Color Research and Application最新文献

This study investigates the emotional responses elicited by different color-material combinations in fashion fabrics, focusing on how variations in fabric properties influence visual perception. A set of 60 fabric samples, representing 20 distinct colors in 100% linen, cotton, and silk, was selected to examine the emotional impact across four dimensions: warm–cool, calm–activity, masculine–feminine, and dislike–like. Using a controlled visual perception test with 25 participants, the emotional responses were measured through a 7-point Likert scale. The analysis highlights that material properties significantly modify the emotional impact of colors, with neutral and achromatic hues exhibiting diverse responses depending on the fabric type. Correlation and regression analyses demonstrate that color parameters (L*, a*, b*, C* and h), such as chroma (C*) and hue angle (h), are pivotal in shaping emotional perceptions. Results reveal that each fabric type uniquely influences these perceptions: silk is associated with enhancing coolness and femininity, while linen correlates with increased warmth and masculinity. These material-specific variations suggest that textile designers must consider both colorimetric attributes and fabric properties to effectively target emotional and aesthetic preferences. The study not only deepens the understanding of the complex interplay between color properties and material types but also provides actionable insights for designing textiles that align with consumer emotional responses, thereby enhancing product appeal and marketability.

This study explored the application of natural dyes to develop a color palette for creative design, focusing on the traditional natural dyeing in Lampang Province, Thailand. Utilizing local natural resources such as Burma Padauk, Siamese Senna, Indian Almond Tree, Eucalyptus, and Lac, the research identified the properties and variations of colors achieved through the use of different mordants such as alum and rust. Color measurements were conducted using the CIE L*a*b* system, with results converted into RGB, CMYK, and HEX color systems for practical design applications. The findings emphasize the importance of preserving local wisdom in natural dyeing while addressing challenges in consistency and quality control. This research integrated traditional dyeing knowledge with modern design principles, providing a framework for developing sustainable and culturally enriched products. By establishing systematic dyeing processes and creating standardized color palettes, the study aims to enhance the global competitiveness of locally produced textiles, aligning with the goals of sustainable development and responsible consumption, promoting sustainable practices, economic growth, and cultural preservation.

Color plays a critical role in the visual communication of products, significantly shaping user perception and emotional response. With the rapid proliferation of smart products, dynamic color—enabled by features such as breathing lights and interactive displays—has emerged as a new form of emotional expression, yet current research predominantly focuses on inherent color. This study proposes a dynamic color emotional design framework specifically tailored for smart products by integrating neurophysiological and behavioral insights. An EEG-based experimental paradigm is developed to quantitatively assess users' emotional responses to combinations of inherent and dynamic colors. Using dynamic video stimuli rather than static images, the study enhances emotional elicitation and data reliability. Experimental results show that both hue and saturation affect emotional evaluation, with colors like cyan and green eliciting more relaxed feelings and purple inducing tension. EEG analyses reveal that emotional states are reflected in characteristic changes across δ, α, and β frequency bands, particularly in the temporal and parietal lobes. This research provides a new perspective for the emotional design of dynamic color in smart products and offers empirical evidence for optimizing visual interaction. The findings support user-centered design in contexts such as household electronics, enhancing both emotional engagement and product experience.

Categorical perception (CP) enables the identification and classification of objects and phenomena based on the fundamental categories. Colors are similarly perceived through their underlying basic color categories. This study aimed to verify this hypothesis by predicting that the CP of color influences the judgment of warm–cool so that the color categories and warm–cool categories can be consistently distinguished. In addition, the study sought to investigate the effects of experimental methods and the order in which colors are presented on warm–cool judgments, and to compare them with previous research findings. Two experiments were conducted to achieve these goals. In the first experiment, participants chose whether they agreed with predetermined warm or cool for 39 color stimuli. In the second experiment, participants selected the most appropriate hue name category among the hue name categories presented for the same stimuli. Both experiments used a two-alternative forced-choice (2AFC) methodology. To verify the order effect, three different stimulus presentation orders were applied: forward (orange > green > blue, blue > purple > red > orange), random (no specific order), reverse (blue > green > yellow > orange, orange > red > blue). The results of the warm–cool judgment and the hue name category experiments showed that the Green and Red categories were related to the variability in the warm–cool judgment. Contrary to the hypothesis that for colors at the category boundaries, category classification is difficult and therefore the warm–cool judgment will also be ambiguous, the findings demonstrated that the clarity or ambiguity of the warm–cool judgment is inconsistent with the color category. Instead, Orange and Blue consistently derived clear warm or cool judgments, while Green and Red were associated with the ambiguous assessment of warm–cool. Furthermore, the variability observed in the warm–cool judgments is different from previous studies, suggesting that there may be other factors affecting this assessment, such as evaluation methods. This study highlights the subtle interactions between CP and warm–cool judgments. It identifies distinct color categories related to clarity and ambiguity in judgments, demonstrating that various factors can amplify the variability of the warm–cool assessment, particularly for colors within the Green and Red categories. These findings highlight the importance of judgments, including the factors that influence the distinction between warm and cool colors, and challenge the conventional perceptions of classifying warm and cool colors based on fixed color categories.

Lightness, a critical component of color appearance models, is traditionally computed relative to a diffuse white reference. However, this approach does not fully account for the Helmholtz–Kohlrausch (H–K) effect, where highly saturated colors appear brighter than less saturated ones at the same luminance. To address this limitation, this research proposes a G₀-referenced lightness metric based on CIELAB L*, where G₀ represents the luminance at which a color transitions from a reflective appearance to a self-luminous one. Defining G₀ as a function of chromaticity using optimal colors as an anchor is aimed at enhancing the accuracy of lightness computations, particularly for colors with high saturation. This research outlines the computational methodology for deriving the G₀-referenced lightness metric, details the challenges involved, and presents results demonstrating the efficacy of this approach across various illuminants and color matching functions.

This study investigates perceived neutrality in white light across a range of correlated color temperature (CCT) and Duv values. Two psychophysical experiments were conducted in a dark room using an LCD screen that displayed “white” patches of equal luminance (70 cd/m²) against a black background. In both experiments, 30 observers with normal color vision performed paired comparisons to select the patch that appeared “less tinted” Experiment 1 examined how Duv affected perceived neutrality using 25 white stimuli varying in CCT (3000K, 4000K, 5000K, 6500K, and 9500K) and Duv (0.010, 0.005, 0, −0.005 and −0.010). The results show that the Duv value for the neutral white shifts with CCT: negative below 4000K and increasingly positive above, reaching 0.003 at CCTs higher than 6500K. Experiment 2 assessed the effect of CCT on perceived neutrality across a different CCT range (5000K, 5700K, 6500K, 7700K and 9500K) while maintaining the same set of 5 Duv levels used in Experiment 1. Results indicate the chromaticity associated with the maximum neutrality lies between 7000K and 8000K. The findings of both experiments suggest that the most neutral white corresponds to CIE Illuminant D75, which is specified at 7504K with a Duv of 0.0031. Based on these results, a predictive model of perceived neutrality was developed, defined as a neutral white locus extending from 3000K to 10 000K.

Colors are pervasive in everyday life and can significantly influence consumer perception, engagement, behavior, and emotional responses. Research on color in marketing and business has been extensive and fruitful over the years. However, it is only since 2010 that there has been a notable increase in the diversity of topics related to color. While research has increasingly focused on sensory marketing, color—both as a sensory stimulus and a strategic marketing tool—still warrants greater scholarly attention, particularly through the integration of psychological insights. This study addresses the lack of systematization in research on color within the fields of marketing and business by incorporating psychologically informed perspectives. Adopting a multidisciplinary approach, it integrates insights from business, marketing, and psychology to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the topic. A multi-method approach is applied, drawing upon a systematic literature review (SLR) and bibliometric analysis. The SLR followed the PRISMA guidelines, analyzing 262 research works published from 2000 to 2025. This study outlines publication trends, citations, prominent journals, research topics, and future directions to enhance understanding of how psychological concepts contribute to the study of color in marketing.

This study investigated thresholds for perceiving color and lightness differences in digital environments using psychophysical methods, particularly, focusing on achromatic gray against RGB primaries. As a result of the experiment, perception thresholds were derived by dividing it into JND (just noticeable difference) and JAD (just acceptable difference). For chromaticity, the study proposes JND Δu′v′ = 0.001 and JAD Δu′v′ = 0.002. For lightness, the acceptable threshold aligns with Weber fraction principles at Log(ΔL/L) = −2. This study also demonstrated the influence of luminance, hue, and presentation methods on perception thresholds. In particular, expanding the attention area in the presentation methods affects the perception of the sensitivity of color and lightness difference. These findings highlight the importance of visual attention in evaluating color differences and suggest: For sensitive evaluations, adopt low luminance conditions and side-by-side presentation methods for red and green primaries.