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National journal of maxillofacial surgery最新文献

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Complex odontoma: A single center case series. 复杂牙瘤:单中心病例系列。
Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-24 DOI: 10.4103/njms.njms_204_22
M V Sowmya, Vibha Singh, Hari Ram, V E Shanthosh Kanna

Odontoma is a benign mixed odontogenic tumor. Odontoma is classified into two variants: compound odontoma, which has resemblance to the tooth structure, and complex odontoma, which consists of haphazardly arranged enamel and dentin bearing no resemblance to the tooth structure. The most common site of occurrence of complex odontoma is the posterior aspect of mandible. Surgical excision of the complex odontoma remains the mainstay of treatment, which seldom recurs. Here, we report a series of complex odontoma cases reported to our institute that were managed by surgical excision with no signs of recurrence in subsequent follow-up appointments.

牙体瘤是一种良性混合性牙源性肿瘤。牙体瘤分为两种变体:一种是复合型牙体瘤,与牙齿结构相似;另一种是复杂型牙体瘤,由杂乱排列的珐琅质和牙本质组成,与牙齿结构不相似。复杂性牙瘤最常见的发病部位是下颌骨后方。手术切除复杂牙瘤仍是治疗的主要方法,而且很少复发。在此,我们报告了本研究所接诊的一系列复杂牙瘤病例,这些病例均通过手术切除治疗,且在随后的复诊中无复发迹象。
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引用次数: 0
Does surgical stalwartness insinuate physical fitness as well? An understanding of "ergonomics". 外科手术的坚固性是否也意味着身体健康?了解 "人体工程学"。
Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-24 DOI: 10.4103/njms.njms_43_24
Madan Mishra
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引用次数: 0
Excision of arteriovenous malformation in an emergency situation - A case report. 紧急情况下的动静脉畸形切除术 - 病例报告。
Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-24 DOI: 10.4103/njms.njms_159_23
Amit Mahajan, Tapan Nagpal, Aditya Shah, Sharvari Daithankar

An arteriovenous malformation (AVM) is an infrequent congenital vascular anomaly that can affect the vasculature and involve the endothelium and neighboring cells of any anatomical structure. AVMs are characterized histologically by abnormal AV shunts with atypical interconnecting capillary beds. AVM can cause functional and esthetic issues like face asymmetry, pain, osteolytic changes, and unanticipated hemorrhage or squeeze and tear of the surrounding tissue without causing any symptoms. The literature search yielded limited case reports on AVMs in the facial region. Insufficient diagnosis, limited knowledge, and a lack of literature can lead to severe bleeding and potentially fatal hemorrhagic incidents following dental procedures like tooth extraction, surgery, puncture wounds, or blunt injuries in the affected area. In this manuscript, we report a case of AV malformation involving the left cheek and buccal mucosa region in a 37-year-old male patient who reported uncontrolled bleeding after trauma. This report highlights the management of AV malformation in an emergency by facial artery ligation and surgical excision.

动静脉畸形(AVM)是一种不常见的先天性血管异常,可影响血管并累及任何解剖结构的内皮和邻近细胞。从组织学角度看,动静脉畸形的特征是异常的动静脉分流和不典型的毛细血管床相互连接。动静脉畸形可导致功能和美观问题,如面部不对称、疼痛、溶骨性改变、意外出血或周围组织的挤压和撕裂,但不会引起任何症状。在文献检索中,关于面部区域 AVM 的病例报告非常有限。诊断不充分、知识有限和文献缺乏可导致牙科手术(如拔牙、手术、穿刺伤口或患部钝伤等)后发生严重出血和潜在致命的大出血事件。在本手稿中,我们报告了一例房室畸形病例,患者为 37 岁男性,涉及左侧面颊和颊粘膜区域,报告称外伤后出血无法控制。本报告重点介绍了在紧急情况下通过面部动脉结扎和手术切除来处理房室畸形的方法。
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引用次数: 0
Open reduction and internal fixation of zygomatic arch fracture by transbuccal instrumentation - A prospective clinical trial. 经颊骨器械开放复位内固定颧弓骨折--一项前瞻性临床试验。
Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-24 DOI: 10.4103/njms.njms_116_23
Vijitha Ravindira Babu, Thulasiraman Selvakumar, Elavenil Panneerselvam, Sasikala Balasubramanian, Radhika Menon, V B Krishna Kumar Raja

Background and purpose: The zygomatic arch is important to maintain facial projection as well as width. Hence, restitution of its form by open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) is indicated following its fracture, in certain clinical scenarios. The contemporary surgical approaches are cutaneous with associated complications. This observational clinical trial was designed to evaluate intraoral reduction and transbuccal fixation of zygomatic arch fractures.

Materials and method: Six patients requiring ORIF of the zygomatic arch were recruited for the study. The clinical parameters such as pain, swelling, mouth opening, facial nerve function, and scar were assessed in the pre-operative as well as post-operative period. Radiographic assessment of displacement and inter-fragmentary separation were studied on computed tomography (CT) images.

Results: Mean pre-operative mouth opening was increased from 28.33 ± 6.80 to 36.83 ± 1.94 (P value 0.03). Mean pre-operative swelling was decreased from 34.63 ± 5.41 to 29.71 ± 2.73 (P value 0.02). The pain decreased by day 7 in all the patients (P value 0.01). No facial nerve injury (P value 1) or scar formation (P value 0.002) was encountered in our study. The inter-fragmentary separation as assessed by CT analysis revealed satisfactory outcome.

Conclusion: Intraoral open reduction and transbuccal fixation is a simple, effective, and less invasive method to address zygomatic arch fractures with no complications.

背景和目的:颧弓对于保持面部投影和宽度非常重要。因此,在某些临床情况下,颧弓骨折后需要通过开放复位内固定术(ORIF)来恢复其形态。目前的手术方法都是切口手术,会带来相关的并发症。这项观察性临床试验旨在评估颧弓骨折的口内复位和经颊囊固定术:研究招募了六名颧弓骨折需要口内复位术的患者。对术前和术后的疼痛、肿胀、张口、面部神经功能和疤痕等临床参数进行评估。通过计算机断层扫描(CT)图像对移位和片间分离进行了放射学评估:术前平均张口度从 28.33 ± 6.80 增加到 36.83 ± 1.94(P 值 0.03)。术前平均肿胀从(34.63 ± 5.41)减少到(29.71 ± 2.73)(P 值为 0.02)。所有患者的疼痛在第 7 天均有所减轻(P 值 0.01)。本研究未发现面神经损伤(P 值为 1)或瘢痕形成(P 值为 0.002)。通过 CT 分析评估的片间分离结果令人满意:口内切开复位和经颊骨固定术是一种简单、有效、创伤较小的治疗颧弓骨折的方法,且无并发症。
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引用次数: 0
Agenesis of third molar among the younger population of India born in twenty first century. 二十一世纪出生的印度年轻人中第三磨牙发育不全的情况。
Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-24 DOI: 10.4103/njms.njms_162_22
Ajinath Nanasaheb Jadhav, Safia Shoeb Shaikh, G Shushma

Objectives: The objective of this study was to find the prevalence of agenesis of third molar among the younger population of India.

Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted, and a younger population (13-21 years) born in the twenty-first century were included. Individuals who required an orthopantomogram, for any reason, were recruited in the study.

Results: A total number of 850 orthopantomograms were studied, and 298 (35.05%) individuals showed the agenesis of at least 1 or more third molars. The most common pattern of agenesis was the missing of both maxillary third molars, followed by the agenesis of all third molars. The frequency of agenesis was 18 >28 >48 >38. The study showed a significant predilection in the maxilla as compared to the mandible. There was no statistically significant gender predilection for agenesis of third molar.

Conclusion: The prevalence of third molar agenesis is increasing rapidly with time, with no significant gender predilection and changing trends of patterns of agenesis.

研究目的本研究旨在了解印度年轻人群中第三磨牙缺失的发病率:研究对象为 21 世纪出生的年轻人(13-21 岁)。研究招募了因任何原因需要进行口腔正畸检查的人:结果:共研究了 850 张正畸照片,其中 298 人(35.05%)至少有一颗或多颗第三磨牙发育不全。最常见的第三磨牙缺失模式是两颗上颌第三磨牙缺失,其次是所有第三磨牙缺失。缺失的频率为 18 颗 >28 颗 >48 颗 >38 颗。研究显示,与下颌骨相比,上颌骨的缺失率更高。结论:第三磨牙缺失的发病率与性别有关:结论:随着时间的推移,第三磨牙缺失的发病率正在迅速上升,没有明显的性别偏好和缺失模式的变化趋势。
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引用次数: 0
Chemical preconditioning escalates chondrogenic activity in explant cultured human dental pulp stem cell study model for future temporomandibular joint regeneration. 化学预处理可提高外植体培养人牙髓干细胞研究模型的软骨活性,用于未来的颞下颌关节再生。
Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-24 DOI: 10.4103/njms.njms_207_23
Lakshmi Shetty, Pushkar P Waknis, Avinash Kharat, Ramesh Bhonde, Uday Londhe, B M Rudagi, Supriya M Kheur, Kalyani Bhate

Context: Human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSC) derived from dental pulp in conducive environment activated by chemicals can enhance chondrogenic cells for future animal model temporomandibular joint model.

Aim: The study aims at evaluating the chemicals preconditioning (curcumin and rapamycin) efficacy toward chondrogenic proliferation of human dental pulp stem cells.

Settings and design: The in vitro study model with 10 premolar teeth extirpated pulp was processed under sterile chemical conditions. The cells viability was checked with calorimetric assay for adipogenic and chondrogenic, osteogenic lineages. The viability of the cells and the concentration of curcumin (CU) and rapamycin (RP) required for cell differentiation toward chondrogenic lineage were assessed.

Material and methods: The hDPSC was evaluated after explant long-term cultivation with characterization and chemical conditioning with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as control. MTT assay was used for cytotoxicity evaluation, cell viability, and proliferation. The dose optimization was observed with RP and CU. Chondrogenic proliferation was assessed with standard staining method of 0.1% Safranin O and 0.1% Alcian blue.

Statistical design: The flow cytometry analysis revealed good results for CD 90 compared to others. The intergroup analysis was done by ANOVA, and intragroup analysis was done by Post hoc Tukey's test. The intragroup analysis showed P value < 0.05 for RP in comparison between the various preconditioning agents CU and RP. The dosage of 10 µg/ml RP was considered statistically significant.

Results: The flow cytometer analysis revealed good results for CD 90 compared to other surface markers. The dosage of 10 µg/ml RP was having good chondrogenic cell proliferation. The intragroup analysis showed P value < 0.05 for RP in comparison between the various preconditioning agents CU and RP. The calorimetric assay (MTT) quantitative analysis of the chondrogenic cells with Safranin O stain the standard deviation (SD = 0.017 for rapamycin), Alcian blue (SD = 0.49 for RP) in comparison to DMSO (control) and CU.

Conclusion: RP activates mTOR pathway and hence stabilizes the stem cell maintenance of human dental pulp stem cell and the dose quantified can be used for future animal temporomandibular joint animal model.

背景:目的:本研究旨在评估化学预处理(姜黄素和雷帕霉素)对人牙髓干细胞软骨增殖的功效:体外研究模型是在无菌化学条件下处理 10 颗前磨牙的牙髓。用量热法检测细胞的成脂、成软骨和成骨系的活力。评估了细胞的活力以及细胞向软骨源系分化所需的姜黄素(CU)和雷帕霉素(RP)浓度:以二甲基亚砜(DMSO)为对照,经过表征和化学调理的外植体长期培养后,对 hDPSC 进行了评估。MTT 试验用于细胞毒性评估、细胞活力和增殖。观察了 RP 和 CU 的剂量优化。用 0.1% Safranin O 和 0.1% Alcian blue 标准染色法评估软骨增殖:流式细胞术分析表明,CD 90与其他药物相比效果良好。组间分析采用方差分析,组内分析采用Tukey's检验。组内分析表明,与各种预处理剂 CU 和 RP 相比,RP 的 P 值小于 0.05。10 µg/ml RP 的剂量被认为具有统计学意义:流式细胞仪分析显示,与其他表面标记物相比,CD 90 的效果很好。剂量为 10 µg/ml 的 RP 具有良好的软骨细胞增殖效果。组内分析显示,与各种预处理剂 CU 和 RP 相比,RP 的 P 值小于 0.05。与 DMSO(对照组)和 CU 相比,用 Safranin O 染色法对软骨细胞进行的热量测定(MTT)定量分析显示,雷帕霉素的标准偏差(SD = 0.017)和 RP 的阿尔新蓝(SD = 0.49):结论:雷帕霉素可激活mTOR通路,从而稳定人牙髓干细胞的干细胞维持能力,其量化剂量可用于未来的动物颞下颌关节动物模型。
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引用次数: 0
Primary non-radiation induced angiosarcoma of the parotid with epithelioid morphology. 腮腺原发性非放射诱发血管肉瘤,呈上皮样形态。
Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-24 DOI: 10.4103/njms.njms_29_23
Julian Leow, Karunakar Prabhu

Angiosarcomas are rare, accounting for only 1-2% of sarcomas in the head and neck region. We present an extremely rare case of primary non-radiation-induced angiosarcoma of the parotid with epithelioid morphology which required a tertiary center second opinion for its histological characteristics. We discuss the presentation, imaging, diagnosis, characteristics, and pathway of this case. As parotid lumps are common, a surgical sieve is required to rule out other possible conditions. Early correct diagnosis is crucial in conditions such as angiosarcomas due to their quick metastatic potential.

血管肉瘤非常罕见,仅占头颈部肉瘤的 1-2%。我们介绍了一例极为罕见的非放射诱导的腮腺原发性血管肉瘤,该瘤呈上皮样形态,因其组织学特征需要三级中心的第二意见。我们将讨论该病例的表现、影像学、诊断、特点和治疗途径。由于腮腺肿块很常见,因此需要进行手术筛查,以排除其他可能的疾病。由于血管肉瘤具有快速转移的潜力,因此早期正确诊断对于血管肉瘤等疾病至关重要。
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引用次数: 0
Radiation effects in head and neck and role of hyperbaric oxygen therapy: An adjunct to management. 头颈部的辐射效应和高压氧疗法的作用:辅助治疗。
Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-24 DOI: 10.4103/njms.njms_185_23
Vijay Kumar, Vikas Sharma, Sandhya Pandey, Uma Shankar Pal

Background: Radiotherapy is considered an essential treatment modality in cancers, especially head and neck cancers. Radiotherapy can be given as a definitive, supportive, or adjuvant therapy for various cancers. Radiation damage is an avoidable complication in many patients, after or during radiotherapy. It may be either dose-related, duration-related, or frequency-related. The effects of radiation damage are mainly caused by ischemic necrosis, and once settled it is difficult to manage due to the low vascularity of the affected area.

Aim: To find out the effectiveness of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) in the management of radiation damage in the head and neck region.

Materials and methods: Retrospective data of patients attending the HBOT clinic for postradiotherapy changes were recorded in an Excel sheet and analyzed in this study. Statistical analysis was done.

Result: Our study showed that HBOT is effective in postradiation trismus, xerostomia, discharge, foul smell, discharging sinus, etc., However, it was not found to be significant in the closure of fistula with exposed bone.

Conclusion: HBOT is an effective adjunct modality for the management of postradiation changes in the head and neck region.

背景:放疗被认为是癌症,尤其是头颈部癌症的重要治疗方式。放疗可作为各种癌症的最终治疗、支持治疗或辅助治疗。放射损伤是许多患者在放疗后或放疗期间可避免的并发症。它可能与剂量、持续时间或频率有关。辐射损伤的影响主要由缺血性坏死引起,由于受影响部位的血管较少,一旦形成就很难处理。目的:了解高压氧疗法(HBOT)在处理头颈部辐射损伤方面的效果:本研究用 Excel 表记录并分析了因放疗后变化而到高压氧治疗门诊就诊的患者的回顾性数据。结果我们的研究表明,HBOT 对放疗后的三联症、口腔干燥症、分泌物、恶臭、窦道分泌物等有效,但对骨外露瘘管的闭合效果不明显:结论:HBOT 是治疗头颈部放疗后病变的有效辅助方法。
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引用次数: 0
Volumetric analysis of mastoid air cells in orthodontic malocclusions in 3D cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). 利用三维锥束计算机断层扫描(CBCT)对正畸畸形中的乳突气室进行容积分析。
Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-24 DOI: 10.4103/njms.njms_153_22
Navin Singh, Akhilanand Chaurasia, Akhilesh Kumar Singh, Anshul Agarwal, Aida Nur Ashikin Binti Abd Rahman, Rini Tiwari

Objectives: To determine age- and sex-related changes in mastoid air cells volume in orthodontic malocclusions (class 1, class 2, class 3) in cone beam computed tomography (CBCT), morphometric analysis, and age prediction on the basis of mastoid air cells.

Methods: In total, 150 3D CBCT scans of study subjects having class 1, class 2, and class 3 malocclusions have been analyzed retrospectively for the estimation of volume of mastoid air cells by Dolphin imaging software V11.9, and measurement data of volumes have been recorded and analyzed using SPSS software 24.v.

Results: The volume of mastoid air cells was highest in age group of 14-28 years which was statistically not significant (P value >.05). The volume of mastoid air cells in the right side of cranium is greater than mastoid air cells in the left side. The mastoid air cell volume was higher in males than females. The volume of mastoid air cells (right side) was highest in class II malocclusion (2404.53 ± 1737.50 mm3) followed by class III and was least in class I malocclusion (1842.09 ± 1263.78 mm3). However, the volume of mastoid air cells in the left side was highest in class III malocclusion (2368.03 ± 1853.00 mm3) followed by class II and was least in class I (1920.52 ± 1285.34 mm3).

Conclusions: The volume of mastoid air cells varies in different class of orthodontic malocclusions. The mastoid air cells volume is higher in males than females. On the basis of mastoid air cells volume, we are able to predict the age, sex, and class of orthodontic malocclusion.

研究目的通过锥形束计算机断层扫描(CBCT)、形态计量学分析和基于乳突气室的年龄预测,确定正畸错颌畸形(1级、2级、3级)患者乳突气室体积与年龄和性别相关的变化:方法: 使用 Dolphin 成像软件 V11.9 对 150 名 1 级、2 级和 3 级畸形研究对象的三维 CBCT 扫描进行回顾性分析,以估算乳突气室的体积,并使用 SPSS 软件 24.v 记录和分析体积的测量数据:结果:14-28 岁年龄组的乳突气室体积最大,但无统计学意义(P 值大于 0.05)。头颅右侧乳突气室的体积大于左侧乳突气室。男性乳突气室体积大于女性。乳突气室体积(右侧)在Ⅱ类错颌畸形中最高(2404.53 ± 1737.50 mm3),其次是Ⅲ类错颌畸形,在Ⅰ类错颌畸形中最低(1842.09 ± 1263.78 mm3)。然而,左侧乳突气室的体积在Ⅲ类错颌畸形中最高(2368.03 ± 1853.00 mm3),其次是Ⅱ类错颌畸形,在Ⅰ类错颌畸形中最小(1920.52 ± 1285.34 mm3):结论:乳突气室的体积在不同等级的正畸错合畸形中存在差异。男性的乳突气室体积高于女性。根据乳突气室体积,我们可以预测牙齿畸形的年龄、性别和等级。
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引用次数: 0
Comparative evaluation of salivary, serum, and GCF alkaline phosphatase levels in chronic periodontitis patients before and after nonsurgical periodontal therapy: A clinico-biochemical study. 非手术牙周治疗前后慢性牙周炎患者唾液、血清和 GCF 碱性磷酸酶水平的比较评估:临床生化研究
Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-24 DOI: 10.4103/njms.njms_53_23
Sarita Parihar, Preeti Singh, Ragini Srivastava, Atul Srivastava, Fouzia Imran, J P Vishnu

Background: Chronic periodontitis is a multifactorial disease that causes the supporting tissues around the teeth to become inflamed and destroyed, which further causes tooth mobility and eventual tooth loss. The enzyme alkaline phosphatase (ALP), which is involved in bone resorption and gingival inflammation, is an important biomarker. The current study's objective is to compare the serum, gingival crevicular fluid (GCF), and salivary levels of ALP in individuals with chronic periodontitis before and after nonsurgical periodontal therapy.

Materials and methods: On the basis of clinical and radiographic examinations, 72 participants were split into two groups: Group I (healthy individuals) and Group II (chronic periodontitis patients). All patients who were in an aseptic condition had their serum, GCF, and unstimulated saliva taken, and samples were then tested for ALP levels using ALP kit.

Results: The difference in salivary, serum, and GCF ALP levels between the control group (23.44 ± 4.76, 58.88 ± 8.29, and 776.76 ± 121.91) and the study group (105.66 ± 16.33, 102.38 ± 4.43, and 1,825.77 ± 275.12) was found to be statistically significant with P < 0.001. The difference in salivary, serum, and GCF ALP levels from baseline (105.66 ± 16.33, 102.38 ± 4.43, and 1,825.77 ± 275.12) to postoperative (49.54 ± 5.69, 83.46 ± 4.22, and 1,148.38 ± 129.01) was found to be statistically significant with P < 0.001. The results demonstrated that patients with chronic periodontitis have considerably higher levels of serum, GCF, and salivary ALP than healthy individuals.

Conclusion: Salivary and GCF ALP can thus be used as a key inflammatory diagnostic biomarker in periodontal diseases.

背景:慢性牙周炎是一种多因素疾病,会导致牙齿周围的支持组织发炎和破坏,从而进一步引起牙齿移动,最终导致牙齿脱落。碱性磷酸酶(ALP)参与骨吸收和牙龈炎症,是一种重要的生物标志物。本研究的目的是比较非手术牙周治疗前后慢性牙周炎患者血清、龈沟液(GCF)和唾液中的 ALP 水平:根据临床和影像学检查结果,将 72 名参与者分为两组:第一组(健康人)和第二组(慢性牙周炎患者)。所有患者均在无菌条件下采集血清、GCF 和未刺激唾液,然后使用 ALP 试剂盒检测样本的 ALP 水平:对照组(23.44 ± 4.76、58.88 ± 8.29 和 776.76 ± 121.91)与研究组(105.66 ± 16.33、102.38 ± 4.43 和 1,825.77 ± 275.12)的唾液、血清和 GCF ALP 水平差异有统计学意义,P < 0.001。唾液、血清和 GCF ALP 水平从基线(105.66 ± 16.33、102.38 ± 4.43 和 1,825.77 ± 275.12)到术后(49.54 ± 5.69、83.46 ± 4.22 和 1,148.38 ± 129.01)的差异有统计学意义,P < 0.001。结果表明,慢性牙周炎患者的血清、GCF 和唾液 ALP 水平明显高于健康人:因此,唾液和GCF ALP可作为牙周疾病的主要炎症诊断生物标志物。
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引用次数: 0
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National journal of maxillofacial surgery
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