Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.18178/ijscer.10.4.157-164
Chao Wan, S. Qiao, Hongzhong Liu
The tunneling performance of Tunnel Boring Machine (TBM) is the key factor to affect its excavation effect and efficiency. This paper is based on the TBM tunnel project of Minle parking lot of Shenzhen Metro Line 6 phase II, using BP neural network and selecting 30 groups of sample data from the project cases as the research aims to predict the tunneling performance of TBM. The prediction curves corresponding to penetration, cutterhead thrust and cutterhead torque are obtained respectively, and the existing change rules are analyzed. At the same time, the prediction results of BP neural network are compared with the results of regression analysis and field measurement to verify the rationality and applicability of the BP neural network prediction algorithm. The results show that: (1) the error of BP neural network prediction algorithm is less than 3%, the overall results show that the method is suitable for TBM tunneling parameters prediction; (2) compared with the prediction results of regression analysis, it has smaller error, thus to a certain extent, BP neural network prediction algorithm has higher accuracy, which can provide reference for the prediction of TBM tunneling performance under similar geological conditions test.
{"title":"Application of BP Neural Network in TBM Tunneling Performance Prediction","authors":"Chao Wan, S. Qiao, Hongzhong Liu","doi":"10.18178/ijscer.10.4.157-164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18178/ijscer.10.4.157-164","url":null,"abstract":"The tunneling performance of Tunnel Boring Machine (TBM) is the key factor to affect its excavation effect and efficiency. This paper is based on the TBM tunnel project of Minle parking lot of Shenzhen Metro Line 6 phase II, using BP neural network and selecting 30 groups of sample data from the project cases as the research aims to predict the tunneling performance of TBM. The prediction curves corresponding to penetration, cutterhead thrust and cutterhead torque are obtained respectively, and the existing change rules are analyzed. At the same time, the prediction results of BP neural network are compared with the results of regression analysis and field measurement to verify the rationality and applicability of the BP neural network prediction algorithm. The results show that: (1) the error of BP neural network prediction algorithm is less than 3%, the overall results show that the method is suitable for TBM tunneling parameters prediction; (2) compared with the prediction results of regression analysis, it has smaller error, thus to a certain extent, BP neural network prediction algorithm has higher accuracy, which can provide reference for the prediction of TBM tunneling performance under similar geological conditions test. ","PeriodicalId":101411,"journal":{"name":"International journal of structural and civil engineering research","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129312078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.18178/ijscer.10.4.172-177
M. Khasawneh, Rabea AL-Jarazi
Owing to a significant contribution of resilient modulus of subgrade soils in the overall performance of roads or railways, it is crucial to provide the best prediction of it. In other words, regarding road pavements, the behavior of pavements depends on the resilient deformations. This paper presents a new predictive equation for the resilient modulus of cohesive subgrade soils (A-4a and A-6a) using dummy regression. The results show that resilient modulus (MR) values exhibited a slight increase as the confining pressure increases. A-4a compacted at Optimum Moisture Content (OMC) found to attain higher values when compared to other conditions and different soils. A prediction model using dummy variables is proposed and shown to be able to predict the resilient modulus of cohesive subgrade soils over a range of stress states and water contents.
{"title":"Dummy Regression to Predict Resilient Modulus of Cohesive Subgrade Soils","authors":"M. Khasawneh, Rabea AL-Jarazi","doi":"10.18178/ijscer.10.4.172-177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18178/ijscer.10.4.172-177","url":null,"abstract":"Owing to a significant contribution of resilient modulus of subgrade soils in the overall performance of roads or railways, it is crucial to provide the best prediction of it. In other words, regarding road pavements, the behavior of pavements depends on the resilient deformations. This paper presents a new predictive equation for the resilient modulus of cohesive subgrade soils (A-4a and A-6a) using dummy regression. The results show that resilient modulus (MR) values exhibited a slight increase as the confining pressure increases. A-4a compacted at Optimum Moisture Content (OMC) found to attain higher values when compared to other conditions and different soils. A prediction model using dummy variables is proposed and shown to be able to predict the resilient modulus of cohesive subgrade soils over a range of stress states and water contents. ","PeriodicalId":101411,"journal":{"name":"International journal of structural and civil engineering research","volume":"127 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127141703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.18178/ijscer.10.3.113-118
J. Gamboa, Valeria Quintanilla, E. Guzman, S. Santos
In this research, it was analyzed influence of variation of sacrificial piles diameter, as well as the distance between front pile and the face of the pier in reducing local scour depth. For this purpose, it was calibrated a physical test of an isolated cylindrical pier developed in a previous research. For calibration, numerical models were made with Manning's roughness coefficients of the sand of 0.023, 0.024 and 0.025 and the application of Froechlich and Colorado State University (CSU) equations to calculate the local scour depth. After that, 12 numerical models were made with the addition of sacrificial piles in a 30° triangular configuration to the calibrated model. The diameters of sacrificial piles were 5, 6, 7.5 and 10 mm and distances between front pile and the face pier were 75, 90 and 105 mm. According to the results, the highest percentage of local scour reduction was obtained when the sacrificial piles had a diameter of 10 mm and the distance between the front pile and the pier was equal to 105 mm. In this sense, when the distance between the front pile and the face pier was greater, the percentage of local scour reduction was higher. Also, based on the results, it is concluded that, Froechlich's equations and CSU lose precision when there are sacrificial piles.
本研究分析了牺牲桩直径的变化以及前桩与桥面距离对减小局部冲刷深度的影响。为此，对先前研究中开发的孤立圆柱墩进行了物理测试。为了进行标定，采用砂的Manning粗糙度系数分别为0.023、0.024和0.025，并应用Froechlich方程和Colorado State University (CSU)方程计算局部冲刷深度，建立数值模型。然后，在校正后的模型上加入30°三角形牺牲桩，建立了12个数值模型。牺牲桩直径分别为5、6、7.5和10 mm，前桩与面墩距离分别为75、90和105 mm。结果表明，当牺牲桩直径为10 mm，前桩与桥墩距离为105 mm时，局部减冲率最高。从这个意义上说，当前桩与面墩之间的距离越大时，局部冲刷减少的百分比越高。同时，在有牺牲桩存在的情况下，Froechlich方程和CSU方程失去了精度。
{"title":"Evaluation of Diameter and Distance of Sacrificial Piles from the Bridge Pier in Reducing Local Scour","authors":"J. Gamboa, Valeria Quintanilla, E. Guzman, S. Santos","doi":"10.18178/ijscer.10.3.113-118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18178/ijscer.10.3.113-118","url":null,"abstract":"In this research, it was analyzed influence of variation of sacrificial piles diameter, as well as the distance between front pile and the face of the pier in reducing local scour depth. For this purpose, it was calibrated a physical test of an isolated cylindrical pier developed in a previous research. For calibration, numerical models were made with Manning's roughness coefficients of the sand of 0.023, 0.024 and 0.025 and the application of Froechlich and Colorado State University (CSU) equations to calculate the local scour depth. After that, 12 numerical models were made with the addition of sacrificial piles in a 30° triangular configuration to the calibrated model. The diameters of sacrificial piles were 5, 6, 7.5 and 10 mm and distances between front pile and the face pier were 75, 90 and 105 mm. According to the results, the highest percentage of local scour reduction was obtained when the sacrificial piles had a diameter of 10 mm and the distance between the front pile and the pier was equal to 105 mm. In this sense, when the distance between the front pile and the face pier was greater, the percentage of local scour reduction was higher. Also, based on the results, it is concluded that, Froechlich's equations and CSU lose precision when there are sacrificial piles.","PeriodicalId":101411,"journal":{"name":"International journal of structural and civil engineering research","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130041706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.18178/ijscer.8.1.63-68
Sosuke Chiba, K. Uchiyama, Kai Masuda
This paper describes the guidance and control method for an exploration rover in an unknown planet where a rough area exists. A mission of a space rover is sometimes interrupted when the rover falls into the rough area. To overcome this problem, we propose the method that detects and avoids rough terrain by an observer without the use of images of a camera mounted on the rover. The observer, which is based on Disturbance Accommodating Control (DAC) method, estimates nonlinear terms including running resistance and slip ratio because nonlinear term changes by rough terrain such as high soil resistance area. Therefore, the proposed method enables to detect and avoid the rough terrain automatically without the use of vision sensors. Space rover also should identify its position during a mission because of a non-GPS environment. Expanded Kalman Filter simultaneous localization and mapping (EKF-SLAM) is applied to a space rover. The numerical simulation is conducted to verify that a space rover detects and avoids the rough terrain smoothly by using the proposed method.
{"title":"Design Method of Rough Terrain Detection and Avoidance in Unknown Environment for Space Rover","authors":"Sosuke Chiba, K. Uchiyama, Kai Masuda","doi":"10.18178/ijscer.8.1.63-68","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18178/ijscer.8.1.63-68","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes the guidance and control method for an exploration rover in an unknown planet where a rough area exists. A mission of a space rover is sometimes interrupted when the rover falls into the rough area. To overcome this problem, we propose the method that detects and avoids rough terrain by an observer without the use of images of a camera mounted on the rover. The observer, which is based on Disturbance Accommodating Control (DAC) method, estimates nonlinear terms including running resistance and slip ratio because nonlinear term changes by rough terrain such as high soil resistance area. Therefore, the proposed method enables to detect and avoid the rough terrain automatically without the use of vision sensors. Space rover also should identify its position during a mission because of a non-GPS environment. Expanded Kalman Filter simultaneous localization and mapping (EKF-SLAM) is applied to a space rover. The numerical simulation is conducted to verify that a space rover detects and avoids the rough terrain smoothly by using the proposed method.","PeriodicalId":101411,"journal":{"name":"International journal of structural and civil engineering research","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130046824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.18178/ijscer.11.3.58-64
Shasha Li
—Modern urban housing in China has its own development path and distinctive spatial forms under the influence of China’s socialist political and economic system. It thus contains its complex and specific public/private relationship dimensions .The present study focuses on analyzing the spatial types of congregated housing in Wuhan through cases from 1949 to 1966 and exploring how their residential spaces participate in shaping the social public /private relations of the nation, society, individual and family in the same period by constructing the spatial relations among the city, residential area, residential building and domestic space. This study may help to enhance understanding of the intricate and dynamic relationships between public and private spaces in Chinese urban housing of the time, which differ from their counterparts in Western cities. It also provides an enlightenment on research on public/private spaces in current urban housing in varied contexts.
{"title":"Evolution of the Spatial Types of Wuhan Urban Congregated Housing from a Public/Private Space Perspective (1949–1966)","authors":"Shasha Li","doi":"10.18178/ijscer.11.3.58-64","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18178/ijscer.11.3.58-64","url":null,"abstract":"—Modern urban housing in China has its own development path and distinctive spatial forms under the influence of China’s socialist political and economic system. It thus contains its complex and specific public/private relationship dimensions .The present study focuses on analyzing the spatial types of congregated housing in Wuhan through cases from 1949 to 1966 and exploring how their residential spaces participate in shaping the social public /private relations of the nation, society, individual and family in the same period by constructing the spatial relations among the city, residential area, residential building and domestic space. This study may help to enhance understanding of the intricate and dynamic relationships between public and private spaces in Chinese urban housing of the time, which differ from their counterparts in Western cities. It also provides an enlightenment on research on public/private spaces in current urban housing in varied contexts.","PeriodicalId":101411,"journal":{"name":"International journal of structural and civil engineering research","volume":"3 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132394517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.18178/ijscer.8.3.280-283
Hesham Tuwair, Jonathan T. Drury, Jeffery Volz
This paper aims to demonstrate the feasibility of using a novel glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) sandwich panel in bridge deck applications. This new system integrates a polyurethane foam core that is sandwiched between two GFRP facings. With the purpose of investigating the performance of this new system, experimental static testing was performed. The investigation focused on the ultimate flexural strength capacity, stiffness, and panel-to-panel connection of the proposed bridge deck. The results of the flexural testing showed that the tested bridge deck panels exceeded the AASHTO Design Code Strength requirements by nearly three times. In addition, the bonded butt-type sandwich panel-to-panel connection transferred the loading between the panels beyond that required by code.
{"title":"Experimental Investigation of GFRP Hybrid Full-scale Bridge Deck Panels Subjected to AASHTO Design Truck Wheel Load","authors":"Hesham Tuwair, Jonathan T. Drury, Jeffery Volz","doi":"10.18178/ijscer.8.3.280-283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18178/ijscer.8.3.280-283","url":null,"abstract":"This paper aims to demonstrate the feasibility of using a novel glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) sandwich panel in bridge deck applications. This new system integrates a polyurethane foam core that is sandwiched between two GFRP facings. With the purpose of investigating the performance of this new system, experimental static testing was performed. The investigation focused on the ultimate flexural strength capacity, stiffness, and panel-to-panel connection of the proposed bridge deck. The results of the flexural testing showed that the tested bridge deck panels exceeded the AASHTO Design Code Strength requirements by nearly three times. In addition, the bonded butt-type sandwich panel-to-panel connection transferred the loading between the panels beyond that required by code. ","PeriodicalId":101411,"journal":{"name":"International journal of structural and civil engineering research","volume":"35 34","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114087618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.18178/ijscer.12.3.76-84
Rujie Deng, Xianqiao Meng, Shulin Zhang, Z. Li
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{"title":"Fracture Analysis of Tube-gusset-intersecting Joint Based on SWDM Microscopic Fracture Mechanism","authors":"Rujie Deng, Xianqiao Meng, Shulin Zhang, Z. Li","doi":"10.18178/ijscer.12.3.76-84","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18178/ijscer.12.3.76-84","url":null,"abstract":".","PeriodicalId":101411,"journal":{"name":"International journal of structural and civil engineering research","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132132328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.18178/ijscer.10.3.98-105
Ahmed S. Eisa, Ahmed Gab Allah, R. S. Mahmoud, A. Ibrahim
This study presents an experimental investigation of the flexural and shear behavior of strengthened high strength concrete (HSC) beams made with rubberized concrete. CFRP has been used in strengthening of all beams in shear and bending. The concrete mixtures have included a 15% of sand replaced with crumbed rubber with a size of 2 mm. Ten (10) simple span concrete beams have been prepared and tested to promote both flexure and shear failures. The tested beams were divided into two groups, where each group was divided into five beams. The first group was tested to fail in flexure and the second group in shear. Beams with crumbed rubber showed very good flexural and shear strength and all the strengthening techniques used were very effective in both flexure and shear. It was found that the most effective flexural and shear failure loads were increased by 51% and 64%, respectively. Overall, the results showed the feasibility of using rubberized beams in structural applications.
{"title":"Flexural and Shear Behavior of Rubberized High Strength Reinforced Concrete Beams Strengthened with CFRP","authors":"Ahmed S. Eisa, Ahmed Gab Allah, R. S. Mahmoud, A. Ibrahim","doi":"10.18178/ijscer.10.3.98-105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18178/ijscer.10.3.98-105","url":null,"abstract":"This study presents an experimental investigation of the flexural and shear behavior of strengthened high strength concrete (HSC) beams made with rubberized concrete. CFRP has been used in strengthening of all beams in shear and bending. The concrete mixtures have included a 15% of sand replaced with crumbed rubber with a size of 2 mm. Ten (10) simple span concrete beams have been prepared and tested to promote both flexure and shear failures. The tested beams were divided into two groups, where each group was divided into five beams. The first group was tested to fail in flexure and the second group in shear. Beams with crumbed rubber showed very good flexural and shear strength and all the strengthening techniques used were very effective in both flexure and shear. It was found that the most effective flexural and shear failure loads were increased by 51% and 64%, respectively. Overall, the results showed the feasibility of using rubberized beams in structural applications. ","PeriodicalId":101411,"journal":{"name":"International journal of structural and civil engineering research","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133361440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.18178/ijscer.11.4.84-93
Maria Spanea, N. Gerolymos
—The subsoil stratigraphy, the excavation geometry, and the temporary supporting system are significant factors that affect the design and construction of a deep excavation. This paper presents the findings of a numerical simulation of an anchored pile-supported 36m deep excavation with a length to width ratio of L/B=2.2. The significance of 3D geometry and excavation stages in the out of plane direction on the pile wall’s performance is highlighted. The analysis is carried out with PLAXIS FE code and the effective stress approach. The following critical parameters are used for the results’ comparison: (a) wall lateral displacement, (b) ground settlement, and (c) internal structural forces. The impact of wall structural anisotropy and construction sequence on the soil-structure system's performance is also investigated. The unrealistic 2D boundary conditions considerably overestimate results in terms of both displacements and stresses of the wall, which may lead to an overconservative design.
{"title":"Comparative Study between Two-and Three-Dimensional Analyses of a Deep Excavation","authors":"Maria Spanea, N. Gerolymos","doi":"10.18178/ijscer.11.4.84-93","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18178/ijscer.11.4.84-93","url":null,"abstract":"—The subsoil stratigraphy, the excavation geometry, and the temporary supporting system are significant factors that affect the design and construction of a deep excavation. This paper presents the findings of a numerical simulation of an anchored pile-supported 36m deep excavation with a length to width ratio of L/B=2.2. The significance of 3D geometry and excavation stages in the out of plane direction on the pile wall’s performance is highlighted. The analysis is carried out with PLAXIS FE code and the effective stress approach. The following critical parameters are used for the results’ comparison: (a) wall lateral displacement, (b) ground settlement, and (c) internal structural forces. The impact of wall structural anisotropy and construction sequence on the soil-structure system's performance is also investigated. The unrealistic 2D boundary conditions considerably overestimate results in terms of both displacements and stresses of the wall, which may lead to an overconservative design.","PeriodicalId":101411,"journal":{"name":"International journal of structural and civil engineering research","volume":"109 8","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113940558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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