{"title":"Dermoscopy: the dermatologist's stethoscope.","authors":"Stephen Hayes","doi":"10.1093/ced/llae241","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ced/llae241","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10324,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Dermatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141449867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Health inequities in medical documentation affecting people with skin of colour: nonspecific alopecia International Classification of Diseases codes.","authors":"Chrislene Olukoga, Supriya Chittajallu, Cameron Edwards, Maria Florentin, Navepreet Kaur, Josephine Pyles, Anita Haggstrom","doi":"10.1093/ced/llae094","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ced/llae094","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10324,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Dermatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140183879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Eric P McMullen, Yousif A Al Naser, Mahan Maazi, Rajan S Grewal, Dana Abdel Hafeez, Tia R Folino, Ronald B Vender
In dermatology, the applications of machine learning (ML), an artificial intelligence (AI) subset that enables machines to learn from experience, have progressed past the diagnosis and classification of skin lesions. A lack of systematic reviews exists to explore the role of ML in predicting the severity of psoriasis. This systematic review aims to identify and summarize the existing literature on predicting psoriasis severity using ML algorithms and identify gaps in current clinical applications of these tools. OVID Embase, OVID MEDLINE, ACM Digital Library, Scopus, and IEEE Xplore were searched from inception to August, 2024. A total of 30 articles met our inclusion criteria and were included in this review. One article used serum biomarkers, while the remaining 29 used image-based models. The most common severity assessment score employed by these ML models was the Psoriasis Area Severity Index score, followed by Body Surface Area, with fifteen and five articles, respectively. The small size and heterogeneity of the existing literature are the primary limitations of this review. Progress in assessing skin lesion severity through ML in dermatology has advanced, but prospective clinical applications remain limited. ML and AI promise to improve psoriasis management, especially in non-image-based applications requiring further exploration. Large-scale prospective trials using diverse image datasets are necessary to evaluate and predict the clinical value of these predictive AI models.
机器学习(ML)是人工智能(AI)的一个子集,可使机器从经验中学习,在皮肤病学中的应用已超越了皮损的诊断和分类。目前缺乏系统性综述来探讨 ML 在预测银屑病严重程度方面的作用。本系统性综述旨在识别和总结利用 ML 算法预测银屑病严重程度的现有文献,并找出这些工具在当前临床应用中的不足之处。从开始到 2024 年 8 月,我们检索了 OVID Embase、OVID MEDLINE、ACM 数字图书馆、Scopus 和 IEEE Xplore。共有 30 篇文章符合我们的纳入标准并被纳入本综述。其中一篇文章使用了血清生物标记物,其余 29 篇文章使用了基于图像的模型。这些 ML 模型最常用的严重程度评估评分是牛皮癣面积严重程度指数评分,其次是体表面积,分别有 15 篇和 5 篇文章采用。现有文献的篇幅较小和异质性是本综述的主要局限性。在皮肤病学领域,通过 ML 评估皮损严重程度的工作取得了进展,但前瞻性临床应用仍然有限。ML 和人工智能有望改善银屑病的管理,尤其是在非图像应用方面需要进一步探索。有必要使用各种图像数据集进行大规模前瞻性试验,以评估和预测这些预测性人工智能模型的临床价值。
{"title":"Predicting psoriasis severity using machine learning: A systematic review.","authors":"Eric P McMullen, Yousif A Al Naser, Mahan Maazi, Rajan S Grewal, Dana Abdel Hafeez, Tia R Folino, Ronald B Vender","doi":"10.1093/ced/llae348","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ced/llae348","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In dermatology, the applications of machine learning (ML), an artificial intelligence (AI) subset that enables machines to learn from experience, have progressed past the diagnosis and classification of skin lesions. A lack of systematic reviews exists to explore the role of ML in predicting the severity of psoriasis. This systematic review aims to identify and summarize the existing literature on predicting psoriasis severity using ML algorithms and identify gaps in current clinical applications of these tools. OVID Embase, OVID MEDLINE, ACM Digital Library, Scopus, and IEEE Xplore were searched from inception to August, 2024. A total of 30 articles met our inclusion criteria and were included in this review. One article used serum biomarkers, while the remaining 29 used image-based models. The most common severity assessment score employed by these ML models was the Psoriasis Area Severity Index score, followed by Body Surface Area, with fifteen and five articles, respectively. The small size and heterogeneity of the existing literature are the primary limitations of this review. Progress in assessing skin lesion severity through ML in dermatology has advanced, but prospective clinical applications remain limited. ML and AI promise to improve psoriasis management, especially in non-image-based applications requiring further exploration. Large-scale prospective trials using diverse image datasets are necessary to evaluate and predict the clinical value of these predictive AI models.</p>","PeriodicalId":10324,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Dermatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142035367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alexandro Bonifaz, María Alejandra Chacón-Ruiz, Javier Araiza, Leonel Fierro-Arias, Luis Miguel Moreno-López, David Chandler
{"title":"Tinea Capitis in the Elderly: Clinical experience of 36 cases in ten years.","authors":"Alexandro Bonifaz, María Alejandra Chacón-Ruiz, Javier Araiza, Leonel Fierro-Arias, Luis Miguel Moreno-López, David Chandler","doi":"10.1093/ced/llae354","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ced/llae354","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10324,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Dermatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142035369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Melasma is a common acquired hyperpigmentation disorder that predominantly affects females with skin of colour. It is difficult to treat and impacts on people's quality of life, owing to its predilection for the face. In addition to helping make the correct diagnosis, dermoscopy can assist in the exclusion of differential diagnoses, to inform treatment decision-making and to recognize treatment-related adverse effects.
{"title":"A comprehensive review of dermoscopy in melasma.","authors":"Nisal Punchihewa, Michelle Rodrigues","doi":"10.1093/ced/llad266","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ced/llad266","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Melasma is a common acquired hyperpigmentation disorder that predominantly affects females with skin of colour. It is difficult to treat and impacts on people's quality of life, owing to its predilection for the face. In addition to helping make the correct diagnosis, dermoscopy can assist in the exclusion of differential diagnoses, to inform treatment decision-making and to recognize treatment-related adverse effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":10324,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Dermatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10346303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dermoscopy is a noninvasive, efficient and inexpensive tool used to aid diagnosis of skin conditions such as vitiligo. Furthermore, it aids in tracking patient progress, treatment response and disease activity. Vitiligo can be diagnosed on dermoscopy by the presence of white structureless areas signifying hypopigmentation with a typical glowing appearance. Other typical features are perilesional and perifollicular hyperpigmentation, pigmentation networks and leucotrichia. In total, 15 studies were reviewed to determine the dermoscopic signs of the three main stages of disease activity: active, stable and repigmenting vitiligo. Features that differentiate active, stable and repigmenting vitiligo are reviewed and discussed in this article. Notably, there is a conflict in the literature between various dermoscopic features and which type of vitiligo they are truly indicative of. However, dermoscopy can be coupled with other clinical, biological and physiological markers to strengthen diagnostic accuracy.
{"title":"Dermoscopy in vitiligo, diagnostic clues and markers of disease activity: a review of the literature.","authors":"Yebin Yang, Samuel Morriss, Michelle Rodrigues","doi":"10.1093/ced/llad365","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ced/llad365","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dermoscopy is a noninvasive, efficient and inexpensive tool used to aid diagnosis of skin conditions such as vitiligo. Furthermore, it aids in tracking patient progress, treatment response and disease activity. Vitiligo can be diagnosed on dermoscopy by the presence of white structureless areas signifying hypopigmentation with a typical glowing appearance. Other typical features are perilesional and perifollicular hyperpigmentation, pigmentation networks and leucotrichia. In total, 15 studies were reviewed to determine the dermoscopic signs of the three main stages of disease activity: active, stable and repigmenting vitiligo. Features that differentiate active, stable and repigmenting vitiligo are reviewed and discussed in this article. Notably, there is a conflict in the literature between various dermoscopic features and which type of vitiligo they are truly indicative of. However, dermoscopy can be coupled with other clinical, biological and physiological markers to strengthen diagnostic accuracy.</p>","PeriodicalId":10324,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Dermatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139402051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gloria Juan-Carpena, Natividad Martínez-Banaclocha, Juan Carlos Palazón-Cabanes, María Niveiro-de Jaime, Isabel Betlloch-Mas, Mar Blanes-Martínez
Background: Clinicians are increasingly prescribing immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) to treat cancer, but the real-world incidence, characteristics and risk factors of cutaneous immune-related adverse events (cirAEs) are unclear.
Objectives: To determine the incidence, features and risk factors of cirAEs and to measure their possible association with extracutaneous toxicity.
Methods: We conducted a prospective observational study in a Spanish tertiary care hospital, including people who started an ICI between March 2020 and May 2022. We used a survival analysis and a log-rank test to obtain and compare incidence rates, and a multivariate Cox model to detect risk factors for cirAEs.
Results: We included 189 patients, 82 (43.4%) of whom presented cutaneous toxicity. The incidence of cirAEs was 75.0 per 100 person-years, with a 50.0% probability of the appearance of a cirAE at 10 months of follow-up. The most frequent cirAE category was inflammatory dermatoses, and the most frequent types were pruritus, eczema and maculopapular eruptions. ICI combination therapy, a family history of psoriasis and rheumatological and pulmonary immune-related adverse events increased the risk of cirAEs.
Conclusions: We found a high incidence of cirAEs, and they occurred early in the follow-up period. Dermatologists should be involved in the management of cirAEs, especially in people with risk factors.
{"title":"Cutaneous immune-related adverse events: incidence rates, risk factors and association with extracutaneous toxicity - a prospective study of 189 patients treated with checkpoint inhibitors at a Spanish tertiary care hospital.","authors":"Gloria Juan-Carpena, Natividad Martínez-Banaclocha, Juan Carlos Palazón-Cabanes, María Niveiro-de Jaime, Isabel Betlloch-Mas, Mar Blanes-Martínez","doi":"10.1093/ced/llae060","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ced/llae060","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Clinicians are increasingly prescribing immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) to treat cancer, but the real-world incidence, characteristics and risk factors of cutaneous immune-related adverse events (cirAEs) are unclear.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To determine the incidence, features and risk factors of cirAEs and to measure their possible association with extracutaneous toxicity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a prospective observational study in a Spanish tertiary care hospital, including people who started an ICI between March 2020 and May 2022. We used a survival analysis and a log-rank test to obtain and compare incidence rates, and a multivariate Cox model to detect risk factors for cirAEs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We included 189 patients, 82 (43.4%) of whom presented cutaneous toxicity. The incidence of cirAEs was 75.0 per 100 person-years, with a 50.0% probability of the appearance of a cirAE at 10 months of follow-up. The most frequent cirAE category was inflammatory dermatoses, and the most frequent types were pruritus, eczema and maculopapular eruptions. ICI combination therapy, a family history of psoriasis and rheumatological and pulmonary immune-related adverse events increased the risk of cirAEs.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We found a high incidence of cirAEs, and they occurred early in the follow-up period. Dermatologists should be involved in the management of cirAEs, especially in people with risk factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":10324,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Dermatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139899492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohamed Hussein Medhat El-Komy, Khadiga S Sayed, Gehad Gawish, Menatallah Mohamed Elaguizy, Yousra Azzazi
Background: Psoriasis is a common chronic, immune-mediated inflammatory skin disease. Despite the availability of several systemic therapeutic agents, treatment of psoriasis remains a challenge because of the associated adverse effects and/or the financial burden of these medications, given the chronicity of the disease.
Objectives: We aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of combined pulse azathioprine (AZA) and low-dose methotrexate (MTX) vs. a conventional dose of MTX in patients with chronic plaque psoriasis.
Methods: In this randomized controlled trial, 67 patients with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis were randomized into two groups, receiving either combined pulse AZA (300 mg weekly dose) and low-dose MTX (10 mg weekly) or conventional-dose MTX (0.3 mg kg-1 per week) for 16 weeks. Patients were assessed for treatment response using the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) score and for the development of any adverse effects at weeks 12 and 16, and for a further 3 months after stopping treatment.
Results: A statistically significantly higher proportion of the patients receiving combined pulse AZA and low-dose MTX achieved ≥ 90% improvement in PASI and 100% improvement (PASI 100) at week 12, and PASI 100 at week 16, compared with those receiving the conventional dose of MTX as monotherapy. No serious adverse events were reported during the entire study period in the two groups.
Conclusions: Combination therapy using pulse AZA and low-dose MTX can be an efficacious treatment for moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis, with a relatively good safety profile.
{"title":"Pulse azathioprine and low-dose methotrexate vs. standard-dose methotrexate in treatment of patients with moderate-to-severe psoriasis: a randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Mohamed Hussein Medhat El-Komy, Khadiga S Sayed, Gehad Gawish, Menatallah Mohamed Elaguizy, Yousra Azzazi","doi":"10.1093/ced/llae078","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ced/llae078","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Psoriasis is a common chronic, immune-mediated inflammatory skin disease. Despite the availability of several systemic therapeutic agents, treatment of psoriasis remains a challenge because of the associated adverse effects and/or the financial burden of these medications, given the chronicity of the disease.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>We aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of combined pulse azathioprine (AZA) and low-dose methotrexate (MTX) vs. a conventional dose of MTX in patients with chronic plaque psoriasis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this randomized controlled trial, 67 patients with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis were randomized into two groups, receiving either combined pulse AZA (300 mg weekly dose) and low-dose MTX (10 mg weekly) or conventional-dose MTX (0.3 mg kg-1 per week) for 16 weeks. Patients were assessed for treatment response using the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) score and for the development of any adverse effects at weeks 12 and 16, and for a further 3 months after stopping treatment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A statistically significantly higher proportion of the patients receiving combined pulse AZA and low-dose MTX achieved ≥ 90% improvement in PASI and 100% improvement (PASI 100) at week 12, and PASI 100 at week 16, compared with those receiving the conventional dose of MTX as monotherapy. No serious adverse events were reported during the entire study period in the two groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Combination therapy using pulse AZA and low-dose MTX can be an efficacious treatment for moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis, with a relatively good safety profile.</p>","PeriodicalId":10324,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Dermatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140101145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Dermatology clinic attendance rates: does the content of an SMS reminder make a difference?","authors":"Namiz Damani, Nawar Saffar, Paul D Yesudian","doi":"10.1093/ced/llae104","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ced/llae104","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10324,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Dermatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140287019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Li Jie Helena Yoo, Cristina Grechin, Nicola Kearney, Emily Orr, Stephanie L Ryan, Marina O'Kane
{"title":"Navigating through the challenges of bullous pemphigoid and breast cancer in older adults.","authors":"Li Jie Helena Yoo, Cristina Grechin, Nicola Kearney, Emily Orr, Stephanie L Ryan, Marina O'Kane","doi":"10.1093/ced/llae111","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ced/llae111","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10324,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Dermatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140317907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}