Pub Date : 2024-05-01Epub Date: 2024-07-24DOI: 10.4103/njms.njms_204_22
M V Sowmya, Vibha Singh, Hari Ram, V E Shanthosh Kanna
Odontoma is a benign mixed odontogenic tumor. Odontoma is classified into two variants: compound odontoma, which has resemblance to the tooth structure, and complex odontoma, which consists of haphazardly arranged enamel and dentin bearing no resemblance to the tooth structure. The most common site of occurrence of complex odontoma is the posterior aspect of mandible. Surgical excision of the complex odontoma remains the mainstay of treatment, which seldom recurs. Here, we report a series of complex odontoma cases reported to our institute that were managed by surgical excision with no signs of recurrence in subsequent follow-up appointments.
{"title":"Complex odontoma: A single center case series.","authors":"M V Sowmya, Vibha Singh, Hari Ram, V E Shanthosh Kanna","doi":"10.4103/njms.njms_204_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/njms.njms_204_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Odontoma is a benign mixed odontogenic tumor. Odontoma is classified into two variants: compound odontoma, which has resemblance to the tooth structure, and complex odontoma, which consists of haphazardly arranged enamel and dentin bearing no resemblance to the tooth structure. The most common site of occurrence of complex odontoma is the posterior aspect of mandible. Surgical excision of the complex odontoma remains the mainstay of treatment, which seldom recurs. Here, we report a series of complex odontoma cases reported to our institute that were managed by surgical excision with no signs of recurrence in subsequent follow-up appointments.</p>","PeriodicalId":101444,"journal":{"name":"National journal of maxillofacial surgery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11371284/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142135057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-01Epub Date: 2024-07-24DOI: 10.4103/njms.njms_43_24
Madan Mishra
{"title":"Does surgical stalwartness insinuate physical fitness as well? An understanding of \"ergonomics\".","authors":"Madan Mishra","doi":"10.4103/njms.njms_43_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/njms.njms_43_24","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101444,"journal":{"name":"National journal of maxillofacial surgery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11371301/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142135061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-01Epub Date: 2024-07-24DOI: 10.4103/njms.njms_159_23
Amit Mahajan, Tapan Nagpal, Aditya Shah, Sharvari Daithankar
An arteriovenous malformation (AVM) is an infrequent congenital vascular anomaly that can affect the vasculature and involve the endothelium and neighboring cells of any anatomical structure. AVMs are characterized histologically by abnormal AV shunts with atypical interconnecting capillary beds. AVM can cause functional and esthetic issues like face asymmetry, pain, osteolytic changes, and unanticipated hemorrhage or squeeze and tear of the surrounding tissue without causing any symptoms. The literature search yielded limited case reports on AVMs in the facial region. Insufficient diagnosis, limited knowledge, and a lack of literature can lead to severe bleeding and potentially fatal hemorrhagic incidents following dental procedures like tooth extraction, surgery, puncture wounds, or blunt injuries in the affected area. In this manuscript, we report a case of AV malformation involving the left cheek and buccal mucosa region in a 37-year-old male patient who reported uncontrolled bleeding after trauma. This report highlights the management of AV malformation in an emergency by facial artery ligation and surgical excision.
{"title":"Excision of arteriovenous malformation in an emergency situation - A case report.","authors":"Amit Mahajan, Tapan Nagpal, Aditya Shah, Sharvari Daithankar","doi":"10.4103/njms.njms_159_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/njms.njms_159_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>An arteriovenous malformation (AVM) is an infrequent congenital vascular anomaly that can affect the vasculature and involve the endothelium and neighboring cells of any anatomical structure. AVMs are characterized histologically by abnormal AV shunts with atypical interconnecting capillary beds. AVM can cause functional and esthetic issues like face asymmetry, pain, osteolytic changes, and unanticipated hemorrhage or squeeze and tear of the surrounding tissue without causing any symptoms. The literature search yielded limited case reports on AVMs in the facial region. Insufficient diagnosis, limited knowledge, and a lack of literature can lead to severe bleeding and potentially fatal hemorrhagic incidents following dental procedures like tooth extraction, surgery, puncture wounds, or blunt injuries in the affected area. In this manuscript, we report a case of AV malformation involving the left cheek and buccal mucosa region in a 37-year-old male patient who reported uncontrolled bleeding after trauma. This report highlights the management of AV malformation in an emergency by facial artery ligation and surgical excision.</p>","PeriodicalId":101444,"journal":{"name":"National journal of maxillofacial surgery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11371296/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142135065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-01Epub Date: 2024-07-24DOI: 10.4103/njms.njms_116_23
Vijitha Ravindira Babu, Thulasiraman Selvakumar, Elavenil Panneerselvam, Sasikala Balasubramanian, Radhika Menon, V B Krishna Kumar Raja
Background and purpose: The zygomatic arch is important to maintain facial projection as well as width. Hence, restitution of its form by open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) is indicated following its fracture, in certain clinical scenarios. The contemporary surgical approaches are cutaneous with associated complications. This observational clinical trial was designed to evaluate intraoral reduction and transbuccal fixation of zygomatic arch fractures.
Materials and method: Six patients requiring ORIF of the zygomatic arch were recruited for the study. The clinical parameters such as pain, swelling, mouth opening, facial nerve function, and scar were assessed in the pre-operative as well as post-operative period. Radiographic assessment of displacement and inter-fragmentary separation were studied on computed tomography (CT) images.
Results: Mean pre-operative mouth opening was increased from 28.33 ± 6.80 to 36.83 ± 1.94 (P value 0.03). Mean pre-operative swelling was decreased from 34.63 ± 5.41 to 29.71 ± 2.73 (P value 0.02). The pain decreased by day 7 in all the patients (P value 0.01). No facial nerve injury (P value 1) or scar formation (P value 0.002) was encountered in our study. The inter-fragmentary separation as assessed by CT analysis revealed satisfactory outcome.
Conclusion: Intraoral open reduction and transbuccal fixation is a simple, effective, and less invasive method to address zygomatic arch fractures with no complications.
{"title":"Open reduction and internal fixation of zygomatic arch fracture by transbuccal instrumentation - A prospective clinical trial.","authors":"Vijitha Ravindira Babu, Thulasiraman Selvakumar, Elavenil Panneerselvam, Sasikala Balasubramanian, Radhika Menon, V B Krishna Kumar Raja","doi":"10.4103/njms.njms_116_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/njms.njms_116_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and purpose: </strong>The zygomatic arch is important to maintain facial projection as well as width. Hence, restitution of its form by open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) is indicated following its fracture, in certain clinical scenarios. The contemporary surgical approaches are cutaneous with associated complications. This observational clinical trial was designed to evaluate intraoral reduction and transbuccal fixation of zygomatic arch fractures.</p><p><strong>Materials and method: </strong>Six patients requiring ORIF of the zygomatic arch were recruited for the study. The clinical parameters such as pain, swelling, mouth opening, facial nerve function, and scar were assessed in the pre-operative as well as post-operative period. Radiographic assessment of displacement and inter-fragmentary separation were studied on computed tomography (CT) images.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mean pre-operative mouth opening was increased from 28.33 ± 6.80 to 36.83 ± 1.94 (<i>P</i> value 0.03). Mean pre-operative swelling was decreased from 34.63 ± 5.41 to 29.71 ± 2.73 (<i>P</i> value 0.02). The pain decreased by day 7 in all the patients (<i>P</i> value 0.01). No facial nerve injury (<i>P</i> value 1) or scar formation (<i>P</i> value 0.002) was encountered in our study. The inter-fragmentary separation as assessed by CT analysis revealed satisfactory outcome.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Intraoral open reduction and transbuccal fixation is a simple, effective, and less invasive method to address zygomatic arch fractures with no complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":101444,"journal":{"name":"National journal of maxillofacial surgery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11371279/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142135069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-01Epub Date: 2024-07-24DOI: 10.4103/njms.njms_162_22
Ajinath Nanasaheb Jadhav, Safia Shoeb Shaikh, G Shushma
Objectives: The objective of this study was to find the prevalence of agenesis of third molar among the younger population of India.
Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted, and a younger population (13-21 years) born in the twenty-first century were included. Individuals who required an orthopantomogram, for any reason, were recruited in the study.
Results: A total number of 850 orthopantomograms were studied, and 298 (35.05%) individuals showed the agenesis of at least 1 or more third molars. The most common pattern of agenesis was the missing of both maxillary third molars, followed by the agenesis of all third molars. The frequency of agenesis was 18 >28 >48 >38. The study showed a significant predilection in the maxilla as compared to the mandible. There was no statistically significant gender predilection for agenesis of third molar.
Conclusion: The prevalence of third molar agenesis is increasing rapidly with time, with no significant gender predilection and changing trends of patterns of agenesis.
{"title":"Agenesis of third molar among the younger population of India born in twenty first century.","authors":"Ajinath Nanasaheb Jadhav, Safia Shoeb Shaikh, G Shushma","doi":"10.4103/njms.njms_162_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/njms.njms_162_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The objective of this study was to find the prevalence of agenesis of third molar among the younger population of India.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted, and a younger population (13-21 years) born in the twenty-first century were included. Individuals who required an orthopantomogram, for any reason, were recruited in the study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total number of 850 orthopantomograms were studied, and 298 (35.05%) individuals showed the agenesis of at least 1 or more third molars. The most common pattern of agenesis was the missing of both maxillary third molars, followed by the agenesis of all third molars. The frequency of agenesis was 18 >28 >48 >38. The study showed a significant predilection in the maxilla as compared to the mandible. There was no statistically significant gender predilection for agenesis of third molar.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The prevalence of third molar agenesis is increasing rapidly with time, with no significant gender predilection and changing trends of patterns of agenesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":101444,"journal":{"name":"National journal of maxillofacial surgery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11371298/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142135051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-01Epub Date: 2024-07-24DOI: 10.4103/njms.njms_207_23
Lakshmi Shetty, Pushkar P Waknis, Avinash Kharat, Ramesh Bhonde, Uday Londhe, B M Rudagi, Supriya M Kheur, Kalyani Bhate
Context: Human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSC) derived from dental pulp in conducive environment activated by chemicals can enhance chondrogenic cells for future animal model temporomandibular joint model.
Aim: The study aims at evaluating the chemicals preconditioning (curcumin and rapamycin) efficacy toward chondrogenic proliferation of human dental pulp stem cells.
Settings and design: The in vitro study model with 10 premolar teeth extirpated pulp was processed under sterile chemical conditions. The cells viability was checked with calorimetric assay for adipogenic and chondrogenic, osteogenic lineages. The viability of the cells and the concentration of curcumin (CU) and rapamycin (RP) required for cell differentiation toward chondrogenic lineage were assessed.
Material and methods: The hDPSC was evaluated after explant long-term cultivation with characterization and chemical conditioning with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as control. MTT assay was used for cytotoxicity evaluation, cell viability, and proliferation. The dose optimization was observed with RP and CU. Chondrogenic proliferation was assessed with standard staining method of 0.1% Safranin O and 0.1% Alcian blue.
Statistical design: The flow cytometry analysis revealed good results for CD 90 compared to others. The intergroup analysis was done by ANOVA, and intragroup analysis was done by Post hoc Tukey's test. The intragroup analysis showed P value < 0.05 for RP in comparison between the various preconditioning agents CU and RP. The dosage of 10 µg/ml RP was considered statistically significant.
Results: The flow cytometer analysis revealed good results for CD 90 compared to other surface markers. The dosage of 10 µg/ml RP was having good chondrogenic cell proliferation. The intragroup analysis showed P value < 0.05 for RP in comparison between the various preconditioning agents CU and RP. The calorimetric assay (MTT) quantitative analysis of the chondrogenic cells with Safranin O stain the standard deviation (SD = 0.017 for rapamycin), Alcian blue (SD = 0.49 for RP) in comparison to DMSO (control) and CU.
Conclusion: RP activates mTOR pathway and hence stabilizes the stem cell maintenance of human dental pulp stem cell and the dose quantified can be used for future animal temporomandibular joint animal model.
背景:目的:本研究旨在评估化学预处理(姜黄素和雷帕霉素)对人牙髓干细胞软骨增殖的功效:体外研究模型是在无菌化学条件下处理 10 颗前磨牙的牙髓。用量热法检测细胞的成脂、成软骨和成骨系的活力。评估了细胞的活力以及细胞向软骨源系分化所需的姜黄素(CU)和雷帕霉素(RP)浓度:以二甲基亚砜(DMSO)为对照,经过表征和化学调理的外植体长期培养后,对 hDPSC 进行了评估。MTT 试验用于细胞毒性评估、细胞活力和增殖。观察了 RP 和 CU 的剂量优化。用 0.1% Safranin O 和 0.1% Alcian blue 标准染色法评估软骨增殖:流式细胞术分析表明,CD 90与其他药物相比效果良好。组间分析采用方差分析,组内分析采用Tukey's检验。组内分析表明,与各种预处理剂 CU 和 RP 相比,RP 的 P 值小于 0.05。10 µg/ml RP 的剂量被认为具有统计学意义:流式细胞仪分析显示,与其他表面标记物相比,CD 90 的效果很好。剂量为 10 µg/ml 的 RP 具有良好的软骨细胞增殖效果。组内分析显示,与各种预处理剂 CU 和 RP 相比,RP 的 P 值小于 0.05。与 DMSO(对照组)和 CU 相比,用 Safranin O 染色法对软骨细胞进行的热量测定(MTT)定量分析显示,雷帕霉素的标准偏差(SD = 0.017)和 RP 的阿尔新蓝(SD = 0.49):结论:雷帕霉素可激活mTOR通路,从而稳定人牙髓干细胞的干细胞维持能力,其量化剂量可用于未来的动物颞下颌关节动物模型。
{"title":"Chemical preconditioning escalates chondrogenic activity in explant cultured human dental pulp stem cell study model for future temporomandibular joint regeneration.","authors":"Lakshmi Shetty, Pushkar P Waknis, Avinash Kharat, Ramesh Bhonde, Uday Londhe, B M Rudagi, Supriya M Kheur, Kalyani Bhate","doi":"10.4103/njms.njms_207_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/njms.njms_207_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSC) derived from dental pulp in conducive environment activated by chemicals can enhance chondrogenic cells for future animal model temporomandibular joint model.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>The study aims at evaluating the chemicals preconditioning (curcumin and rapamycin) efficacy toward chondrogenic proliferation of human dental pulp stem cells.</p><p><strong>Settings and design: </strong>The <i>in vitro</i> study model with 10 premolar teeth extirpated pulp was processed under sterile chemical conditions. The cells viability was checked with calorimetric assay for adipogenic and chondrogenic, osteogenic lineages. The viability of the cells and the concentration of curcumin (CU) and rapamycin (RP) required for cell differentiation toward chondrogenic lineage were assessed.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The hDPSC was evaluated after explant long-term cultivation with characterization and chemical conditioning with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as control. MTT assay was used for cytotoxicity evaluation, cell viability, and proliferation. The dose optimization was observed with RP and CU. Chondrogenic proliferation was assessed with standard staining method of 0.1% Safranin O and 0.1% Alcian blue.</p><p><strong>Statistical design: </strong>The flow cytometry analysis revealed good results for CD 90 compared to others. The intergroup analysis was done by ANOVA, and intragroup analysis was done by <i>Post hoc</i> Tukey's test. The intragroup analysis showed <i>P</i> value < 0.05 for RP in comparison between the various preconditioning agents CU and RP. The dosage of 10 µg/ml RP was considered statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The flow cytometer analysis revealed good results for CD 90 compared to other surface markers. The dosage of 10 µg/ml RP was having good chondrogenic cell proliferation. The intragroup analysis showed <i>P</i> value < 0.05 for RP in comparison between the various preconditioning agents CU and RP. The calorimetric assay (MTT) quantitative analysis of the chondrogenic cells with Safranin O stain the standard deviation (SD = 0.017 for rapamycin), Alcian blue (SD = 0.49 for RP) in comparison to DMSO (control) and CU.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>RP activates mTOR pathway and hence stabilizes the stem cell maintenance of human dental pulp stem cell and the dose quantified can be used for future animal temporomandibular joint animal model.</p>","PeriodicalId":101444,"journal":{"name":"National journal of maxillofacial surgery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11371304/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142135054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-01Epub Date: 2024-07-24DOI: 10.4103/njms.njms_29_23
Julian Leow, Karunakar Prabhu
Angiosarcomas are rare, accounting for only 1-2% of sarcomas in the head and neck region. We present an extremely rare case of primary non-radiation-induced angiosarcoma of the parotid with epithelioid morphology which required a tertiary center second opinion for its histological characteristics. We discuss the presentation, imaging, diagnosis, characteristics, and pathway of this case. As parotid lumps are common, a surgical sieve is required to rule out other possible conditions. Early correct diagnosis is crucial in conditions such as angiosarcomas due to their quick metastatic potential.
{"title":"Primary non-radiation induced angiosarcoma of the parotid with epithelioid morphology.","authors":"Julian Leow, Karunakar Prabhu","doi":"10.4103/njms.njms_29_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/njms.njms_29_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Angiosarcomas are rare, accounting for only 1-2% of sarcomas in the head and neck region. We present an extremely rare case of primary non-radiation-induced angiosarcoma of the parotid with epithelioid morphology which required a tertiary center second opinion for its histological characteristics. We discuss the presentation, imaging, diagnosis, characteristics, and pathway of this case. As parotid lumps are common, a surgical sieve is required to rule out other possible conditions. Early correct diagnosis is crucial in conditions such as angiosarcomas due to their quick metastatic potential.</p>","PeriodicalId":101444,"journal":{"name":"National journal of maxillofacial surgery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11371295/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142134989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-01Epub Date: 2024-07-24DOI: 10.4103/njms.njms_185_23
Vijay Kumar, Vikas Sharma, Sandhya Pandey, Uma Shankar Pal
Background: Radiotherapy is considered an essential treatment modality in cancers, especially head and neck cancers. Radiotherapy can be given as a definitive, supportive, or adjuvant therapy for various cancers. Radiation damage is an avoidable complication in many patients, after or during radiotherapy. It may be either dose-related, duration-related, or frequency-related. The effects of radiation damage are mainly caused by ischemic necrosis, and once settled it is difficult to manage due to the low vascularity of the affected area.
Aim: To find out the effectiveness of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) in the management of radiation damage in the head and neck region.
Materials and methods: Retrospective data of patients attending the HBOT clinic for postradiotherapy changes were recorded in an Excel sheet and analyzed in this study. Statistical analysis was done.
Result: Our study showed that HBOT is effective in postradiation trismus, xerostomia, discharge, foul smell, discharging sinus, etc., However, it was not found to be significant in the closure of fistula with exposed bone.
Conclusion: HBOT is an effective adjunct modality for the management of postradiation changes in the head and neck region.
{"title":"Radiation effects in head and neck and role of hyperbaric oxygen therapy: An adjunct to management.","authors":"Vijay Kumar, Vikas Sharma, Sandhya Pandey, Uma Shankar Pal","doi":"10.4103/njms.njms_185_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/njms.njms_185_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Radiotherapy is considered an essential treatment modality in cancers, especially head and neck cancers. Radiotherapy can be given as a definitive, supportive, or adjuvant therapy for various cancers. Radiation damage is an avoidable complication in many patients, after or during radiotherapy. It may be either dose-related, duration-related, or frequency-related. The effects of radiation damage are mainly caused by ischemic necrosis, and once settled it is difficult to manage due to the low vascularity of the affected area.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To find out the effectiveness of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) in the management of radiation damage in the head and neck region.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Retrospective data of patients attending the HBOT clinic for postradiotherapy changes were recorded in an Excel sheet and analyzed in this study. Statistical analysis was done.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>Our study showed that HBOT is effective in postradiation trismus, xerostomia, discharge, foul smell, discharging sinus, etc., However, it was not found to be significant in the closure of fistula with exposed bone.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>HBOT is an effective adjunct modality for the management of postradiation changes in the head and neck region.</p>","PeriodicalId":101444,"journal":{"name":"National journal of maxillofacial surgery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11371294/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142134990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-01Epub Date: 2024-07-24DOI: 10.4103/njms.njms_153_22
Navin Singh, Akhilanand Chaurasia, Akhilesh Kumar Singh, Anshul Agarwal, Aida Nur Ashikin Binti Abd Rahman, Rini Tiwari
Objectives: To determine age- and sex-related changes in mastoid air cells volume in orthodontic malocclusions (class 1, class 2, class 3) in cone beam computed tomography (CBCT), morphometric analysis, and age prediction on the basis of mastoid air cells.
Methods: In total, 150 3D CBCT scans of study subjects having class 1, class 2, and class 3 malocclusions have been analyzed retrospectively for the estimation of volume of mastoid air cells by Dolphin imaging software V11.9, and measurement data of volumes have been recorded and analyzed using SPSS software 24.v.
Results: The volume of mastoid air cells was highest in age group of 14-28 years which was statistically not significant (P value >.05). The volume of mastoid air cells in the right side of cranium is greater than mastoid air cells in the left side. The mastoid air cell volume was higher in males than females. The volume of mastoid air cells (right side) was highest in class II malocclusion (2404.53 ± 1737.50 mm3) followed by class III and was least in class I malocclusion (1842.09 ± 1263.78 mm3). However, the volume of mastoid air cells in the left side was highest in class III malocclusion (2368.03 ± 1853.00 mm3) followed by class II and was least in class I (1920.52 ± 1285.34 mm3).
Conclusions: The volume of mastoid air cells varies in different class of orthodontic malocclusions. The mastoid air cells volume is higher in males than females. On the basis of mastoid air cells volume, we are able to predict the age, sex, and class of orthodontic malocclusion.
{"title":"Volumetric analysis of mastoid air cells in orthodontic malocclusions in 3D cone beam computed tomography (CBCT).","authors":"Navin Singh, Akhilanand Chaurasia, Akhilesh Kumar Singh, Anshul Agarwal, Aida Nur Ashikin Binti Abd Rahman, Rini Tiwari","doi":"10.4103/njms.njms_153_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/njms.njms_153_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To determine age- and sex-related changes in mastoid air cells volume in orthodontic malocclusions (class 1, class 2, class 3) in cone beam computed tomography (CBCT), morphometric analysis, and age prediction on the basis of mastoid air cells.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In total, 150 3D CBCT scans of study subjects having class 1, class 2, and class 3 malocclusions have been analyzed retrospectively for the estimation of volume of mastoid air cells by Dolphin imaging software V11.9, and measurement data of volumes have been recorded and analyzed using SPSS software 24.v.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The volume of mastoid air cells was highest in age group of 14-28 years which was statistically not significant (P value >.05). The volume of mastoid air cells in the right side of cranium is greater than mastoid air cells in the left side. The mastoid air cell volume was higher in males than females. The volume of mastoid air cells (right side) was highest in class II malocclusion (2404.53 ± 1737.50 mm<sup>3</sup>) followed by class III and was least in class I malocclusion (1842.09 ± 1263.78 mm<sup>3</sup>). However, the volume of mastoid air cells in the left side was highest in class III malocclusion (2368.03 ± 1853.00 mm<sup>3</sup>) followed by class II and was least in class I (1920.52 ± 1285.34 mm<sup>3</sup>).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The volume of mastoid air cells varies in different class of orthodontic malocclusions. The mastoid air cells volume is higher in males than females. On the basis of mastoid air cells volume, we are able to predict the age, sex, and class of orthodontic malocclusion.</p>","PeriodicalId":101444,"journal":{"name":"National journal of maxillofacial surgery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11371290/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142134993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Chronic periodontitis is a multifactorial disease that causes the supporting tissues around the teeth to become inflamed and destroyed, which further causes tooth mobility and eventual tooth loss. The enzyme alkaline phosphatase (ALP), which is involved in bone resorption and gingival inflammation, is an important biomarker. The current study's objective is to compare the serum, gingival crevicular fluid (GCF), and salivary levels of ALP in individuals with chronic periodontitis before and after nonsurgical periodontal therapy.
Materials and methods: On the basis of clinical and radiographic examinations, 72 participants were split into two groups: Group I (healthy individuals) and Group II (chronic periodontitis patients). All patients who were in an aseptic condition had their serum, GCF, and unstimulated saliva taken, and samples were then tested for ALP levels using ALP kit.
Results: The difference in salivary, serum, and GCF ALP levels between the control group (23.44 ± 4.76, 58.88 ± 8.29, and 776.76 ± 121.91) and the study group (105.66 ± 16.33, 102.38 ± 4.43, and 1,825.77 ± 275.12) was found to be statistically significant with P < 0.001. The difference in salivary, serum, and GCF ALP levels from baseline (105.66 ± 16.33, 102.38 ± 4.43, and 1,825.77 ± 275.12) to postoperative (49.54 ± 5.69, 83.46 ± 4.22, and 1,148.38 ± 129.01) was found to be statistically significant with P < 0.001. The results demonstrated that patients with chronic periodontitis have considerably higher levels of serum, GCF, and salivary ALP than healthy individuals.
Conclusion: Salivary and GCF ALP can thus be used as a key inflammatory diagnostic biomarker in periodontal diseases.
背景:慢性牙周炎是一种多因素疾病,会导致牙齿周围的支持组织发炎和破坏,从而进一步引起牙齿移动,最终导致牙齿脱落。碱性磷酸酶(ALP)参与骨吸收和牙龈炎症,是一种重要的生物标志物。本研究的目的是比较非手术牙周治疗前后慢性牙周炎患者血清、龈沟液(GCF)和唾液中的 ALP 水平:根据临床和影像学检查结果,将 72 名参与者分为两组:第一组(健康人)和第二组(慢性牙周炎患者)。所有患者均在无菌条件下采集血清、GCF 和未刺激唾液,然后使用 ALP 试剂盒检测样本的 ALP 水平:对照组(23.44 ± 4.76、58.88 ± 8.29 和 776.76 ± 121.91)与研究组(105.66 ± 16.33、102.38 ± 4.43 和 1,825.77 ± 275.12)的唾液、血清和 GCF ALP 水平差异有统计学意义,P < 0.001。唾液、血清和 GCF ALP 水平从基线(105.66 ± 16.33、102.38 ± 4.43 和 1,825.77 ± 275.12)到术后(49.54 ± 5.69、83.46 ± 4.22 和 1,148.38 ± 129.01)的差异有统计学意义,P < 0.001。结果表明,慢性牙周炎患者的血清、GCF 和唾液 ALP 水平明显高于健康人:因此,唾液和GCF ALP可作为牙周疾病的主要炎症诊断生物标志物。
{"title":"Comparative evaluation of salivary, serum, and GCF alkaline phosphatase levels in chronic periodontitis patients before and after nonsurgical periodontal therapy: A clinico-biochemical study.","authors":"Sarita Parihar, Preeti Singh, Ragini Srivastava, Atul Srivastava, Fouzia Imran, J P Vishnu","doi":"10.4103/njms.njms_53_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/njms.njms_53_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chronic periodontitis is a multifactorial disease that causes the supporting tissues around the teeth to become inflamed and destroyed, which further causes tooth mobility and eventual tooth loss. The enzyme alkaline phosphatase (ALP), which is involved in bone resorption and gingival inflammation, is an important biomarker. The current study's objective is to compare the serum, gingival crevicular fluid (GCF), and salivary levels of ALP in individuals with chronic periodontitis before and after nonsurgical periodontal therapy.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>On the basis of clinical and radiographic examinations, 72 participants were split into two groups: Group I (healthy individuals) and Group II (chronic periodontitis patients). All patients who were in an aseptic condition had their serum, GCF, and unstimulated saliva taken, and samples were then tested for ALP levels using ALP kit.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The difference in salivary, serum, and GCF ALP levels between the control group (23.44 ± 4.76, 58.88 ± 8.29, and 776.76 ± 121.91) and the study group (105.66 ± 16.33, 102.38 ± 4.43, and 1,825.77 ± 275.12) was found to be statistically significant with <i>P</i> < 0.001. The difference in salivary, serum, and GCF ALP levels from baseline (105.66 ± 16.33, 102.38 ± 4.43, and 1,825.77 ± 275.12) to postoperative (49.54 ± 5.69, 83.46 ± 4.22, and 1,148.38 ± 129.01) was found to be statistically significant with <i>P</i> < 0.001. The results demonstrated that patients with chronic periodontitis have considerably higher levels of serum, GCF, and salivary ALP than healthy individuals.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Salivary and GCF ALP can thus be used as a key inflammatory diagnostic biomarker in periodontal diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":101444,"journal":{"name":"National journal of maxillofacial surgery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11371287/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142135055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}