Healthcare waste management from health-promoting hospitals in some local areas of Thailand is weakly regulated. Pollution from the waste originates from poor management, ineffective control, and unsuitable disposal. We reviewed the management of healthcare waste at health-promoting hospitals and aimed to study the type and quantity of healthcare waste, storage, collection, transfer, transportation and disposal. Six hospitals were selected and prioritized from a district in a province in the upper part of southern Thailand. All waste was classified into two types: waste from treated patients (general waste, hazardous and infectious waste) and waste from untreated patients (domestic and hazardous waste). The highest percentage of waste from treated patients was 68.20% and waste from untreated patients was 86.60%. The waste from treated patients at all hospitals was put into red plastic bags and placed inside stainless steel or plastic garbage cans. The waste materials were then transferred daily by hospital employees. They wore protective equipment while working. The waste from untreated patients was put into black plastic bags and placed inside plastic or stainless steel garbage cans. The waste materials were transferred the same way as the waste from treated patients. Waste from the treated patients was then transported by a hospital employee who wore unsuitable protective equipment. The waste materials were collected from all health-promoting hospitals once a week by pickup truck and moved to a single hospital in the district where it waited for transportation to an incineration plant in central Thailand. The waste from untreated patients was transported by employees of the sub-district administrative organization. They also wore unsuitable protective equipment while working. The waste from untreated patients was transported by compact garbage truck and moved for disposal in two open dump sites in the local area. Although the waste materials were basically controlled and managed by the guidelines, some of the handling processes were incorrect and ineffective. Therefore, everyone involved in healthcare waste management from the top down need to strictly practice the guidelines according to the laws for a better environment.
{"title":"HEALTHCARE WASTE MANAGEMENT: A CASE STUDY OF HEALTH-PROMOTING HOSPITALS","authors":"S. Puangmanee, Moltiya Jearanai","doi":"10.2495/wm180361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2495/wm180361","url":null,"abstract":"Healthcare waste management from health-promoting hospitals in some local areas of Thailand is weakly regulated. Pollution from the waste originates from poor management, ineffective control, and unsuitable disposal. We reviewed the management of healthcare waste at health-promoting hospitals and aimed to study the type and quantity of healthcare waste, storage, collection, transfer, transportation and disposal. Six hospitals were selected and prioritized from a district in a province in the upper part of southern Thailand. All waste was classified into two types: waste from treated patients (general waste, hazardous and infectious waste) and waste from untreated patients (domestic and hazardous waste). The highest percentage of waste from treated patients was 68.20% and waste from untreated patients was 86.60%. The waste from treated patients at all hospitals was put into red plastic bags and placed inside stainless steel or plastic garbage cans. The waste materials were then transferred daily by hospital employees. They wore protective equipment while working. The waste from untreated patients was put into black plastic bags and placed inside plastic or stainless steel garbage cans. The waste materials were transferred the same way as the waste from treated patients. Waste from the treated patients was then transported by a hospital employee who wore unsuitable protective equipment. The waste materials were collected from all health-promoting hospitals once a week by pickup truck and moved to a single hospital in the district where it waited for transportation to an incineration plant in central Thailand. The waste from untreated patients was transported by employees of the sub-district administrative organization. They also wore unsuitable protective equipment while working. The waste from untreated patients was transported by compact garbage truck and moved for disposal in two open dump sites in the local area. Although the waste materials were basically controlled and managed by the guidelines, some of the handling processes were incorrect and ineffective. Therefore, everyone involved in healthcare waste management from the top down need to strictly practice the guidelines according to the laws for a better environment.","PeriodicalId":103799,"journal":{"name":"Waste Management and the Environment IX","volume":"180 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114329126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Barrantes, Gilberto Piedra-Marín, José Pablo Sibaja Brenes, Mario Cordero
Construction projects have become a driving force for the worldwide economy, with significant impacts on energy consumption, environmental emissions, and social issues. Building constructions and operations have massive, direct and indirect effects on the fragile surroundings. Such adverse impacts include resource depletion, biological diversity losses, landfill problems, decreased productivity, adverse human health, global warming, acid rain, and smog, among others. As a result, many constructors look forward to controlling the adverse impacts of their activities by adopting environmental management systems. Environmental impact assessments (EIAs) are primary instruments for development planning as well as decision making. In a previous work, we carried out the EIAs of seventeen construction projects, to be built in various university campus of Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica. In this work we focused on assessing the significant environmental aspects (SEAs) of eight construction projects, which were completed during 2016–2017, and also on performing social and environmental procedures as a follow-up of the most significant environmental impacts of these eight construction projects. Also, eight procedures related with social and environmental issues were developed in order to perform a follow-up of the most important SEAs identified in our previous work. They were identified thirty three environmental aspects, with 22 of them being classified as significant. The average compliance of the social and environmental procedures for the eight construction projects were in the 77–92% range, which suggested that these the social and environmental procedures they must be integrated into one general evaluation protocol for assessing every single construction project to be developed.
{"title":"ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT FOLLOW UP: A CASE STUDY OF SEVERAL CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS IN VARIOUS UNIVERSITY CAMPUSES","authors":"J. Barrantes, Gilberto Piedra-Marín, José Pablo Sibaja Brenes, Mario Cordero","doi":"10.2495/WM180031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2495/WM180031","url":null,"abstract":"Construction projects have become a driving force for the worldwide economy, with significant impacts on energy consumption, environmental emissions, and social issues. Building constructions and operations have massive, direct and indirect effects on the fragile surroundings. Such adverse impacts include resource depletion, biological diversity losses, landfill problems, decreased productivity, adverse human health, global warming, acid rain, and smog, among others. As a result, many constructors look forward to controlling the adverse impacts of their activities by adopting environmental management systems. Environmental impact assessments (EIAs) are primary instruments for development planning as well as decision making. In a previous work, we carried out the EIAs of seventeen construction projects, to be built in various university campus of Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica. In this work we focused on assessing the significant environmental aspects (SEAs) of eight construction projects, which were completed during 2016–2017, and also on performing social and environmental procedures as a follow-up of the most significant environmental impacts of these eight construction projects. Also, eight procedures related with social and environmental issues were developed in order to perform a follow-up of the most important SEAs identified in our previous work. They were identified thirty three environmental aspects, with 22 of them being classified as significant. The average compliance of the social and environmental procedures for the eight construction projects were in the 77–92% range, which suggested that these the social and environmental procedures they must be integrated into one general evaluation protocol for assessing every single construction project to be developed.","PeriodicalId":103799,"journal":{"name":"Waste Management and the Environment IX","volume":"102 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134080124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study reports on research carried out on behalf of the London Waste and Recycling Board, to assess the potential impact that the adoption of the Circular Economy can have on the generation of three principal waste types: construction, demolition and excavation waste (CDEW), commercial and industrial waste (C&IW), and household waste (HW) in Greater London, up to the year 2041. The paper takes an evidence-based, quantitative approach, demonstrating the potential real-world impacts of the Circular Economy. It stresses the importance of moving up a level on the waste hierarchy, to focus solely on waste reduction. The study estimates the waste reduction potential of nine Circular Economy initiatives and the time required for this potential to be realised (i.e. adopted by the general population). The waste reduction potential of the chosen Circular Economy initiatives, and the time-uptake factor are used to develop three Circular Economy uptake scenarios, which are tested in a waste generation impact assessment model. The waste generation impact assessment model indicates that targeting all three principal waste types can result in a significant, cumulative waste reduction. A maximum potential waste reduction of more than 60% can be achieved, with a central estimate of approximately 30%, depending on the chosen Circular Economy uptake scenario.
{"title":"CIRCULAR ECONOMY EFFECTS ON WASTE GENERATION IN LONDON","authors":"Erato Panayiotou, T. Clifford","doi":"10.2495/wm180351","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2495/wm180351","url":null,"abstract":"This study reports on research carried out on behalf of the London Waste and Recycling Board, to assess the potential impact that the adoption of the Circular Economy can have on the generation of three principal waste types: construction, demolition and excavation waste (CDEW), commercial and industrial waste (C&IW), and household waste (HW) in Greater London, up to the year 2041. The paper takes an evidence-based, quantitative approach, demonstrating the potential real-world impacts of the Circular Economy. It stresses the importance of moving up a level on the waste hierarchy, to focus solely on waste reduction. The study estimates the waste reduction potential of nine Circular Economy initiatives and the time required for this potential to be realised (i.e. adopted by the general population). The waste reduction potential of the chosen Circular Economy initiatives, and the time-uptake factor are used to develop three Circular Economy uptake scenarios, which are tested in a waste generation impact assessment model. The waste generation impact assessment model indicates that targeting all three principal waste types can result in a significant, cumulative waste reduction. A maximum potential waste reduction of more than 60% can be achieved, with a central estimate of approximately 30%, depending on the chosen Circular Economy uptake scenario.","PeriodicalId":103799,"journal":{"name":"Waste Management and the Environment IX","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132139195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Eva Barrena, D. Canca, F. Ortega, R. Piedra-de-la-Cuadra
Municipal solid waste management includes several functional phases such as waste generation, storage, collection, transportation, processing, recycling and disposal in a suitable landfill. Waste collection and transportation phases are closely related, since the deployment of containers along the city determine the vehicle fleet size required for picking up the collected waste into the containers and the design of efficient routes needed for that purpose. A mathematical model for the deployment of containers in a context of selective collection of urban solid waste, has been formulated in this work. A greedy algorithm of overflowing deviated to the immediate neighbourhood has also been developed to solve the proposed mathematical programming model. In order to evaluate the performance of the developed methodology, a computational experience has been carried out on an urban system inspired in a zone belonging to the area of Seville, Spain.
{"title":"OPTIMIZING CONTAINER LOCATION FOR SELECTIVE COLLECTION OF URBAN SOLID WASTE","authors":"Eva Barrena, D. Canca, F. Ortega, R. Piedra-de-la-Cuadra","doi":"10.2495/wm180011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2495/wm180011","url":null,"abstract":"Municipal solid waste management includes several functional phases such as waste generation, storage, collection, transportation, processing, recycling and disposal in a suitable landfill. Waste collection and transportation phases are closely related, since the deployment of containers along the city determine the vehicle fleet size required for picking up the collected waste into the containers and the design of efficient routes needed for that purpose. A mathematical model for the deployment of containers in a context of selective collection of urban solid waste, has been formulated in this work. A greedy algorithm of overflowing deviated to the immediate neighbourhood has also been developed to solve the proposed mathematical programming model. In order to evaluate the performance of the developed methodology, a computational experience has been carried out on an urban system inspired in a zone belonging to the area of Seville, Spain.","PeriodicalId":103799,"journal":{"name":"Waste Management and the Environment IX","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125661979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Marx-Pienaar, G. E. D. Rand, A. Viljoen, H. Fisher
Global estimates suggest that between one third to half of all food produced never reach the human stomach. Recent figures estimate South African (SA) food waste at R61.5 billion per annum (current exchange rate R12.23 = $1). With the Food and Agriculture Organisation’s (FAO) reports underscoring the food insecurity of many SA households, addressing food wastage in SA has become a matter of great significance. Unfortunately, information pertaining to food waste in SA tends to be limited. Not only is information detailing the proportion of waste at key supply chain areas needed, identifying critical areas of concern with possible mitigating strategies is also warranted. This study aimed at alleviating the knowledge deficit regarding food waste by investigating current food product practices throughout a SA quick service restaurant (QSR) supply chain. Data collection entailed two phases. Phase one involved a supply chain audit that documented practices and managerial protocols which could contribute towards unnecessary wastage. Phase two involved interviewing QSR managers, which allowed identifying possible mitigating strategies. Results revealed that production, distribution and packaging in particular secondary packaging warrants attention. However, in terms of human resources, findings also accentuated consumers’, managers’, and employees’ general awareness of food waste as
{"title":"FOOD WASTAGE: A CONCERN ACROSS THE SOUTH AFRICAN QUICK SERVICE RESTAURANT SUPPLY CHAIN","authors":"N. Marx-Pienaar, G. E. D. Rand, A. Viljoen, H. Fisher","doi":"10.2495/WM180221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2495/WM180221","url":null,"abstract":"Global estimates suggest that between one third to half of all food produced never reach the human stomach. Recent figures estimate South African (SA) food waste at R61.5 billion per annum (current exchange rate R12.23 = $1). With the Food and Agriculture Organisation’s (FAO) reports underscoring the food insecurity of many SA households, addressing food wastage in SA has become a matter of great significance. Unfortunately, information pertaining to food waste in SA tends to be limited. Not only is information detailing the proportion of waste at key supply chain areas needed, identifying critical areas of concern with possible mitigating strategies is also warranted. This study aimed at alleviating the knowledge deficit regarding food waste by investigating current food product practices throughout a SA quick service restaurant (QSR) supply chain. Data collection entailed two phases. Phase one involved a supply chain audit that documented practices and managerial protocols which could contribute towards unnecessary wastage. Phase two involved interviewing QSR managers, which allowed identifying possible mitigating strategies. Results revealed that production, distribution and packaging in particular secondary packaging warrants attention. However, in terms of human resources, findings also accentuated consumers’, managers’, and employees’ general awareness of food waste as","PeriodicalId":103799,"journal":{"name":"Waste Management and the Environment IX","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126386354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Soto-Paz, Pablo Manyoma-Velásquez, Ricardo Ocaña, Wilfredo Alfonso, E. Caicedo, P. Torres-Lozada
Biowaste (B) is the predominant fraction of municipal solid waste (MSW) in developing countries and composting is one of the most widely used technologies for the use of biowaste. Several interrelated factors affect the efficiency of the bioconversion of the substrate influencing the development of the composting process and therefore, the quality of the final product. Simulations through Artificial Neural Networks-ANN allows to determine the influence of these factors and to make predictions that improve the process and the quality of the final product which providing the definition of real criteria for the implementation of the technology. This study shows the feasibility of simulating, with feedforward ANN, the composting process at a pilot scale by mixing with biowaste, Filter cake (FC) and star grass (SG). Experiments were carried out with a Box-Bemkhen design, simultaneously evaluating factors such as the mixing ratio (MR) of B:FC:SG (60:20:20, 70: 10: 20 and 65:15:20) and turning frequency (TF) (1, 2 and 3 days were experimented) on variables such as temperature, pH, oxidizable organic carbon and total nitrogen which also allowed to get heuristic models based on ANN. It was found that the MR and TF affect both the process and the quality of the product, presenting the best result at the ratio of 65:25:10 with TF of 2 times per week which is supported by the ANN prediction with an R2 ≥ 0.85 according to the experimental data.
{"title":"NEURAL NETWORK MODELING TO SUPPORT AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF THE COMPOSTING PROCESS OF BIOWASTE WITH FILTER CAKE AND STAR GRASS","authors":"J. Soto-Paz, Pablo Manyoma-Velásquez, Ricardo Ocaña, Wilfredo Alfonso, E. Caicedo, P. Torres-Lozada","doi":"10.2495/WM180211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2495/WM180211","url":null,"abstract":"Biowaste (B) is the predominant fraction of municipal solid waste (MSW) in developing countries and composting is one of the most widely used technologies for the use of biowaste. Several interrelated factors affect the efficiency of the bioconversion of the substrate influencing the development of the composting process and therefore, the quality of the final product. Simulations through Artificial Neural Networks-ANN allows to determine the influence of these factors and to make predictions that improve the process and the quality of the final product which providing the definition of real criteria for the implementation of the technology. This study shows the feasibility of simulating, with feedforward ANN, the composting process at a pilot scale by mixing with biowaste, Filter cake (FC) and star grass (SG). Experiments were carried out with a Box-Bemkhen design, simultaneously evaluating factors such as the mixing ratio (MR) of B:FC:SG (60:20:20, 70: 10: 20 and 65:15:20) and turning frequency (TF) (1, 2 and 3 days were experimented) on variables such as temperature, pH, oxidizable organic carbon and total nitrogen which also allowed to get heuristic models based on ANN. It was found that the MR and TF affect both the process and the quality of the product, presenting the best result at the ratio of 65:25:10 with TF of 2 times per week which is supported by the ANN prediction with an R2 ≥ 0.85 according to the experimental data.","PeriodicalId":103799,"journal":{"name":"Waste Management and the Environment IX","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126551799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Michioku, Kenji Tanaka, Hiroya Tanaka, Kosuke Inoue, Tamihiro Nakamichi, M. Yagi, N. Wada
In order to develop a new technology for denitrifying leachate by using fatty acid compounds (FAC), a water quality model was developed by considering balances of nitrogen, dissolved oxygen, carbon, phosphorus and denitrification bacteria involved in leachate denitrification. FAC is expected to function not only as a donor of hydrogen and carbon to nourish and activate denitrification bacteria but also as a reducer of nitrified leachate. Prior to the present study, performance of FAC for denitrifying leachate was confirmed in a laboratory experiment under various conditions of leachate loading discharge and nutrients. Time-dependent behaviours of water quality observed in the experiment were successfully reproduced by the model with high accuracy. The model also provides a solution of denitrification performance as a function of hydraulic retention time, HRT. The proposed water quality model is expected to be a useful engineering tool for planning, designing and constructing a cost-saving leachate treatment system.
{"title":"A NUMERICAL MODEL FOR DENITRIFICATION OF MUNICIPAL LANDFILL LEACHATE AND PARAMETRIC ANALYSIS ON DENITRIFICATION CONTROLLING FACTORS","authors":"K. Michioku, Kenji Tanaka, Hiroya Tanaka, Kosuke Inoue, Tamihiro Nakamichi, M. Yagi, N. Wada","doi":"10.2495/wm180301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2495/wm180301","url":null,"abstract":"In order to develop a new technology for denitrifying leachate by using fatty acid compounds (FAC), a water quality model was developed by considering balances of nitrogen, dissolved oxygen, carbon, phosphorus and denitrification bacteria involved in leachate denitrification. FAC is expected to function not only as a donor of hydrogen and carbon to nourish and activate denitrification bacteria but also as a reducer of nitrified leachate. Prior to the present study, performance of FAC for denitrifying leachate was confirmed in a laboratory experiment under various conditions of leachate loading discharge and nutrients. Time-dependent behaviours of water quality observed in the experiment were successfully reproduced by the model with high accuracy. The model also provides a solution of denitrification performance as a function of hydraulic retention time, HRT. The proposed water quality model is expected to be a useful engineering tool for planning, designing and constructing a cost-saving leachate treatment system.","PeriodicalId":103799,"journal":{"name":"Waste Management and the Environment IX","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126473599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Spinelli, P. Neri, M. Pini, S. Barbi, M. Montorsi, A. Ferrari
The aim of this study was to enhance waste from the livestock production chain using insects to produce biomaterials that can fall within the agricultural production cycle (e.g. plastic mulch), in order to achieve sustainability throughout the technological process. After stabilization by drying, mature larvae of Hermetia illucens reared on substrate composed of poultry manure, zeolite and water were chemically separated in the laboratory to extract the proteic, lipidic and chitinic fractions. Proteins were then isolated and added to other components in order to obtain bioplastics. The environmental impacts of the bioplastic production process developed at a laboratory scale was evaluated through the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methodology.
{"title":"USING BLACK SOLDIER FLIES (HERMETIA ILLUCENS) TO BIOCONVERT WASTE FROM THE LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION CHAIN: A LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT CASE STUDY","authors":"R. Spinelli, P. Neri, M. Pini, S. Barbi, M. Montorsi, A. Ferrari","doi":"10.2495/wm180051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2495/wm180051","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to enhance waste from the livestock production chain using insects to produce biomaterials that can fall within the agricultural production cycle (e.g. plastic mulch), in order to achieve sustainability throughout the technological process. After stabilization by drying, mature larvae of Hermetia illucens reared on substrate composed of poultry manure, zeolite and water were chemically separated in the laboratory to extract the proteic, lipidic and chitinic fractions. Proteins were then isolated and added to other components in order to obtain bioplastics. The environmental impacts of the bioplastic production process developed at a laboratory scale was evaluated through the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methodology.","PeriodicalId":103799,"journal":{"name":"Waste Management and the Environment IX","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133317863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Iron being a common impurity in hydrometallurgical operations; create significant difficulties during the recovery of other bivalent base metals. High content of iron in the form of oxides and metals in these processes could be solved by producing iron oxide pigments, which can be successfully converted into valuable raw material for paint, cosmetic, pharmaceutical, dye, and chemical industries. Furthermore, it could easily and economically generate additional revenue to develop the infrastructural facilities, the operation and maintenance costs required for full functional operational plant and certainly add value to the economy of these sectors. In above context, an attempt was made to convert the iron-hydroxy-sulfates formed in the leachate of the tailing pond of iron ore mine, Odisha into hematite. The process flow sheet encompasses biological followed by hydrothermal route to attain 100% pure hematite. Prior to hydrothermal conversion, complete ferrous oxidation was ensured in a 2.5 L of stirred tank batch bioreactor. Precipitates were generated at room temperature by the addition of either a concentrated NaOH/Ca(OH)2 until the pH attained the desired value. The ferric rich slurry thereafter converted to hematite in a 2.5Lit of SS grade high pressure vessel reactor (Stainless Steel grade 316) for 5 hrs at 400 rpm, 180°C, 1.34 MPa. The XRD pattern shows only the presence of iron oxide (Fe2O3) (PANalytical Empyrean Series 2X’pert high score: -98-017-3654) which was well validate by SEM-EDX analysis for elemental identification and quantitative compositional information (CARL ZEISS, model-EVO18). Particle size analysis were also carried out using Malvern hydro mastersizer (model: 2000M) and UV-DRS analysis.
铁是湿法冶金操作中常见的杂质;对其他二价贱金属的回收造成重大困难。在这些过程中以氧化物和金属形式存在的高铁含量可以通过生产氧化铁颜料来解决，氧化铁颜料可以成功地转化为油漆、化妆品、制药、染料和化学工业的有价值的原料。此外，它可以很容易和经济地产生额外收入，以发展基础设施、全面运作的工厂所需的操作和维护费用，当然也可以增加这些部门的经济价值。在此背景下，尝试将奥里萨邦铁矿尾矿库渗滤液中形成的铁-羟基硫酸盐转化为赤铁矿。工艺流程包括生物法和水热法，以获得100%的纯赤铁矿。在水热转化之前，在2.5 L搅拌槽间歇式生物反应器中确保亚铁完全氧化。在室温下，通过添加浓NaOH/Ca(OH)2产生沉淀，直到pH达到所需值。富铁浆料随后在2.5Lit的SS级高压容器反应器(不锈钢级316)中，在400转/分、180℃、1.34兆帕的条件下，转化为赤铁矿5小时。XRD谱图只显示了氧化铁(Fe2O3)的存在(PANalytical Empyrean Series 2X 'pert高分:-98-017-3654)，SEM-EDX分析元素鉴定和定量成分信息(CARL ZEISS, model-EVO18)很好地验证了这一点。采用Malvern水力浆料机(型号:2000M)和UV-DRS进行粒度分析。
{"title":"AN INTEGRATED BIO-HYDROTHERMAL CONVERSION OF IRON-HYDROXY-SULFATES INTO HEMATITE: ENDEAVOUR TO 4R’S","authors":"Sradha Singh, M. Ghose, L. B. Sukla, S. Goyal","doi":"10.2495/WM180201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2495/WM180201","url":null,"abstract":"Iron being a common impurity in hydrometallurgical operations; create significant difficulties during the recovery of other bivalent base metals. High content of iron in the form of oxides and metals in these processes could be solved by producing iron oxide pigments, which can be successfully converted into valuable raw material for paint, cosmetic, pharmaceutical, dye, and chemical industries. Furthermore, it could easily and economically generate additional revenue to develop the infrastructural facilities, the operation and maintenance costs required for full functional operational plant and certainly add value to the economy of these sectors. In above context, an attempt was made to convert the iron-hydroxy-sulfates formed in the leachate of the tailing pond of iron ore mine, Odisha into hematite. The process flow sheet encompasses biological followed by hydrothermal route to attain 100% pure hematite. Prior to hydrothermal conversion, complete ferrous oxidation was ensured in a 2.5 L of stirred tank batch bioreactor. Precipitates were generated at room temperature by the addition of either a concentrated NaOH/Ca(OH)2 until the pH attained the desired value. The ferric rich slurry thereafter converted to hematite in a 2.5Lit of SS grade high pressure vessel reactor (Stainless Steel grade 316) for 5 hrs at 400 rpm, 180°C, 1.34 MPa. The XRD pattern shows only the presence of iron oxide (Fe2O3) (PANalytical Empyrean Series 2X’pert high score: -98-017-3654) which was well validate by SEM-EDX analysis for elemental identification and quantitative compositional information (CARL ZEISS, model-EVO18). Particle size analysis were also carried out using Malvern hydro mastersizer (model: 2000M) and UV-DRS analysis.","PeriodicalId":103799,"journal":{"name":"Waste Management and the Environment IX","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133252430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The manuscript is supported by the Interreg VA Nord project “MIN-NORTH Development, Evaluation and Optimization of Measures to Reduce the Impact on the Environment from Mining Activities in Northern Regions”
该手稿由Interreg VA Nord项目“减少北方地区采矿活动对环境影响的措施的MIN-NORTH开发，评估和优化”提供支持。
{"title":"THE EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE AND PRECIPITATION ON THE LEACHING OF CONTAMINANTS FROM BALLANGEN TAILINGS DEPOSIT, NORWAY","authors":"Jinmei Lu, F. Yuan","doi":"10.2495/wm180081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2495/wm180081","url":null,"abstract":"The manuscript is supported by the Interreg VA Nord project “MIN-NORTH Development, \u0000Evaluation and Optimization of Measures to Reduce the Impact on the Environment from \u0000Mining Activities in Northern Regions”","PeriodicalId":103799,"journal":{"name":"Waste Management and the Environment IX","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116590913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：