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ACTIVATION OF OLDER PEOPLE WITH THE USE OF OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY 使用职业疗法激活老年人
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.28925/2518-7635.2021.611
Ewa Kaniewska-Mackiewicz
Over recent years, the number of people in late adulthood in Polish society has significantly increased, thereby there has appeared a strong need to focus on the quality of life of these people, on the offer of personal development, self-fulfilment in late adulthood, finding new horizons of interests, interesting forms of spending free time, but also the formation of places and services that provide support, care, assistance in daily activities, places of rehabilitation in the bio-psycho-social sphere.This paper describes the need of expanding services for the elderly based on occupational therapy. It also indicates what this type of activity consists of, what methods and techniques the therapist uses, and what benefits come from occupational therapy for the entire family of an elderly person.
近年来,波兰社会中成年晚期的人数显著增加,因此迫切需要关注这些人的生活质量,关注个人发展的提供,成年晚期的自我实现,寻找新的兴趣领域,有趣的休闲方式,以及在日常活动中提供支持、照顾和帮助的场所和服务的形成。生物-心理-社会领域的康复场所。本文描述了在职业治疗的基础上扩大老年人服务的需求。它还指出了这种类型的活动包括什么,治疗师使用什么方法和技术,以及职业治疗对老年人的整个家庭有什么好处。
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引用次数: 0
QUALITY OF BASIC, TERTIARY EDUCATION AND ADULT LEARNING IN THE EUROPEAN UNION: THE KEY TRENDS 欧盟基础教育、高等教育和成人教育的质量:主要趋势
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.28925/2518-7635.2021.61
Michał Cichoracki
The quality of education and training is considered in the European Union (EU) as a subject of the highest political priority. In all member states high levels of professional skills, social competencies and knowledge are considered to be the very basic conditions for active citizenship, social cohesion and employment. High quality of education and lifelong learning are the most important means of shaping one’s future on a professional and personal level – they are essential in the light of labour market strategies, and the free movement of workers within the European Union.The EU has already achieved one of its six 2019/2020 benchmarks for education and training and is close to meeting three others. The target of raising the share of the population aged 30 to 34 that has completed tertiary or equivalent education to at least 40 % was met in 2019. In addition, the EU is well on track to meeting its 2019/2020 benchmarks for early leavers from education and training and for early childhood education and care. The share of employed recent graduates has also increased over the past five years. However, the situation is less favourable as regards the remaining two others benchmarks: education outcomes – as measured by pupil’s performance in the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) study for reading, maths and science – are moving away from the respective EU target. Moreover, due to the stagnation in the proportion of adults participating in the learning process, the benchmark of raising this share to 15 % in the years to come will likely be missed.
教育和培训的质量在欧洲联盟(欧盟)被认为是政治上最优先的问题。在所有成员国中,高水平的专业技能、社会能力和知识被认为是积极公民身份、社会凝聚力和就业的最基本条件。高质量的教育和终身学习是在专业和个人层面塑造一个人未来的最重要手段——鉴于劳动力市场战略和欧盟内部工人的自由流动,它们是必不可少的。欧盟已经实现了2019/2020年教育和培训的六个基准中的一个,并且即将达到其他三个基准。2019年实现了将30至34岁人口中完成高等教育或同等教育的比例提高到至少40%的目标。此外,欧盟正在顺利实现其2019/2020年教育和培训早期离校者以及幼儿教育和护理的基准。在过去五年中,应届毕业生就业的比例也有所增加。然而,在其他两个基准方面,情况就不那么乐观了:教育成果——通过学生在国际学生评估项目(PISA)中阅读、数学和科学方面的表现来衡量——正在远离欧盟各自的目标。此外,由于成年人参与学习过程的比例停滞不前,未来几年将这一比例提高到15%的基准很可能无法实现。
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引用次数: 0
CARE OVER THE INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS DURING COVID-19 LOCKDOWN 在新冠肺炎封锁期间照顾国际学生
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.28925/2518-7635.2021.67
Marek Bogusz
This article is a diagnosis of the facts based on inner, empirical research. The aim of the Article is to present the situation of international students in WSG University during the lockdown related to the COVID-19 pandemic and the implemented measures and activities to counter its negative effects. The examples will relate to Poland and the university I represent. This article deals with the following issues: general situation of international students in Poland, brief overview of the university's activities, what tools and procedures to adapt to the new situation were prepared in advance, and what should be implemented in a crisis situation, the challenges of a sudden increase in the level and quantity of distance learning and recruitment challenges of international students. The summary will be a presentation of good practices introduced at the university in the context of COVID-19, which can be implemented in many European universities.
本文是基于内部实证研究的事实诊断。本文旨在介绍新冠肺炎疫情封锁期间WSG大学国际学生的情况,以及为应对疫情负面影响所采取的措施和活动。这些例子将与波兰和我所代表的大学有关。本文涉及以下问题:波兰国际学生的一般情况,大学活动的简要概述,提前准备了什么工具和程序来适应新形势,以及在危机情况下应该实施什么,远程学习水平和数量突然增加的挑战以及国际学生的招聘挑战。摘要将介绍该大学在2019冠状病毒病背景下引入的良好做法,这些做法可以在许多欧洲大学实施。
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引用次数: 0
KAZIMIERZ MARCINIAK'S VIEWS ON SCIENCE TASKS Kazimierz marciniak对科学任务的看法
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.28925/2518-7635.2021.62
Ryszard Maciołek
This article is devoted to the person and his views on the role of scientific activity in the life of the university and its significance for the social life. Kazimierz Marciniak represented geography and he specialized in climatology and bioclimatology. His extensive academic experience, gained through studies and scientific work at several Polish universities and in the Institute of Balneology in Poznań, made him not only an excellent researcher, but also a scholar whose views on the role of science in the life of the university and in social life were influencing the generation of representatives of many sciences who worked at the WSG University in Bydgoszcz. The convictions of the scholar in question, his broad vision of science not only as an enterprise calculated on commercial values, place him among the outstanding Polish scientists and philosophers. He shared with them not only the conviction about the cognitive function of science, which was engaged in economic activity, but also noticed its highly humanistic and ennobling role in relation to the researcher, in which the creative aspects of his work are present. Scientific work also contributes to the improvement of the educational process. Participation of a student, in any form of scientific activity, shapes his intellectual and even moral skills, educates in the spirit of the culture of the word, especially the written one. In the opinion of the discussed author, the main function of science for the entire social life is to forecast phenomena. Exploratory and exploratory functions are important, however, they are subordinated to the former. His methodological and philosophical views on the structure and dynamics of scientific theories were characterised by inductivism and probabilism. Some of his views on the questions of the nature of phenomena, the structure of reality and the relation between scientific theory and reality, were not presented in an unambiguous way; it also seems that they evolved towards anti-phenomenalism, anti-foundationalism and essentialism, which distanced him from scientism, as a worldview quite characteristic of representatives of the natural sciences of the 20th century.
这篇文章专门介绍了这个人和他对科学活动在大学生活中的作用及其对社会生活的意义的看法。Kazimierz Marciniak代表地理学,他专门研究气候学和生物气候学。他通过在波兰几所大学和波兹纳齐Balneology研究所的学习和科学工作获得了丰富的学术经验,这使他不仅是一名优秀的研究人员,而且是一名学者,他对科学在大学生活和社会生活中的作用的看法影响了在比得哥什WSG大学工作的许多科学代表的一代。这位学者的信念,以及他对科学的广阔视野,使他跻身于杰出的波兰科学家和哲学家之列,而科学不仅仅是一项以商业价值为基础的事业。他不仅与他们分享了从事经济活动的科学的认知功能的信念,而且还注意到它与研究人员有关的高度人性化和崇高的作用,其中他的工作中存在创造性方面。科学工作也有助于改善教育过程。学生参与任何形式的科学活动,塑造他的智力甚至道德技能,以世界文化的精神,特别是书面文化的精神进行教育。在讨论作者看来,科学对整个社会生活的主要功能是预测现象。探索性和探索性功能很重要,但是,它们从属于前者。他对科学理论的结构和动力学的方法论和哲学观点以归纳主义和概率论为特征。他对现象的本质、现实的结构以及科学理论与现实的关系等问题的一些观点,并没有以一种明确的方式提出;他们似乎也在向反现象主义、反基础主义和本质主义发展,这使他与作为20世纪自然科学代表人物的世界观的科学主义拉开了距离。
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引用次数: 0
TEACHING HOW TO WRITE A RESEARCH PAPER 教授如何写研究论文
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.28925/2518-7635.2019.4.2
Elizabeth Hatziolou, Stamatia Sofiou
The article aims at offering help to lecturers that want to teach their students how to write an acceptable research paper. As grammar and/or syntax can contribute to writing correct sentences but cannot aid students in developing a well-written research paper, lecturers should teach their students how to acquire important skills that will help them to compose a correct research paper. Such skills involve the acquisition of the ability to develop paragraphs, a series of sentences developing one topic, and the composition of a paper through a series of paragraphs that develop several related topics. Paragraphs need to include unity, coherence, transition, reasons – to accept the arguments in the research paper – and some examples in order to give the reasons in the research paper more validity. While long paragraphs can make the reader tired, many short paragraphs can become monotonous and boring. In other words, the length of paragraphs in a research paper is important. So is a closing, a summary sentence for the end of the development of the topic sentence, signalling that the writer is ready to move on to another idea and lists of details, like illustrations, examples, contrast, comparison, cause and effect and a combination of methods. The purpose of the research paper is considered to be of utmost importance and corresponds to one of the four main types of writing, including explanation, argument or mixtures, depending on the title and the central idea. Limiting the subject by providing an outline is helpful in organizing the student’s thoughts and avoiding overlapping. The inclusion of citations and a bibliography are obligatory for diligence in fulfilling the requirements of the university or college.
这篇文章的目的是为那些想教学生如何写一篇可接受的研究论文的讲师提供帮助。由于语法和/或句法有助于写出正确的句子,但不能帮助学生写出一篇写得好的研究论文,讲师应该教学生如何获得重要的技能,这将有助于他们写出一篇正确的研究论文。这样的技能包括获得组织段落的能力,一系列的句子发展一个主题的能力,以及通过一系列的段落发展几个相关的主题来写一篇文章的能力。段落需要包括统一性、连贯性、过渡、理由——接受研究论文中的论点——以及一些例子,以便使研究论文中的理由更有效。虽然长段落会让读者感到疲劳,但许多短段落会变得单调乏味。换句话说,研究论文的段落长度很重要。结束语也是如此,它是主题句发展的结束语,表明作者准备好进入另一个观点和细节列表,如插图、例子、对比、比较、因果关系和方法的组合。研究论文的目的被认为是最重要的,对应于四种主要写作类型之一,包括解释,论证或混合,取决于标题和中心思想。通过提供大纲来限制主题有助于组织学生的思想,避免重叠。包括引文和参考书目是履行大学或学院要求的义务。
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引用次数: 0
ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN UKRAINE IN THE CONTEXT OF EUROPEAN PRACTICES: EDUCATIONAL ASPECT 欧洲实践背景下乌克兰的能源效率:教育方面
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.28925/2518-7635.2019.4.6
N. Batechko, O. Shelimanova, S. Shostak
The current tendency towards depletion of fuel and energy resources, the growth of prices on energy production and global economic problems stimulate the necessity of introduction of energy efficient technologies. Very important and relevant in this situation is the study of the experience of the EU Member States on energy efficiency in Ukraine and the direct implementation of energy saving projects in Ukraine. In these trends, modern students can and should play an active role.The purpose of our Project is to educate a conscious and responsible future consumer of thermal and electric energy, who will conserve and use efficiently the traditional energy resources and promote the replacement of their alternative energy sources, resting upon the experience of leading EU countries.Implementation of the educational program “Energy efficiency: experience of EU countries for Ukraine” will enable popularization of EU experience in implementation of energy efficient technologies in different economy sectors and acquiring practical skills of project realization aimed at energy saving and reduction of negative impact on environment by future professionals.
目前燃料和能源枯竭的趋势、能源生产价格的上涨和全球经济问题都促使有必要采用节能技术。在这种情况下,研究欧盟成员国在乌克兰的能源效率和在乌克兰直接实施节能项目方面的经验是非常重要和相关的。在这些趋势中,现代学生能够而且应该发挥积极的作用。我们项目的目的是教育未来有意识和负责任的热能和电能消费者,他们将根据欧盟主要国家的经验,有效地保护和利用传统能源,并促进替代能源的替代。“能源效率:欧盟国家在乌克兰的经验”教育计划的实施将使欧盟在不同经济部门实施节能技术的经验得到普及,并使未来的专业人员获得旨在节能和减少对环境负面影响的项目实现的实用技能。
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引用次数: 1
CRITICAL ANALYSIS ON THE BENEFITS AND CHALLENGES OF HIGHER EDUCATION INTERNATIONALISATION: CASE OF CHINA 高等教育国际化的利益与挑战:以中国为例
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.28925/2518-7635.2019.4.10
Pontian Kabeera
Internationalization of higher education remains the main module through which knowledge can be bought, sold or even shared among Universities from different countries across the world. It was formerly considered as an ambition through which quality education can be achieved, however it has of recent times changed and became the means through which this mantra of quality education and professional mobility can be effectively attained. The knowledge acquisition and transformation, resource mobilization, talent mobilization especially global research as well as curriculum enactment with the international content are considered to be the primary benefits of internationalization of higher education. As much as internationalization hold countless constructive and positive meanings to the performance of higher education and eventually competent human resource development, there are significant challenges that are associated with this multifaceted and growing phenomenon, which among them includes commercial profit, academic colonization and difficulty in ensuring quality education. The reviews show that through higher education internationalization, significant progress can be achieved since the international exposure can influence policies in higher education, which can bring about considerable changes in the entire education system and education institutions across the world. This paper used Chinese higher education to examine the challenges and the potential of benefits of internationalization of higher education. It implies reviews of articles with respect to internationalization of higher education in the context of china as the papers methodology. Based on this review the paper ascertained several benefits of higher education internationalization in China which include quality human resources, skills development and exposure, professional mobility and research development, it also highlighted potential challenges which included academic colonization, low quality education standards and brain drain hence the paper recommends that, there should a proper system for evaluating students who go to study abroad and proper structure of tuition payment.
高等教育的国际化仍然是世界各国大学之间知识买卖甚至共享的主要方式。它以前被认为是实现素质教育的一种抱负,但近年来它已经改变,成为有效实现素质教育和专业流动的手段。知识的获取与转化、资源的调动、人才的调动特别是全球研究以及具有国际内容的课程设置被认为是高等教育国际化的主要好处。尽管国际化对高等教育的绩效和最终的人力资源开发具有无数建设性和积极的意义,但与这一多方面和日益增长的现象相关的重大挑战,其中包括商业利润、学术殖民化和确保优质教育的困难。回顾表明,通过高等教育国际化,可以取得重大进展,因为国际接触可以影响高等教育政策,这可以给世界各地的整个教育系统和教育机构带来相当大的变化。本文以中国高等教育为例,考察了高等教育国际化的挑战和潜在的好处。本文以中国背景下的高等教育国际化相关文献为研究方法。在此基础上,本文确定了中国高等教育国际化的几个好处,包括优质的人力资源、技能发展和曝光、专业人员流动和研究发展,同时也强调了潜在的挑战,包括学术殖民化、低质量教育标准和人才流失,因此本文建议:应该建立合理的留学生评价制度和合理的学费支付结构。
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引用次数: 2
SOCIAL WORKERS TRAINING IN CONTINUING EDUCATION SYSTEM 继续教育系统的社会工作者培训
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.28925/2518-7635.2019.4.3
T. Spirina, T. Liakh
The development of a continuing education system is a strategic task of reforming all education systems that consistently define their national-specific characteristics, while at the same time focusing on basic educational principles.The rapid changes in current development of society, related to the humanization of education, the high demands on each member of society, both individual and professional, and make the relevance of adult education as an integral part of continuing education and expanding research in this field. Particularly valuable are studies on the lifelong learning of social workers who are mediators between the state and society, agents of change and improvement of social and educational policies. Recognizing the competence approach in education and training of social workers, which should be reflected in updating the content of education in response to social transformations, engages the creation of conditions for the development of lifelong education in the field of professional activity of a social worker as a generalized condition for the ability to act effectively in a particular professional situation.The article deals with the problem of professionals training in the social field in continuing education system, which provides the professional development of adults, in particular social workers. The development of a continuing education system is a strategic task of reforming all education systems that consistently define their national-specific characteristics, while at the same time focusing on basic educational principles.
发展继续教育制度是改革所有教育制度的一项战略任务,这些制度既要坚持本国特色,又要注重基本教育原则。当前社会发展的快速变化,关系到教育的人性化,对每个社会成员的个人和专业的高要求,使得成人教育成为继续教育和扩大这一领域研究的一个组成部分。特别有价值的是关于社会工作者终身学习的研究,他们是国家与社会之间的调解人,是社会和教育政策的变革和改进的推动者。认识到社会工作者的教育和培训中的能力方法,这应该反映在更新教育内容以响应社会变革中,在社会工作者的专业活动领域中为终身教育的发展创造条件,作为在特定专业情况下有效行动的能力的一般条件。本文论述了继续教育系统中社会领域的专业人才培养问题,它为成人,特别是社会工作者提供了专业发展。发展继续教育制度是改革所有教育制度的一项战略任务,这些制度既要坚持本国特色,又要注重基本教育原则。
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引用次数: 0
CIRCULAR ECONOMY EDUCATION: EXPERIENCE OF FINLAND 循环经济教育:芬兰经验
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.28925/2518-7635.2021.66
Oleksii Sysoiev
Since the announcement of the National economic strategy 2030, the transition to a circular economy has become an agenda for Ukraine. In these conditions searching for good experience and practices is an essential priority for national higher education. The research focuses on analysing educational experience in the circular economy in the Republic of Finland. The Republic of Finland has become the first country to provide degree programmes in the circular economy. This theoretical research is based in particular on literature review as well as analysis of Finnish universities websites for studying the degree programmes (their learning content and structure), methods and forms of education. The article presents a generalised analysis of the bachelor, master and doctoral programmes in the circular economy or related sciences. The main findings are methods of education in circular economy distinguished according to the following principles: historical (project-based), priority in the pedagogy implementation (teaching and learning), students activities (combined methods), teaching strategies (heuristic methods), source of knowledge (direct or indirect study of reality). The project-based method dominates when a multidisciplinary student team designs the project. The education format varies from traditional to online.
自宣布《2030年国家经济战略》以来,向循环经济过渡已成为乌克兰的一项议程。在这种情况下,寻找好的经验和做法是国家高等教育的首要任务。本研究着重分析芬兰共和国循环经济教育的经验。芬兰共和国成为第一个提供循环经济学位课程的国家。这一理论研究主要基于文献综述以及芬兰大学网站的分析,以研究学位课程(其学习内容和结构)、教育方法和形式。本文对循环经济或相关科学的学士、硕士和博士课程进行了综合分析。主要发现是根据以下原则区分循环经济中的教育方法:历史(基于项目),教学法实施的优先性(教与学),学生活动(组合方法),教学策略(启发式方法),知识来源(直接或间接研究现实)。当多学科学生团队设计项目时,基于项目的方法占主导地位。教育形式从传统到在线各不相同。
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引用次数: 0
ETHICAL PRINCIPLES OF SOCIAL EDUCATOR ACTIVITY 社会教育者活动的伦理原则
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.28925/2518-7635.2022.77
D. Sopova
The article reveals the importance of ethical regulation of the social educator profession. The ethical principles of socio-pedagogical activity recorded in the code of ethics are characterised by respect for the dignity of each person, priority of the client's interests, tolerance, trust and interaction in solving the client's problems, availability of services, confidentiality, compliance with the norms of professional ethics. The social educator activity requires moral regulation of society as a specially organised and regulated activity, which involves orientation towards personality, and individuality, revealing the essential forces of a person, providing him with comprehensive social-psychological-pedagogical help in solving personal problems, in realising himself as a subject own life The Code of Ethics focuses on the observance of such ethical principles of socio-pedagogical activity as respect for the dignity of each person, priority of the client's interests, tolerance, trust and interaction in solving the client's problems, availability of services, confidentiality, compliance with the norms of professional ethics. The moral aspect of the social educator activity is revealed through a system of moral values, virtues and goodness in behaviour, which guides the observance of the norms of professional ethics in the activity of a modern social educator.
本文揭示了社会教育工作者职业道德规范的重要性。道德准则中记录的社会教育活动的道德原则的特点是尊重每个人的尊严,优先考虑客户的利益,在解决客户的问题时容忍、信任和互动,提供服务,保密,遵守职业道德规范。社会教育活动作为一种特殊组织和规范的活动,需要对社会进行道德规范,这涉及到对人格和个性的定位,揭示一个人的本质力量,为他提供全面的社会心理教育帮助,以解决个人问题。《道德守则》的重点是遵守社会教育活动的道德原则,如尊重每个人的尊严、优先考虑客户的利益、在解决客户问题时的宽容、信任和互动、提供服务、保密、遵守职业道德规范。社会教育活动的道德层面是通过道德价值观、美德和行为的良善来体现的,它指导着现代社会教育工作者在活动中遵守职业道德规范。
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引用次数: 0
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The Modern Higher Education Review
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