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Effect of meditation and relaxation therapy on preoperative anxiety and stress in oral squamous cell carcinoma patients scheduled for oral and maxillofacial surgery: An experimental study. 冥想和放松疗法对计划接受口腔颌面外科手术的口腔鳞状细胞癌患者术前焦虑和压力的影响:一项实验研究。
Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-19 DOI: 10.4103/njms.njms_123_22
Shreya J Raut, Lakshmi Shetty, Adnan Chhatriwala, Trivina K Domah, Gauri Camblay

Context: The diagnosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma [OSCC] and its treatment phase is emotionally demanding for the patient and challenging for the surgeon. The induction of stress and anxiety is unavoidable in these patients. It becomes very important for the patient to have psychological as well as physical stability during this treatment phase. Various studies have reported the beneficial effect of meditation along with relaxation therapy on healthy individuals but the beneficial effect of meditation and relaxation therapy [MRT] to reduce stress and anxiety preoperatively in OSCC patients has not been reported in scientific literature.

Aim: The aim of this study was to study the effect of MRT on preoperative anxiety and stress in OSCC patients undergoing for oral and maxillofacial surgery.

Settings and design: An experimental, parallel study design was carried out with randomization of patients into experimental[25] and control group[25] with allocation ratio 1:1 in 50 patients diagnosed with OSCC [stage II or III] scheduled for oral and maxillofacial surgery with general anesthesia.

Materials and methods: The biopsy which was the prerequisite for the diagnosis was taken. Twenty-one days before surgery in experimental group, patients were oriented about meditation and relaxation exercises. The reorientation of MRT was done from the day of admission twice a day till the day of surgery. Physiological parameters for stress and anxiety like heart rate [HR], blood pressure [BP], pulse rate [PR], and respiratory rate [RR] were evaluated on 1st day of MRT at 9 am and on the day of surgery. The serum cortisol which was quantitative parameter for stress was evaluated 1st day of MRT at 9 am fasting and on the day of surgery. The qualitative analysis for anxiety was done preoperatively using visual analog scale on the 1st day before MRT and compared with the values on the day of surgery after MRT at a specific time.

Statistical analysis: Paired t-test analysis was used intragroup whereas unpaired t-test was used intergroup between experimental and control groups with significance at P = 0.05 and highly significant at P = 0.0001.

Results: The serum cortisol was significantly less in the experimental group over control group with t = 7.04 and P = 0.0001. The systolic and diastolic BP, pulse rate, respiratory rate, and anxiety in the experimental group reported significantly less rate compared to the control group with t = 5.66, t = 22.2, t = 11.93, t = 27.71, and P = 0.0001.

Conclusion: In our study, MRT in the form of Sukhasana, Anulom Vilom, Omkar chanting, and Shavasana for 30 min twice daily has shown positive effect to reduce stress and anxiety. The serum cortisol as a quantitative parameter has been effectively evaluat

背景:口腔鳞状细胞癌[OSCC]的诊断及其治疗阶段对患者的情绪要求很高,对外科医生来说也极具挑战性。这些患者不可避免地会感到紧张和焦虑。在这一治疗阶段,患者的心理和生理稳定变得非常重要。多项研究都报道了冥想和放松疗法对健康人的有益影响,但冥想和放松疗法(MRT)对减少 OSCC 患者术前压力和焦虑的有益影响尚未见诸科学文献:采用实验、平行研究设计,将患者随机分为实验组[25]和对照组[25],分配比例为 1:1,对 50 名确诊为 OSCC(II 期或 III 期)的患者进行研究,这些患者计划在全身麻醉下接受口腔颌面外科手术:活组织检查是诊断的先决条件。实验组患者在手术前 21 天接受冥想和放松练习指导。从入院当天起,每天进行两次冥想放松训练,直到手术当天。在冥想放松训练的第一天上午 9 点和手术当天对压力和焦虑的生理参数进行评估,如心率[HR]、血压[BP]、脉搏[PR]和呼吸频率[RR]。血清皮质醇是压力的定量参数,在 MRT 第一天上午 9 点空腹和手术当天进行了评估。焦虑的定性分析在 MRT 前一天使用视觉模拟量表进行,并与 MRT 后手术当天特定时间的数值进行比较:组内采用配对 t 检验,实验组和对照组之间采用非配对 t 检验,P=0.05 为显著性,P=0.0001 为高度显著性:实验组血清皮质醇明显低于对照组,t=7.04,P=0.0001。实验组的收缩压和舒张压、脉搏、呼吸频率和焦虑率明显低于对照组,t = 5.66、t = 22.2、t = 11.93、t = 27.71,P = 0.0001:在我们的研究中,每天两次、每次 30 分钟的 "舒哈萨纳式"、"阿努洛姆-维洛姆式"、"唵嘛呢叭咪吽 "和 "沙瓦萨纳式 "等 MRT 对减轻压力和焦虑有积极作用。在这项基准研究中,作为定量参数的血清皮质醇得到了有效评估。
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引用次数: 0
Renal cell carcinoma metastasizing to salivary glands: Systematic review. 转移至唾液腺的肾细胞癌:系统综述。
Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-19 DOI: 10.4103/njms.njms_79_23
Sonia Gupta, Khalid Hussain A Alruwaili, Rosa Llisel Ocampo Escobedo, Manasi Pangarkar, Jatinder Pal Singh Chawla, S Sunitha, Kinza Qureshi, Achla Bharti Yadav

Distant metastasis to salivary glands is a very rare event. Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) has been known for its high propensity of metastasis to unusual locations and salivary glands are one among those sites. Approximately 0.1% of all salivary gland metastatic neoplasms originate from renal malignancies Literature has reported several studies analysing the metastatic tumors to the oral region. However, very little research work has been published to date to analyse solely the RCC metastasizing to the salivary glands. Thus, this review was conducted to examine the published cases of RCC metastasizing to salivary glands in the literature to date and to learn about their characteristics. An electronic search of the published literature was performed without publication year limitation in PubMed/ Medline, Scopus, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Science Direct, Embase, and Research Gate databases, using mesh keywords like ('Renal cancer', OR 'Renal carcinoma' OR 'Renal cell cancer' OR 'Renal cell carcinoma'), AND ('Metastasis' OR 'Metastases'), And ('Salivary glands' OR 'Parotid gland' OR 'Submandibular gland' OR 'Sublingual gland'). We also searched all related journals manually. The reference list of all articles was also checked. Our research revealed a total of 83 relevant papers (1965-2022) with 100 patients. Parotid was the most predominant gland affected. 8% of patients died with a mean survival time of 1.3 yr. From this research, it can be concluded that RCC metastasizing to salivary glands is a rare occurrence. Careful evaluation of these cases is needed in order to raise awareness of these lesions and gain a better understanding of their characteristics for clinical as well as global implications.

唾液腺的远处转移非常罕见。众所周知,肾细胞癌(RCC)极易转移到不寻常的部位,唾液腺就是其中之一。在所有唾液腺转移性肿瘤中,约有 0.1% 源自肾脏恶性肿瘤 文献报道了一些分析口腔转移性肿瘤的研究。然而,迄今为止,仅对转移至唾液腺的 RCC 进行分析的研究成果却寥寥无几。因此,本综述旨在研究迄今为止文献中已发表的RCC转移至唾液腺的病例,并了解其特征。我们在 PubMed/Medline、Scopus、Google Scholar、Web of Science、Science Direct、Embase 和 Research Gate 数据库中对已发表的文献进行了电子检索,没有出版年份限制、使用网状关键词,如("肾癌",或 "肾癌",或 "肾细胞癌",或 "肾细胞癌"),和("转移",或 "转移"),和("唾液腺",或 "腮腺",或 "颌下腺",或 "舌下腺")。我们还人工检索了所有相关期刊。我们还检查了所有文章的参考文献列表。我们的研究共发现 83 篇相关论文(1965-2022 年),涉及 100 名患者。腮腺是最主要的受累腺体。8%的患者死亡,平均存活时间为1.3年。从这项研究中可以得出结论,RCC转移到唾液腺的情况非常罕见。有必要对这些病例进行仔细评估,以提高人们对这些病变的认识,并更好地了解它们的特点,从而对临床和全球产生影响。
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引用次数: 0
A clinic-pathological research explored the significance of ascorbic acid and iron levels in serum and saliva in premalignant disorder patients at Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh. 一项临床病理学研究探讨了北方邦坎普尔恶性肿瘤前疾病患者血清和唾液中抗坏血酸和铁含量的意义。
Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-19 DOI: 10.4103/njms.njms_470_21
Rohan Sachdev, Kriti Garg, Vishal Mehrotra, Samiksha Shwetam, Praveen Singh, Akash Srivastava

Context: Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF), or OSMF, is a well-known, potentially premalignant condition of the oral cavity. Monitoring OSMF widespread effects necessitate interventions in at-risk individuals, ideally before the disease becomes aggressive. Ascorbic acid and iron, for instance, are significant micronutrients in the pathogenesis of OSMF.

Aims: This study aimed to investigate the significance of ascorbic acid and iron levels in serum and saliva in patients with premalignant disorder (OSMF) and to correlate variations in ascorbic acid and iron levels with histopathological grading.

Settings and design: The present study was conducted on 195 patients over a period of 10 months.

Subjects and methods: These patients were divided into two groups, Group I (n = 88, Control), Group II (n = 107, clinically diagnosed and histopathologically confirmed cases of OSMF). Serum and salivary ascorbic acid were analyzed by the dintrophenyl hydrazine method, whereas serum and salivary iron were analyzed by the dipyridyl method.

Statistical analysis used: Paired t-test and Fisher test were used to compare between the mean and to find the level of significance P value.

Results: The serum and salivary ascorbic acid levels consistently decreased with the progression of histopathological grading of OSMF. Serum and salivary iron levels were also decreased in OSMF patients, and it came as significant.

Conclusions: Excess collagen synthesis during OSMF may have been promoted with ascorbic acid and iron. As a reason, serum and salivary monitoring may be significant in detecting and diagnosing OSMF early on.

背景:众所周知,口腔黏膜下纤维化(OSMF)是一种潜在的口腔癌前病变。为了监测口腔黏膜下纤维化的广泛影响,有必要对高危人群进行干预,最好是在疾病恶化之前。目的:本研究旨在探讨口腔癌前病变(OSMF)患者血清和唾液中抗坏血酸和铁水平的意义,并将抗坏血酸和铁水平的变化与组织病理学分级联系起来:本研究对195名患者进行了为期10个月的研究:这些患者被分为两组,第一组(n = 88,对照组),第二组(n = 107,临床诊断和组织病理学确诊的 OSMF 病例)。血清和唾液中的抗坏血酸采用二丙烯酰肼法进行分析,血清和唾液中的铁则采用二吡啶法进行分析:结果:血清和唾液中的抗坏血酸与唾液中的铁之间的比较采用了配对 t 检验和费雪检验:结果:血清和唾液中的抗坏血酸水平随着OSMF组织病理学分级的进展而持续下降。OSMF患者血清和唾液中的铁含量也有所下降,且差异显著:结论:抗坏血酸和铁可能促进了 OSMF 期间胶原蛋白的过度合成。因此,对血清和唾液进行监测对早期发现和诊断 OSMF 有重要意义。
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引用次数: 0
Comparative evaluation of different osteosynthesis modalities with respect to lingual splaying in mandibular interforaminal fractures using CBCT: A prospective study. 使用 CBCT 对下颌骨椎间孔骨折的舌侧劈裂进行不同骨合成方式的比较评估:一项前瞻性研究。
Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-19 DOI: 10.4103/njms.njms_5_23
Gaurav Mittal, Ritesh Garg, Abhishek Rathi, Debi Prasad Ghatak, Jhilik Biswas

Introduction: The management of interforaminal fracture can prove to be challenging because of its unique anatomy and muscular forces. Often, lingual splaying has been found either postoperatively or even during the procedures in such fractures and can be challenging when it comes to managing them. Various modalities such as miniplates, lag screws, and three-dimensional (3D) miniplates have been utilized to manage these fractures. This article compares these three modalities in the management of lingual splaying.

Material and methods: Thirty patients were allotted randomly to either of the aforementioned modalities randomly in this prospective study. The patients were operated and followed up for the period of 6 months.

Results: It was found that no significant difference exists between the modalities in terms of reduction in lingual splay.

Conclusion: All three modalities have different ventures to offer. A larger sample size study may be warranted to elucidate the obtained results.

导言:由于其独特的解剖结构和肌肉力量,椎间孔骨折的治疗具有挑战性。在此类骨折的术后甚至手术过程中,经常会发现舌侧劈裂的情况,这在治疗上具有挑战性。在处理这类骨折时,人们采用了多种方式,如微型钢板、滞后螺钉和三维(3D)微型钢板。本文比较了这三种治疗舌侧劈裂的方法:在这项前瞻性研究中,30 名患者被随机分配到上述两种方法中的任意一种。对患者进行手术并随访 6 个月:结果:在减少舌侧外翻方面,三种方法没有明显差异:结论:三种方法都有不同的优势。结论:三种治疗方法都有不同的效果,可能需要更大样本量的研究来阐明所获得的结果。
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引用次数: 0
Transforming lives through craniofacial surgery in India: Navigating hopes and challenges. 通过颅面外科手术改变印度人的生活:希望与挑战并存。
Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-19 DOI: 10.4103/njms.njms_212_23
Abhay N Datarkar
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引用次数: 0
Compositional and surface changes of retrieved stainless-steel hardware and its effects on surrounding soft tissues: A prospective study. 取出的不锈钢硬件的成分和表面变化及其对周围软组织的影响:前瞻性研究。
Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-19 DOI: 10.4103/njms.njms_11_23
K James, Uday Kiran Uppada, B Bharadwaj, Himaja Swayampakula

Purpose: To evaluate the surface, compositional, and histological changes in the overlying soft tissues of retrieved stainless-steel mini-plates and screws used for rigid internal fixation in the maxillofacial skeleton.

Materials and method: A prospective study was conducted comprising 60 patients who sustained maxillofacial trauma and underwent ORIF in our unit previously and who required hardware retrieval in the post-operative phase. The retrieved hardware was evaluated for surface and compositional changes with the help of a scanning electron microscope for surface roughness and corrosion changes. Energy-dispersive X-ray study was done to know the composition and metal release from the hardware. The data obtained from these results were compared with a control unused and a sterile stainless-steel mini-plate and screw. The effects of the corrosion changes of this hardware on the adjacent soft tissues were evaluated histologically to assess the cellular changes of the soft tissue cover overlying the stainless-steel mini-plates and screws.

Results: A total of 96 stainless-steel mini-plates and 380 stainless-steel screws were retrieved from 60 patients. The control plate was smooth without any surface and corrosion defects, while the retrieved mini-plates irrespective of the reason for removal have shown surface roughness. Fe and Ni ions were found to be significantly reduced in the retrieved mini-plates. The presence of CrC in the retrieved plates indicates corrosion, which was seen only in hardware retrieved from symptomatic patients. The histological study revealed chronic inflammatory cell infiltrate with hyalinized connective tissue in all the samples irrespective of the reason for the removal of the plate.

Conclusion: Stainless-steel mini-plates and screws act as a potent foreign body material and initiate a localized inflammatory reaction due to its corrosive products with longer duration of stay. Hence, the authors advocate the overall shift in the use of stainless-steel hardware to titanium hardware for ORIF.

目的:评估用于颌面部骨骼硬性内固定的不锈钢小钢板和螺钉取回后的表面、成分和上覆软组织的组织学变化:我们进行了一项前瞻性研究,研究对象包括 60 名颌面部创伤患者,这些患者曾在我们科室接受过颌面外科手术,并在术后阶段需要取回硬件。利用扫描电子显微镜对取回的硬件进行了表面和成分变化评估,以观察表面粗糙度和腐蚀变化。还进行了能量色散 X 射线研究,以了解硬件的成分和金属释放情况。将从这些结果中获得的数据与未使用的对照组和无菌不锈钢微型板和螺钉进行了比较。对这些硬件的腐蚀变化对邻近软组织的影响进行了组织学评估,以评估覆盖在不锈钢微型钢板和螺钉上的软组织的细胞变化:共从 60 位患者身上取回 96 块不锈钢微型钢板和 380 颗不锈钢螺钉。对照钢板表面光滑,无任何表面和腐蚀缺陷,而取回的迷你钢板无论因何种原因移除,均显示出表面粗糙。在取回的微型钢板中,发现铁离子和镍离子明显减少。取回的钢板中出现铬化砷表明存在腐蚀,而这种腐蚀仅出现在从有症状的患者身上取回的硬件中。组织学研究显示,无论钢板被取出的原因如何,所有样本中都存在慢性炎症细胞浸润和透明结缔组织:结论:不锈钢微型钢板和螺钉是一种有效的异物材料,由于其腐蚀性产物会引发局部炎症反应,且停留时间较长。因此,作者主张在手术室外固定术中全面改用钛合金硬件。
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引用次数: 0
A naïve comparison to assess the success of ultra-short implants. 评估超短种植体成功率的天真比较。
Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-19 DOI: 10.4103/njms.njms_82_22
Sangeeta Barman, Neelesh Singh, Vandana A Pant, Mohammad Aamir, Snigdha Biswas

Introduction: Conventional implants are associated with ridge augmentation/sinus lift procedures in vertically insufficient ridges, which increase morbidity and healing time. Short implants provided some hope in this context. The present study considered the use of ultra-short implants in vertically insufficient posterior mandibular ridges and evaluated their success. Hence, study was done to evaluate the success of ultra-short implants in partially edentulous posterior mandible clinically and radiographically.

Materials and methods: The study is a "Naïve direct comparison" of ultra-short implants to conventional implants for assessing their success in vertically insufficient posterior mandibular ridges. A total of 10 ultra-short implants were placed in a partially edentulous posterior mandibular ridge with at least 8-mm horizontal (at crest) and vertical dimensions. A delayed loading was done at three-month follow-up. Data acquisition was done at baseline (immediately after loading), 6-, 9-, 12-month intervals. Parameters assessed were marginal bone loss (MBL), probing pocket depth reduction (PPDR), modified plaque index (mPI), modified gingival index (mGI).

Results: All the placed 10 implants survived, and no failure was observed. "Independent sample t-test" and "paired sample t-test" was done for intergroup and intragroup analysis, respectively. Intergroup comparison between the ultra-short and conventional implants presented a statistically insignificant difference between all the parameters at all the follow-up visits (baseline, 6-, 9-, 12 months).

Conclusions: Within the limitations, it was thus concluded that ultra-short implants may be considered as a viable treatment option for vertically insufficient mandibular ridge. Further, long-term randomized controlled trials are required to establish the evidence.

导言:传统的种植体需要在垂直不足的牙脊上进行牙脊增高/窦提升手术,这会增加发病率和愈合时间。在这种情况下,短种植体带来了一些希望。本研究考虑在下颌后脊垂直度不足的情况下使用超短种植体,并评估其成功率。因此,本研究从临床和影像学角度评估了超短种植体在部分缺牙的下颌后嵴中的成功率:该研究是将超短种植体与传统种植体进行 "新手直接比较",以评估其在垂直不足的下颌后嵴中的成功率。共有 10 个超短种植体被植入部分缺牙的下颌后嵴,其水平(嵴处)和垂直尺寸至少为 8 毫米。在三个月的随访中进行了延迟加载。分别在基线(加载后立即)、6个月、9个月和12个月的时间间隔内采集数据。评估参数包括边缘骨损失(MBL)、探查袋深度减少(PPDR)、改良牙菌斑指数(mPI)和改良牙龈指数(mGI):结果:植入的 10 个种植体全部存活,未发现失败。组间和组内分析分别采用 "独立样本 t 检验 "和 "配对样本 t 检验"。超短种植体和传统种植体的组间比较显示,在所有随访(基线、6、9、12 个月)中,所有参数之间的差异在统计学上不显著:在有限的条件下,结论是超短种植体可作为下颌嵴垂直不足的可行治疗方案。此外,还需要长期的随机对照试验来确立证据。
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引用次数: 0
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National journal of maxillofacial surgery
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