Pub Date : 2023-12-14DOI: 10.1088/0256-307x/40/12/127402
Long Xiong, Ming Gong, ZhaoXiang Fang, Rui Sun
3D degenerate Fermi gases in the presence of spin-orbit coupling, inducing various kinds of physical findings and phenomena, have attracted tremendous attention in these years. Here, we investigate the 3D spin-orbit Coupled degenerate Fermi gases in theory and first present the analytic expression of its ground state. Besides, our study have provided an innovative perspective into understanding the topological properties of a 3D unconventional superconductors, and described the topological phase transitions in trivial and topological phase areas, respectively. Further, such system is provided with a richer set of Cooper pairings than traditional superconductors; the dual Cooper pairs with same spin directions emerge and exhibit peculiar behaviors, leading to topological phase transitions. Our study and discussion can be generalized to some other types of unconventional superconductors and the areas of optical lattices.
{"title":"The ground state and its topological properties of 3D spin-orbit Coupled Degenerate Fermi Gases","authors":"Long Xiong, Ming Gong, ZhaoXiang Fang, Rui Sun","doi":"10.1088/0256-307x/40/12/127402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/0256-307x/40/12/127402","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 3D degenerate Fermi gases in the presence of spin-orbit coupling, inducing various kinds of physical findings and phenomena, have attracted tremendous attention in these years. Here, we investigate the 3D spin-orbit Coupled degenerate Fermi gases in theory and first present the analytic expression of its ground state. Besides, our study have provided an innovative perspective into understanding the topological properties of a 3D unconventional superconductors, and described the topological phase transitions in trivial and topological phase areas, respectively. Further, such system is provided with a richer set of Cooper pairings than traditional superconductors; the dual Cooper pairs with same spin directions emerge and exhibit peculiar behaviors, leading to topological phase transitions. Our study and discussion can be generalized to some other types of unconventional superconductors and the areas of optical lattices.","PeriodicalId":10344,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Physics Letters","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138972248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this paper, a quasi-phase-matched (QPM) technique is introduced for soliton transmission in a quadratic (x (2)) nonlinear crystal to realize stable transmission of dipole solitons in one-dimensional (1D) space under three-wave mixing. We report four types of solitons as dipole solitons with distances between their bimodal peaks that can be laid out in different stripes. We study three cases of these solitons: spaced three stripes apart, one stripe apart, and confined to the same stripe. For the case of three stripes apart, all four types have stable results, but for the case of one stripe apart, stable solutions can only be found at w 1 = w 2, and for the condition of dipole solitons confined to one stripe, stable solutions exist only for Type1 and Type3 at w 1 = w 2. The stability of the soliton solution is solved and verified using the imaginary time propagation (ITP) method and real-time transfer propagation (RTP), and soliton solutions are shown to exist in the multistability case. In addition, the relations of the transportation characteristics of the dipole soliton and the modulation parameters are numerically investigated. Finally, possible approaches for experimental realization of the solitons are outlined.
本文针对二次（x (2)）非线性晶体中的孤子传输引入了准相位匹配（QPM）技术，以实现三波混合条件下一维（1D）空间中偶极孤子的稳定传输。我们报告了四种类型的偶极孤子，它们的双峰之间的距离可以布置成不同的条纹。我们研究了这些孤子的三种情况：相距三个条纹、相距一个条纹和局限于同一条纹。对于间隔三个条纹的情况，所有四种类型都有稳定的结果，但对于间隔一个条纹的情况，只有在 w 1 = w 2 时才能找到稳定的解，而对于偶极孤子局限于一个条纹的情况，只有类型 1 和类型 3 在 w 1 = w 2 时才有稳定的解。此外，还对偶极孤子的传输特性与调制参数的关系进行了数值研究。最后，概述了实验实现孤子的可能方法。
{"title":"Three-wave mixing of dipole solitons in one-dimensional quasi-phase-matched nonlinear crystals","authors":"Yuxin Guo, Xiaoxi Xu, Zhaopin Chen, Yangui Zhou, Bin Liu, Hexiang He, Yongyao Li, Jianing Xie","doi":"10.1088/0256-307x/41/1/014204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/0256-307x/41/1/014204","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In this paper, a quasi-phase-matched (QPM) technique is introduced for soliton transmission in a quadratic (x\u0000 (2)) nonlinear crystal to realize stable transmission of dipole solitons in one-dimensional (1D) space under three-wave mixing. We report four types of solitons as dipole solitons with distances between their bimodal peaks that can be laid out in different stripes. We study three cases of these solitons: spaced three stripes apart, one stripe apart, and confined to the same stripe. For the case of three stripes apart, all four types have stable results, but for the case of one stripe apart, stable solutions can only be found at w\u0000 1 = w\u0000 2, and for the condition of dipole solitons confined to one stripe, stable solutions exist only for Type1 and Type3 at w\u0000 1 = w\u0000 2. The stability of the soliton solution is solved and verified using the imaginary time propagation (ITP) method and real-time transfer propagation (RTP), and soliton solutions are shown to exist in the multistability case. In addition, the relations of the transportation characteristics of the dipole soliton and the modulation parameters are numerically investigated. Finally, possible approaches for experimental realization of the solitons are outlined.","PeriodicalId":10344,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Physics Letters","volume":"207 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139002314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
As an essential concept to understand the world, whether the real values (or physical realities) of observables are suitable to the physical systems beyond classic has been debated for many decades. Although standard nogo results based on Bell inequalities have ruled out the joint reality of incompatible quantum observables, the possibility of giving simple yet strong arguments to rule out joint reality in any physical system (not necessarily quantum) with weaker assumptions and less observables, has been explored and proposed recently. Here, we perform a device-independent experiment on two-qubit superconducting system to show the joint reality of two observables is incompatible with locality under weaker assumption of the reality of observables in a single space-time region (or single qubit). Our results clearly show the violation of certain inequalities derived from both linear and nonlinear criteria. In addition, we study the robustness of the linear and nonlinear criterion against the effect of systematic decoherence. Our demonstration opens up the possibility of delineating classical and non-classical boundary with simpler nontrivial quantum system.
{"title":"Experimentally ruling out joint reality based on locality with device-independent steering","authors":"Shuaining Zhang, Xiang Zhang, Zhiyue Zheng, Wei Zhang","doi":"10.1088/0256-307x/41/1/010301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/0256-307x/41/1/010301","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 As an essential concept to understand the world, whether the real values (or physical realities) of observables are suitable to the physical systems beyond classic has been debated for many decades. Although standard nogo results based on Bell inequalities have ruled out the joint reality of incompatible quantum observables, the possibility of giving simple yet strong arguments to rule out joint reality in any physical system (not necessarily quantum) with weaker assumptions and less observables, has been explored and proposed recently. Here, we perform a device-independent experiment on two-qubit superconducting system to show the joint reality of two observables is incompatible with locality under weaker assumption of the reality of observables in a single space-time region (or single qubit). Our results clearly show the violation of certain inequalities derived from both linear and nonlinear criteria. In addition, we study the robustness of the linear and nonlinear criterion against the effect of systematic decoherence. Our demonstration opens up the possibility of delineating classical and non-classical boundary with simpler nontrivial quantum system.","PeriodicalId":10344,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Physics Letters","volume":"204 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138975386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-14DOI: 10.1088/0256-307x/41/1/014301
Jiaqi Quan, Baoyin Sun, Yangyang Fu, Lei Gao, Yadong Xu
We experimentally and theoretically present a paradigm for the accurate bilayer design of gradient metasurfaces for wave beam manipulation, producing extremely asymmetric splitting effect by simply tailoring the interlayer size. This concept arises from the anomalous diffraction in phase gradient metasurfaces and the precise combination of the phase gradient in bilayer metasurfaces. Ensured by different diffraction routes in momentum space for incident beam from opposite direction, extremely asymmetric acoustic beam splitting can be generated in a robust way, as demonstrated through a designed bilayer system in experiments. Our work provides a novel approach and feasible platform to design tunable devices for the control of wave propagation.
{"title":"Acoustic bilayer gradient metasurfaces for perfect and asymmetric beam splitting","authors":"Jiaqi Quan, Baoyin Sun, Yangyang Fu, Lei Gao, Yadong Xu","doi":"10.1088/0256-307x/41/1/014301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/0256-307x/41/1/014301","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 We experimentally and theoretically present a paradigm for the accurate bilayer design of gradient metasurfaces for wave beam manipulation, producing extremely asymmetric splitting effect by simply tailoring the interlayer size. This concept arises from the anomalous diffraction in phase gradient metasurfaces and the precise combination of the phase gradient in bilayer metasurfaces. Ensured by different diffraction routes in momentum space for incident beam from opposite direction, extremely asymmetric acoustic beam splitting can be generated in a robust way, as demonstrated through a designed bilayer system in experiments. Our work provides a novel approach and feasible platform to design tunable devices for the control of wave propagation.","PeriodicalId":10344,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Physics Letters","volume":"210 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138975382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-13DOI: 10.1088/0256-307x/41/1/014202
Hui-ran Yang, Meng-ting Qi, Xu-peng Li, Ze Xue, Chen-hao Lu, Jia-wei Cheng, Dong-dong Han, Lu Li
Violet phosphorus (VP) has attracted much attention due to its unique photoelectronic properties as a new two-dimensional nanomaterial, but its potential application in ultrafast photonics remains largely unexplored. In this paper, a D-shaped fiber is coated with VP to create a saturable absorber (SA), and its modulation depth is 3.68%. Subsequently, the SA is inserted into fiber laser, enabling successful generation of a dark soliton and bright-dark soliton pair through adjustment of the polarization state within the cavity. Through further study, mode-locked pulses are achieved and they are proved the existence of polarization-locked vector solitons. The results indicate that violet phosphorus can be used as polarization-independent saturable absorber.
紫磷（VP）作为一种新型二维纳米材料，因其独特的光电子特性而备受关注，但其在超快光子学中的潜在应用仍未得到充分开发。本文在一根 D 型光纤上涂覆了 VP，以形成可饱和吸收体（SA），其调制深度为 3.68%。随后，将可饱和吸收体插入光纤激光器，通过调节腔内的偏振态，成功产生了暗孤子和明暗孤子对。通过进一步研究，实现了锁模脉冲，证明了偏振锁定矢量孤子的存在。研究结果表明，紫磷可用作与偏振无关的可饱和吸收体。
{"title":"Optical Nonlinearity of Violet Phosphorus and Applications in Fiber Laser","authors":"Hui-ran Yang, Meng-ting Qi, Xu-peng Li, Ze Xue, Chen-hao Lu, Jia-wei Cheng, Dong-dong Han, Lu Li","doi":"10.1088/0256-307x/41/1/014202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/0256-307x/41/1/014202","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Violet phosphorus (VP) has attracted much attention due to its unique photoelectronic properties as a new two-dimensional nanomaterial, but its potential application in ultrafast photonics remains largely unexplored. In this paper, a D-shaped fiber is coated with VP to create a saturable absorber (SA), and its modulation depth is 3.68%. Subsequently, the SA is inserted into fiber laser, enabling successful generation of a dark soliton and bright-dark soliton pair through adjustment of the polarization state within the cavity. Through further study, mode-locked pulses are achieved and they are proved the existence of polarization-locked vector solitons. The results indicate that violet phosphorus can be used as polarization-independent saturable absorber.","PeriodicalId":10344,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Physics Letters","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139003651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-13DOI: 10.1088/0256-307x/41/1/014201
Dandan Su, Miao Jiang
Based on the numerical solution of the time-dependent Dirac equation, we propose a method to real-timely observe the ac Stark shift of vacuum driven by an ultraintense laser field. By overlapping the ultraintense pump pulse with another zeptosecond probe pulse whose photon energy is smaller than 2mc 2, the electron-positron pair creation can be controlled by tuning the time delay between the pump and probe pulses. Since the pair creation rate depends sensitively on the instantaneous vacuum potential, one can reconstruct the ac Stark shift of the vacuum potential according to the time delay-dependent pair creation rate.
{"title":"Real-time observation of the instantaneous ac Stark shift of vacuum using a zeptosecond laser pulse","authors":"Dandan Su, Miao Jiang","doi":"10.1088/0256-307x/41/1/014201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/0256-307x/41/1/014201","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Based on the numerical solution of the time-dependent Dirac equation, we propose a method to real-timely observe the ac Stark shift of vacuum driven by an ultraintense laser field. By overlapping the ultraintense pump pulse with another zeptosecond probe pulse whose photon energy is smaller than 2mc\u0000 2, the electron-positron pair creation can be controlled by tuning the time delay between the pump and probe pulses. Since the pair creation rate depends sensitively on the instantaneous vacuum potential, one can reconstruct the ac Stark shift of the vacuum potential according to the time delay-dependent pair creation rate.","PeriodicalId":10344,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Physics Letters","volume":"48 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139005586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-06DOI: 10.1088/0256-307x/40/12/127101
Sheng Zhang, Haohao Sheng, Zhi-Da Song, Chenhao Liang, Yi Jiang, Song Sun, Quansheng Wu, Hongming Weng, Zhongyuan Fang, Xi Dai, Zhijun Wang
The $kcdot p$ method is significant in condensed matter physics for the compact and analytical Hamiltonian.In the presence of magnetic field, it is described by effective Zeeman's coupling Hamiltonian with Landé $g$-factors. Here, we develop an $pen-source$ package VASP2KP (including two parts: vasp2mat and mat2kp) to compute $kcdot p$ parameters and Landé $g$-factors directly from the wavefunctions provided by the density functional theory (DFT) as implemented in Vienna $ab initio$ Simulation Package (VASP). First, we develop a VASP patch vasp2mat to compute matrix representations of the generalized momentum operator $boldsymbol{hat{pi}}=boldsymbol{hat{p}}+frac{1}{2mc^2}left(boldsymbol{hat{s}}timesnabla V(boldsymbol{r})right) $, spin operator $boldsymbol{hat{s}}$, time reversal operator $hat{T}$ and crystalline symmetry operators $hat{R}$ on the DFT wavefunctions. Second, we develop a python code mat2kp to obtain the unitary transformation $U$ that rotates the degenerate DFT basis towards the standard basis, and then automatically compute the $kcdot p$ parameters and $g$-factors. The theory and the methodology behind VASP2KP are described in detail. The matrix elements of the operators are derived comprehensively and computed correctly within the Projector Augmented Wave method. We apply this package to some materials, $e.g$.Bi$_2$Se$_3$, Na$_3$Bi, Te, InAs and 1H-TMD monolayers. The obtained effective model's dispersions are in good agreement with the DFT data around the specific wave vector, and the $g$-factors are consistent with experimental data. The VASP2KP package is available at https://github.com/zjwang11/VASP2KP.
$kcdot p$方法在凝聚态物理中对于紧凑的解析哈密顿量具有重要意义。在有磁场存在的情况下，用有效塞曼耦合哈密顿量和land $g$因子来描述。在这里，我们开发了一个$pen-source$包VASP2KP(包括两个部分:vasp2mat和mat2kp)，直接从密度泛函理论(DFT)提供的波函数中计算$kcdot p$参数和land $g$因子，该波函数在维也纳$ab initio$仿真包(VASP)中实现。首先，我们开发了VASP补丁vasp2mat来计算广义动量算子$boldsymbol{hat{pi}}=boldsymbol{hat{p}}+frac{1}{2mc^2}left(boldsymbol{hat{s}}timesnabla V(boldsymbol{r})right) $、自旋算子$boldsymbol{hat{s}}$、时间反转算子$hat{T}$和晶体对称算子$hat{R}$在DFT波函数上的矩阵表示。其次，我们开发了一个python代码mat2kp，得到将退化的DFT基向标准基旋转的酉变换$U$，然后自动计算$kcdot p$参数和$g$因子。详细描述了VASP2KP背后的理论和方法。在投影增广波法中，对算子的矩阵元素进行了全面的推导和正确的计算。我们将这种封装应用于一些材料，$e.g$ .Bi $_2$ Se $_3$, Na $_3$ Bi, Te, InAs和1H-TMD单层。所得有效模型的色散与特定波矢量周围的DFT数据吻合较好，$g$ -因子与实验数据吻合较好。VASP2KP包可从https://github.com/zjwang11/VASP2KP获得。
{"title":"VASP2KP: $ kcdot p $ models and Landé $g$-factors from $ab-initio$ calculations","authors":"Sheng Zhang, Haohao Sheng, Zhi-Da Song, Chenhao Liang, Yi Jiang, Song Sun, Quansheng Wu, Hongming Weng, Zhongyuan Fang, Xi Dai, Zhijun Wang","doi":"10.1088/0256-307x/40/12/127101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/0256-307x/40/12/127101","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The $kcdot p$ method is significant in condensed matter physics for the compact and analytical Hamiltonian.In the presence of magnetic field, it is described by effective Zeeman's coupling Hamiltonian with Landé $g$-factors. Here, we develop an $pen-source$ package VASP2KP (including two parts: vasp2mat and mat2kp) to compute $kcdot p$ parameters and Landé $g$-factors directly from the wavefunctions provided by the density functional theory (DFT) as implemented in Vienna $ab initio$ Simulation Package (VASP). First, we develop a VASP patch vasp2mat to compute matrix representations of the generalized momentum operator $boldsymbol{hat{pi}}=boldsymbol{hat{p}}+frac{1}{2mc^2}left(boldsymbol{hat{s}}timesnabla V(boldsymbol{r})right) $, spin operator $boldsymbol{hat{s}}$, time reversal operator $hat{T}$ and crystalline symmetry operators $hat{R}$ on the DFT wavefunctions. Second, we develop a python code mat2kp to obtain the unitary transformation $U$ that rotates the degenerate DFT basis towards the standard basis, and then automatically compute the $kcdot p$ parameters and $g$-factors. The theory and the methodology behind VASP2KP are described in detail. The matrix elements of the operators are derived comprehensively and computed correctly within the Projector Augmented Wave method. We apply this package to some materials, $e.g$.Bi$_2$Se$_3$, Na$_3$Bi, Te, InAs and 1H-TMD monolayers. The obtained effective model's dispersions are in good agreement with the DFT data around the specific wave vector, and the $g$-factors are consistent with experimental data. The VASP2KP package is available at https://github.com/zjwang11/VASP2KP.","PeriodicalId":10344,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Physics Letters","volume":"58 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138597435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Various factors influence speech perception in noise (SPIN): age, hearing loss, cognition, background noise, stimulus redundancy, type of stimulus used, and signal-to-noise ratio. The effect of age on SPIN with different stimuli is yet to be validated in the literature. This study aims to study the effect of age on SPIN results across different stimuli. The study is a cross-sectional study with ninety participants with normal hearing ability. All participants in the study were equally divided into three groups: the children's group aged 8 to 12 years, the adult group aged 18 to 30, and the older adult group aged 55 to 72 years. Speech perception in the background of Kannada speech babble was assessed across three stimuli: monosyllables (CV), phonemically balanced Kannada words, and Kannada sentences. The stimulus was presented at 60 dBSPL binaurally through a calibrated headphone at 0 dB SNR. The result indicated a significant main effect of age on SPIN across syllables, words, and sentences. Further, Mann-Whitney test results revealed a statistically significant difference between the SPIN scores of children and adults for syllables, words, and sentences. Also, a statistical difference was noted in SPIN scores between adults and older adults for syllables, words, and sentences. However, statistical differences between children and older adults were seen only for syllables. The trend showed that the SPIN scores for syllables, words, and sentences improve from childhood to adulthood, while scores deteriorate from the adult to older adult group. A similar trend was seen for all three stimulus types. However, the reduction in the SPIN score using syllables in the older adult group was more noticeable than words and sentences. It can be concluded that there is an effect of age on SPIN abilities across different stimuli. It highlights the importance of age-appropriate SPIN normative for various stimuli.
{"title":"Effect of Age on Speech Perception in Noise Abilities Across Different Stimulus.","authors":"Banumathi, Supriya Mathew, Sandeep Kumar, Chandni Jain","doi":"10.1007/s12070-023-04084-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12070-023-04084-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Various factors influence speech perception in noise (SPIN): age, hearing loss, cognition, background noise, stimulus redundancy, type of stimulus used, and signal-to-noise ratio. The effect of age on SPIN with different stimuli is yet to be validated in the literature. This study aims to study the effect of age on SPIN results across different stimuli. The study is a cross-sectional study with ninety participants with normal hearing ability. All participants in the study were equally divided into three groups: the children's group aged 8 to 12 years, the adult group aged 18 to 30, and the older adult group aged 55 to 72 years. Speech perception in the background of Kannada speech babble was assessed across three stimuli: monosyllables (CV), phonemically balanced Kannada words, and Kannada sentences. The stimulus was presented at 60 dBSPL binaurally through a calibrated headphone at 0 dB SNR. The result indicated a significant main effect of age on SPIN across syllables, words, and sentences. Further, Mann-Whitney test results revealed a statistically significant difference between the SPIN scores of children and adults for syllables, words, and sentences. Also, a statistical difference was noted in SPIN scores between adults and older adults for syllables, words, and sentences. However, statistical differences between children and older adults were seen only for syllables. The trend showed that the SPIN scores for syllables, words, and sentences improve from childhood to adulthood, while scores deteriorate from the adult to older adult group. A similar trend was seen for all three stimulus types. However, the reduction in the SPIN score using syllables in the older adult group was more noticeable than words and sentences. It can be concluded that there is an effect of age on SPIN abilities across different stimuli. It highlights the importance of age-appropriate SPIN normative for various stimuli.</p>","PeriodicalId":10344,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Physics Letters","volume":"32 1","pages":"3718-3724"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10646145/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82534060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.1088/0256-307x/40/12/128201
Yuan Wang, Shanhe Su
A novel hybrid system consisting of a direct carbon fuel cell (DCFC), a thermionic generator (TIG), and a regenerator is developed to recover the exhaust heat from the fuel cell. Expressions for the power output and efficiency of subsystems and the hybrid system are derived. Based on the energy balance equation, the area matching problem between the DCFC and the TIG is discussed and solved. By considering the main irreversibilities, the influences of the DCFC’s current density and the TIG’s voltage on the performance of the hybrid system are revealed. The maximum power output density and the corresponding efficiency of the hybrid system are, respectively, equal to 379 W/m2 and 36%. To enhance the maximum power density of the single DCFC, the optimal regions of the main parameters are determined.
{"title":"Performance Improvement of a Direct Carbon Fuel Cell through an Irreversible Vacuum Thermionic Generator","authors":"Yuan Wang, Shanhe Su","doi":"10.1088/0256-307x/40/12/128201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/0256-307x/40/12/128201","url":null,"abstract":"A novel hybrid system consisting of a direct carbon fuel cell (DCFC), a thermionic generator (TIG), and a regenerator is developed to recover the exhaust heat from the fuel cell. Expressions for the power output and efficiency of subsystems and the hybrid system are derived. Based on the energy balance equation, the area matching problem between the DCFC and the TIG is discussed and solved. By considering the main irreversibilities, the influences of the DCFC’s current density and the TIG’s voltage on the performance of the hybrid system are revealed. The maximum power output density and the corresponding efficiency of the hybrid system are, respectively, equal to 379 W/m<sup>2</sup> and 36%. To enhance the maximum power density of the single DCFC, the optimal regions of the main parameters are determined.","PeriodicalId":10344,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Physics Letters","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139055179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.1088/0256-307x/40/12/124202
Xiao-Chuan Meng, Lu Li, Nai-Zhang Sun, Ze Xue, Qi Liu, Han Ye, Wen-Jun Liu
Tungsten sulphoselenide (WSSe) alloys, belonging to the transition metal dichalcogenide family, have attracted significant interest in the area of optoelectronics because of their unique optical and electronic properties. However, there has been a dearth of sufficient research on the saturable absorption features and ultrafast lasers applications. Herein, we fabricated a WSSe-microfiber saturable absorber (SA) based on WSSe nanosheets prepared by liquid exfoliation technique. The SA provided a saturation intensity of a modulation depth of 27.95% and a nonsaturable loss of 21.34%. To investigate the potential applications of WSSe in ultrafast photonics, the prepared WSSe-microfiber was incorporated into an Er-doped fiber laser ring cavity. The results demonstrated that the WSSe-based SA successfully generated mode-locking laser pulses with a remarkably short pulse width of 231 fs. Furthermore, the output power of this ultrafast fiber laser reached an impressive value of 15.68 mW. These findings provide valuable views into the unique features of WSSe alloys in the areas of ultrafast optics and develop recipes for SA in ultrafast fiber lasers.
{"title":"Ultrafast Fiber Laser Based on Tungsten Sulphoselenide Materials","authors":"Xiao-Chuan Meng, Lu Li, Nai-Zhang Sun, Ze Xue, Qi Liu, Han Ye, Wen-Jun Liu","doi":"10.1088/0256-307x/40/12/124202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/0256-307x/40/12/124202","url":null,"abstract":"Tungsten sulphoselenide (WSSe) alloys, belonging to the transition metal dichalcogenide family, have attracted significant interest in the area of optoelectronics because of their unique optical and electronic properties. However, there has been a dearth of sufficient research on the saturable absorption features and ultrafast lasers applications. Herein, we fabricated a WSSe-microfiber saturable absorber (SA) based on WSSe nanosheets prepared by liquid exfoliation technique. The SA provided a saturation intensity of a modulation depth of 27.95% and a nonsaturable loss of 21.34%. To investigate the potential applications of WSSe in ultrafast photonics, the prepared WSSe-microfiber was incorporated into an Er-doped fiber laser ring cavity. The results demonstrated that the WSSe-based SA successfully generated mode-locking laser pulses with a remarkably short pulse width of 231 fs. Furthermore, the output power of this ultrafast fiber laser reached an impressive value of 15.68 mW. These findings provide valuable views into the unique features of WSSe alloys in the areas of ultrafast optics and develop recipes for SA in ultrafast fiber lasers.","PeriodicalId":10344,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Physics Letters","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139055181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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