Clinical and Experimental Dermatology最新文献

Background: Lichen planopilaris (LPP) is among the most common types of immune-mediated scarring alopecia. Observational studies have reported conflicting findings regarding the association of LPP with different comorbidities.

Objectives: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to elucidate the association between LPP and different cardiovascular and metabolic disorders.

Methods: We systematically searched four electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Embase and Cochrane Library) for relevant studies published from their inception to 1 August 2024. A random-effects model was used to perform a pooled analysis and calculate odds ratios or incidence rate ratios with 95% confidence intervals.

Results: The meta-analysis included 10 case-control studies involving 7516 patients with LPP and 64 719 097 controls. The results demonstrated no significant associations between LPP and hypertension, diabetes mellitus or hyperlipidaemia. The results of the pooled analyses also revealed that patients with LPP did not have significantly higher risks of obesity or heart failure than did controls. All pooled analyses revealed high levels of heterogeneity across the studies, but no significant publication bias was detected.

Conclusions: LPP is not significantly associated with most cardiovascular and metabolic disorders, including hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidaemia, obesity and heart failure.

Alopecia areata (AA) and coeliac disease (CD) are both common immune-mediated diseases. Despite increasing evidence of bidirectional associations between the two diseases, the data remain unclear and inconsistent. Here, we explored the association between AA and CD in a large representative population cohort. Patients diagnosed with AA between 2005 and 2019 were compared with age-matched and gender-matched healthy controls for coeliac autoimmunity. In total, 33 401 patients with AA and 66 802 controls were included in the analysis. Overall, 754 patients (0.75%) had CD. Compared with controls, CD prevalence was twofold higher among patients with AA (1.1% vs. 0.6%, odds ratio 1.95, 95% confidence interval 1.69-2.25). A higher prevalence of CD was observed in patients with AA among all age groups, with the highest risk in patients with AA who were aged 40 years or more. AA may be associated with a significantly increased risk of CD, suggesting the need for early diagnostic and preventive measures.

Background: Global and trichoscopic photography are fundamental in the clinical assessment of hair loss. At present, standardized protocols for hair loss photography are lacking.

Objectives: To create novel, pragmatic and flexible standardized photography protocols for hair loss that are practical to use for clinicians and medical photographers alike.

Methods: Published disease severity scales for a variety of hair loss conditions were utilized to create standardized photography protocols. These protocols were reviewed and refined by a national clinical working group of consultant dermatologists specializing in hair loss.

Results: Three main presentation-based protocols are provided, defined by the type of hair loss a patient may present with, including pattern loss, frontal fibrosing alopecia/traction alopecia, alopecia areata and other patchy hair loss disorders. Additional supplementary protocols facilitate further specific views for a variety of individualized clinical scenarios, based on user discretion.

Conclusions: We present novel, pragmatic, standardized photography protocols for hair loss disorders. These can be used by clinicians even where formal medical photography units are unavailable. Standardization allows for the creation of high-quality, informative images for objective assessment and monitoring of hair loss in clinical practice and in research settings.