National journal of maxillofacial surgery最新文献

Introduction: Dexterity is an important skill and there is a need to investigate the efficiency of the hand strength and the hand-eye coordination of the person. In Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, it is needed to increase the surgical performance. Mirror neuron therapy (MNT) is initiated by one's actions, observations, and imitation. It works based on neuroplasticity. The sensorimotor cortex gets improved because of MNT. By using simulators there is an increase in the skills that have improved surgical performance, confidence, and as an educational tool. Thirty participants were taken in this study.

Materials and methods: The study was an experimental, single-blinded, randomized controlled trial where the outcome assessor was blinded. The participants were allocated according to stratified random sampling. Suturing was done as motor skill exercises and rubber ball exercises were conducted to improve the hand and grip strength while suturing. The senior trainer did the demonstration and the participants had to perform it with and without a mirror with the dominant as well as nondominant hands. This exercise was done for 21 days.

Results: The results showed that participants with the right-handed dominance showed the greatest increase in motor skills with MNT (P > 0.001). There was less time taken for suturing for the right-handed participants post-exercise with scaling excellent in of hand grip and strength.

Conclusion: This is an innovative study to determine the use of motor skill exercises using MNT and cognition towards suturing in oral and maxillofacial surgery. This study shows us the use of MNT leads to the activation of mirror neurons and the enhancement of motor skills in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery residents. These motor exercises were conducted for 21 days and led to a major improvement. The readings of hand and finger strength were taken by a baseline hand dynamometer and a pinch gauge. The suturing task time of each participant was improved after the course of study. Each participant's level of Grip strength and Pin strength was increased since the participants continued to do exercise on an everyday basis and overall surgical skills were improved.

Tessier cleft 7 is a rare type of transverse facial cleft. It may occur as an isolated entity or in association with a syndrome. Early recognition and management can significantly improve quality of life by enhancing both function and aesthetics. In this case report presents a case of Tessier cleft 7 that was managed surgically using a modified medially overcorrected design.

Introduction: The purpose of the in-vitro study was to compare and evaluate the cytotoxicity of commercially pure grade II titanium (CP-Ti) with commercially available titanium alloys and alloying elements (Aluminum, Copper, Zirconium).

Materials and methods: Cell Viability test to Determine cytotoxicity using MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) tetrazolium reduction assay was done and the results were analyzed using one-way ANOVA test.

Results: The cell viabilities for Commercially available implant alloy (Ti-6Al-4V), Aluminum (Al), and Copper (Cu) were 88.46 ± 7.9%, 86.79 ± 2.7%, and 0% respectively, which were significantly lower than that for the corresponding control group (p ≤ 0.001) and Zirconium (109.38 ± 5.6%). The cytotoxicity results of the tested materials, obtained in this study can serve as a guide for the development of new Ti-based alloy systems.

Conclusion: Materials like Aluminum (Al), Zirconium (Zr), and Commercially pure titanium (CP-Ti) are biologically safe and can be used as titanium alloying elements for dental implants.

Objectives: This retrospective study aims to compare various plating systems used for ORIF in anterior mandibular fractures in terms of (i) distribution of age, (ii) gender preferences, (iii) causes, (iv) providing immediate function to the patient, (v) location and side distribution of fractures, (vi) methods of maxillomandibular fixation, and (vii) other associated mandibular fractures.

Materials and methods: The study focused on patients who experienced road traffic accidents and those who underwent surgery for anterior mandibular fractures. This retrospective study reviewed patient data collected from 2018 to 2023. Follow-up results were evaluated based on this data.

Results: Out of 118 patients who underwent surgical intervention for anterior mandibular fractures, 90.7% were male. The average age was 30 years (mean ± SD: 30.48 ± 8.811. The parasymphysis region was the most frequently fractured area, occurring in 50% of the cases. Most patients had isolated mandibular fractures, comprising 78.8% of the cases. The most commonly associated fracture was the zygomaticomaxillary complex fracture, seen in 10.2% of patients. Arch bar fixation was used for 79.7% of patients to provide intermaxillary fixation (IMF), while 5.1% of patients did not require any Maxillomandibular.

Conclusion: Our study suggests that using a single miniplate in conjunction with uncut arch bar fixation has significant results compared to two miniplates for treating anterior mandibular fractures. Furthermore, the arch bar method was the primary technique utilized for maxillomandibular fixation in these patients.

Introduction: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) significantly impacts global cancer incidence, with cancer stem cells (CSCs) such as ALDH1 and CD44 promoting tumor growth and self-renewal. This study examines the correlation between these CSC markers ALDH1 and CD44 with clinicopathological factors and survival outcomes in OSCC patients.

Materials and methods: The expression of cancer markers in 161 tumor tissue blocks was assessed through Immunohistochemistry (IHC). Fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) was used to identify the immunoexpression of CD44 and ALDH1 in primary oral cancer cell lines derived from patients. The five-year survival outcome was calculated by Kaplan Meier (KM).

Results: Our five-year study found significant associations between CSC markers and clinicopathological factors in OSCC patients. ALDH1 was linked to lymph node metastasis (P = 0.029), recurrence (P < 0.001), tumor histology (P < 0.001), and higher tumor staging (P = 0.008). Conversely, CD44 correlated with non-tobacoo chewing (P = 0.023), poorly differentiated tumor (P < 0.001), recurrence (P < 0.001) and mortality (P < 0.001). Patients with ALDH1-positive tumors had lower DFS (46.37 vs 62.92), while CD44-positive tumors had lower OS (58.98 vs 63.54). Univariate and multivariate analyses showed high ALDH1 expression associated with lower DFS (HR = 3.35, 95% CI = 1.93-5.82, P < 0.001), and high CD44 levels with lower OS (HR = 2.02, 95% CI = 1.11-3.66, P = 0.021).

Conclusion: This study aimed to identify ALDH1 and CD44 expressions as cancer stem cell markers and independent predictors of lower five-year disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS), respectively. These markers effectively predict oral cancer prognosis and treatment response, enabling clinicians to improve patient outcomes.

Objective: Oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMFS) as a dental speciality has broadened its scope and practices in the past few decades. However, the general public at large are oblivious to the developments made within this field. Our study aims to throw light on the poor recognition of OMFS among the general population of India.

Materials and methods: An online survey involving 400 participants (209 males and 191 females; aged from 18-80), chosen at random from different parts of South India, was conducted. The participants were asked to choose the specialist they would approach for certain clinical scenarios based on their knowledge.

Result: About 28.3% of the participants have heard about the OMFS speciality and are aware about the treatments they offer. Orthodontists were preferred over OMF surgeons even for wisdom tooth extractions. However, OMFS was the preferred speciality for the treatment of facial bone and jaw fractures.

Conclusion: About 71.7% of the participants in our study were unaware about the scope and practices of the OMFS speciality. The general public are familiar with other dental specialities over OMFS. Improving the quality and safety of health care worldwide through the advancement of patient care, education and research in OMFS are the mission of the International Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (IAOMS). The awareness of the public about our speciality and the treatments that we offer is an utmost necessity to achieve this mission. Our study is in line with this goal. We believe we can expand the reach of OMFS into the minds of the common people.

Accidental ingestion and aspiration of dental instrument are an infrequent finding in dental practice settings, although at times inadvertently it can happen. The location of the ingested/aspirated object should be confirmed first, followed by adequate intervention. Radiographic examination will allow the correct diagnosis and treatment to be conducted, according to the situation of the object either in the lungs or in the gastrointestinal tract (GI). This is a case report of accidental ingestion of a dental implant prosthetic hex driver and its subsequent medical retrieval by way of fiberoptic-guided endoscopy.

Introduction: This study was designed to evaluate and compare the efficacy of Gelatamp^® as a topical hemostatic and bactericidal agent in reduction of postoperative complications and soft tissue healing with routine closure after surgical extraction of impacted mandibular third molar.

Material and methods: This was a split-mouth, prospective, double-blinded, randomized control study. The study was carried out on 30 patients (60 impactions) aged between 18 and 45 years with Bilateral Impacted mandibular 3^rd molar teeth (class II; Mesioangular; position B) indicated for surgical extraction. SITE I (n = 30) obtained Gelatamp following extraction, and the SITE II (n = 30) received no intervention. The key objectives were to evaluate bleeding after 40 minutes of pressure pack removal, soft tissue healing, postoperative sequelae such as pain, swelling, incidence of wound dehiscence, and alveolar osteitis maximal interincisal opening on 1, 3, 7, and 14 postoperative days.

Result: The findings demonstrated a statistically significant difference among extraction sites for hemorrhage scores after 40 minutes of pressure dressing removal in SITE I (p = 0.039). No statistically significant difference present between the sites for pain, edema, soft tissue healing, wound dehiscence, and maximal interincisal opening recorded on all the follow-up days. In addition, no significant difference was detected for incidence of alveolar osteitis on 3 and 7 days after surgery (p > 0.05).

Conclusion: The results of our data suggested that Gelatamp^® could potentially be used to prevent postoperative sequalae such as hemorrhage and permits improved soft tissue healing after surgical extraction of impacted mandibular 3^rd molar.

Central giant cell granuloma (CGCG) is an unusual, benign osteolytic lesion of the maxillofacial region. By virtue of its manifestation as an aggressive locally destructive lesion in the mandible of young individuals, its diagnosis is often misleading since it mimics certain clinical entities with regards to their clinical and radiographic presentation. This necessitates the need for a thorough understanding of CGCG. Therefore, to enable a detailed understanding of this clinical entity, we put forth a case report of CGCG with a comprehensive review of literature.