) Signs, 4) Markings and delineation, 5) Roadside Hazards, 6) Pavement, 7) Lighting, 8) Auxiliary lanes and 9) Others. According to the problems, the Inter City Motorway Divisions, Department of Highways had pay attention and adopted the corrections to obtain a safer driving for motorway users. ","PeriodicalId":101411,"journal":{"name":"International journal of structural and civil engineering research","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115622144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.18178/ijscer.8.4.321-326
T. Tran, T. Ha, Hiroaki Kameda, Toshiyuki Aoyama, K. Torii, S. Fukada
Concrete structures in a marine environment or exposed the salinity are vulnerable due to both physical and chemical deterioration process. A large number of reinforced concrete bridges built during the high economic development period in Japan will be at risk of serious damage caused by salt damage if there are no timely remedial measures. The repair of these structures by conventional methods is costly and difficult in securing traffic regulation. In this study, the authors proposed a new arrangement of galvanic anode system at low cost and convenient in replacement as well as its application to the existing marine structure. Preliminary results from the experiment indicated that this method was effective in corrosion suppression through the recognition of steel depolarization performance. The monitoring of the experiment will be continued with the expectation that the structural longevity will be extended from 20 to 25 years.
{"title":"A Case Study on the Application of a New Arrangement of Galvanic Anode System on Existing Marine Structure","authors":"T. Tran, T. Ha, Hiroaki Kameda, Toshiyuki Aoyama, K. Torii, S. Fukada","doi":"10.18178/ijscer.8.4.321-326","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18178/ijscer.8.4.321-326","url":null,"abstract":"Concrete structures in a marine environment or exposed the salinity are vulnerable due to both physical and chemical deterioration process. A large number of reinforced concrete bridges built during the high economic development period in Japan will be at risk of serious damage caused by salt damage if there are no timely remedial measures. The repair of these structures by conventional methods is costly and difficult in securing traffic regulation. In this study, the authors proposed a new arrangement of galvanic anode system at low cost and convenient in replacement as well as its application to the existing marine structure. Preliminary results from the experiment indicated that this method was effective in corrosion suppression through the recognition of steel depolarization performance. The monitoring of the experiment will be continued with the expectation that the structural longevity will be extended from 20 to 25 years. ","PeriodicalId":101411,"journal":{"name":"International journal of structural and civil engineering research","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116112228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.18178/ijscer.8.3.188-195
G. Urgessa, Robert Sobeski
The objective of this paper is to present the development and assessment of finite element (FE) models used for analyzing projectile penetration depth in targets made from conventional (23 MPa) to very-high strength concretes (157 MPa). Results from the FE models were compared with experimental values. The effects of varying concrete compressive strength, projectile diameter, nose shape, and striking velocity on the penetration depth of the targets were captured. Two concrete constitutive material models, the Holmquist-Johnson-Cook and the Advanced Fundamental Concrete models, were implemented in the FE analyses for determining their suitability in predicting penetration mechanics with reasonable accuracy. In most cases, the finite element results were able to predict penetration depth experimental values within a total root mean square of 10% or less considering a wide-range of projectile striking velocities. Both concrete constitutive models were shown to be suitable for penetration mechanics problems. However, based on the findings of this paper, caution should be exercised in applying the material models for targets made from harder aggregates such as quartz.
{"title":"Finite Element Analyses of the Penetration Depth of Ogive-nosed Projectiles into Conventional and Very-High Strength Concrete Targets","authors":"G. Urgessa, Robert Sobeski","doi":"10.18178/ijscer.8.3.188-195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18178/ijscer.8.3.188-195","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this paper is to present the development and assessment of finite element (FE) models used for analyzing projectile penetration depth in targets made from conventional (23 MPa) to very-high strength concretes (157 MPa). Results from the FE models were compared with experimental values. The effects of varying concrete compressive strength, projectile diameter, nose shape, and striking velocity on the penetration depth of the targets were captured. Two concrete constitutive material models, the Holmquist-Johnson-Cook and the Advanced Fundamental Concrete models, were implemented in the FE analyses for determining their suitability in predicting penetration mechanics with reasonable accuracy. In most cases, the finite element results were able to predict penetration depth experimental values within a total root mean square of 10% or less considering a wide-range of projectile striking velocities. Both concrete constitutive models were shown to be suitable for penetration mechanics problems. However, based on the findings of this paper, caution should be exercised in applying the material models for targets made from harder aggregates such as quartz. ","PeriodicalId":101411,"journal":{"name":"International journal of structural and civil engineering research","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123508480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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