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Dual MAPK Inhibition Triggers Pro-inflammatory Signals and Sensitizes BRAF V600E Glioma to T Cell-Mediated Checkpoint Therapy. 双重 MAPK 抑制会触发促炎信号,并使 BRAF V600E 脑胶质瘤对 T 细胞介导的检查点疗法敏感。
2区 物理与天体物理 Q1 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-10-07 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.03.526065
Yao Lulu Xing, Stefan Grossauer, Jong-Whi Park, Emon Nasajpour, Brandon Bui, Daniella Morales, Dena Panovska, Jeffrey J Nirschl, Zhi-Ping Feng, Ruolun Wei, Katharina Koeck, Wes Thomason, Joanna Xiu, Patrick N Harter, Katharina Filipski, Kelly Mahaney, Xuhuai Ji, Jean M Mulcahy Levy, Gerald A Grant, Laura M Prolo, Kyle M Walsh, Michael Lim, Dolores Hambardzumyan, Claudia K Petritsch

BRAF V600E pediatric low-grade gliomas frequently transform into high-grade gliomas (HGG) and poorly respond to chemotherapy, resulting in high mortality. Although combined BRAF and MEK inhibition (BRAFi+MEKi) outperforms chemotherapy, ∼70% of BRAF V600E HGG patients are therapy resistant and undergo unbridled tumor progression. BRAF V600E glioma have an immune-rich microenvironment suggesting that they could be responsive to immunotherapy but effects of BRAFi+MEKi on anti-tumor immunity are unclear. Using patient tumor tissue before and after BRAFi+MEKi, two novel syngeneic murine models of BRAF V600E HGG, and patient-derived cell lines, we examined the effects of clinically relevant BRAFi+MEKi with dabrafenib and trametinib on tumor growth, cell states, and tumor-infiltrating T cells. We find that BRAFi+MEKi treatment: i) upregulated programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) signaling genes and PD-1 ligand (PD-L1) protein expression in murine BRAF V600E HGG by stimulating IFNγ and IL-27, ii) attenuated T cell activity by IL-23, IL-27 and IL-32 production, which can promote the expansion of regulatory T cells, and iii) induced glial differentiation linked to a therapy-resistant PD-L1+ compartment through Galectin-3 secretion by tumor cells. Murine BRAF V600E HGG shrinkage by BRAFi+MEKi is associated with the upregulation of interferon-gamma response genes, MHC class I/II expression, and antigen presentation and processing programs, indicative of increased anti-tumor immunity. Combined BRAFi+MEKi with therapeutic antibodies inhibiting the PD-1 and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) immune checkpoints re-activate T cells and provide a survival benefit over single therapy in a T cell-dependent manner. The quadruple treatment overcame BRAFi+MEKi resistance by invigorating T cell-mediated anti-tumor immunity in murine BRAF V600E HGG. PD-L1 expression was elevated in human BRAF-mutant versus BRAF-wildtype glioblastoma clinical specimen, complementing experimental findings and suggesting translational relevance for patient care.

BRAF V600E小儿低级别胶质瘤经常转化为高级别胶质瘤(HGG),对化疗反应差,死亡率高。虽然BRAF和MEK联合抑制疗法(BRAFi+MEKi)的疗效优于化疗,但70%的BRAF V600E HGG患者对治疗产生耐药性,肿瘤肆无忌惮地发展。BRAF V600E胶质瘤具有免疫丰富的微环境,这表明它们可能对免疫疗法有反应,但BRAFi+MEKi对抗肿瘤免疫的影响尚不清楚。我们利用 BRAFi+MEKi 前后的患者肿瘤组织、两种新型 BRAF V600E HGG 合成小鼠模型和患者衍生细胞系,研究了达拉非尼和曲美替尼与临床相关的 BRAFi+MEKi 对肿瘤生长、细胞状态和肿瘤浸润 T 细胞的影响。我们发现,BRAFi+MEKi治疗:i)通过刺激IFNγ和IL-27,上调小鼠BRAF V600E HGG中程序性细胞死亡蛋白-1(PD-1)信号基因和PD-1配体(PD-L1)蛋白的表达;ii)通过IL-23、IL-27和IL-32的产生减弱T细胞的活性,从而促进调节性T细胞的扩增;iii)通过肿瘤细胞分泌Galectin-3,诱导与耐药PD-L1+区相关的神经胶质分化。BRAFi+MEKi 使小鼠 BRAF V600E HGG 缩小与干扰素-γ 反应基因、MHC I/II 类表达以及抗原递呈和处理程序的上调有关,表明抗肿瘤免疫力增强。BRAFi+MEKi与抑制PD-1和细胞毒性T淋巴细胞相关蛋白4(CTLA-4)免疫检查点的治疗性抗体联合治疗可重新激活T细胞,并以T细胞依赖的方式提供比单一疗法更高的生存率。在小鼠 BRAF V600E HGG 中,四联疗法通过激活 T 细胞介导的抗肿瘤免疫克服了 BRAFi+MEKi 抗药性。PD-L1在人类BRAF突变型与BRAF野生型胶质母细胞瘤临床标本中的表达升高,补充了实验结果,并表明对患者治疗具有转化意义。
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引用次数: 0
Multiple Soliton Asymptotics in a Spin-1 Bose–Einstein Condensate 自旋-1 玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚态中的多重孤子渐近线
IF 3.5 2区 物理与天体物理 Q1 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1088/0256-307x/41/9/090501
Zhong-Zhou Lan
Spinor Bose–Einstein condensates (BECs) are formed when atoms in the multi-component BECs possess single hyperfine spin states but retain internal spin degrees of freedom. This study concentrates on a (1+1)-dimensional three-couple Gross–Pitaevskii system to depict the macroscopic spinor BEC waves within the mean-field approximation. Regarding the distribution of the atoms corresponding to the three vertical spin projections, a known binary Darboux transformation is utilized to derive the N matter-wave soliton solutions and triple-pole matter-wave soliton solutions on the zero background, where N is a positive integer. For those multiple matter-wave solitons, the asymptotic analysis is performed to obtain the algebraic expressions of the soliton components in the N matter-wave solitons and triple-pole matter-wave solitons. The asymptotic results indicate that the matter-wave solitons in the spinor BECs possess the property of maintaining their energy content and coherence during the propagation and interactions. Particularly, in the N matter-wave solitons, each soliton component contributes to the phase shifts of the other soliton components; and in the triple-pole matter-wave solitons, stable attractive forces exist between the different matter-wave soliton components. Those multiple matter-wave solitons are graphically illustrated through three-dimensional plots, density plot and contour plot, which are consistent with the asymptotic analysis results. The present analysis may provide the explanations for the complex natural mechanisms of the matter waves in the spinor BECs, and may have potential applications in designs of atom lasers, atom interferometry and coherent atom transport.
当多分量玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体(BEC)中的原子具有单超频自旋态但保留内部自旋自由度时,就会形成自旋玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体(BEC)。本研究以(1+1)维三偶格罗斯-皮塔耶夫斯基系统为研究对象,在均场近似中描述了宏观自旋玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚态波。关于对应于三个垂直自旋投影的原子分布,利用已知的二元达尔布克斯变换推导出了零背景上的 N 个物质波孤子解和三极物质波孤子解(其中 N 为正整数)。对于这些多重物质波孤子,通过渐近分析得到了 N 个物质波孤子和三极物质波孤子中孤子分量的代数表达式。渐近分析结果表明,自旋BEC中的物质波孤子具有在传播和相互作用过程中保持能量含量和相干性的特性。特别是在N个物质波孤子中,每个孤子分量都对其他孤子分量的相移有贡献;在三极物质波孤子中,不同物质波孤子分量之间存在稳定的吸引力。这些多重物质波孤子通过三维图、密度图和等值线图进行了图解,与渐近分析结果一致。本分析可解释自旋BEC中物质波的复杂自然机制,并有可能应用于原子激光器、原子干涉仪和相干原子传输的设计中。
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引用次数: 0
Rydberg-Induced Topological Solitons in Three-Dimensional Rotation Spin–Orbit-Coupled Bose–Einstein Condensates 三维旋转自旋轨道耦合玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚态中的雷德贝格诱导拓扑孤子
IF 3.5 2区 物理与天体物理 Q1 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1088/0256-307x/41/9/090302
Yang Wang, Jinlong Cui, Hongkai Zhang, Yuan Zhao, Siliu Xu, Qin Zhou
We present a novel approach for generating stable three-dimensional (3D) spatiotemporal solitons (SSs) within a rotating Bose–Einstein condensate, incorporating spin–orbit coupling (SOC), a weakly anharmonic potential and cold Rydberg atoms. This intricate system facilitates the emergence of quasi-stable 3D SSs with topological charges |m| ≤ 3 in two spinor components, potentially exhibiting diverse spatial configurations. Our findings reveal that the Rydberg long-range interaction, spin–orbit coupling, and rotational angular frequency exert significant influence on the domains of existence and stability of these solitons. Notably, the Rydberg interaction contributes to a reduction in the norm of topological solitons, while the SOC plays a key role in stabilizing the SSs with finite topological charges. This research of SSs exhibits potential applications in precision measurement, quantum information processing, and other advanced technologies.
我们提出了一种在旋转玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体内产生稳定的三维(3D)时空孤子(SSs)的新方法,该方法结合了自旋轨道耦合(SOC)、弱非谐势和冷雷德堡原子。这一错综复杂的系统有助于在两个自旋分量中出现拓扑电荷 |m| ≤ 3 的准稳定三维固相体,并可能呈现出多种空间构型。我们的研究结果表明,雷德贝格长程相互作用、自旋轨道耦合和旋转角频率对这些孤子的存在域和稳定性有重大影响。值得注意的是,雷德贝格相互作用降低了拓扑孤子的规范,而自旋轨道耦合则在稳定具有有限拓扑电荷的固态子方面发挥了关键作用。这种孤子研究在精密测量、量子信息处理和其他先进技术中具有潜在的应用前景。
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引用次数: 0
Simulating a Chern Insulator with C = ±2 on Synthetic Floquet Lattice 在合成浮凸晶格上模拟 C = ±2 的切尔绝缘体
IF 3.5 2区 物理与天体物理 Q1 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1088/0256-307x/41/9/090301
Ling-Xiao Lei, Wei-Chen Wang, Guang-Yao Huang, Shun Hu, Xi Cao, Xin-Fang Zhang, Ming-Tang Deng, Ping-Xing Chen
The synthetic Floquet lattice, generated by multiple strong drives with mutually incommensurate frequencies, provides a powerful platform for quantum simulation of topological phenomena. In this study, we propose a 4-band tight-binding model of the Chern insulator with a Chern number C = ±2 by coupling two layers of the half Bernevig–Hughes–Zhang lattice and subsequently mapping it onto the Floquet lattice to simulate its topological properties. To determine the Chern number of our Floquet-version model, we extend the energy pumping method proposed by Martin et al. [2017 Phys. Rev. X 7 041008] and the topological oscillation method introduced by Boyers et al. [2020 Phys. Rev. Lett. 125 160505], followed by numerical simulations for both methodologies. The simulation results demonstrate the successful extraction of the Chern number using either of these methods, providing an excellent prediction of the phase diagram that closely aligns with the theoretical one derived from the original bilayer half Bernevig–Hughes–Zhang model. Finally, we briefly discuss a potential experimental implementation for our model. Our work demonstrates significant potential for simulating complex topological matter using quantum computing platforms, thereby paving the way for constructing a more universal simulator for non-interacting topological quantum states and advancing our understanding of these intriguing phenomena.
由频率互不相称的多个强驱动力产生的合成 Floquet 晶格为拓扑现象的量子模拟提供了一个强大的平台。在本研究中,我们通过耦合半贝内维格-赫希斯-张晶格的两层,提出了一个切尔诺数为 C = ±2 的切尔绝缘体的 4 带紧束缚模型,并随后将其映射到 Floquet 晶格上,以模拟其拓扑特性。为了确定我们的 Floquet 版本模型的切尔数,我们扩展了 Martin 等人提出的能量泵方法[2017 Phys. Rev. X 7 041008]和 Boyers 等人提出的拓扑振荡方法[2020 Phys.模拟结果表明,无论采用上述哪种方法,都能成功地提取出切尔诺数,并提供了极好的相图预测,与最初的双层半贝内维格-赫希斯-张模型得出的理论相图非常吻合。最后,我们简要讨论了我们模型的潜在实验实现方法。我们的工作展示了利用量子计算平台模拟复杂拓扑物质的巨大潜力,从而为构建更通用的非相互作用拓扑量子态模拟器铺平了道路,并推进了我们对这些有趣现象的理解。
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引用次数: 0
Pc(4457) Interpreted as a JP = 1/2+ State by D¯0Λc+(2595) – π0Pc(4312) Pc(4457) 通过 D¯0Λc+(2595) - π0Pc(4312) 解读为 JP = 1/2+ 状态
IF 3.5 2区 物理与天体物理 Q1 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1088/0256-307x/41/9/091201
Jin-Zi Wu, Jin-Yi Pang, Jia-Jun Wu
<italic toggle="yes">P<sub>c</sub></italic>(4457) has been discovered over five years, but the parity of this particle remains undetermined. We propose a new interpretation for <italic toggle="yes">P<sub>c</sub></italic>(4457), which is the state generated from the coupled-channel <inline-formula><tex-math><?CDATA ${bar{D}}^{0}{varLambda }_{c}^{+}(2595)$?></tex-math><mml:math overflow="scroll"><mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mover accent="true"><mml:mi>D</mml:mi><mml:mo stretchy="false">¯</mml:mo></mml:mover><mml:mn>0</mml:mn></mml:msup><mml:msubsup><mml:mi>Λ</mml:mi><mml:mi>c</mml:mi><mml:mo>+</mml:mo></mml:msubsup><mml:mo stretchy="false">(</mml:mo><mml:mn>2595</mml:mn><mml:mo stretchy="false">)</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="cpl_41_9_091201_ieqn2.gif"></inline-graphic></inline-formula> and <italic toggle="yes">π</italic><sup>0</sup><italic toggle="yes">P<sub>c</sub></italic>(4312) since they can exchange an almost on-shell <inline-formula><tex-math><?CDATA ${varSigma }_{c}^{+}$?></tex-math><mml:math overflow="scroll"><mml:mrow><mml:msubsup><mml:mi>Σ</mml:mi><mml:mi>c</mml:mi><mml:mo>+</mml:mo></mml:msubsup></mml:mrow></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="cpl_41_9_091201_ieqn3.gif"></inline-graphic></inline-formula>. In this scenario, the parity of <italic toggle="yes">P<sub>c</sub></italic>(4457) will be positive, which is different from the candidate of the bound state of <inline-formula><tex-math><?CDATA ${bar{D}}^{* }{varSigma }_{c}$?></tex-math><mml:math overflow="scroll"><mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mover accent="true"><mml:mi>D</mml:mi><mml:mo stretchy="false">¯</mml:mo></mml:mover><mml:mo>*</mml:mo></mml:msup><mml:msub><mml:mi>Σ</mml:mi><mml:mi>c</mml:mi></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="cpl_41_9_091201_ieqn4.gif"></inline-graphic></inline-formula>. The main decay channel of <italic toggle="yes">P<sub>c</sub></italic>(4457) in this model is <italic toggle="yes">P<sub>c</sub></italic>(4312)<italic toggle="yes">π</italic>. We propose three processes <inline-formula><tex-math><?CDATA ${varLambda }_{b}^{0}to J/psi {K}_{s}p{pi }^{-}$?></tex-math><mml:math overflow="scroll"><mml:mrow><mml:msubsup><mml:mi>Λ</mml:mi><mml:mi>b</mml:mi><mml:mn>0</mml:mn></mml:msubsup><mml:mo>→</mml:mo><mml:mi>J</mml:mi><mml:mo>/</mml:mo><mml:mi>ψ</mml:mi><mml:msub><mml:mi>K</mml:mi><mml:mi>s</mml:mi></mml:msub><mml:mi>p</mml:mi><mml:msup><mml:mi>π</mml:mi><mml:mo>−</mml:mo></mml:msup></mml:mrow></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="cpl_41_9_091201_ieqn5.gif"></inline-graphic></inline-formula>, <inline-formula><tex-math><?CDATA ${varLambda }_{b}^{0}to J/psi {K}^{-}p{pi }^{0}$?></tex-math><mml:math overflow="scroll"><mml:mrow><mml:msubsup><mml:mi>Λ</mml:mi><mml:mi>b</mml:mi><mml:mn>0</mml:mn></mml:msubsup><mml:mo>→</mml:mo><mml:mi>J</mml:mi><mml:mo>/</mml:mo><mml:mi>ψ</mml:mi><mml:msup><mml:mi>K</mml:mi><mml:mo>−</mml:mo></mml:msup><mml:mi>p</mml:mi><mml:msup><mml:mi>π</mml:mi><mml:mn>0</mml:mn></mml:m
Pc(4457)被发现已有五年之久,但该粒子的奇偶性仍未确定。我们为Pc(4457)提出了一种新的解释,它是由耦合通道D¯0Λc+(2595)和π0Pc(4312)产生的状态,因为它们可以交换一个几乎在壳上的Σc+。在这种情况下,Pc(4457)的奇偶性将是正的,这与D¯*Σc的候选束缚态不同。在这个模型中,Pc(4457)的主要衰变通道是Pc(4312)π。我们提出了三个过程Λb0→J/ψKspπ-、Λb0→J/ψK-pπ0和Λb0→J/ψpπ-π+K-来验证Pc(4457)→Pc(4312)π。
{"title":"Pc(4457) Interpreted as a JP = 1/2+ State by D¯0Λc+(2595) – π0Pc(4312)","authors":"Jin-Zi Wu, Jin-Yi Pang, Jia-Jun Wu","doi":"10.1088/0256-307x/41/9/091201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/0256-307x/41/9/091201","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;italic toggle=\"yes\"&gt;P&lt;sub&gt;c&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/italic&gt;(4457) has been discovered over five years, but the parity of this particle remains undetermined. We propose a new interpretation for &lt;italic toggle=\"yes\"&gt;P&lt;sub&gt;c&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/italic&gt;(4457), which is the state generated from the coupled-channel &lt;inline-formula&gt;\u0000&lt;tex-math&gt;\u0000&lt;?CDATA ${bar{D}}^{0}{varLambda }_{c}^{+}(2595)$?&gt;\u0000&lt;/tex-math&gt;&lt;mml:math overflow=\"scroll\"&gt;&lt;mml:mrow&gt;&lt;mml:msup&gt;&lt;mml:mover accent=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mml:mi&gt;D&lt;/mml:mi&gt;&lt;mml:mo stretchy=\"false\"&gt;¯&lt;/mml:mo&gt;&lt;/mml:mover&gt;&lt;mml:mn&gt;0&lt;/mml:mn&gt;&lt;/mml:msup&gt;&lt;mml:msubsup&gt;&lt;mml:mi&gt;Λ&lt;/mml:mi&gt;&lt;mml:mi&gt;c&lt;/mml:mi&gt;&lt;mml:mo&gt;+&lt;/mml:mo&gt;&lt;/mml:msubsup&gt;&lt;mml:mo stretchy=\"false\"&gt;(&lt;/mml:mo&gt;&lt;mml:mn&gt;2595&lt;/mml:mn&gt;&lt;mml:mo stretchy=\"false\"&gt;)&lt;/mml:mo&gt;&lt;/mml:mrow&gt;&lt;/mml:math&gt;\u0000&lt;inline-graphic xlink:href=\"cpl_41_9_091201_ieqn2.gif\"&gt;&lt;/inline-graphic&gt;&lt;/inline-formula&gt; and &lt;italic toggle=\"yes\"&gt;π&lt;/italic&gt;&lt;sup&gt;0&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;italic toggle=\"yes\"&gt;P&lt;sub&gt;c&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/italic&gt;(4312) since they can exchange an almost on-shell &lt;inline-formula&gt;\u0000&lt;tex-math&gt;\u0000&lt;?CDATA ${varSigma }_{c}^{+}$?&gt;\u0000&lt;/tex-math&gt;&lt;mml:math overflow=\"scroll\"&gt;&lt;mml:mrow&gt;&lt;mml:msubsup&gt;&lt;mml:mi&gt;Σ&lt;/mml:mi&gt;&lt;mml:mi&gt;c&lt;/mml:mi&gt;&lt;mml:mo&gt;+&lt;/mml:mo&gt;&lt;/mml:msubsup&gt;&lt;/mml:mrow&gt;&lt;/mml:math&gt;\u0000&lt;inline-graphic xlink:href=\"cpl_41_9_091201_ieqn3.gif\"&gt;&lt;/inline-graphic&gt;&lt;/inline-formula&gt;. In this scenario, the parity of &lt;italic toggle=\"yes\"&gt;P&lt;sub&gt;c&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/italic&gt;(4457) will be positive, which is different from the candidate of the bound state of &lt;inline-formula&gt;\u0000&lt;tex-math&gt;\u0000&lt;?CDATA ${bar{D}}^{* }{varSigma }_{c}$?&gt;\u0000&lt;/tex-math&gt;&lt;mml:math overflow=\"scroll\"&gt;&lt;mml:mrow&gt;&lt;mml:msup&gt;&lt;mml:mover accent=\"true\"&gt;&lt;mml:mi&gt;D&lt;/mml:mi&gt;&lt;mml:mo stretchy=\"false\"&gt;¯&lt;/mml:mo&gt;&lt;/mml:mover&gt;&lt;mml:mo&gt;*&lt;/mml:mo&gt;&lt;/mml:msup&gt;&lt;mml:msub&gt;&lt;mml:mi&gt;Σ&lt;/mml:mi&gt;&lt;mml:mi&gt;c&lt;/mml:mi&gt;&lt;/mml:msub&gt;&lt;/mml:mrow&gt;&lt;/mml:math&gt;\u0000&lt;inline-graphic xlink:href=\"cpl_41_9_091201_ieqn4.gif\"&gt;&lt;/inline-graphic&gt;&lt;/inline-formula&gt;. The main decay channel of &lt;italic toggle=\"yes\"&gt;P&lt;sub&gt;c&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/italic&gt;(4457) in this model is &lt;italic toggle=\"yes\"&gt;P&lt;sub&gt;c&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/italic&gt;(4312)&lt;italic toggle=\"yes\"&gt;π&lt;/italic&gt;. We propose three processes &lt;inline-formula&gt;\u0000&lt;tex-math&gt;\u0000&lt;?CDATA ${varLambda }_{b}^{0}to J/psi {K}_{s}p{pi }^{-}$?&gt;\u0000&lt;/tex-math&gt;&lt;mml:math overflow=\"scroll\"&gt;&lt;mml:mrow&gt;&lt;mml:msubsup&gt;&lt;mml:mi&gt;Λ&lt;/mml:mi&gt;&lt;mml:mi&gt;b&lt;/mml:mi&gt;&lt;mml:mn&gt;0&lt;/mml:mn&gt;&lt;/mml:msubsup&gt;&lt;mml:mo&gt;→&lt;/mml:mo&gt;&lt;mml:mi&gt;J&lt;/mml:mi&gt;&lt;mml:mo&gt;/&lt;/mml:mo&gt;&lt;mml:mi&gt;ψ&lt;/mml:mi&gt;&lt;mml:msub&gt;&lt;mml:mi&gt;K&lt;/mml:mi&gt;&lt;mml:mi&gt;s&lt;/mml:mi&gt;&lt;/mml:msub&gt;&lt;mml:mi&gt;p&lt;/mml:mi&gt;&lt;mml:msup&gt;&lt;mml:mi&gt;π&lt;/mml:mi&gt;&lt;mml:mo&gt;−&lt;/mml:mo&gt;&lt;/mml:msup&gt;&lt;/mml:mrow&gt;&lt;/mml:math&gt;\u0000&lt;inline-graphic xlink:href=\"cpl_41_9_091201_ieqn5.gif\"&gt;&lt;/inline-graphic&gt;&lt;/inline-formula&gt;, &lt;inline-formula&gt;\u0000&lt;tex-math&gt;\u0000&lt;?CDATA ${varLambda }_{b}^{0}to J/psi {K}^{-}p{pi }^{0}$?&gt;\u0000&lt;/tex-math&gt;&lt;mml:math overflow=\"scroll\"&gt;&lt;mml:mrow&gt;&lt;mml:msubsup&gt;&lt;mml:mi&gt;Λ&lt;/mml:mi&gt;&lt;mml:mi&gt;b&lt;/mml:mi&gt;&lt;mml:mn&gt;0&lt;/mml:mn&gt;&lt;/mml:msubsup&gt;&lt;mml:mo&gt;→&lt;/mml:mo&gt;&lt;mml:mi&gt;J&lt;/mml:mi&gt;&lt;mml:mo&gt;/&lt;/mml:mo&gt;&lt;mml:mi&gt;ψ&lt;/mml:mi&gt;&lt;mml:msup&gt;&lt;mml:mi&gt;K&lt;/mml:mi&gt;&lt;mml:mo&gt;−&lt;/mml:mo&gt;&lt;/mml:msup&gt;&lt;mml:mi&gt;p&lt;/mml:mi&gt;&lt;mml:msup&gt;&lt;mml:mi&gt;π&lt;/mml:mi&gt;&lt;mml:mn&gt;0&lt;/mml:mn&gt;&lt;/mml:m","PeriodicalId":10344,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Physics Letters","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142206937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Excitonic Instability in Ta2Pd3Te5 Monolayer Ta2Pd3Te5 单层中的激子不稳定性
IF 3.5 2区 物理与天体物理 Q1 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1088/0256-307x/41/9/097101
Jingyu Yao, Haohao Sheng, Ruihan Zhang, Rongtian Pang, Jin-Jian Zhou, Quansheng Wu, Hongming Weng, Xi Dai, Zhong Fang, Zhijun Wang
By systematic theoretical calculations, we reveal an excitonic insulator (EI) in the Ta2Pd3Te5 monolayer. The bulk Ta2Pd3Te5 is a van der Waals (vdW) layered compound, whereas the vdW layer can be obtained through exfoliation or molecular-beam epitaxy. First-principles calculations show that the monolayer is a nearly zero-gap semiconductor with the modified Becke–Johnson functional. Due to the same symmetry of the band-edge states, the two-dimensional polarization α2D would be finite as the band gap goes to zero, allowing for an EI state in the compound. Using the first-principles many-body perturbation theory, the GW plus Bethe–Salpeter equation calculation reveals that the exciton binding energy is larger than the single-particle band gap, indicating the excitonic instability. The computed phonon spectrum suggests that the monolayer is dynamically stable without lattice distortion. Our findings suggest that the Ta2Pd3Te5 monolayer is an excitonic insulator without structural distortion.
通过系统的理论计算,我们揭示了 Ta2Pd3Te5 单层中的激子绝缘体(EI)。块体 Ta2Pd3Te5 是范德华(vdW)层状化合物,而 vdW 层可以通过剥离或分子束外延获得。第一原理计算表明,单层是一种具有修正贝克-约翰逊函数的近零间隙半导体。由于带边态具有相同的对称性,二维极化 α2D 在带隙为零时将是有限的,从而允许在化合物中出现 EI 态。利用第一原理多体扰动理论、GW 加 Bethe-Salpeter 方程计算发现,激子结合能大于单粒子带隙,这表明了激子不稳定性。声子谱的计算表明,单层在没有晶格畸变的情况下是动态稳定的。我们的研究结果表明,Ta2Pd3Te5 单层是一种没有结构畸变的激子绝缘体。
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引用次数: 0
Mode Multiplication of Cylindrical Vector Beam Using Raytracing Control 利用光线跟踪控制实现圆柱矢量光束的模式倍增
IF 3.5 2区 物理与天体物理 Q1 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-08-31 DOI: 10.1088/0256-307x/41/9/094202
Jing Wang, 晶 王, Qingji Zeng, 庆计 曾, Haisheng Wu, 海生 吴, Chuangxin Xie, 创鑫 谢, Huapeng Ye, 华朋 叶, Ze Dong, 泽 董, Dianyuan Fan, 滇元 范, Shuqing Chen and 书青 陈
Cylindrical vector beams (CVBs) hold significant promise in mode division multiplexing communication owing to their inherent vector mode orthogonality. However, existing studies for facilitating CVB channel processing are confined to mode shift conversions due to their reliance on spin-dependent helical modulations, overlooking the pursuit of mode multiplication conversion. This challenge lies in the multiplicative operation upon inhomogeneous vector mode manipulation, which is expected to advance versatile CVB channel switching and routing. Here, we tackle this gap by introducing a raytracing control strategy that conformally maps the light rays of CVB from the whole annulus distribution to an annular sector counterpart. Incorporated with the multifold conformal annulus-sector mappings and polarization-insensitive phase modulations, this approach facilitates the parallel transformation of input CVB into multiple complementary components, enabling the mode multiplication conversion with protected vector structure. Serving as a demonstration, we experimentally implemented the multiplicative operation of four CVB modes with the multiplier factors of N = +2 and N = –3, achieving the converted mode purities over 94.24% and 88.37%. Subsequently, 200 Gbit/s quadrature phase shift keying signals were successfully transmitted upon multiplicative switching of four CVB channels, with the bit-error-rate approaching 1 × 10−6. These results underscore our strategy’s efficacy in CVB mode multiplication, which may open promising prospects for its advanced applications.
圆柱矢量波束(CVB)因其固有的矢量模式正交性,在模分复用通信中大有可为。然而,现有的促进 CVB 信道处理的研究仅限于模式偏移转换,因为它们依赖于自旋相关螺旋调制,忽略了对模式乘法转换的追求。这一挑战在于非均质矢量模式操作的乘法运算,它有望推动多功能 CVB 信道切换和路由选择。在此,我们引入了一种光线跟踪控制策略,将 CVB 的光线从整个环面分布保形映射到对应的环形扇面上,从而弥补了这一不足。结合多倍共形环形扇形映射和偏振不敏感的相位调制,这种方法有助于将输入 CVB 并行转换为多个互补分量,从而实现具有保护矢量结构的模式乘法转换。作为演示,我们通过实验实现了乘法因子为 N = +2 和 N = -3 的四种 CVB 模式的乘法运算,转换后的模式纯度分别超过 94.24% 和 88.37%。随后,通过四个 CVB 信道的乘法切换,成功传输了 200 Gbit/s 的正交相移键控信号,误码率接近 1 × 10-6。这些结果凸显了我们的策略在 CVB 模式乘法中的功效,为其高级应用开辟了广阔前景。
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引用次数: 0
Electronic and Thermoelectric Properties in SnS-Nanoribbon-Based Heterojunctions 基于 SnS-Nanoribon-Bon 的异质结的电子和热电特性
IF 3.5 2区 物理与天体物理 Q1 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-08-31 DOI: 10.1088/0256-307x/41/9/097301
Kai-Bo Zhang, 凯波 张, Shi-Hua Tan, 仕华 谭, Xiao-Fang Peng, 小芳 彭, Meng-Qiu Long and 孟秋 龙
As an earth-abundant and environmentally friendly material, tin sulfide (SnS) is not only a high-performance photovoltaic material, but also a new promising thermoelectric material. Despite extensive research on the thermoelectric properties of this material in recent years, the room-temperature thermoelectric figure of merit (ZT) of SnS has not been broke through 2 [2022 Sci. China Mater.65 1143]. In this work, based on a combination of density functional theory and non-equilibrium Green’s function method, the electronic and thermoelectric properties in SnS-nanoribbon-based heterojunctions are studied. The results show that although SnS nanoribbons (SNSNRs) with zigzag edges (ZSNSNRs) and armchair edges (ASNSNRs) both have semiconductor properties, the bandgaps of ASNSNRs are much wider than those of ZSNSNRs, which induces much wider conductance gaps of N-ASNSNR (N is the number of tin-sulfide lines across the ribbon width)). In the positive energy region, the ZT peaks of L-SNS-Au are much larger than those of L-SNS-GNR (L represents the number of longitudinal repeating units of SNSNR in the scattering region). While in the positive energy region, the ZT peaks of L-SNS-GNR are larger than those of L-SNS-Au. Further calculations reveal that the figure of merit will be over 3.7 in L-SNS-Au and 2.2 in L-SNS-GNR at room temperature, and over 4 in L-SNS-Au and 2.6 in L-SNS-GNR at 500 K.
硫化锡(SnS)作为一种富集于地球的环保材料,不仅是一种高性能的光伏材料,也是一种极具发展前景的新型热电材料。尽管近年来对该材料的热电性能进行了大量研究,但硫化锡的室温热电性能(ZT)仍未突破 2 [2022 中国材料科学.65 1143]。本文基于密度泛函理论和非平衡格林函数法,研究了SnS-纳米带异质结的电子和热电性能。研究结果表明,虽然具有人字形边(ZSNSNR)和扶手椅边(ASNSNR)的 SnS 纳米带(SNSNR)都具有半导体特性,但 ASNSNR 的带隙比 ZSNSNR 的带隙宽得多,从而导致 N-ASNSNR 的电导隙更宽(N 为带宽上的硫化锡线数)。在正能量区,L-SNS-Au 的 ZT 峰值远大于 L-SNS-GNR(L 代表散射区中 SNSNR 的纵向重复单元数)。而在正能量区,L-SNS-GNR 的 ZT 峰值大于 L-SNS-Au。进一步的计算显示,在室温下,L-SNS-Au 和 L-SNS-GNR 的功勋值分别超过 3.7 和 2.2,在 500 K 时,L-SNS-Au 和 L-SNS-GNR 的功勋值分别超过 4 和 2.6。
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引用次数: 0
Microscopic Magnetism of Nickel-Based Infinite-Layer Superconducting Parent Compounds RNiO2 (R = La, Nd): A μSR Study 镍基无限层超导母化合物 RNiO2 (R = La, Nd) 的微观磁性:μSR研究
IF 3.5 2区 物理与天体物理 Q1 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-08-31 DOI: 10.1088/0256-307x/41/9/097502
Qiong Wu, 琼 吴, Ying Fu, 盈 付, Le Wang, 乐 王, Xuefeng Zhou, 雪峰 周, Shanmin Wang, 善民 王, Zihao Zhu, 子浩 朱, Kaiwen Chen, 锴文 陈, Chengyu Jiang, 程予 姜, Toni Shiroka, Adrian D. Hillier, Jia-Wei Mei, 佳伟 梅, Lei Shu and 蕾 殳
By using muon spin relaxation (μSR) measurements, we perform a comparative study of the microscopic magnetism in the parent compounds of infinite-layer nickelate superconductors RNiO2 (R = La, Nd). In either compound, the zero-field μSR spectra down to the lowest measured temperature reveal no long-range magnetic order. In LaNiO2, short-range spin correlations appear below T = 150 K, and spins fully freeze below T ∼ 10 K. NdNiO2 exhibits a more complex spin dynamics driven by the Nd 4f and Ni 3d electron spin fluctuations. Further, it shows features suggesting the proximity to a spin-glass state occurring below T = 5 K. In both compounds, the spin behavior with temperature is further confirmed by longitudinal-field μSR measurements. These results provide new insight into the magnetism of the parent compounds of the superconducting nickelates, crucial to understanding the microscopic origin of their superconductivity.
通过μ介子自旋弛豫(μSR)测量,我们对无限层镍酸盐超导体 RNiO2(R = La、Nd)母体化合物中的微观磁性进行了比较研究。在这两种化合物中,低至最低测量温度的零场 μSR 光谱显示没有长程磁序。在 LaNiO2 中,短程自旋相关性出现在 T = 150 K 以下,自旋完全冻结在 T ∼ 10 K 以下。在这两种化合物中,纵向场 μSR 测量进一步证实了自旋随温度变化的行为。这些结果为了解超导镍酸盐母体化合物的磁性提供了新的视角,对于理解其超导性的微观起源至关重要。
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引用次数: 0
Chiral Pair Density Waves with Residual Fermi Arcs in RbV3Sb5 RbV3Sb5 中具有残余费米弧的手性对密度波
IF 3.5 2区 物理与天体物理 Q1 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-08-01 DOI: 10.1088/0256-307x/41/9/097401
Xiao-Yu Yan, Hanbin Deng, Tianyu Yang, Guowei Liu, Wei Song, Hu Miao, Zhijun Tu, Hechang Lei, Shuo Wang, Ben-Chuan Lin, Hailang Qin, Jia-Xin Yin
The chiral 2 × 2 charge order has been reported and confirmed in the kagome superconductor RbV3Sb5, while its interplay with superconductivity remains elusive owing to its lowest superconducting transition temperature TC of about 0.85 K in the AV3Sb5 family (A = K, Rb, Cs) that severely challenges electronic spectroscopic probes. Here, utilizing dilution-refrigerator-based scanning tunneling microscopy down to 30 mK, we observe chiral 2 × 2 pair density waves with residual Fermi arcs in RbV3Sb5. We find a superconducting gap of 150 μeV with substantial residual in-gap states. The spatial distribution of this gap exhibits chiral 2 × 2 modulations, signaling a chiral pair density wave (PDW). Our quasi-particle interference imaging of the zero-energy residual states further reveals arc-like patterns. We discuss the relation of the gap modulations with the residual Fermi arcs under the space-momentum correspondence between PDW and Bogoliubov Fermi states.
手性 2 × 2 电荷顺序已在可果美的超导体 RbV3Sb5 中得到报道和证实,但由于其在 AV3Sb5 系列(A = K、Rb、Cs)中的最低超导转变温度 TC 约为 0.85 K,其与超导性的相互作用仍然难以捉摸,这严重挑战了电子能谱探针。在这里,我们利用基于稀释-制冷器的扫描隧道显微镜,在 RbV3Sb5 中观察到低至 30 mK 的手性 2 × 2 对密度波和残余费米弧。我们发现了一个 150 μeV 的超导间隙,其中存在大量残余隙内态。该间隙的空间分布呈现出手性 2 × 2 调制,预示着一种手性对密度波(PDW)。我们对零能残余态的准粒子干涉成像进一步揭示了弧形模式。我们根据 PDW 与波哥留布夫费米态之间的空间动量对应关系,讨论了间隙调制与残余费米弧的关系。
{"title":"Chiral Pair Density Waves with Residual Fermi Arcs in RbV3Sb5","authors":"Xiao-Yu Yan, Hanbin Deng, Tianyu Yang, Guowei Liu, Wei Song, Hu Miao, Zhijun Tu, Hechang Lei, Shuo Wang, Ben-Chuan Lin, Hailang Qin, Jia-Xin Yin","doi":"10.1088/0256-307x/41/9/097401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/0256-307x/41/9/097401","url":null,"abstract":"The chiral 2 × 2 charge order has been reported and confirmed in the kagome superconductor RbV<sub>3</sub>Sb<sub>5</sub>, while its interplay with superconductivity remains elusive owing to its lowest superconducting transition temperature <italic toggle=\"yes\">T</italic><sub>C</sub> of about 0.85 K in the AV<sub>3</sub>Sb<sub>5</sub> family (A = K, Rb, Cs) that severely challenges electronic spectroscopic probes. Here, utilizing dilution-refrigerator-based scanning tunneling microscopy down to 30 mK, we observe chiral 2 × 2 pair density waves with residual Fermi arcs in RbV<sub>3</sub>Sb<sub>5</sub>. We find a superconducting gap of 150 μeV with substantial residual in-gap states. The spatial distribution of this gap exhibits chiral 2 × 2 modulations, signaling a chiral pair density wave (PDW). Our quasi-particle interference imaging of the zero-energy residual states further reveals arc-like patterns. We discuss the relation of the gap modulations with the residual Fermi arcs under the space-momentum correspondence between PDW and Bogoliubov Fermi states.","PeriodicalId":10344,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Physics Letters","volume":"175 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142207033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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Chinese Physics Letters
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