Pub Date : 2019-06-01DOI: 10.1109/PPPS34859.2019.9009799
D. Molchanov, I. Lavrinovich
The efficiency of electropulse drilling is recognized by many researchers worldwide. For electropulse drilling of shallow wells (tens of meters) with a high-voltage generator on the near-well surface, the specific energy consumption is much lower than that for conventional rotary drilling. For efficient electropulse drilling of deep wells (hundred meters to several kilometers), a compact downhole generator is needed, and this type of high-voltage generators can be built, in our opinion, around a line pulse transformer (LPT). The paper presents the results of laboratory tests of an LPT-based system for drilling presoaked rock samples similar in physical characteristics to rocks occurring at great depths. The results demonstrate that compared to systems based on a Marx generator, the LPT system is no less efficient while its overall dimensions, weight, and design simplicity are matchless. Recommendations are also given on how to increase the drilling efficiency of the LPT system by optimizing its parameters.
{"title":"Efficiency of Rock Destruction by a Pulse Generator Based on a Linear Pulse Transformer","authors":"D. Molchanov, I. Lavrinovich","doi":"10.1109/PPPS34859.2019.9009799","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PPPS34859.2019.9009799","url":null,"abstract":"The efficiency of electropulse drilling is recognized by many researchers worldwide. For electropulse drilling of shallow wells (tens of meters) with a high-voltage generator on the near-well surface, the specific energy consumption is much lower than that for conventional rotary drilling. For efficient electropulse drilling of deep wells (hundred meters to several kilometers), a compact downhole generator is needed, and this type of high-voltage generators can be built, in our opinion, around a line pulse transformer (LPT). The paper presents the results of laboratory tests of an LPT-based system for drilling presoaked rock samples similar in physical characteristics to rocks occurring at great depths. The results demonstrate that compared to systems based on a Marx generator, the LPT system is no less efficient while its overall dimensions, weight, and design simplicity are matchless. Recommendations are also given on how to increase the drilling efficiency of the LPT system by optimizing its parameters.","PeriodicalId":103240,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE Pulsed Power & Plasma Science (PPPS)","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115646397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-01DOI: 10.1109/PPPS34859.2019.9009822
K. Wright, C. Sahay, T. Poole
A reactor being developed and instrumented for plasma decomposition of carbon dioxide contains a pin-to-plane micro-discharge, with a stainless steel pin and aluminum electrode. The degradation of the aluminum electrode over testing time is an unwanted effect of this particular system. A predictive model of degradation of the current electrode is being developed to relate the system parameters and treatment time with degradation of the electrode. Other aspects of the set-up are also being studied based on this phenomenon, including energy losses from the system, which can detract from the overall efficiency of the process of plasma decomposition of carbon dioxide. A test electrode of aluminum is arranged with a demarcated grid of test sections. Then, plasma discharges are applied at the centers of these grids within each area of approximately 2 mm x 2mm. Scans of these areas are taken using a three-dimensional optical profiler for non-contact measurement and characterization of micro- and nano-scale features of the aluminum surface. It should be noted that the instrumentation utilized provides up to 0.15 nm vertical precision. Hence, a predictive model can be developed with the purpose of determining how long the discharge gap length can remain within a reasonable range to sustain the plasma discharge across the electrodes. Toward the goal of engineering a plasma system which can be consistently deployed to decompose carbon dioxide, considerations on longevity of the electrodes and/or necessary maintenance can be a useful step in scaling these systems and preparing them for more widespread use. Results will include impact of the micro-discharge on the electrodes during typical treatment times of plasma decomposition of carbon dioxide.
正在开发的用于等离子体分解二氧化碳的反应器包含一个针到平面的微放电，用不锈钢针和铝电极。铝电极在测试时间内的退化是这种特殊系统的不希望的影响。目前正在开发一种预测电极降解的模型，将系统参数和处理时间与电极的降解联系起来。该装置的其他方面也正在基于这一现象进行研究，包括系统的能量损失，这可能会降低等离子体分解二氧化碳过程的整体效率。铝的测试电极设置有划界的测试段网格。然后，等离子体放电应用于这些网格的中心，每个区域约为2mm x 2mm。使用三维光学剖面仪对这些区域进行扫描，用于非接触式测量和表征铝表面的微观和纳米尺度特征。值得注意的是，所使用的仪器可提供高达0.15 nm的垂直精度。因此，可以建立一个预测模型，以确定放电间隙长度可以在合理范围内保持多长时间，以维持等离子体在电极上的放电。为了使等离子体系统能够持续地分解二氧化碳，考虑电极的寿命和/或必要的维护可能是扩展这些系统并为其更广泛使用做准备的有用步骤。结果将包括在等离子体分解二氧化碳的典型处理时间内微放电对电极的影响。
{"title":"Impact on Electrodes During Plasma Decomposition of CO2","authors":"K. Wright, C. Sahay, T. Poole","doi":"10.1109/PPPS34859.2019.9009822","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PPPS34859.2019.9009822","url":null,"abstract":"A reactor being developed and instrumented for plasma decomposition of carbon dioxide contains a pin-to-plane micro-discharge, with a stainless steel pin and aluminum electrode. The degradation of the aluminum electrode over testing time is an unwanted effect of this particular system. A predictive model of degradation of the current electrode is being developed to relate the system parameters and treatment time with degradation of the electrode. Other aspects of the set-up are also being studied based on this phenomenon, including energy losses from the system, which can detract from the overall efficiency of the process of plasma decomposition of carbon dioxide. A test electrode of aluminum is arranged with a demarcated grid of test sections. Then, plasma discharges are applied at the centers of these grids within each area of approximately 2 mm x 2mm. Scans of these areas are taken using a three-dimensional optical profiler for non-contact measurement and characterization of micro- and nano-scale features of the aluminum surface. It should be noted that the instrumentation utilized provides up to 0.15 nm vertical precision. Hence, a predictive model can be developed with the purpose of determining how long the discharge gap length can remain within a reasonable range to sustain the plasma discharge across the electrodes. Toward the goal of engineering a plasma system which can be consistently deployed to decompose carbon dioxide, considerations on longevity of the electrodes and/or necessary maintenance can be a useful step in scaling these systems and preparing them for more widespread use. Results will include impact of the micro-discharge on the electrodes during typical treatment times of plasma decomposition of carbon dioxide.","PeriodicalId":103240,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE Pulsed Power & Plasma Science (PPPS)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124218084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-01DOI: 10.1109/PPPS34859.2019.9009684
A. Gertsman, Ze'ev Rubinstein, Moshe Hershkovitz
This paper presents a High Power Microwave (HPM) modulator. In general, HPM driver based on PFL or capacitor source coupled to the HPM device by high voltage transformer. In current application, due to requirement on ultra-fast rise time, these concepts are unacceptable. The proposed directly coupled HPM driver generates 30kV, 10A pulses with pulse width of 1µs and rise time under 100ns. In order to keep the design compact (portable application) solid-state switches and ceramic capacitors where used. Each stage draw power for the gate driver circuitry from the hold off voltage of the n-stage switch itself, reducing the need for additional floating power supplies. All power stage components were chosen through optimization procedure for further size and complexity reduction. To achieve the ultra-fast turn on and simultaneous operation of all stages a high voltage fast switching MOSFETs were used with a unique gate drive scheme. The design robustness made sure that even in the event of not fully simultaneous switching, the reliability would not be compromised.
{"title":"All solid state, ultra-fast turn-on time, compact Marx generator","authors":"A. Gertsman, Ze'ev Rubinstein, Moshe Hershkovitz","doi":"10.1109/PPPS34859.2019.9009684","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PPPS34859.2019.9009684","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a High Power Microwave (HPM) modulator. In general, HPM driver based on PFL or capacitor source coupled to the HPM device by high voltage transformer. In current application, due to requirement on ultra-fast rise time, these concepts are unacceptable. The proposed directly coupled HPM driver generates 30kV, 10A pulses with pulse width of 1µs and rise time under 100ns. In order to keep the design compact (portable application) solid-state switches and ceramic capacitors where used. Each stage draw power for the gate driver circuitry from the hold off voltage of the n-stage switch itself, reducing the need for additional floating power supplies. All power stage components were chosen through optimization procedure for further size and complexity reduction. To achieve the ultra-fast turn on and simultaneous operation of all stages a high voltage fast switching MOSFETs were used with a unique gate drive scheme. The design robustness made sure that even in the event of not fully simultaneous switching, the reliability would not be compromised.","PeriodicalId":103240,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE Pulsed Power & Plasma Science (PPPS)","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124341640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-01DOI: 10.1109/PPPS34859.2019.9009883
E. Rangel, J. O. Rossi, J. Barroso, Leandro C. Silva, L. R. Raimundi, F. S. Yamasaki, L. Neto, E. Schamiloglu
The generation of radiofrequency through Nonlinear Transmission Lines (NLTLs) have been investigated as an alternative way to build RF generators for application in a variety of areas such as telecommunication, medical and defensive electronic countermeasures systems. Two main configurations of NLTLs have been reported in the literature: the discrete lines that comprise a network of LC sections built with nonlinear components and a gyromagnetic line that consists of a coaxial transmission line loaded with ferrite-based magnetic cores. Gyromagnetic lines produce high voltage microwave oscillations with frequency ranging from few hundred of MHz up to less than 10 GHz, however, an external magnetic polarization is required. On the other hand, discrete lines are suitable for RF generation in a lower frequency range from a few MHz to hundreds of MHz, having a better prospect for the use in compact systems. Capacitive NLTLs require the use of voltage-dependent components such as a ceramic capacitor or varactor diodes. While lines built with ceramic capacitors show a maximum operating frequency around tens of MHz requiring high input voltage, the use of silicon varactors diodes allows the construction of low voltage lines. On the other hand, by using carbide silicon Schottky diodes, the output of capacitive NLTLs can reach a few kV. This paper presents some experimental results on the development of the capacitive NLTLs at the Plasma Laboratory (LABAP) of the National Institute for Space Research (INPE) in Brazil. The analysis of the experimental results points out that performance limits of capacitive NLTLs are closely related to the characteristics of the nonlinear component used in their construction, leading to the conclusion that an improvement of their performance requires the development of new nonlinear components that present simultaneously voltage-dependent nonlinear capacitance, low losses, and thermal stability.
{"title":"The Development of Capacitive Nonlinear Transmission Lines and Its Performance Limits","authors":"E. Rangel, J. O. Rossi, J. Barroso, Leandro C. Silva, L. R. Raimundi, F. S. Yamasaki, L. Neto, E. Schamiloglu","doi":"10.1109/PPPS34859.2019.9009883","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PPPS34859.2019.9009883","url":null,"abstract":"The generation of radiofrequency through Nonlinear Transmission Lines (NLTLs) have been investigated as an alternative way to build RF generators for application in a variety of areas such as telecommunication, medical and defensive electronic countermeasures systems. Two main configurations of NLTLs have been reported in the literature: the discrete lines that comprise a network of LC sections built with nonlinear components and a gyromagnetic line that consists of a coaxial transmission line loaded with ferrite-based magnetic cores. Gyromagnetic lines produce high voltage microwave oscillations with frequency ranging from few hundred of MHz up to less than 10 GHz, however, an external magnetic polarization is required. On the other hand, discrete lines are suitable for RF generation in a lower frequency range from a few MHz to hundreds of MHz, having a better prospect for the use in compact systems. Capacitive NLTLs require the use of voltage-dependent components such as a ceramic capacitor or varactor diodes. While lines built with ceramic capacitors show a maximum operating frequency around tens of MHz requiring high input voltage, the use of silicon varactors diodes allows the construction of low voltage lines. On the other hand, by using carbide silicon Schottky diodes, the output of capacitive NLTLs can reach a few kV. This paper presents some experimental results on the development of the capacitive NLTLs at the Plasma Laboratory (LABAP) of the National Institute for Space Research (INPE) in Brazil. The analysis of the experimental results points out that performance limits of capacitive NLTLs are closely related to the characteristics of the nonlinear component used in their construction, leading to the conclusion that an improvement of their performance requires the development of new nonlinear components that present simultaneously voltage-dependent nonlinear capacitance, low losses, and thermal stability.","PeriodicalId":103240,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE Pulsed Power & Plasma Science (PPPS)","volume":"222 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124400335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-01DOI: 10.1109/ppps34859.2019.9009751
D. Acosta-Lech, T. Houck, B. Mchale, M. Misch, Koby Sugihara
Amorphous metal magnetic cores are essential in developing pulse power systems due to their high magnetic saturation value. In order to operate in multipulse mode, the magnetic cores must provide enough volt-seconds before reaching saturation. They must prove to be reliable and to maintain little to no load loss during the high rate pulses. This paper presents the efforts to characterize the performance of various Metglas® cores at high magnetization rates and to use this data to develop models for simulation.
{"title":"Multi-Pulse Performace of Amorphous Metal Magnetic Cores at High Magnetization Rates","authors":"D. Acosta-Lech, T. Houck, B. Mchale, M. Misch, Koby Sugihara","doi":"10.1109/ppps34859.2019.9009751","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ppps34859.2019.9009751","url":null,"abstract":"Amorphous metal magnetic cores are essential in developing pulse power systems due to their high magnetic saturation value. In order to operate in multipulse mode, the magnetic cores must provide enough volt-seconds before reaching saturation. They must prove to be reliable and to maintain little to no load loss during the high rate pulses. This paper presents the efforts to characterize the performance of various Metglas® cores at high magnetization rates and to use this data to develop models for simulation.","PeriodicalId":103240,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE Pulsed Power & Plasma Science (PPPS)","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117329285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-01DOI: 10.1109/PPPS34859.2019.9009731
M. Kundrapu, A. Chap, Michel de Messieres, C. Corbella, M. Keidar
A two temperature model was used to simulate the arc discharge process used for synthesizing nanoparticles. A 60 A arc between graphite electrodes placed inside a sub atmospheric chamber was simulated. Helium was used as the background gas and the chamber pressure was 10 Torr. The ion current densities and temperatures in the vicinity of the arc were compared against the measurements.
{"title":"Two-Temperature Simulation of Subatmospheric Arc Discharge","authors":"M. Kundrapu, A. Chap, Michel de Messieres, C. Corbella, M. Keidar","doi":"10.1109/PPPS34859.2019.9009731","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PPPS34859.2019.9009731","url":null,"abstract":"A two temperature model was used to simulate the arc discharge process used for synthesizing nanoparticles. A 60 A arc between graphite electrodes placed inside a sub atmospheric chamber was simulated. Helium was used as the background gas and the chamber pressure was 10 Torr. The ion current densities and temperatures in the vicinity of the arc were compared against the measurements.","PeriodicalId":103240,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE Pulsed Power & Plasma Science (PPPS)","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123721569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-01DOI: 10.1109/PPPS34859.2019.9009637
K. Wright
Low temperature plasma micro-discharges in contact with aqueous solutions which include organic dyes are studied. Plasma treatment of samples over a duration of time encompassing one hour are observed. The Ultraviolet-visible (UV -Vis) spectrum of select samples is analyzed to assess and measure the change in organic dye content. Results are presented which indicate the efficacy of small scale plasma systems to oxidize organic matter in water. The color change in the water is observed and the associated changes in absorbance and reflectance are characterized. With the present system, dye-containing samples were made visibly clear during testing. Further tests with water treatment parameters such as total organic carbon are also being pursued. The efficacy of using plasmas for cleaning water, specifically related to the presence of oil in water is discussed.
{"title":"Plasma Water Treatment and Oxidation of Organic Matter in Water","authors":"K. Wright","doi":"10.1109/PPPS34859.2019.9009637","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PPPS34859.2019.9009637","url":null,"abstract":"Low temperature plasma micro-discharges in contact with aqueous solutions which include organic dyes are studied. Plasma treatment of samples over a duration of time encompassing one hour are observed. The Ultraviolet-visible (UV -Vis) spectrum of select samples is analyzed to assess and measure the change in organic dye content. Results are presented which indicate the efficacy of small scale plasma systems to oxidize organic matter in water. The color change in the water is observed and the associated changes in absorbance and reflectance are characterized. With the present system, dye-containing samples were made visibly clear during testing. Further tests with water treatment parameters such as total organic carbon are also being pursued. The efficacy of using plasmas for cleaning water, specifically related to the presence of oil in water is discussed.","PeriodicalId":103240,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE Pulsed Power & Plasma Science (PPPS)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125812674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-01DOI: 10.1109/PPPS34859.2019.9009717
M. Lara, J. Mayes
Applied Physical Electronics, L.C. (APELC) has designed and constructed an analog optical link with a bandwidth of 250 kHz to 6 GHz. The system is controlled from a Lab View -based remote platform that provides the user with control and monitoring of the system standby function, battery charge, temperature, and attenuation. The internal step attenuator provides 60 dB of dynamic range in 1 dB increments. Internal temperature compensation allows the system to operate without recalibrations in environments where the temperature fluctuates over a wide range in one day. The link is housed in a rugged and shielded enclosure for use in external environments with extremely high field strengths. This paper describes design considerations and performance of the system.
{"title":"Design and Performance of a 6 Ghz Analog Optical Link","authors":"M. Lara, J. Mayes","doi":"10.1109/PPPS34859.2019.9009717","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PPPS34859.2019.9009717","url":null,"abstract":"Applied Physical Electronics, L.C. (APELC) has designed and constructed an analog optical link with a bandwidth of 250 kHz to 6 GHz. The system is controlled from a Lab View -based remote platform that provides the user with control and monitoring of the system standby function, battery charge, temperature, and attenuation. The internal step attenuator provides 60 dB of dynamic range in 1 dB increments. Internal temperature compensation allows the system to operate without recalibrations in environments where the temperature fluctuates over a wide range in one day. The link is housed in a rugged and shielded enclosure for use in external environments with extremely high field strengths. This paper describes design considerations and performance of the system.","PeriodicalId":103240,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE Pulsed Power & Plasma Science (PPPS)","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125841826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-01DOI: 10.1109/PPPS34859.2019.9009908
J. Douglass, M. Cuneo, D. Jaramillo, O. Johns, M. Jones, D. Lucero, J. K. Moore, M. Sceiford, M. Kiefer, T. Mulville, M. Sullivan, B. Hutsel, R. Hohlfelder, J. Leckbee, B. Stoltzfus, M. Wisher, M. Savage, W. Stygar, E. Breden, J. Calhoun
Herein we describe the design, simulation and performance of a 118-GW linear transformer driver (LTD) cavity at Sandia National Laboratories. The cavity consists of 20 to 24 “Bricks”. Each brick is comprised of two 80 nF, 100 kV capacitors connected electrically in series with a custom, 200 kV, three-electrode, field-distortion gas switch. The brick capacitors are bi-polar charged to a total of 200 kV. Typical brick circuit parameters are 40 nF (two 80 nF capacitors in series) and 160 nH inductance. Over the course of over 10,000 shots the cavity generated a peak electrical current and power of 1.19 MA and 118 GW.
{"title":"Experimental Results from the 1.2 ma, 2.2 m Diameter Linear Transformer Driver at Sandia National Labs","authors":"J. Douglass, M. Cuneo, D. Jaramillo, O. Johns, M. Jones, D. Lucero, J. K. Moore, M. Sceiford, M. Kiefer, T. Mulville, M. Sullivan, B. Hutsel, R. Hohlfelder, J. Leckbee, B. Stoltzfus, M. Wisher, M. Savage, W. Stygar, E. Breden, J. Calhoun","doi":"10.1109/PPPS34859.2019.9009908","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PPPS34859.2019.9009908","url":null,"abstract":"Herein we describe the design, simulation and performance of a 118-GW linear transformer driver (LTD) cavity at Sandia National Laboratories. The cavity consists of 20 to 24 “Bricks”. Each brick is comprised of two 80 nF, 100 kV capacitors connected electrically in series with a custom, 200 kV, three-electrode, field-distortion gas switch. The brick capacitors are bi-polar charged to a total of 200 kV. Typical brick circuit parameters are 40 nF (two 80 nF capacitors in series) and 160 nH inductance. Over the course of over 10,000 shots the cavity generated a peak electrical current and power of 1.19 MA and 118 GW.","PeriodicalId":103240,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE Pulsed Power & Plasma Science (PPPS)","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125572506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-01DOI: 10.1109/ppps34859.2019.9009873
A. Elshafiey, J. Musk, S. Pikuz, T. Shelkovenko, D. Hammer
We are planning detailed spectroscopic studies of the X-ray bursts produced by hybrid X-pinches using ~20 ps time resolution X-ray streak cameras. The purpose is to investigate whether radiative collapse occurs in the micropinches that produce the X-ray bursts. In order to do that, we want 1 strong X-ray burst from the hybrid X-pinch at a time that is reproducible within ± 1 ns. As a first step, we have optimized Hybrid X-Pinches made of Al, Ag, Mo, and Ti by changing the gap distance between the two conical electrodes, keeping the mass per unit length constant across all the different materials. For all materials, 0.5-1.5 mm gap appears to be satisfactory to assure a single micropinch from a 250–300 kA, 50 ns rise time current pulse on the XP pulsed power generator. In addition, time resolved, and time-integrated X-ray spectroscopy was carried out on molybdenum wires coated with aluminum. General parameters were obtained such as; hotspot source size, radiated energy, x-rays energy spectrum and plasma density and temperature
我们正计划使用~ 20ps时间分辨率的x射线条纹相机对混合x射线夹击产生的x射线爆发进行详细的光谱研究。目的是研究在产生x射线爆发的微挤压中是否发生辐射坍缩。为了做到这一点，我们需要在±1ns内可重复的混合X-pinch中产生一次强x射线爆发。作为第一步，我们通过改变两个锥形电极之间的间隙距离，优化了由Al, Ag, Mo和Ti制成的混合X-Pinches，使所有不同材料的单位长度质量保持不变。对于所有材料，0.5-1.5毫米的间隙似乎是令人满意的，以确保从250-300 kA, 50 ns上升时间脉冲XP脉冲电源上的电流脉冲的一个微夹。此外，对镀铝钼丝进行了时间分辨和时间积分的x射线光谱分析。得到一般参数，如;热点源大小，辐射能量，x射线能谱和等离子体密度和温度
{"title":"Optimizing micropinches produced by Hybridx-Pinches for high time resolution X-Rayspectroscopy","authors":"A. Elshafiey, J. Musk, S. Pikuz, T. Shelkovenko, D. Hammer","doi":"10.1109/ppps34859.2019.9009873","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ppps34859.2019.9009873","url":null,"abstract":"We are planning detailed spectroscopic studies of the X-ray bursts produced by hybrid X-pinches using ~20 ps time resolution X-ray streak cameras. The purpose is to investigate whether radiative collapse occurs in the micropinches that produce the X-ray bursts. In order to do that, we want 1 strong X-ray burst from the hybrid X-pinch at a time that is reproducible within ± 1 ns. As a first step, we have optimized Hybrid X-Pinches made of Al, Ag, Mo, and Ti by changing the gap distance between the two conical electrodes, keeping the mass per unit length constant across all the different materials. For all materials, 0.5-1.5 mm gap appears to be satisfactory to assure a single micropinch from a 250–300 kA, 50 ns rise time current pulse on the XP pulsed power generator. In addition, time resolved, and time-integrated X-ray spectroscopy was carried out on molybdenum wires coated with aluminum. General parameters were obtained such as; hotspot source size, radiated energy, x-rays energy spectrum and plasma density and temperature","PeriodicalId":103240,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE Pulsed Power & Plasma Science (PPPS)","volume":"179 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126026412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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