Pub Date : 1999-07-30DOI: 10.1109/SICE.1999.788715
H. Kim, Jae Young Lee, W. Kwon
This paper proposes a compiler design for IEC 1131-3 standard languages of PLCs (programmable logic controllers). It describes the structure of the front end of the compiler and the optimization phase of the intermediate representation of the back end. The paper also proposes optimization methods using several characteristics of the PLC. A software-based optimization uses the flow of the program and a hardware-based optimization is implemented by a programmable logic device to accelerate the logical operations that are most part of the PLC instructions. A benchmark test shows the proposed compiler speeds up the execution of the PLC.
{"title":"A compiler design for IEC 1131-3 standard languages of programmable logic controllers","authors":"H. Kim, Jae Young Lee, W. Kwon","doi":"10.1109/SICE.1999.788715","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SICE.1999.788715","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a compiler design for IEC 1131-3 standard languages of PLCs (programmable logic controllers). It describes the structure of the front end of the compiler and the optimization phase of the intermediate representation of the back end. The paper also proposes optimization methods using several characteristics of the PLC. A software-based optimization uses the flow of the program and a hardware-based optimization is implemented by a programmable logic device to accelerate the logical operations that are most part of the PLC instructions. A benchmark test shows the proposed compiler speeds up the execution of the PLC.","PeriodicalId":103164,"journal":{"name":"SICE '99. Proceedings of the 38th SICE Annual Conference. International Session Papers (IEEE Cat. No.99TH8456)","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125575710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1999-07-30DOI: 10.1109/SICE.1999.788591
T. Mizuno, J. Minowa, K. Araki
A new type of mass measurement system is proposed for the realization of a simple mass measurement system under zero-gravity conditions. It estimates mass based on the law of conservation of momentum. Initially, two masses, one of which is a measurement object and the other is a reference mass, are made at rest. A repulsive force is generated between them so that they begin to move in opposite directions at certain velocities. The mass of the object is estimated from the ratio of their velocities. The principles of measurement and several experimental results are described.
{"title":"Mass measurement based on the law of conservation of momentum","authors":"T. Mizuno, J. Minowa, K. Araki","doi":"10.1109/SICE.1999.788591","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SICE.1999.788591","url":null,"abstract":"A new type of mass measurement system is proposed for the realization of a simple mass measurement system under zero-gravity conditions. It estimates mass based on the law of conservation of momentum. Initially, two masses, one of which is a measurement object and the other is a reference mass, are made at rest. A repulsive force is generated between them so that they begin to move in opposite directions at certain velocities. The mass of the object is estimated from the ratio of their velocities. The principles of measurement and several experimental results are described.","PeriodicalId":103164,"journal":{"name":"SICE '99. Proceedings of the 38th SICE Annual Conference. International Session Papers (IEEE Cat. No.99TH8456)","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128118453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1999-07-30DOI: 10.1109/SICE.1999.788675
Y. Okuyama, F. Takemori
The physical parameters of controlled systems (plants) are uncertain and are accompanied with nonlinearity. The transfer function of the controlled system should, therefore, be expressed by interval polynomials. This paper describes the realization of robust control for that type of plant (interval system) via model reference feedback, and discusses the relationship between the feedback structure and the conventional PID control system. Robust performance of the feedback control system is evaluated by using a discrimination method of characteristic roots area on an s-plane. In this paper, we present designing examples of a robust control system via model reference feedback which corresponds to a high-gain feedback and a kind of PID control.
{"title":"Model reference feedback and PID control for interval plants","authors":"Y. Okuyama, F. Takemori","doi":"10.1109/SICE.1999.788675","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SICE.1999.788675","url":null,"abstract":"The physical parameters of controlled systems (plants) are uncertain and are accompanied with nonlinearity. The transfer function of the controlled system should, therefore, be expressed by interval polynomials. This paper describes the realization of robust control for that type of plant (interval system) via model reference feedback, and discusses the relationship between the feedback structure and the conventional PID control system. Robust performance of the feedback control system is evaluated by using a discrimination method of characteristic roots area on an s-plane. In this paper, we present designing examples of a robust control system via model reference feedback which corresponds to a high-gain feedback and a kind of PID control.","PeriodicalId":103164,"journal":{"name":"SICE '99. Proceedings of the 38th SICE Annual Conference. International Session Papers (IEEE Cat. No.99TH8456)","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124610331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1999-07-28DOI: 10.1109/SICE.1999.788721
P. Bajaj, S. Kher
In the early days of automobiles, speeds of vehicles were very low and there were relatively few vehicles on the road. The increase in the number of vehicles and their speed has already outpaced the improvements on roads and the other traffic facilities, resulting in unsafe road travel. The fundamental component of night driving is the headlight which provides better vision. On the other the hand vision of the driver is affected by the headlights of oncoming vehicles. Moreover, the traffic moves at a faster rate at night, this leads to head-on collisions. Night driving is a phenomenon governed by a number of factors. So to provide optimal illumination at all distances when vehicles are in the vicinity, a controller is designed such that speed, distance of a vehicle from another vehicle, driver action, weather condition, type of road (terrain, bend, highway) while driving are taken into account to generate the effective output intensity free of glare. Since the inputs are fuzzy in nature, a fuzzy controller is designed.
{"title":"Smart control of headlight intensity of automobiles for improved night vision","authors":"P. Bajaj, S. Kher","doi":"10.1109/SICE.1999.788721","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SICE.1999.788721","url":null,"abstract":"In the early days of automobiles, speeds of vehicles were very low and there were relatively few vehicles on the road. The increase in the number of vehicles and their speed has already outpaced the improvements on roads and the other traffic facilities, resulting in unsafe road travel. The fundamental component of night driving is the headlight which provides better vision. On the other the hand vision of the driver is affected by the headlights of oncoming vehicles. Moreover, the traffic moves at a faster rate at night, this leads to head-on collisions. Night driving is a phenomenon governed by a number of factors. So to provide optimal illumination at all distances when vehicles are in the vicinity, a controller is designed such that speed, distance of a vehicle from another vehicle, driver action, weather condition, type of road (terrain, bend, highway) while driving are taken into account to generate the effective output intensity free of glare. Since the inputs are fuzzy in nature, a fuzzy controller is designed.","PeriodicalId":103164,"journal":{"name":"SICE '99. Proceedings of the 38th SICE Annual Conference. International Session Papers (IEEE Cat. No.99TH8456)","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115380402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1999-07-28DOI: 10.1109/SICE.1999.788588
A. K. Boakye, S. Yamagisi, H. Yamanouchi
A new Kalman formulation which we believe can be used in at least Rayleigh atmospheres was developed. Extension of the technique to real-time data analysis of atmospheric water vapor profiles and other species of meteorological importance is being considered.
{"title":"A new Kalman formulation for the analysis of atmospheric lidar water vapor profiles","authors":"A. K. Boakye, S. Yamagisi, H. Yamanouchi","doi":"10.1109/SICE.1999.788588","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SICE.1999.788588","url":null,"abstract":"A new Kalman formulation which we believe can be used in at least Rayleigh atmospheres was developed. Extension of the technique to real-time data analysis of atmospheric water vapor profiles and other species of meteorological importance is being considered.","PeriodicalId":103164,"journal":{"name":"SICE '99. Proceedings of the 38th SICE Annual Conference. International Session Papers (IEEE Cat. No.99TH8456)","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121821696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1999-07-28DOI: 10.1109/SICE.1999.788686
H. Hirayama, T. Kimura
We applied the linear systems analysis and robustness analysis for intra cellular calcium ion transport across the sarcoplasmic reticulum. We computed the structural singular values and H2/H/spl infin/ norms. The present investigation can be used for evaluating the functional space of the calcium transport system.
{"title":"Engineering investigation of intra cellular calcium ion transport across the sarcoplasmic reticulum membrane in the cellular plasma","authors":"H. Hirayama, T. Kimura","doi":"10.1109/SICE.1999.788686","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SICE.1999.788686","url":null,"abstract":"We applied the linear systems analysis and robustness analysis for intra cellular calcium ion transport across the sarcoplasmic reticulum. We computed the structural singular values and H2/H/spl infin/ norms. The present investigation can be used for evaluating the functional space of the calcium transport system.","PeriodicalId":103164,"journal":{"name":"SICE '99. Proceedings of the 38th SICE Annual Conference. International Session Papers (IEEE Cat. No.99TH8456)","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116829909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1999-07-28DOI: 10.1109/SICE.1999.788693
Y. Seo, J. Choi
EALQR (linear quadratic regulator with an eigenstructure assignment capability), a control design methodology previously developed by the authors, performs better than a conventional LQR or an eigenstructure assignment. However, it has a constraint on the weighting matrix, that is, the weighting matrix can be indefinite for some high-order systems. This paper analyzes the effects of an indefinite weighting matrix in EALQR on the frequency domain properties. The robustness criterion and the quantitative frequency domain properties are presented. The frequency domain properties of EALQR with an indefinite weighting matrix have been analyzed by applying them to a flight control system as a design example.
{"title":"Analysis of EALQR control design methodology","authors":"Y. Seo, J. Choi","doi":"10.1109/SICE.1999.788693","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SICE.1999.788693","url":null,"abstract":"EALQR (linear quadratic regulator with an eigenstructure assignment capability), a control design methodology previously developed by the authors, performs better than a conventional LQR or an eigenstructure assignment. However, it has a constraint on the weighting matrix, that is, the weighting matrix can be indefinite for some high-order systems. This paper analyzes the effects of an indefinite weighting matrix in EALQR on the frequency domain properties. The robustness criterion and the quantitative frequency domain properties are presented. The frequency domain properties of EALQR with an indefinite weighting matrix have been analyzed by applying them to a flight control system as a design example.","PeriodicalId":103164,"journal":{"name":"SICE '99. Proceedings of the 38th SICE Annual Conference. International Session Papers (IEEE Cat. No.99TH8456)","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117007869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1999-07-28DOI: 10.1109/SICE.1999.788719
Hanmin Huang, Hu Xiyue, Zhang Ping, Chai Yi, Weiren Shi
Based on an artificial neural network, digital image processing, and features extraction theory, the authors analyzed a BP network's defect then presented improving solutions. In this paper, a new kind of handwritten character system has been constructed. Referring to the shortcoming of the traditional BP algorithm, a modified learning factor with adaptation is introduced, and a bizarre sample feature database is constructed for speeding up modified BP learning and classification. Experimental results show that the modified BP neural network algorithm (three layers forward, no feedback) can be used in handwritten character recognition, and satisfactory results have been obtained.
{"title":"ANN-based handwritten character recognition","authors":"Hanmin Huang, Hu Xiyue, Zhang Ping, Chai Yi, Weiren Shi","doi":"10.1109/SICE.1999.788719","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SICE.1999.788719","url":null,"abstract":"Based on an artificial neural network, digital image processing, and features extraction theory, the authors analyzed a BP network's defect then presented improving solutions. In this paper, a new kind of handwritten character system has been constructed. Referring to the shortcoming of the traditional BP algorithm, a modified learning factor with adaptation is introduced, and a bizarre sample feature database is constructed for speeding up modified BP learning and classification. Experimental results show that the modified BP neural network algorithm (three layers forward, no feedback) can be used in handwritten character recognition, and satisfactory results have been obtained.","PeriodicalId":103164,"journal":{"name":"SICE '99. Proceedings of the 38th SICE Annual Conference. International Session Papers (IEEE Cat. No.99TH8456)","volume":"123 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125470836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1999-07-28DOI: 10.1109/SICE.1999.788696
S. Kher, A. Dua
The electro discharge machining operation has become relatively simple with the advent of CNC machines where the operator skills have been taken over by the skills built into the CNC. This is not so in the case of manual machines, where the operator skill is very critical to getting the final product finish; this being very true for a country like India, where most of the EDM users continue to use manual machines due to the prohibitive costs involved with CNC. An attempt has been made here to provide CNC like features in a manual ram type spark erosion machine at a fraction of the cost of a CNC, so that it is available to most of the users. One of the large hurdles in the EDM field is to ensure high material removal rates with better and predictable finishes and not getting the workpiece and tool damaged due to arcing or short-circuiting etc. This involves special waveforms to be produced for the eroding current, special h/w to take protective/corrective actions in case of a fault or an imminent fault and the presence of a good servo system. For this design, it is assumed that a good servo system is available and only the other two points are taken care of here. The scheme depicted involves the generation and alteration of the eroding current waveforms and the incorporation of special controls to take care of the fault conditions.
{"title":"EDM pulse control: a design approach","authors":"S. Kher, A. Dua","doi":"10.1109/SICE.1999.788696","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SICE.1999.788696","url":null,"abstract":"The electro discharge machining operation has become relatively simple with the advent of CNC machines where the operator skills have been taken over by the skills built into the CNC. This is not so in the case of manual machines, where the operator skill is very critical to getting the final product finish; this being very true for a country like India, where most of the EDM users continue to use manual machines due to the prohibitive costs involved with CNC. An attempt has been made here to provide CNC like features in a manual ram type spark erosion machine at a fraction of the cost of a CNC, so that it is available to most of the users. One of the large hurdles in the EDM field is to ensure high material removal rates with better and predictable finishes and not getting the workpiece and tool damaged due to arcing or short-circuiting etc. This involves special waveforms to be produced for the eroding current, special h/w to take protective/corrective actions in case of a fault or an imminent fault and the presence of a good servo system. For this design, it is assumed that a good servo system is available and only the other two points are taken care of here. The scheme depicted involves the generation and alteration of the eroding current waveforms and the incorporation of special controls to take care of the fault conditions.","PeriodicalId":103164,"journal":{"name":"SICE '99. Proceedings of the 38th SICE Annual Conference. International Session Papers (IEEE Cat. No.99TH8456)","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132958997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1999-07-28DOI: 10.1109/SICE.1999.788727
Mun-Kyu Choi, Hunmo Kim
We present the process analysis system that can analyze causes, like an expert, after processes. Also, the plasma etching process that affects yield is controlled using an artificial neural network to predict output before the process. In modeling, a method that uses history for input data is considered, it offers advantages in both learning and prediction capability. This research regards the critical dimension that is considerable in highly integrated circuits as the output variable of the model. Based on a model using this method, we propose an algorithm to analyze and control the effect of input variables for predicted defects. Both the weight of input variables and their historical trend are examined for this algorithm.
{"title":"A study on process control to improve yield in semiconductor manufacturing","authors":"Mun-Kyu Choi, Hunmo Kim","doi":"10.1109/SICE.1999.788727","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SICE.1999.788727","url":null,"abstract":"We present the process analysis system that can analyze causes, like an expert, after processes. Also, the plasma etching process that affects yield is controlled using an artificial neural network to predict output before the process. In modeling, a method that uses history for input data is considered, it offers advantages in both learning and prediction capability. This research regards the critical dimension that is considerable in highly integrated circuits as the output variable of the model. Based on a model using this method, we propose an algorithm to analyze and control the effect of input variables for predicted defects. Both the weight of input variables and their historical trend are examined for this algorithm.","PeriodicalId":103164,"journal":{"name":"SICE '99. Proceedings of the 38th SICE Annual Conference. International Session Papers (IEEE Cat. No.99TH8456)","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130985642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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