Chinese Journal of Physics最新文献

英文中文

Efficient Multi-party Quantum Secret-Sharing Protocol 高效的多方量子秘密共享协议

IF 4.6 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Chinese Journal of Physics

Pub Date : 2024-10-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjph.2024.10.008

Xiangjun Xin , Fan He , Shujing Qiu , Chaoyang Li , Fagen Li

Context

Quantum secret sharing allows one secret dealer to divide his/her secret among different participants. Only when all the participants pool their secret pieces together can the secret be reconstructed. Quantum secret-sharing protocol can provide high security for users who need to share some secret information among some partners. It is also a useful tool in many applications such as secure operations of joint sharing of quantum money, sharing ancilla states, and distributed quantum computation.

Objective

We propose a novel multi-party quantum secret-sharing protocol (MPQSSP).

Methods

In our protocol, the dealer mixes the particle sequence of the Bell states and sends the sequence to the participants. The participants encode their secret pieces into Pauli operators, which are applied to the received particle sequence. After annularly transmitting and operating the particle sequence, the participants return the particle sequence to the dealer, who can share a secret with the partners by measuring the returned sequence with the Bell basis.

Results

The proposed MPQSSP has the merits as follows. First, its qubit efficiency can be 100% when the sample bits of the secret and the corresponding sample qubits are ignored (In our protocol when the qubit efficiency is computed, the sample bits and the corresponding Bell states used to check eavesdropping are ignored). Second, it can protect participants' privacy and interests, since the dealer cannot derive the secret piece of any participant although he/she masters the secret. Third, the participants need not perform many quantum operations and measurements to check the eavesdropping, which helps improve the efficiency of the protocol. Fourth, compared with most of the similar MPQSSPs, the quantum resources of the proposed one are relatively easier to prepare. At last, the proposed protocol has the security against various eavesdropping attacks.

Conclusion

The merits above show that Our MPQSSP is relatively more practical and efficient than similar ones.

上下文量子秘密共享允许一个秘密交易者将他/她的秘密分给不同的参与者。只有当所有参与者将他们的秘密碎片集中在一起时，才能重建秘密。量子秘密共享协议可以为需要在一些合作伙伴之间共享一些秘密信息的用户提供高安全性。我们提出了一种新颖的多方量子秘密共享协议（MPQSSP）。在我们的协议中，交易者混合贝尔态的粒子序列，并将序列发送给参与者。参与者将自己的秘密片段编码成保利算子，应用于接收到的粒子序列。在环形传输和操作粒子序列后，参与者将粒子序列返回给交易者，交易者可以通过用贝尔基测量返回的序列来与合作伙伴共享秘密。首先，当忽略秘密的采样比特和相应的采样比特时，其量子比特效率可达 100%（在我们的协议中，计算量子比特效率时，用于检查窃听的采样比特和相应的贝尔态被忽略）。其次，它可以保护参与者的隐私和利益，因为庄家虽然掌握了任何参与者的秘密，但却无法推导出他/她的秘密片段。第三，参与者不需要执行很多量子操作和测量来检查窃听，这有助于提高协议的效率。第四，与大多数类似的 MPQSSP 相比，拟议协议的量子资源相对更容易准备。最后，本文提出的协议具有抵御各种窃听攻击的安全性。

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引用次数: 0

Meta-optics empowered by all-silicon quarter-wave plates for generating focused vortex beams 利用全硅四分之一波板产生聚焦涡流光束的元光学技术

IF 4.6 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Chinese Journal of Physics

Pub Date : 2024-10-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjph.2024.10.005

Hui Li , Jie Li , Chenhui Zhao , Chenglong Zheng , Hang Xu , Wenhui Xu , Qi Tan , Chunyu Song , Yun Shen , Jianquan Yao

The Poynting vector associated with the focused vortex beam (FVB) that carries orbital angular momentum (OAM) is oriented in a twisted manner relative to the principal axis of propagation. This characteristic has significant applications in advanced fields, including high-dimensional information processing, high-resolution imaging, and particle manipulation. Currently, complex optical systems that operate on alignment principles for generating FVBs have been miniaturized by metasurfaces, resulting in the achievement of polarization-dependent vectorized behavior. Nevertheless, generating and manipulating FVBs that carry OAM in the terahertz (THz) range remains a significant challenge. This difficulty arises particularly when utilizing quarter-wave plates (QWPs) that serve both polarization conversion and polarization filtering functions. Here, we experimentally demonstrate a planar all-dielectric array capable of generating FVBs with high power density within a single-handed circularly polarized channel. Engineered QWP meta-atoms are utilized as candidates for the efficient generation of the desired FVB through the application of dynamic phase gradients. A series of samples were fabricated to assess the effectiveness of this design strategy in converting an incident linearly polarized THz beam into arbitrary single-handed circularly polarized FVBs. Leveraging the high degree of freedom inherent in polarization multiplexing coding, the proposed QWP metasurface can generate FVBs exhibiting topological charge evolution along the longitudinal direction. This capability further underscores its robust polarization modulation proficiency. This work presents a generalized framework for the polarization-dependent generation of ultracompact structural optical fields, which may have potential applications in highly integrated THz communication systems.

与携带轨道角动量（OAM）的聚焦涡流束（FVB）相关的波因特矢量相对于传播主轴是以扭曲的方式定向的。这一特性在高维信息处理、高分辨率成像和粒子操纵等先进领域有着重要应用。目前，利用对准原理产生 FVB 的复杂光学系统已经通过元表面实现了微型化，从而实现了偏振相关的矢量化行为。然而，在太赫兹（THz）范围内生成和操纵携带 OAM 的 FVB 仍然是一项重大挑战。尤其是在利用同时具有偏振转换和偏振滤波功能的四分之一波板（QWP）时，这种困难就更大了。在此，我们通过实验展示了一种平面全介质阵列，它能够在单手圆极化通道内产生高功率密度的 FVB。通过应用动态相位梯度，工程化 QWP 元原子被用作高效生成所需 FVB 的候选材料。我们制作了一系列样品，以评估这种设计策略在将入射线性极化太赫兹光束转换为任意单手圆极化 FVB 方面的有效性。利用极化复用编码固有的高自由度，所提出的 QWP 元表面可以产生沿纵向呈现拓扑电荷演化的 FVB。这种能力进一步凸显了其强大的极化调制能力。这项研究提出了一个根据偏振产生超小型结构光场的通用框架，它可能会在高度集成的太赫兹通信系统中得到潜在应用。

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引用次数: 0

Hetero-Bäcklund transformation, bilinear forms and multi-solitons for a (2＋1)-dimensional generalized modified dispersive water-wave system for the shallow water 浅水（2＋1）维广义修正分散水波系统的异贝克兰德变换、双线性形式和多索利子

IF 4.6 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Chinese Journal of Physics

Pub Date : 2024-10-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjph.2024.10.004

Xin-Yi Gao

This shallow-water-directed paper plans to consider a (2＋1)-dimensional generalized modified dispersive water-wave (2DGMDWW) system, which describes the nonlinear and dispersive long gravity waves travelling along two horizontal directions in the shallow water of uniform depth. With symbolic computation, (1) a hetero-Bäcklund transformation is constructed, coupling the solutions as for the 2DGMDWW system with the solutions as for a known (2＋1)-dimensional Boiti-Leon-Pempinelli system describing the water waves in an infinitely narrow channel of constant depth, with that hetero-Bäcklund transformation dependent on the shallow-water coefficients in the 2DGMDWW system, with the former solutions indicating certain shallow-water-wave patterns for the height of the water surface and the horizontal velocity of the water wave, while with the latter solutions related to the horizontal velocity and elevation of the water wave; (2) two sets of the bilinear forms are obtained, each set of which is shown to depend on the shallow-water coefficients in the 2DGMDWW system and to be linked to certain shallow-water-wave patterns for the height of the water surface and the horizontal velocity of the water wave; and (3) two sets of the

N

-soliton solutions are also worked out, each set of which is seen to rely on the shallow-water coefficients in the 2DGMDWW system and to represent the existence of

N

-solitonic shallow-water-wave patterns with respect to the height of the water surface and the horizontal velocity of the water wave, with

N

as a positive integer.

这篇面向浅水区的论文计划研究一个（2＋1）维广义修正色散水波（2DGMDWW）系统，该系统描述了在均匀深度的浅水区沿两个水平方向传播的非线性色散长重力波。通过符号计算，(1) 构建了一个异-贝克隆变换，将 2DGMDWW 系统的解与已知的 (2＋1)-dimensional Boiti-Leon-Pempinelli 系统的解结合起来，后者描述了深度不变的无限窄水道中的水波、前者的解表明了水面高度和水波水平速度的某些浅水波模式，而后者的解则与水波的水平速度和高程有关；(2) 得到两组双线性形式，每组双线性形式都与 2DGMDWW 系统中的浅水系数有关，并与水面高度和水波水平速度的某些浅水波形有关；(3) 还计算了两组 N 叠加解，每组都依赖于 2DGMDWW 系统中的浅水系数，并表示在水面高度和水波水平速度方面存在 N 叠加浅水波模式，N 为正整数。

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引用次数: 0

Conserved mutual information for discrete and continuous variables in dilaton black hole 稀拉顿黑洞中离散变量和连续变量的守恒互信息

IF 4.6 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Chinese Journal of Physics

Pub Date : 2024-10-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjph.2024.09.039

Shu-Min Wu , Xiao-Wei Teng , Hao-Yu Wu , Jin-Xuan Li , Xiao-Li Huang , Rui Bao

The information paradox of black holes has always been a hot topic at the forefront of theoretical physics. In this paper, we aim to understand the information paradox of the dilaton black hole from the perspective of the total correlation quantified by mutual information between the initial subsystems

A

and

B

. We find that the dilaton gravity can redistribute initial mutual information for discrete and continuous variables between the subsystems

A

and

B

, but cannot redistribute initial entanglement. Interestingly, the sum of physically accessible and inaccessible mutual information is equal to the initial mutual information. Therefore, physically accessible mutual information is transformed into physically inaccessible mutual information by the dilaton gravity of the black hole. From the perspective of mutual information, the information of black holes is conserved and not lost.

黑洞的信息悖论一直是理论物理学前沿的热门话题。本文旨在从初始子系统 A 和 B 之间以互信息量化的总相关性的角度来理解稀拉顿黑洞的信息悖论。我们发现，稀拉顿引力可以重新分配子系统 A 和 B 之间离散变量和连续变量的初始互信息，但不能重新分配初始纠缠。有趣的是，物理上可获取的互信息与不可获取的互信息之和等于初始互信息。因此，在黑洞的稀释引力作用下，物理上可获取的互信息会转化为物理上不可获取的互信息。从互信息的角度来看，黑洞的信息是守恒的，不会丢失。

引用次数: 0

Quantum improved regular Kerr black holes 量子改进型常规克尔黑洞

IF 4.6 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Chinese Journal of Physics

Pub Date : 2024-10-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjph.2024.10.001

Chiang-Mei Chen , Yi Chen , Akihiro Ishibashi , Nobuyoshi Ohta

We study the quantum improvement of Kerr black holes with mass-dependent scale identifications in asymptotically safe gravity. We find that a physically sensible identification can only be a function of

M r

and the area

A = 4 π (r^{2} + a^{2})

where

M

is the mass of the black hole and

a

is an angular momentum parameter. We then discuss various properties of the rotating quantum black holes for a simple choice of the identification. We show that the resulting regular rotating black holes have the following nice properties: (i) admitting a consistent black hole thermodynamics at the horizon, (ii) resolving the ring singularity, (iii) partially eliminating closed time-like curves present in the classical Kerr black holes.

我们研究了在渐近安全引力下具有质量依赖尺度识别的克尔黑洞的量子改进。我们发现，物理上合理的识别只能是 Mr 和面积 A=4π(r2+a2) 的函数，其中 M 是黑洞质量，a 是角动量参数。然后，我们讨论了简单选择标识的旋转量子黑洞的各种特性。我们证明，由此产生的规则旋转黑洞具有以下良好特性：(i) 在视界处允许一致的黑洞热力学；(ii) 解决了环奇点；(iii) 部分消除了经典克尔黑洞中存在的封闭时间样曲线。

引用次数: 0

Flux dynamics, anisotropy in Jc and vortex phase diagram of H+-intercalated FeSe single crystal H+互层 FeSe 单晶的通量动力学、Jc 各向异性和涡旋相图

IF 4.6 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Chinese Journal of Physics

Pub Date : 2024-10-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjph.2024.09.042

Zhiwei Wen , Tao Jia , Yusen Xiao , Yuxian Wu , Yong Li , Shulong Li , Yajing Cui , Ruidan Zhong , Yongliang Chen , Cuihua Cheng , Yong Zhao

This paper investigates the superconductivity, pinning, and vortex dynamics of FeSe before and after protonation. The study shows that, after being protonated, FeSe's superconducting critical temperature T_c has been increased to more than 40 K and the critical current density J_c has also been increased from 2.1 × 10⁴ A/cm² to 1.2 × 10⁶ A/cm², with significantly larger magnetic relaxation rates (Q). Meanwhile, the critical current density anisotropy (γ) decreases substantially while the upper critical field H_c2 increases from 13 T to 91 T after protonation. In addition, the reasons for the absence of the second peak effect in H_x-FeSe were explored. This investigation also reveals the existence of the vortex phase transition associated with the pinning behavior in protonated FeSe, demonstrated by the foot-like characteristics of resistivity. Based on these results, the vortex phase diagrams of FeSe before and after protonation were established. These findings provide important insights for exploring new high-temperature superconductors and their magnetic flux dynamics through protonation.

本文研究了质子化前后 FeSe 的超导性、钉扎和涡旋动力学。研究表明，质子化后，FeSe 的超导临界温度 Tc 提高到 40 K 以上，临界电流密度 Jc 也从 2.1 × 104 A/cm2提高到 1.2 × 106 A/cm2，磁弛豫速率 (Q) 明显增大。同时，临界电流密度各向异性（γ）大幅降低，而质子化后的上临界磁场 Hc2 从 13 T 增加到 91 T。此外，还探讨了 Hx-FeSe 中没有第二峰效应的原因。这项研究还揭示了质子化 FeSe 中存在与引脚行为相关的涡相转变，电阻率的脚状特征证明了这一点。基于这些结果，建立了质子化前后 FeSe 的涡旋相图。这些发现为通过质子化探索新型高温超导体及其磁通动态提供了重要见解。

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引用次数: 0

Impact of flexible walls of curved channel on biological flow of Reiner–Rivlin fluid 弯曲通道的柔性壁对 Reiner-Rivlin 流体生物流动的影响

IF 4.6 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Chinese Journal of Physics

Pub Date : 2024-10-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjph.2024.09.045

S. Hina

In this study, the Reiner–Rivlin fluid model is opted for examination as the complex dynamical fluid and is flowing on account of the waves travelling on the walls of flexible curved channel. The governing equations are solved analytically up to the first order to analyse the velocity profiles. As the governing equation is highly nonlinear, so the problem is solved by regular perturbation technique about small wave number. After the implication of regular perturbation, the second order Cauchy Euler ordinary differential equations are obtained for both the systems. A detailed analysis is conducted on the effects of diverse factors, such as the rheological properties of fluid, the curvature radius of the channel, the wave amplitude and the wall properties. The velocity of the fluid enhanced by increasing wall properties parameters, wave number, Reynolds number and the amplitude ratio parameter. It is also observed that the Reiner–Rivlin fluid flows slowly as compare to the Newtonian fluid, this type of findings can be helpful for the understanding of many physiological processes, like blood flow and food swallowing. This study enlightens the interaction between the curved nature of the channel and Reiner–Rivlin fluid flow in peristalsis that can be a great contribution for the designing of biomedical devices. Such types of problems have great significance in many physiological processes and engineering applications like microfluidic devices and drug delivery systems.

本研究选择 Reiner-Rivlin 流体模型作为复杂动力流体进行研究，并考虑到波浪在柔性弯曲水道壁上的流动。为分析速度剖面，对治理方程进行了一阶解析求解。由于控制方程是高度非线性的，因此采用小波数的正则扰动技术来求解。经过正则扰动的影响，得到了两个系统的二阶 Cauchy Euler 常微分方程。详细分析了流体流变特性、通道曲率半径、波幅和壁面特性等不同因素的影响。流体速度随着壁面特性参数、波数、雷诺数和振幅比参数的增加而提高。研究还发现，与牛顿流体相比，雷纳-里夫林流体的流动速度较慢，这类发现有助于理解许多生理过程，如血液流动和食物吞咽。这项研究揭示了蠕动过程中通道的弯曲性质与莱纳-里夫林流体流动之间的相互作用，这对生物医学设备的设计大有裨益。这类问题在许多生理过程和工程应用（如微流体设备和药物输送系统）中具有重要意义。

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引用次数: 0

Entanglement, quantum steering, and Bell nonlocality in the Tavis–Cummings system 塔维斯-康明斯系统中的纠缠、量子转向和贝尔非位置性

IF 4.6 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Chinese Journal of Physics

Pub Date : 2024-10-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjph.2024.09.040

Biao-Liang Ye

In this work, we focus on quantum correlations, specifically entanglement, quantum steering, and Bell nonlocality within the Tavis–Cummings model. This study investigates these quantum correlations in the context of various fields existing in the cavity. The findings reveal the hierarchy of quantum correlations—entanglement, quantum steering, and Bell nonlocality—in two two-level atoms under the influence of thermal, coherent, and squeezed vacuum states. The dynamic process demonstrates certain oscillations, with particular emphasis on the presence of asymmetric quantum steering.

在这项工作中，我们重点研究量子相关性，特别是塔维斯-康明斯模型中的纠缠、量子转向和贝尔非局域性。这项研究结合空腔中存在的各种场来研究这些量子相关性。研究结果揭示了在热态、相干态和挤压真空态的影响下，两个两级原子中量子关联的层次结构--纠缠、量子转向和贝尔非局域性。动态过程显示出一定的振荡，特别强调非对称量子转向的存在。

引用次数: 0

Citation analysis on publications from Academia Sinica 中央研究院出版物的引文分析

IF 4.6 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Chinese Journal of Physics

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjph.2024.09.037

Ding-wei Huang

This study employs the Web of Science to examine patterns and trends in Academia Sinica’s scholarly publications, aiming to offer insights into both the quantity and quality of its research output. Initial findings reveal trends such as saturation in paper counts, increase in citation counts, diversification of journals, shifts in prominent research areas, widening disciplinary variances, and an evolving landscape of collaborations. Although the study does not differentiate among Academia Sinica’s three divisions, specific results related to the Institute of Physics will be addressed. Additionally, comparisons with other research institutes will be explored.

本研究利用 "科学网"（Web of Science）研究中央研究院学术出版物的模式和趋势，旨在深入了解其研究成果的数量和质量。初步发现的趋势包括论文数量饱和、引用次数增加、期刊多样化、主要研究领域转移、学科差异扩大以及合作格局不断变化。虽然这项研究没有对中央研究院的三个部门进行区分，但将讨论与物理研究所有关的具体结果。此外，还将探讨与其他研究机构的比较。

引用次数: 0

Study on highly selective NO2 gas sensors based on (Fe, Mo)-doped monolayer WSe2 基于（铁、钼）掺杂单层 WSe2 的高选择性二氧化氮气体传感器研究

IF 4.6 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Chinese Journal of Physics

Pub Date : 2024-09-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjph.2024.09.044

Li Ye, Yongchao Liang

The two-dimensional (2D) material WSe₂ is frequently employed in gas sensors due to its excellent electrical properties. However, the weak interaction between the pristine WSe₂ and gas molecules limits its application. Therefore, in this paper, the adsorption behavior of transition metal X (X = Fe, Mo) atom-doped monolayers WSe₂ on H and O atoms and molecules of NO₂, HCN, and CO gases is investigated to gain insights into the physical mechanisms of adsorbent-substrate interactions. Doping significantly improves the adsorption properties between the substrate and the gas molecules, with the best adsorption showing for NO₂ gas molecules and O atoms. The relationship between transition metals and the improvement of adsorption performance is explored by the center position of transition metal d orbitals in different systems, and it is found that the higher the center position of the transition metal d band, the stronger the adsorption between adsorbent and substrate. Compared to pristine WSe₂, Mo atom doping in the transition metal doped system has higher adsorption sensitivity to gas molecules and exhibits highly selective adsorption and chemisorption behaviors through high adsorption energies and electron transfer to NO₂ molecules. It is demonstrated that X (X = Fe, Mo) doped WSe₂ can be used as a gas-sensitive material for efficient gas detection.

二维（2D）材料 WSe2 因其出色的电学特性而经常被用于气体传感器。然而，原始 WSe2 与气体分子之间的微弱相互作用限制了它的应用。因此，本文研究了掺杂过渡金属 X（X = Fe、Mo）原子的单层 WSe2 对 H 原子、O 原子以及 NO2、HCN 和 CO 气体分子的吸附行为，以深入了解吸附剂与基底相互作用的物理机制。掺杂明显改善了基底与气体分子之间的吸附特性，其中对 NO2 气体分子和 O 原子的吸附效果最佳。通过过渡金属 d 轨道在不同体系中的中心位置探讨了过渡金属与吸附性能改善之间的关系，发现过渡金属 d 带的中心位置越高，吸附剂与基底之间的吸附越强。与原始 WSe2 相比，过渡金属掺杂体系中掺杂的 Mo 原子对气体分子具有更高的吸附灵敏度，并通过高吸附能和对 NO2 分子的电子转移表现出高选择性的吸附和化学吸附行为。实验证明，掺杂 X（X = Fe、Mo）的 WSe2 可用作高效气体检测的气敏材料。

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